JPS6149345B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

FIELD OF INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION This invention relates to solid transparent polymeric organic host materials containing photochromic amounts of novel photochromic compounds. Photochromism is a color change that occurs when exposed to sunlight or light radiation containing ultraviolet radiation, such as the light of a mercury lamp, and then returns to its original color if the radiation is stopped or the compound is stored in the dark. This is a reversible phenomenon exhibited by compounds. Compounds that exhibit this phenomenon are called "photochromic compounds." BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Various types of photochromic compounds have been synthesized and proposed for use in applications that change color or darken in sunlight. In particular, U.S. Pat.
Spiro(indoline)naphthoxazine compounds, such as those described in US Pat. No. 4,342,668, exhibit particular benefits for sunglasses and ophthalmic lenses. Such photochromic compounds may be in crystalline form or as a solution or dispersion in a transparent medium.
It rapidly turns from colorless to blue when exposed to sunlight or ultraviolet light, and returns to its original colorless state when left in the dark or in the absence of strong ultraviolet light. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, the following general formula A material containing a novel photochromic compound represented by is provided. In the above general formula, R ₁ is selected from the group consisting of C ₁ -C ₈ alkyl, phenyl, phenyl(C ₁ -C ₄ )alkyl, allyl, and mono- and di-substituted phenyl, and the phenyl substituent is C ₁ - selected from C ₄ alkyl, C ₁ -C ₅ alkoxy. Preferably R ₁ is a C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl or phenyl or benzyl group. R ₂ and R ₃ in the formula are each selected from the group consisting of C ₁ -C ₅ alkyl, phenyl, and mono- and di-substituted phenyl, benzyl, or are combined to form 6-8 carbon atoms (spiro carbon atoms). ), norbornyl, and adamantyl.
Phenyl substituents are _C1 - _C4 alkyl and C1 _{- C5}
It can be selected from alkoxy groups. Preferably, R ₂ and R ₃ are each selected from C ₁ -C ₅ alkyl. When one of R ₂ or R ₃ is a tertiary alkyl group such as tert-butyl or tert-amyl, the other is preferably an alkyl group other than a tertiary alkyl group. R ₄ and R ₅ in the general formula are each hydrogen and C _1
-C5 alkyl, halogen, _{C1 -C5} alkoxy,
selected from the group consisting of nitro, cyano, and C ₁ -C ₈ alkoxycarbonyl. R ₄ , R ₅ can be present at any two available carbon atoms of the indolino moiety of the compound, ie the 4-position or the 5-position or the 6-position or the 7-position. Preferably, when the substituents R ₄ , R ₅ are other than hydrogen, these substituents are present at the carbon positions 4 and 5 or 5 and 6 or 4 and 7 or 6 and 7 of the indolino moiety. Exists in atoms. Although any halogen can be used, ie chlorine, bromine, iodine, fluorine, chlorine, bromine and especially chlorine are preferred. Preferably, R ₄ and R ₅ are hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₂ alkyl, chlorine,
selected from the group consisting of bromine, C ₁ -C ₅ alkoxy. Of particular interest are those in which R ₁ is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl,
Such as sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl
A photochromic device represented by the general formula C ₁ -C ₂ alkyl, and each of R ₂ and R ₃ is methyl, ethyl, or phenyl, and each of R ₄ and R ₅ is hydrogen, methyl, methoxy, or chloro. It is a compound. Photochromic compounds used in the present invention include benzene, toluene, chloroform, ethyl acetate,
Can be dissolved in common organic solvents like methyl ethyl ketone, acetone, ethyl alcohol, methyl alcohol, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, methyl ether of ethylene glycol, dimethyl formamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, methyl cellosolve, morpholine, ethylene glycol, and water, alcohol,
and other solvents. The amount of solvent used to dissolve the photochromic compound used in this invention should be sufficient to provide a photochromic composition that, when applied to the host material, provides a photochromic amount of the compound in the host material. Must be. The photochromic compound for use in the present invention may be a colorless or transparent solution prepared from a transparent polymer or a copolymer or blend of such transparent polymers and a suitable organic solvent, such as those described below dissolved in one or more of the organic solvents listed above. It can also be dissolved in a transparent host material polymer. Examples of such solutions include polyvinyl acetate/acetone solution, nitrocellulose/acetonitrile solution, polyvinyl chloride/methyl ethyl ketone solution, polymethyl methacrylate/acetone solution, acetyl cellulose/dimethylformamide solution, polyvinylpyrrolidone/acetonitrile solution, polystyrene/ Includes benzene solution and ethyl cellulose/methylene chloride solution. The photochromic solution or composition is applied to a transparent support such as triacetylcellulose or polyethylene terephthalate or Baryta paper, dried and colored blue by ultraviolet light and returned to colorless by removal of the ultraviolet light source. Photochromic materials can be obtained. The photochromic compounds used in this invention, or compositions containing them, may be applied to, or incorporated into, solid transparent polymeric organic materials or synthetic plastic host materials. Preferably, the host material is an optically transparent material, such as a material suitable for ophthalmic devices such as ophthalmic lenses or for applications such as windows, windshields, etc. The host materials containing the photochromic compounds used in the present invention can be used in the production of photochromic plastic films, sheets and lenses, such as sunglass lenses, ski goggles, visors, sun visors, camera lenses and filters. As used herein, the term "optical element" is intended to include lenses and transparencies. Examples of transparent host materials that can be used with the photochromic compounds used in this invention include polymers of polyol (allyl carbonate) monomers, polyacrylates, poly(alkyl acrylates) such as polymethyl methacrylate, cellulose acetate, cellulose triacetate. , cellulose acetate propionate, cellulose acetate butyrate, poly(vinyl acetate), poly(vinyl alcohol), polyurethane, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polystyrene, poly(styrene-methyl methacrylate) copolymer, poly(styrene-acrylonitrile) copolymer, polyvinyl Contains butyral. Transparent copolymers and blends of transparent polymers are also suitable as host materials.
Preferably, the host material is poly(4,
4′-dioxydiphenol-2,2-propane)
polycarbonates, such as; polymethyl methacrylate, such as the material sold under the trademark PLEXIGLAS; polyols (allyl carbonate), especially diethylene glycol bis(allyl carbonate), sold under the trademark CR-39, and Its copolymers with vinyl acetate, e.g. diethylene glycol bis(allyl carbonate) 80-90% and vinyl acetate 10-20%
Copolymers with %, especially diethylene glycol bis(allyl carbonate) 80-85% and vinyl acetate
Copolymer with 15-20%; acetyl cellulose,
Optically transparent polymeric organic materials made from cellulose propionate, cellulose butyrate, polystyrene and its copolymers with methyl methacrylate, vinyl acetate, acrylonitrile, and cellulose acetate butyrate. Polyol (allyl carbonate) monomers that can be polymerized to form transparent host materials include allyl carbonates of linear or branched aliphatic or aromatic liquid polyols, such as aliphatic glycol bis(allyl carbonate) compounds or alkylidene It is a bisphenol bis(allyl carbonate) compound. These monomers can be referred to as unsaturated polycarbonates of polyols, such as glycols. These monomers can be prepared by methods known in the art, e.g.
It can be produced by the method described in Nos. 2370567 and 2403113. Polyol (allyl carbonate) has the general formula
It can be shown as In the above general formula, R is a group derived from an unsaturated alcohol, usually an allyl or substituted allyl group, R' is a group derived from a polyol, and n is an integer of 2-5, preferably It is 2. The allyl group R may be substituted in the 2-position by a halogen, especially chlorine or bromine, or an alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, generally a methyl or ethyl group. R group is general formula (In the above general formula, R ₀ is hydrogen, halogen, or C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl group). Special examples of R include allyl, 2-chloroallyl, 2-bromoallyl, 2-
Includes fluoroallyl, 2-methylallyl, 2-ethylallyl, 2-isopropylallyl, 2-n-propylallyl, and 2-n-butylallyl. Most commonly, R is an allyl group _H2C =CH- _CH2- . R' is a polyvalent group derived from a polyol, which can be an aliphatic or aromatic polyol containing 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 hydroxy groups. Typically the polyol is 2
hydroxy groups, i.e. glycols or bisphenols. Aliphatic polyols may be linear or branched, and 2-
Contains 10 carbon atoms. Typically, aliphatic polyols are alkylene glycols or poly( _C2 - _C4 ) alkylene glycols having 2-4 carbon atoms, such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, trimethylene glycol, tetramethylene glycol, or diethylene glycol,
Triethylene glycol, etc. Aromatic polyols have the general formula It can be shown as In the above general formula, A is a divalent group derived from an acyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon, such as an alkylene or alkylidene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, such as methylene, ethylene, dimethylmethylene (isopropylidene). , Ra represents a lower alkyl substituent of 1-3 carbon atoms, and p is 0 or 1 or 2 or 3. Preferably the hydroxyl group is in the ortho or para position. Special examples of R′ groups include ethylene (—CH ₂ —CH ₂
-), alkylene groups containing 2-10 carbon atoms, such as trimethylene, methylethylene, tetramethylene, ethylethylene, pentamethylene, hexamethylene, 2-methylhexamethylene, octamethylene, decamethylene; -CH ₂ - O-CH ₂
―, ―CH ₂ ―CH ₂ ―O―CH ₂ ―CH ₂ ―, ―CH ₂ ―
O-CH ₂ -CH ₂ -, -CH ₂ -CH ₂ -CH ₂ -O-
Alkylene ether groups such as CH ₂ CH ₂ CH ₂ -;
-CH ₂ CH ₂ -O-CH ₂ CH ₂ -O-CH ₂ CH ₂ -, -
CH ₂ CH ₂ CH ₂ ―O― CH ₂ CH ₂ CH ₂ ―O―
Alkylene polyether groups such as CH ₂ CH ₂ CH ₂ -; CH ₂ CH ₂ -O-CO-O-CH ₂ CH ₂ -, -
CH ₂ CH ₂ ―O―CH ₂ CH ₂ ―O―CO―O―CH ₂ CH ₂
alkylene carbonate and alkylene ether carbonate groups such as -O-CH ₂ CH ₂ -; and isopropylidene bis(p-phenyl) i.e. is included. Most commonly, R' is -CH ₂ CH ₂ - or -CH ₂ CH ₂ -O-CH ₂ CH ₂ - or -
CH ₂ CH ₂ -O-CH ₂ CH ₂ -O-CH ₂ CH ₂ -. Specific examples of polyol (allyl carbonate) monomers include ethylene glycol bis(2-chloroallyl carbonate), ethylene glycol bis(allyl carbonate), diethylene glycol bis(2-methallyl carbonate), diethylene glycol bis(allyl carbonate), triethylene glycol bis(allyl carbonate), Ethylene glycol bis(allyl carbonate), propylene glycol bis(2-ethylallyl carbonate), 1,3-propanediol bis(allyl carbonate), 1,3-butanediol bis(allyl carbonate), 1,4-butanediol bis Contains (2-bromoallyl carbonate), dipropylene glycol bis(allyl carbonate), trimethylene glycol bis(2-ethyl allyl carbonate), pentamethylene glycol bis(allyl carbonate), isopropylidene bisphenol bis(allyl carbonate) It can be done. The industrially important polyol bis(allyl carbonate) monomer that can be used in the present invention is Triethylene glycol bis(allyl carbonate) Diethylene glycol bis(allyl carbonate) It is ethylene glycol bis(allyl carbonate). Diethylene glycol bis(allyl carbonate) is preferred. For the process of producing polyol (allyl carbonate) monomers, i.e. by phosgenation of a polyol (or allyl alcohol) and subsequent esterification with allyl alcohol (or polyol), the monomer product is an allyl carbonate monomer. The moiety that attaches the group may include related monomer species containing one or more carbonate groups. These related monomer species are shown in the general formula. In the above general formula, R is as defined above, R _b is a divalent group derived from a diol, such as alkylene or phenylene, and s is 2-
It is an integer of 5. The related monomer species of diethylene glycol bis(allyl carbonate) can be represented by the general formula: In the above general formula, s is an integer of 2-5. The polyol (allyl carbonate) monomer may typically contain 2-20% by weight of related monomer species, such related monomer species being a mixture, i.e., the species denoted by s equal to 2, 3, 4, etc. can exist as a mixture of Additionally, partially polymerized forms of polyol (allyl carbonate) monomers can also be used. In that embodiment, the monomer is thickened by heating or in small amounts, e.g. 0.5-1.5 parts/
Partially polymerized using 100 parts monomer (phm) initiator to give a gel-free, more viscous monomeric material. Polyol (allyl carbonate) monomer or similar names as used herein, e.g. diethylene glycol bis(allyl carbonate)
shall mean and include the named monomer or prepolymer and the related monomer species contained therein. The amount of photochromic compound or composition containing the compound applied to or incorporated into the host material is not critical, and generally depends on the desired color intensity of the composition and the amount of photochromic compound incorporated or incorporated into the host material upon irradiation. It depends on the method used for Typically, the more photochromic compound added, the greater the color intensity. in general,
Such amounts can be described as photochromic amounts. Typically, the amount of photochromic compound incorporated into the host material will be from about 0.01 to about 20% by weight, more usually about 0.05% by weight, based on the weight of the host material.
- in the range of approximately 10% by weight. Stated another way, the amount of photochromic compound used to produce a photochromic effect typically depends on the surface of the host material, regardless of the thickness of the host material article.
The range is from about 1 to about 10 mg of photochromic compound per ¹ in ² . Thus, photochromic compounds are present in high concentrations in thin samples, films or coatings, and in low concentrations in thick samples. Ethanol solutions of the photochromic compounds of this invention are typically colorless or pale yellow or green or blue in color. These solutions rapidly turn purple or blue when exposed to ultraviolet light;
When the UV source is removed, it returns to its original color or colorless state. Such color changes can be repeated many times. The photochromic compounds or compositions used in the present invention can be applied to or incorporated into host materials by methods known in the art. Such methods include dissolving or dispersing the photochromic compound into the host material, imbibation of the photochromic compound into the host material by immersion or thermal transfer or coating, and dissolving or dispersing the photochromic compound into the host material as a separate layer between the phosphorescent host material layers. This includes contamination with photochromic compounds. The term "imbibation" or "imbibe" refers to the diffusion of a photochromic compound alone into a host material, solvent-assisted diffusion, absorption of a photochromic compound into a porous polymer, gas phase transfer, and the like. shall mean and include such transfer mechanisms. For example, (a) a photochromic compound or composition for use in the invention is mixed with a polymerizable composition which, when cured, forms an optically transparent polymeric host material, and the polymerizable composition is formed into a film or sheet or lens; Can be cast,
Alternatively, it can be injection molded or otherwise formed into a sheet or lens. (b) Dissolving or dispersing the photochromic compound for use in the invention in water or alcohol or other solvent or solvent mixture and then leaving the host material in a bath of such solution or dispersion for a period of time ranging from several minutes to several hours, e.g. Can be absorbed into the solid host material by soaking for -3 minutes to 2-3 hours. The bath is usually at a high temperature, usually 50
-120℃ range. The host material is then removed from the bath and dried. (c) The photochromic compounds and compositions are applied to the surface of the host material by conventional methods such as spraying, brushing, spin-coating or dipping from a solution or dispersion of the photochromic compound in the presence of a polymeric binder. Can be applied.
Thereafter, the photochromic compound is absorbed into the host material by heating the host material, for example in a dryer, at a temperature in the range of 80-180° C. for 1 minute to several hours. (d) In one variation of the above absorption method, the photochromic compound or composition is applied onto a temporary support, such as a piece of kraft paper, aluminum foil, polymer film or cloth, and then brought into contact with the host material. It can be left to stand and heated, for example in a dryer. (e) dissolving or dispersing the photochromic compound in a transparent polymeric material and applying it to the surface of the host in the form of an adherent film by any suitable method such as spraying, brushing, spin-coating or dipping; I can do it. (f) Additionally, the photochromic compound can be incorporated or applied to the transparent polymeric material by any of the methods described above and then incorporated into the host material as a separate layer between adjacent layers of the host material. Photochromic compounds for use in the present invention can be synthesized by reacting the corresponding nitrosohydroxyquinoline compound with the corresponding indoline (Fisscher base) or indolium salt (eg, iodide) compound. This 2
The two precursor materials are refluxed in a suitable solvent such as toluene or isopropanol containing a base such as triethylamine until the reaction is complete. The photochromic compound is recovered from the reaction mixture, for example by filtration, and if necessary by recrystallization to obtain a purer product. The invention will now be further illustrated by examples, which are intended to be illustrative only, as numerous variations and modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Example 1 (Method A) A suspension of 5-nitroso-6-quinolinol (1.74 g, 0.01 mol) in 70 ml of toluene was heated to 100-108° C. with stirring. To this heated suspension, 2.01 g of triethylamine (0.02 mol) and 0.5
3.43 g of 1,2,3,5,6-pentamethyl-3-ethylindolium iodide (0.01 mol) suspended in 40 ml of toluene containing 1 ml of ethanol.
was added gradually over 15 minutes. The flask containing the indolium iodide was washed with 30 ml of toluene and the toluene wash was added to the reactor. After refluxing the mixture in the reactor for 4 hours, the reaction mixture was decanted and evaporated to near dryness. A mixture of a dark green gum and a small amount of crystalline material was obtained. The nearly dry mixture was soaked with 7-8 ml of fresh toluene, filtered, and washed twice with 4 ml of toluene. Combine the filtrate and washing liquid,
Evaporated. The crystalline material gradually turned into a gum over the course of 5 days. The thick gum was soaked with 2-3 ml of ethanol, filtered, washed with ethanol, and air dried. A yellow-green powder (0.81 g) was obtained. Combine the filtrate and washings, evaporate, and
0.2g of green crystalline material was obtained which was combined with the first crystalline product. The combined crude product was recrystallized from an acetone:n-hexanol mixture (2:3 v/v). 0.76 g of yellow-green microcrystalline powder was obtained. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and elemental analysis revealed that it was 1,3,5,6-tetramethyl-3-ethylspiro[indoline-2,3'[3H]pyrido[3,2-f][ 1,4] benzoxazine]. Elemental analysis of a sample of the product from the same reaction components but from a different production revealed that carbon 77.45
% by weight, 6.88% by weight of hydrogen, and 11.11% by weight of nitrogen. These values are almost in agreement with the theoretical values of 77.60% by weight of carbon, 6.78% by weight of hydrogen, and 11.31% by weight of nitrogen. (Method B) 5-nitroso6 in 30ml isopropanol
-A suspension of quinolinol (0.73 g, 0.0042 mol) was heated to reflux temperature. Add 0.85g to this suspension.
1.44 g (0.0042 mol) of 1,2,3,5,6-pentamethyl-3-ethylindolium iodide dissolved in 35 ml of isopropanol containing (0.0085 mol) of triethylamine was slowly added over 15 minutes. did. The resulting blue reaction mixture was
After refluxing for an hour, it was allowed to cool to room temperature. The blue solution was allowed to evaporate overnight, forming crystals within the nearly dry solution. The crystals are filtered and approx.
After washing with ml of isopropanol and air drying, a dark olive green powder (1.32 g) was obtained. This powder
It was added to 120 ml of boiling n-hexane and the undissolved powder was removed by filtration. Activated carbon (1.5
g) was added, stirred for several minutes, and then filtered. After removing the activated carbon, the volume of the filtrate was reduced to about 40 ml, and when it was left in the refrigerator overnight, yellow crystals were precipitated.
After decantation, this yellow crystal is used as a new n-
After washing with hexane, it was air-dried. The dried crystals (0.46 g) were determined by NMR to be 1,3,5,6-tetramethyl-3-ethylspiro[indoline-
It was identified as 2,3'[3H]pyrido[3,2-f][1,4]benzoxazine]. Example 2-9 Other photochromic compounds within the general formula were combined with 5-nitroso-6-quinolinol and other indolines or indolium iodides having substituents listed in Table 1 using toluene as a solvent. It was produced by reacting. When indolium iodide was used, triethylamine was also used as described in Example 1. The reaction products were purified by various conventional purification methods as exemplified in Example 1 and other examples illustrating the preparation of photochromic compounds of the invention.

[Table] Ethanol solutions of each compound in Examples 1-9 are as follows:
It turned blue when exposed to ultraviolet light at room temperature. These solutions returned to their original hue or colorless after the UV light was removed. Example 10 A suspension of 5-nitroso-6-quinolinol (1.05 g, 0.006 mol) in 30 ml of toluene was heated to reflux temperature with stirring. To this heated solution was added slowly over 20 minutes 1.37 g of 1-butyl-3-methyl-3-ethyl-2-methyleneindoline (0.006 mol) dissolved in 20 ml of toluene. After refluxing the mixture in the reactor for 3 hours, the reaction mixture was transferred to an evaporating dish and evaporated to near dryness. This almost dry mixture was soaked with 7 ml of fresh toluene, filtered and
Washed twice with 3 ml of toluene. The filtrate and washings were combined and evaporated to give a viscous dark blue gum.
The resulting gum paste was redissolved in about 20 ml of diethyl ether, filtered and the filtrate was evaporated in a hood. When one drop of this ether solution was diluted with ethanol and irradiated with ultraviolet light for about 30 seconds at room temperature, the solution turned blue. This blue color disappeared after about 5 minutes when the UV light was removed. The gum paste obtained by evaporating the ether solution was dried in a vacuum desiccator for several days. This dry paste was dissolved in 10 ml of toluene, dried over 5.6 g of sodium sulfate, filtered and washed with 3 ml of toluene. The filtrate and washings were combined and evaporated in a hood to give a dark blue paste. Example 11 1 part of the photochromic compound of Examples 1-10 was added to 10
Commercially available latscar (3M latscar No. 2253) and 10
The solution was added to a spray lacquer solution of 1 part toluene and 10 parts methyl ethyl ketone. This lacquer solution was prepared from diethylene glycol bis(allyl carbonate).
It was sprayed onto the surface of a (1 inch) x 2 mm thick polymer coupon. After drying, the coated coupons were heated in an air dryer at 160° C. for 20 minutes. After cooling, the remaining lacquer was removed with adhesive tape and the surface was cleaned with a cloth moistened with acetone. The photochromic sensitivity of this photochromic tablet to activation by artificial sunlight was tested. The results are shown in Table 2.

【table】

[Table] Example 12 Photochromic compounds of the prior art were prepared in Example 11.
Coupons made from diethylene glycol bis(allyl carbonate) were coated in the same manner as described. The photochromic sensitivities of these articles are shown in Table 3 in comparison to articles from Examples 2, 3, and 4. These photochromic compounds can be represented by the general formula below. In the above general formula, R ₄ , R ₅ , R ₆ and X are listed in Table 3.

Table Example 13 A suspension of 5-nitroso-6-quinolinol (0.52 g, 0.003 mol) in 20 ml of toluene was heated to about 100° C. with stirring. To this heated suspension was added 0.60 g of triethylamine (0.006 mol).
1.75 g suspended in 20 ml toluene containing
(0.003 mol) of 1,2-dimethyl-3,3 iodide
-Bis(p-methoxyphenyl)indolium was added gradually over about 20 minutes. The mixture in the reactor was kept at about 100°C for 2.5 hours and the extent of the reaction was monitored by thin layer chromatography (TLC). The reaction was almost complete after 1 hour. at about 100℃
After 2.5 hours, an additional 0.17 g (0.001 mole) of 5-nitroso-6-quinolinol was added to the reactor, but even after 2 hours at about 100° C., complete reaction of the indolium iodide reactant was not achieved. separating the solids in the reaction mixture by decantation;
The remaining liquid was evaporated to near dryness. Olive green crystals formed in this almost dry paste. This almost dry product was soaked with 7 ml of fresh toluene, filtered and
It was gradually washed with 3 ml of toluene. A large amount of crystalline powder product did not dissolve in toluene. This insoluble crystalline powder was washed with ethanol and air-dried to obtain an olive green powder (0.79 g). A sample of this powder was dissolved in ethanol and irradiated with ultraviolet light (366 nm) to approx.
Irradiated for 30 seconds. The solution turned from light green to blue and returned to light green when the UV light was removed. Example 14 A suspension of 5-nitroso-6-quinolinol (1.39 g, 0.008 mol) in 35 ml of toluene was heated to about 100° C. with stirring. To this heated suspension was added 2.95 g of 1,2,5,6-tetramethyl-3,3-spiro(cyclohexyl iodide) suspended in 35 ml of toluene containing 1.6 g of triethylamine (0.016 mol). ) - [3H] Indolium
Add gradually over 20-30 minutes. The progress of the reaction was checked by TLC. The mixture in the reactor is approx.
After being kept at 100° C. for 3 hours, the reaction mixture (dark brown solution) was evaporated to near dryness. The resulting paste was soaked in 6 ml of fresh toluene for several minutes, filtered to remove insoluble matter, and the resulting solid was
ml of toluene. Combine the filtrate and washing liquid,
Evaporation gave a dark brown paste (2.07g). A small amount (approximately 1 mg) of this paste was dissolved in approximately 2-3 ml of ethanol and the resulting solution was exposed to ultraviolet light (366 nm) at room temperature. The solution turns pale blue;
After the ultraviolet light source was removed, the original color returned to its original color in about 2 minutes. Example 15 Following the procedure of Example 14, 1.22 g (0.007 mol) of 5-nitroso-6-quinolinol was added to 60 ml of
1.70 g (0.007 mol) of 1-allyl-3,5,6-trimethyl-3-ethyl-2- in toluene
It was reacted with methylene indoline at about 100°C for about 3 hours. The reaction mixture was evaporated to near dryness and the resulting paste was soaked in 6 ml of toluene for several minutes and then filtered. Insoluble matter was washed with 2 ml of toluene. The filtrate and washings were combined and evaporated to give a dark (greenish) brown paste (2.49g). A small amount of this paste was dissolved in 2-3 ml of ethanol and the resulting pale yellow solution was exposed to UV light (366 nm). The solution turned green and returned to its original color in about 1-2 minutes after the UV light source was removed. Example 16 Following the procedure of Example 14, in 40 ml of toluene
A suspension of 1.74 g (0.01 mol) of 5-nitroso-6-quinolinol in 40 ml of toluene containing 2 g (0.02 mol) of toluene
1,3-diethyl-2,3,5, iodide (mol)
It was reacted with 6-tetramethylindolium. 3
After reaction time, a dark blue-green solution was obtained, which was evaporated to almost dryness. The resulting paste was soaked in 6 ml of toluene for several minutes and filtered. The resulting solid was washed with 2 ml of toluene, and the washings were combined with the filtrate. The resulting dark solution was evaporated to yield 3.28 g of dark green paste. A small amount of this paste was tested for photochromicity using the method of Example 14. The paste was pale green in ethanol solution, but turned deep blue when exposed to ultraviolet light. The solution returned to a light green color in about 3-4 minutes after removal of the UV light. Example 17 Following the procedure of Example 14, 1.74 g (0.01 mole)
of 5-nitroso-6-quinolinol and 2.57 g of 1
-butyl-2-ethyl-3,5,6-trimethyl-2-methyleneindoline was refluxed in 70 ml of toluene for 3 hours. The resulting product was a dark blue paste. A small ethanol solution of this paste was pale to deep blue in color, but turned sky blue upon UV exposure. The solution returned to its original color after about 5 minutes when the UV light was removed. Example 18 Following the procedure of Example 14, 1.22 g of 5-nitroso-6-quinolinol was suspended in 50 ml of hot toluene. To this suspension, 1.70 g of 1-butyl-3,3,5,6-tetramethyl-2-methyleneindoline diluted with 20 ml of toluene was slowly added over about 10 minutes. The resulting mixture was refluxed for 3 hours. The resulting ethanol solution of the product turned dark blue upon exposure to UV light and returned to its original color after approximately 4-5 minutes when the UV light was removed. The above operation was repeated using isopropanol as the solvent. The product was a very dark green paste. Example 19 2.04 g (0.007 mol) of Fischer base 1-
The procedure of Example 18 was followed except that benzyl-2,5,6-trimethyl-3-ethyl-2-methyleneindoline was used. The ethanolic solution of the product obtained is light green in color, which changes to a medium blue color upon exposure to UV light and about 3-4% when UV light is removed.
After a few minutes, it returned to its original hue. Example 20 To a suspension of 0.89 g (0.005 mol) of 5-nitroso-6-quinolinol in boiling isopropanol, 1.32 g dissolved in 25 ml of isopropanol
(0.005 mol) of 1,3,5,6-tetramethyl-
3-Phenyl-2-methyleneindoline was added slowly and the reaction mixture was refluxed for 1 hour. The resulting dark blue reaction solution was evaporated overnight to yield a dark blue (almost black) colored gum. Further evaporation produced a hard cake and considerable decomposition. After chromatography of this gum on a thin layer chromatography plate, the photochromicity of the product was confirmed in a silica gel matrix. A summary of the compounds of Examples 17-20 is shown in Table 4.

[Table] Although the present invention has been described in particular detail with respect to several embodiments thereof, such details do not exceed the scope of the present invention except that they are included within the scope of the claims and to the extent that they are included. It should not be seen as limiting.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. The following general formula [In the above general formula, (a) R ₁ is selected from the group consisting of C ₁ -C ₈ alkyl, phenyl, phenyl (C ₁ -C ₄ ) alkyl, allyl, and mono- and di-substituted phenyl, and the substituent is selected from C _{1 -C 4} alkyl and C 1 -C ₅ alkoxy; (b) R ₂ and R ₃ are each C ₁ -C ₅ alkyl, phenyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, and C ₁
- selected from the group consisting of C ₅ alkoxymono and disubstituted phenyl, benzyl, or from the group consisting of cycloaliphatic rings containing 6-8 carbon atoms (including spiro carbon atoms), norbornyl, adamantyl, combined (c) R ₄ and R ₅ are each hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₅ alkyl, halogen, C ₁ -C ₅ alkoxy, nitro, cyano, C ₁ -C ₈ alkoxy; A solid transparent polymeric organic host material containing a photochromic amount of a photochromic compound selected from the group consisting of carbonyl. 2 The transparent host material is essentially a polymer of polyol (allyl carbonate), a copolymer of polyol (allyl carbonate) and vinyl acetate, polyacrylate, poly(alkyl acrylate), cellulose acetate, cellulose triacetate, propionic acid acetate. Claims selected from the group consisting of cellulose, cellulose acetate butyrate, poly(vinyl acetate), poly(vinyl alcohol), polycarbonate, polystyrene, poly(styrene-methyl methacrylate) copolymer, poly(styrene-acrylonitrile) copolymer, polyvinyl butyral The material described in item 1 of the scope. 3. The material of claim 2, wherein the transparent host material is selected from poly[diethylene glycol bis(allyl carbonate)] and its copolymer with vinyl acetate. 4 Photochromic compounds have the general formula [In the above general formula, (a) R ₁ is selected from the group consisting of C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, allyl phenyl, and benzyl, (b) R ₂ and R ₃ are each selected from C ₁ -C ₅ alkyl, (c) each of R ₄ and R ₅ is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₂ alkyl, chlorine, bromine, and C ₁ -C ₅ alkoxy]. . 5 General formula [In the above general formula, (a) R ₁ is selected from the group consisting of C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, phenyl, and benzyl, (b) each of R ₂ and R ₃ is selected from C ₁ -C ₅ alkyl, (c) a polycarbonate containing a photochromic amount of a photochromic compound represented by R ₄ and R ₅ each selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₂ alkyl, chlorine, bromine, C ₁ -C ₅ alkoxy; Polymers of polyols (allyl carbonate), copolymers of polyols (allyl carbonate) and vinyl acetate, polymethyl methacrylate, cellulose acetate, cellulose propionate, cellulose butyrate, cellulose acetate butyrate, polystyrene, poly(styrene-methyl methacrylate) copolymers ,
A material according to claim 1 selected from the group consisting of poly(styrene-acrylonitrile) copolymers. 6. Material according to claim 5, in which the photochromic compound is present in an amount of 0.05-10% by weight. 7. Claim 6, wherein the host material is selected from poly[diethylene glycol bis(allyl carbonate) and its copolymer with vinyl acetate.
Materials listed in section. 8. The material of claim 7, wherein R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₄ , R ₅ are methyl and R ₃ is selected from methyl and ethyl. 9 Copolymer is diethylene glycol bis(allyl carbonate) 80-90% and vinyl acetate 10-20%
8. A material according to claim 7, which is a copolymer with %.