JPS6153093B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a continuous system in which a granular material packed bed is used to form an upward overlayer with an upward flow of water to be treated, and the granular material is washed while continuing the overflow operation. This invention relates to an upflow device.

In general, the performance of a filtration device is largely influenced by the properties of the liquid to be filtrated, and apart from that, the performance of the filtration device is greatly influenced by the properties of the liquid to be filtrated. It is said that the less water, air, time, etc. required for the treatment, the better.

In order to increase the overspeed and increase the overload (overtime), this can be achieved by increasing the overresistance of the overlayer to a relatively gentle degree and by continuously performing the operation of cleaning and reviving the overlayer. This capability is well known in the filtration art, and typical conventional continuous filtration systems include those shown in FIGS. 1-3.

The device shown in Fig. 1 forms a superlayer C in a superphase L protruding obliquely to the side of a superlayer A.
The overflow water (d) flowing in from the upper part of the overflow tower (A) is passed through the overflow (c), and the overflow water is taken out from the outlet pipe (h).
On the other hand, the uppermost layer of the overlayer A, which traps a large amount of suspended solids, is pushed up to the extruded material diaphragm installed at the bottom of the overlayer A, and is discharged to the bottom of the overlayer A. The recycled materials are transferred to the material supply pipe installed at the bottom of the overlayer chamber by a portion of the overflow water, where they are washed by the washing water channel, and the material is drained from the washing drainage tank. This process is repeated by discharging the material from the top of the replenishment tube and filling the bottom space of the overlayer formed when the diaphragm is pulled back with the cleaned material.

However, the conventional device shown in Fig. 1 has a structure in which the overtank B protrudes from the side of the overcoat A, so it is difficult to economically manufacture a overtank with a large capacity, that is, a large area. The disadvantage is that it requires a large installation area.

Next, in the conventional device shown in Fig. 2, the overlayer A is configured in a floating state, and the overflow water D flows into the overlayer from the lower part of the overlayer A, and the overlayer water flows through the water collection port N provided in the middle of the overlayer A. A part of the superfluous water is raised into the over-tower A to further float the material. The water is scraped off in small quantities and discharged to the outside of the filter tower I, mixed with the inflowing overflow water using a pump (not shown), and then returned to the filter tower I.

However, since this device constructs the overlayer in a floating state, there are considerable restrictions on the type of material, and as a result of the water collection port being provided on the side wall of the overlayer, the force that presses the overlayer upward is excessive. The material becomes weak near the center of the cross section of the tower, and the material in the center is more likely to float to the top, making it difficult to take out a uniform layer of material from the top depending on how dirty the material is, and the overlayer tends to fluidize. There are drawbacks such as. In addition, the device shown in Figure 3 uses the upward flow of overflow water that flows into the overflow pipe from the supply pipe installed inside the overflow tower A to press the wood upwards to form an overflow overflow, and the overflow water is discharged from the water collection pipe through the upper flow of overflow water. The material at the top of the collecting pipe is used as a support layer to prevent fluidization and expansion of the overlayer, and part of the material that has captured suspended matter is passed through the overflow tower at regular intervals for short periods of time. drop it at the bottom of the
A part of the overflow water is transferred to the washing tower through the valve holder, and after being washed with washing water flowing in from the lower pipe of the washing tower, the filtrate is removed by an ejector connected to the lower part of the washing tower. This is for feeding to the upper part.
Continuous filtration is carried out in combination with several minutes for removing, cleaning, and transporting dirty materials, compared to the usual 10 minutes. However, since this device does not have a fixed support for supporting the superlayer,
In order to avoid fluidization of the overlayer and expansion of the entire overlayer to the upper part of the overcoat, the overspeed is limited to about 30 m/hr at most, and there is a disadvantage that the throughput per cross-sectional area of the overcoat is small. .

The present invention solves the drawbacks of the conventional continuous filtration equipment described above, increases the throughput per cross-sectional area, obtains good filtration, simplifies the cleaning operation of materials, and further reduces the amount of water required for cleaning. The aim is to minimize the amount of air.

That is, in the present invention, an outflow pipe for filtrated water and an inflow pipe for filtrated water are attached to the upper and lower parts of the filtration tower, respectively, and the filtrated water is passed through in an upward flow to press the granular material layer upward to filtrate. In an upflow type filtration tower, an upper screen that allows water to pass through but not granular material is formed in the filtration tower below the permeate outlet, or a water-permeable support bed is formed by hardening the granular material with adhesive. , a water collecting pipe is installed in the lower part of the filtration tower that allows water to pass through but not granular material, and a hopper is installed in the upper part of the filtration tower, and the lower end of the hopper is connected to the upper screen or the support bed. A granular material discharge pipe is opened into the hopper below the hopper, and a granular material discharge pipe is installed inside the granular material layer formed at the beginning of the filtration process, and the discharge pipe is connected to the upper part of the hopper by a communicating pipe. This article relates to a continuous upflow column. An example of an embodiment of the present invention will be explained in detail below using the drawings.

Fig. 4 shows an explanatory diagram of the structure of the continuous upflow filtration tower of the present invention.To explain its configuration, 1 is a filtration tower, 2 is a hopper whose lower part is reduced in diameter into a conical shape, and the filtration tower 1 is A material replenishment valve 18 is attached to the lower end of the hopper, and the valve 18 is opened and closed by a valve opening/closing mechanism 19 via a long operating shaft. Further, the opening of the material replenishment valve 18 is located below the upper screen 4, which will be described later. In addition,
The material replenishment valve may be of any type, such as a ball valve, cock valve, or diaphragm valve, as long as it has a structure that allows the slurry of granular material and water to easily pass through. 3 is a granular material (hereinafter referred to as material) to form an overlayer, and any granular material may be used, but
Plastic particles, anthracite, sand, etc. having a specific gravity of about 1.05 to 2.7 are suitable, and their size, uniformity coefficient, etc. are selected depending on the properties of the overflowing water and the desired overspeed. The total height of the overstory is preferably 0.7 to 2 m. Reference numeral 4 designates an upper screen that does not allow the material to pass through, but allows water to pass through, and is provided below the overflow outlet 26.
Reference numeral 5 designates a collection pipe through which water can pass but not through which materials pass. For example, the same pipe is covered with a screen and is installed below the tower 1. Further, 6 is an inflow pipe for the filtrate water, which is passed through the inlet valve 7 to the filtrate tower 1.
Connect to the bottom of the. Reference numeral 8 denotes a drain pipe, which is connected to the water collection pipe 5 via a drain valve 9. Reference numeral 10 denotes a super water outflow pipe, which is attached to the upper part of the filter tower 1 via a super water outlet valve 11. Further, a wash water discharge pipe 15 and an air vent pipe 16 are attached to the upper part of the hopper 2, and a material outflow prevention screen 17 is provided at the hopper connection portion of each of the pipes 15 and 16. 2
Reference numeral 0 denotes a material discharge pipe, which is attached so that its opening is located within the overlayer formed at the beginning of the over-processing process, and the other end is connected to the ejector 2 through the material take-out valve 21.
It is connected to the suction section 27 of No. 2. Material discharge pipe 2
The position of the opening of 0 is preferably in the range of 1/2 to 1/4 from the bottom of the entire layer formed at the beginning of the layer process. On the other hand, one end of the communication pipe 24 is connected to the discharge part 28 of the ejector 22, and the other end of the communication pipe 24 is connected to the upper part of the hopper 2. Further, a drive water pipe 30 is connected to the drive water inlet 29 of the ejector 22 via the drive water valve 23 . Note that 25 is a full board.

Note that the upper screen 4 shown in FIG. 4 is provided to support the overlayer that is formed when filtration is carried out in an upward flow, so it is not limited to a screen; for example, as shown in FIG. Water-permeable support floor 3 made of granular materials such as silica stone hardened with adhesive
1 may be fixed to the upper part of the tower. Regarding the joining of the hopper 2 and the upper part of the filter tower 1, as shown in FIG. The opening may be provided at the lower part of the upper screen 4 or the water-permeable support floor 31. In this case, the material supply valve 18
It is preferable to attach it in the middle of the joint pipe 32.

Next, the operation of the continuous upflow device of the present invention will be explained. First, to explain over-operation, in FIG. 4, the inlet valve 7 and the over-water outlet valve 11 are opened,
Allowing the overflow water to flow in from the overflow water inflow pipe 6,
The upper screen 4 (or water-permeable support bed 31) of the filter tower 1
to form a superlayer A that is pressed upward. Suspended matter in the overflow water is captured mainly by the lower part of the layer A, and overwater is discharged from the overflow pipe 10. Although it depends on the type of material used, the flow rate at which the overlayer can be formed is usually 15 m/H or more. As the process continues, the pressure loss in the overlayer A increases, so after a certain period of time, the material take-out valve 21 and drive water valve 23 are opened, and the material is discharged from the bottom of the material discharge pipe 20 below the opening. The material is taken out in a slurry state and transferred to the hopper 2 through the communication pipe 24. The material 3 taken out from the material discharge pipe 20 captures suspended matter, but the suspended matter adhering to the surface of the material is removed by vigorous stirring in the ejector 22 by the inflow water from the driving water pipe 30. The material peels off, and the mass of suspended matter formed in the voids of the material collapses, becoming a slurry of material and turbid water that ascends the communication pipe 24. The washed material, from which the suspended matter adhering to the surface of the material and the suspended matter present in the voids have been removed, settles to the bottom of the hopper 2, and the turbid water flows out from the washing water discharge pipe 15.
Regarding the removal of the material, there are two methods: one method is to leave the material take-off valve 21 open at an appropriate opening and discharge it continuously for a certain period of time, and another is to discharge the material in small amounts step by step by repeating opening and closing of the material take-out valve 21 in order. There are ways to do this, but either way is fine. Through this operation, the overlayer A formed below the opening of the discharge pipe 20 is taken out of the tower 1 in order, but the overlayer A of the material 3 is also formed above the opening of the discharge pipe 20. , it is possible to continue the process even during the operation of taking out the material 3. Once a specified amount of cleaned material is stored in the hopper 2, the following material replenishment operation is performed. This operation is an operation that closes the inlet valve 7 and the excess water outlet valve 11, and at the same time rapidly opens the liquid drain valve 9 and material replenishment valve 18. When this operation is performed, a large amount of water is temporarily removed from the water collection pipe 5. As a result, a downward piston flow is generated in the filter tower 1, and the superlayer A that had formed in the filter tower remains in a layered state and falls to the bottom of the filter tower 1.
At the same time, the cleaned material in the hopper 2 is transferred to the upper space of the sieve tower 1 created by the fall of the sieve layer A.

When the above replenishment operation is completed, drain valve 9
Then, the material replenishment valve 18 is closed, and the inlet valve 7 and overwater outlet valve 11 are opened again to continue the above-mentioned overflow process.

As explained above, in the continuous upflow filtration tower of the present invention, by forming the upper screen 4 (or the water-permeable support bed 31) in the upper part of the filtration tower 1, even if the filtrate water is transferred at a high flow rate. Even if it is supplied with an upward flow of , superlayer A does not flow,
In addition, by installing a water collection pipe 5 at the lower part of the overcoat 1, a large amount of water can be drained evenly across the cross section of the overcoat during material replenishment operations. It becomes possible to generate a downward piston flow, and it is possible to move the overlayer A downward in the overcoat 1 without collapsing it, thereby preventing temporary turbidity of overwater caused by the collapse of the overlayer A. This makes it possible to replenish the material in the hopper within a short time. Furthermore, by opening the discharge pipe 20, the material from the lower part of the overlayer formed at the beginning of the overstep can be taken out from the inside of the overlayer without interrupting the overoperation. Since the material can be washed during transport, there is no need to install a material washing tower.
Although an ejector is used as the material stirring device connected to the material discharge pipe 20 in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, it is not limited to the ejector; for example, a slurry pump or the like may be used. do not have. Although a simple T-tube may be used in some cases, it is preferable to use an ejector in consideration of economical efficiency and stirring effect.

Next, regarding the discharge of material during over-processing,
To explain in more detail, as shown in the shaded area in FIG. However, as mentioned above, suspended matter is captured by the lower part of superlayer A, so in some cases the superlayer, which still has sufficient ability to capture suspended matter, may Sometimes it is discharged outside the tower. Therefore, it is more preferable to provide a plurality of material discharge pipes 20 with vertical differences in stages. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, three material discharge pipes 20a, 20b, 20c
are installed in stages with vertical differences, first open the material take-out valve 21a and discharge the material in the shaded area Aa,
Then, by opening the material take-off valve 21b to discharge the material in the shaded area Ab, and finally by opening the material take-out valve 21c to discharge the material in the shaded area Ac, the material with trapped suspended matter can be removed. Since the overlayer can be discharged sequentially from the bottom without interrupting the overflow operation, the utilization efficiency of the overlayer can be further increased. The number of discharge pipes to be installed in stages with vertical differences may be appropriately determined in consideration of the thickness of the overlayer, the amount of suspended matter in the overflowing water, the overspeed, etc.

Next, as described above, the material discharged from the discharge pipe 20 that has captured the suspended matter is vigorously stirred in the ejector by driving water to peel off the suspended matter adhering to the surface of the material, and The suspended solids that have formed in the voids of the material are broken up, and the suspended matter flows out as turbid water through the wash water discharge pipe 15 attached to the top of the hopper 2, but the washed material that has settled at the bottom of the hopper 2 is removed. When replenishing the filtrate into the filtration tower, a portion of this turbid water may flow into the filtration tower, and the quality of the filtrate may temporarily decrease when the filtration process is restarted. Therefore, in order to prevent this, as shown in FIG. It is preferable to open the displacement water valve 13 to allow excess water to flow back from the lower part of the hopper before replenishing the material in the hopper 2 to the overcoat. A nozzle 14 with many slits is attached to the other end of the replacement water introduction pipe 12.
By uniformly discharging superfluous water from the hopper to the bottom of the hopper, the turbid water that had accumulated in the hopper can flow out from the washing water discharge pipe 15, and the water that coexists with the material in the hopper can be replaced with superfluous water. By performing this operation, it is possible to effectively prevent turbid water from flowing into the tower during replenishment of materials. In addition, if the diameter of the hopper 2 is small, even if the other end of the replacement water introduction pipe is left open, almost the same effect as attaching the nozzle 14 to the tip can be achieved, so depending on the case, There is no problem even if the nozzle 14 is omitted.

Further, as described above, the material taken out from the material discharge pipe 20 is cleaned by the stirring effect of the ejector 22, but if the suspended matter contained in the water to be treated is sticky or If the ejector 22 has a tendency to harden easily, cleaning only the ejector 22 may not be sufficient. At times like this,
As shown in FIG. 8, a portion of the communication pipe 24 is made thicker to allow the material to stagnate to a certain extent, thereby extending the contact time with the driving water, and air is allowed to flow into the lower end of the communication pipe 24', which is made partially thicker. By attaching a pipe 33 and opening and closing an air valve 34 to allow air to flow in at appropriate times to create bubbling inside the communication pipe 24', the material can be completely cleaned. Therefore, the shape of the communication pipe may be appropriately determined depending on the type of suspended matter contained in the water to be treated.

As explained above, in the continuous upward flow filtration tower of the present invention, the overlayer does not flow even when filtration is carried out at a high flow rate, and used materials can be discharged from the tower while filtration continues. In addition, the material can be washed without installing a backwashing tower, and the washed material can be filled into the tower in a short time, reducing the installation area of the tower and reducing construction costs. The amount of water and air required for cleaning can be reduced.
It is also possible to significantly reduce running costs, which brings great benefits to industry.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1, 2, and 3 are explanatory diagrams of the flow of a conventional continuous filtration device, and Figures 4 to 8 are examples of embodiments of the continuous upflow filtration tower of the present invention. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the overall structure, FIGS. 5 and 8 are partial structural explanatory diagrams showing other embodiments of the upper part of the tower, and FIGS. 6 and 7 are illustrations of the material. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a state of discharge. 1...Toto, 2...Hopper, 3...Material,
4...Upper screen, 5...Water collection pipe, 6...Inflow pipe for overflow water, 10...Outflow pipe for excess water, 12
...Displacement water introduction pipe, 20...Material discharge pipe, 22
... Ejector, 24 ... Communication pipe, 31 ... Water-permeable support bed, 33 ... Air inflow pipe, A ...
Overlayer.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An overwater outflow pipe and an overflow water inflow pipe are attached to the upper and lower parts of the filtration tower, respectively, and the overflow water is passed through in an upward flow to compress the granular material layer upward. In an upflow filtration tower that performs filtration, an upper screen that allows water to pass through but not granular material, or a water-permeable support bed made of granular material bound with adhesive, is installed in the filtration tower below the filtration outlet. At the same time, a water collection pipe is installed below the filter tower to allow water to pass through but not to pass through the granular material, and a hopper is installed in the upper part of the filter tower, and the lower end of the hopper is connected to the upper screen or A granular material discharge pipe was opened into the hopper below the supporting bed, and a granular material discharge pipe was installed inside the granular material layer formed at the beginning of the filtration process, and the discharge pipe and the upper part of the hopper were connected by a communicating pipe. A continuous upflow tower characterized by: 2. The continuous upward flow tower according to claim 1, which is provided with a material stirring device in the middle of the communication pipe. 3. Claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of granular material discharge pipes are provided with vertical differences in stages.
2. A continuous upflow column according to item 2 or item 2. 4. Claim 1, characterized in that one end of the replacement water introduction pipe is connected to the overwater outflow pipe, and the other end of the replacement water introduction pipe is opened inside the hopper below.
3. The continuous upflow column according to item 1, 2 or 3. 5. The continuous upflow tower according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, wherein a portion of the communicating pipe is thickened. 6. The continuous upward flow filtration tower according to claim 5, characterized in that an air inlet pipe is attached to the lower end of the communicating pipe which is partially thickened.