JPS6148964B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPS6148964B2
JPS6148964B2 JP55172332A JP17233280A JPS6148964B2 JP S6148964 B2 JPS6148964 B2 JP S6148964B2 JP 55172332 A JP55172332 A JP 55172332A JP 17233280 A JP17233280 A JP 17233280A JP S6148964 B2 JPS6148964 B2 JP S6148964B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
membrane
polysulfone
solution
parts
permeation rate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP55172332A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS5794310A (en
Inventor
Zenjiro Honda
Hitoshi Tsugatani
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Daicel Corp
Original Assignee
Daicel Chemical Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daicel Chemical Industries Ltd filed Critical Daicel Chemical Industries Ltd
Priority to JP55172332A priority Critical patent/JPS5794310A/en
Publication of JPS5794310A publication Critical patent/JPS5794310A/en
Publication of JPS6148964B2 publication Critical patent/JPS6148964B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明は、過効率にすぐれ、しかも透水速度
の大きい芳香族ポリスルホン半透膜を製造する方
法に関する。 従来、半透膜に使用される素材として種々のも
のが提案されているが、中でも過性能にすぐれ
た膜の材料としてセルロースアセテートが著名で
ある。しかし、セルロースアセテート製半透膜は
物理的、化学的性能に若干の欠点を有しており、
用途によつては必ずしも好適とは云い難いものが
ある。特に透析型あるいは過型人工腎臓におけ
る血液処理用半透膜として用いる場合、セルロー
スアセテート製半透膜は、蒸気滅菌が適用でき
ず、薬品による滅菌処理によらざるをえないた
め、患者に対し使用するに先立つて入念な洗滌を
必要とする。また、膜は一般に湿潤状態で保存し
なければならないため、取扱いに不便である。 これに対し、芳香族ポリスルホン製半透膜は蒸
気滅菌処理が適用でき、各種薬局に対する抵抗性
が大である。また、乾燥状態で保存できる膜が作
製できるので、血液処理用をはじめ、医用機器に
対する適用性が大きい。 高分子物質から半透膜を製造するには、これれ
良溶媒に溶解し、非不着性基盤(例えばガラス
板)や支持体(例えば不織布)上に流延し、溶媒
の一部を蒸発させた後に凝固浴に浸漬し、基盤か
ら遊離した単体膜、又は支持体と結合した膜とし
て回収する方法が一般に用いられている。 ポリスルホンが物理的、化学的にすぐれた性質
を有しているにも拘らず、半透膜としてこれまで
余り利用されていなかつたのは、ポリスルホンの
分子間凝集力が大きすぎ、流延凝固の段階で適当
な大きさと均一性をもつ微小な孔を形成させるの
が困難なことによる。従つて、孔形成を制御する
手段として、流延溶液には良溶媒に加えて、非溶
剤や不揮発性の塩類などを混入する方法がとられ
る。例えば、非溶剤として特開昭51−42765には
アルコール類、特開昭54−26283にはポリエチレ
ングリコールなどが用いられ、塩類として特開昭
54−16378には酢酸ソーダ、特公昭52−29712には
塩化亜鉛の使用が示されている。 しかしながら、ポリスルホン膜の流延において
は、これら非溶剤、塩類などの使用は、その量が
過少であると透過性に乏しい膜しか得られず、そ
の量が過大であると強度・均一性などの物性に劣
る膜が得られる傾向にあり、適当とされる範囲で
も再現性に乏しい方法を与える。 これに対し本発明者らは、芳香族ポリスルホン
の良溶媒であるN−メチルピロリドン又は/およ
び2−ピロリドンを主な溶媒とし、主溶媒に比
し、ポリスルホンに対する溶解度は低いが混和性
の良い溶剤である。スルホラン補助溶剤として混
合使用することにより、良好な性能の膜を再現性
良く製造できることを見出し、本発明に到達し
た。 本発明において、流延溶媒中のスルホランの量
は15〜55重量%の範囲が適当であるが、5〜70重
量%の範囲で使用しても差支えない。 また、本発明の方法が適用される芳香族ポリス
ルホンは、例えばスルホン酸基のような解離性基
を側鎖に有しない直鎖状の構造を有するポリマー
である。以下に実施例をあげ、本発明を説明す
る。 実施例 1
The present invention relates to a method for producing an aromatic polysulfone semipermeable membrane with excellent permeability and high water permeation rate. Conventionally, various materials have been proposed for use in semipermeable membranes, and among them, cellulose acetate is well-known as a membrane material with excellent permeability. However, semipermeable membranes made of cellulose acetate have some drawbacks in physical and chemical performance.
Depending on the application, it may not necessarily be suitable. In particular, when used as a semipermeable membrane for blood treatment in a dialysis-type or hypertype artificial kidney, cellulose acetate semipermeable membranes cannot be sterilized by steam and must be sterilized using chemicals, so they cannot be used on patients. It requires careful cleaning before use. Additionally, membranes generally must be stored in a wet state, making them inconvenient to handle. On the other hand, semipermeable membranes made of aromatic polysulfone can be subjected to steam sterilization and are highly resistant to various pharmacies. Furthermore, since a membrane that can be stored in a dry state can be produced, it has great applicability to medical equipment including blood processing. To produce a semipermeable membrane from a polymeric material, it is dissolved in a suitable solvent, cast onto a non-stick substrate (e.g. glass plate) or support (e.g. non-woven fabric), and a portion of the solvent is evaporated. Generally used is a method in which the membrane is then immersed in a coagulation bath and recovered as a single membrane released from the substrate or as a membrane bonded to a support. Although polysulfone has excellent physical and chemical properties, it has not been widely used as a semipermeable membrane until now because the intermolecular cohesive force of polysulfone is too large, making casting and solidification difficult. This is because it is difficult to form micropores with appropriate size and uniformity in a stepwise manner. Therefore, as a means of controlling pore formation, a method is used in which a non-solvent, non-volatile salts, etc. are mixed in the casting solution in addition to a good solvent. For example, as a non-solvent, alcohols were used in JP-A-51-42765, polyethylene glycol was used in JP-A-54-26283, and salts were used in JP-A-54-26283.
54-16378 shows the use of sodium acetate, and Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-29712 shows the use of zinc chloride. However, in the casting of polysulfone membranes, if the amount of these non-solvents and salts is too small, a membrane with poor permeability will be obtained, and if the amount is too large, the strength and uniformity will deteriorate. This method tends to result in films with poor physical properties and provides a method with poor reproducibility even within the appropriate range. In contrast, the present inventors used N-methylpyrrolidone and/or 2-pyrrolidone, which are good solvents for aromatic polysulfone, as the main solvent, and used N-methylpyrrolidone and/or 2-pyrrolidone, which are good solvents for aromatic polysulfone, as a solvent that has lower solubility for polysulfone than the main solvent but has good miscibility. It is. It has been discovered that membranes with good performance can be produced with good reproducibility by mixing and using sulfolane as a co-solvent, and the present invention has been achieved. In the present invention, the amount of sulfolane in the casting solvent is suitably in the range of 15 to 55% by weight, but may be used in the range of 5 to 70% by weight. Further, the aromatic polysulfone to which the method of the present invention is applied is a polymer having a linear structure that does not have a dissociative group such as a sulfonic acid group in a side chain. The present invention will be explained below with reference to Examples. Example 1

【式】で示す繰返し単位 からなるポリスルホン樹脂(ICI社製、商品名:
VictrexP300p)14部を、N−メチピロリドン
40部およびスルホラン46部よりなる混合溶液に溶
かし、室温で24時間以上静置することにより脱泡
し、均一な溶液を得た。 この溶液を水平におかれた表面平滑なガラス板
上に150μの間隙を有するドクターブレードを用
いて4cm/秒の速度で流延し、20℃、60%RHの
室内に30秒間放置した後、ガラス板とともに水中
に浸漬した。ガラス板上のポリマーはゲル化する
とともに、膜状でガラス板より自然に剥離したの
で、これを回収した。この膜に対し、循環式平膜
限外過装置(有効膜面積25cm2)を用い、供給液
温度25℃、供給液量125ml/分、加圧0.5Kg/cm2
条件で過性能を測定した。供給液として純水を
用いたときの透水速度は5800ml/(分・m2
(Kg/cm2))であつた。また、卵白アルブミン溶液
(和光純薬製卵白アルブミンを1/15−Mリン酸緩
衝溶液(PH7.0)に対し2000ppm濃度となるよう
に溶解したもの)を供給液としたときは、透水速
度1020ml/(分・m2・(Kg/cm2))、溶質透過率は
1.0%であつた。 なお、供給液及び透過液中のアルブミン濃度は
ゲルパーミエーシヨンクロマトグラフイーの分子
量4.5万に対応するピーク面積より求めた。 比較例 1 流延溶媒としてN−メチルピロリドンの単独溶
媒86部を用いたほかは、実施例1と同じ方法を用
いてポリスルホン膜を作成し、性能を測定した。
純水の透水速度は980ml/(分・m2・(Kg/cm2)で
あり、その値は実施例1のの膜の約1/6であつ
た。 実施例 2 実施例1のポリスルホン樹脂と同じ構造を有す
るが、分子量の異なる樹脂(ICI社製、商品名:
VictrexP200p)17部を、N−メチルピロリド
ン68部およびスルホラン15部よりなる混合溶液に
溶かし、室温で24時間以上静置して均一な溶液を
得た。この溶液をポリエステル繊維不織布(日本
バイリーン社製、MF−180)上に250μの間隙を
有するドクターブレードを用いて流延し、室内に
30秒放置した後、水中に浸漬し、ポリエステル不
織布を支持体とするポリスルホン膜を得た。 この支持体付き膜の性能を実施例1と同様の方
法で測定した。純水の透水速度は4390ml/(分・
m2・(Kg/cm2)であり、卵白アルブミン2000ppm
溶液における透水速度1420ml/(分・m2・(Kg/
cm2))、溶質透過率は0.47%であつた。 実施例 3 実施例1に用いたものと同じポリスルホン樹脂
(Victrex300p)14部を、2−ピロリドン40部お
よびスルホラン46部よりなる混合溶媒に溶解し、
均一なポリマー溶液を得た。(東レ株式会社製
タフタ#230)上に150μの間隙を有するドクター
ブレードを用いて流延し、室内に30秒放置した
後、水中に浸漬し、ポリエステル繊維織物を支持
体とするポリスルホン膜を得た。 この支持体付き膜の性能を実施例1と同様の方
法で測定した。純水の透水速度は5300ml/(分・
m2・(Kg/cm2)であつた。また、卵白アルブミン
2000ppm溶液における透水速度は1290ml/
(分・m2・(Kg/cm2)、溶質透過率は0.48%であつ
た。 実施例 4 で示す繰返し単位からなるポリスルホン樹脂
(UCC社製、商品名UdelP1700)14部をN−メ
チルピロリドン41部およびスルホラン45部よりな
る混合溶液に溶解し、均一なポリマー溶液を得
た。このポリマー溶液から実施例3の方法と同様
の方法によりポリエステル繊維織物を支持体とす
るポリスルホン膜を得た。この膜の性能を実施例
1と同様の方法で測定した。 純水の透水速度は1730ml/(分・m2・(Kg/
cm2))であり、卵白アルブミン2000ppm溶液にお
ける透水速度1480ml/(分・m2・(Kg/cm2))、溶
質透過率2.54%であつた。 実施例 5 実施例4に用いたと同じポリスルホン樹脂
(Udelp1700)17部をN−メチルピロリドン68
部およびスルホラン15部よりなる混合溶液に溶解
し、均一なポリマー溶液を得た。このポリマー溶
液から実施例3と同様の方法によりポリエステル
繊維不織布を支持体とするポリスルホン膜を得
た。 この膜の性能を実施例1と同様の方法で測定し
た。純水の透水速度は6510ml/(分・m2・(Kg/
cm2))であり、卵白アルブミン2000pppm水溶液
における透水速度は1500ml/(分・m2・(Kg/
cm2))、溶質透過率は0.58%であつた。
Polysulfone resin (manufactured by ICI, product name:
Victrex P300p) 14 parts, N-methipyrrolidone
It was dissolved in a mixed solution consisting of 40 parts of sulfolane and 46 parts of sulfolane, and left to stand at room temperature for 24 hours or more to defoam and obtain a homogeneous solution. This solution was cast on a horizontally placed glass plate with a smooth surface at a speed of 4 cm/sec using a doctor blade with a gap of 150 μ, and after being left in a room at 20°C and 60% RH for 30 seconds, It was immersed in water along with the glass plate. The polymer on the glass plate turned into a gel and was naturally peeled off from the glass plate in the form of a film, which was collected. The excess performance of this membrane was measured using a circulating flat membrane ultrafiltration device (effective membrane area 25 cm 2 ) under the conditions of a feed liquid temperature of 25°C, a feed liquid volume of 125 ml/min, and a pressurization of 0.5 Kg/cm 2 did. When using pure water as the feed liquid, the water permeation rate is 5800ml/(min・m 2
(Kg/cm 2 )). In addition, when the ovalbumin solution (Wako Pure Chemical's ovalbumin dissolved in 1/15-M phosphate buffer solution (PH7.0) to a concentration of 2000 ppm) was used as the feed solution, the water permeation rate was 1020 ml. /(min・m 2・(Kg/cm 2 )), solute permeability is
It was 1.0%. The albumin concentrations in the feed solution and permeate were determined from the peak area corresponding to a molecular weight of 45,000 in gel permeation chromatography. Comparative Example 1 A polysulfone membrane was prepared using the same method as in Example 1, except that 86 parts of N-methylpyrrolidone alone was used as the casting solvent, and its performance was measured.
The water permeation rate of pure water was 980 ml/(min・m 2・(Kg/cm 2 )), which was about 1/6 of that of the membrane of Example 1. Example 2 Polysulfone resin of Example 1 A resin with the same structure but a different molecular weight (manufactured by ICI, product name:
Victrex P200p) (17 parts) was dissolved in a mixed solution consisting of 68 parts of N-methylpyrrolidone and 15 parts of sulfolane, and allowed to stand at room temperature for 24 hours or more to obtain a homogeneous solution. This solution was cast onto a polyester fiber nonwoven fabric (MF-180, manufactured by Nippon Vilene Co., Ltd.) using a doctor blade with a gap of 250μ, and then placed indoors.
After being left for 30 seconds, it was immersed in water to obtain a polysulfone membrane having a polyester nonwoven fabric as a support. The performance of this supported membrane was measured in the same manner as in Example 1. The water permeation rate of pure water is 4390ml/(min.
m2・(Kg/ cm2 ) and ovalbumin 2000ppm
Water permeation rate in solution 1420ml/(min・m2・(Kg/
cm 2 )), and the solute permeability was 0.47%. Example 3 14 parts of the same polysulfone resin (Victrex 300p) used in Example 1 was dissolved in a mixed solvent consisting of 40 parts of 2-pyrrolidone and 46 parts of sulfolane,
A homogeneous polymer solution was obtained. (Manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.
The mixture was cast onto taffeta #230 using a doctor blade with a gap of 150 μm, left indoors for 30 seconds, and then immersed in water to obtain a polysulfone membrane using a polyester fiber fabric as a support. The performance of this supported membrane was measured in the same manner as in Example 1. The water permeation rate of pure water is 5300ml/(min.
m2・(Kg/ cm2 ). Also, ovalbumin
Water permeation rate in 2000ppm solution is 1290ml/
(min・m 2・(Kg/cm 2 ), solute permeability was 0.48%. Example 4 14 parts of a polysulfone resin (manufactured by UCC, trade name: UdelP1700) consisting of repeating units represented by is dissolved in a mixed solution consisting of 41 parts of N-methylpyrrolidone and 45 parts of sulfolane to obtain a uniform polymer solution. A polysulfone membrane having a polyester fiber fabric as a support was obtained from this polymer solution in the same manner as in Example 3. The performance of this membrane was measured in the same manner as in Example 1. The water permeation rate of pure water is 1730ml/(min・m2・(Kg/
cm 2 )), the water permeation rate in a 2000 ppm ovalbumin solution was 1480 ml/(min·m 2 ·(Kg/cm 2 )), and the solute permeation rate was 2.54%. Example 5 17 parts of the same polysulfone resin (Udelp1700) used in Example 4 was mixed with 68 parts of N-methylpyrrolidone.
and 15 parts of sulfolane to obtain a homogeneous polymer solution. A polysulfone membrane having a polyester fiber nonwoven fabric as a support was obtained from this polymer solution in the same manner as in Example 3. The performance of this membrane was measured in the same manner as in Example 1. The water permeation rate of pure water is 6510ml/(min・m2・(Kg/
cm 2 )), and the water permeation rate in a 2000ppm aqueous solution of ovalbumin is 1500ml/(min・m 2・(Kg/
cm 2 )), and the solute permeability was 0.58%.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 解離性側鎖を有しない芳香族ポリスルホンか
らなる半透膜の製造方法において、流延溶媒とし
て95〜35重量%のN−メチルピロリドン及び/又
は2−ピロリドンと、5〜70重量%のスルホラン
との混合物を用い、凝固浴として水を用いること
を特徴とする半透膜の製法。 2 芳香族ポリスルホンが の繰返し単位で示される重合体か、又は の繰返し単位で示される重合体である特許請求範
囲第1項記載の半透膜の製法。
[Claims] 1. A method for producing a semipermeable membrane made of aromatic polysulfone having no dissociable side chains, comprising: 95 to 35% by weight of N-methylpyrrolidone and/or 2-pyrrolidone as a casting solvent; A method for producing a semipermeable membrane, characterized in that a mixture with ~70% by weight of sulfolane is used and water is used as a coagulation bath. 2 Aromatic polysulfone a polymer having repeating units of or A method for producing a semipermeable membrane according to claim 1, which is a polymer represented by repeating units of .
JP55172332A 1980-12-05 1980-12-05 Production of semipermeable membrane made of polysulfone Granted JPS5794310A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP55172332A JPS5794310A (en) 1980-12-05 1980-12-05 Production of semipermeable membrane made of polysulfone

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP55172332A JPS5794310A (en) 1980-12-05 1980-12-05 Production of semipermeable membrane made of polysulfone

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS5794310A JPS5794310A (en) 1982-06-11
JPS6148964B2 true JPS6148964B2 (en) 1986-10-27

Family

ID=15939933

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP55172332A Granted JPS5794310A (en) 1980-12-05 1980-12-05 Production of semipermeable membrane made of polysulfone

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS5794310A (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5987007A (en) * 1982-11-09 1984-05-19 Daicel Chem Ind Ltd Preparation of semi-permeable membrane made of polysulfone resin
JPS5995904A (en) * 1982-11-24 1984-06-02 Daicel Chem Ind Ltd Production of semipermeable membrane of polysulfone resin
DE3342824A1 (en) * 1983-11-26 1985-06-05 Seitz-Filter-Werke Theo & Geo Seitz GmbH und Co, 6550 Bad Kreuznach METHOD FOR PRODUCING FILTER ELEMENTS BASED ON POLYSULPHONE
IL130129A0 (en) * 1996-12-31 2000-06-01 Althin Medical Inc Polysulfone semipermeable membranes and methods for making the same
US6218441B1 (en) 1997-09-18 2001-04-17 Timothy B. Meluch Melt-spun polysulfone semipermeable membranes and methods for making the same
US7144505B2 (en) 1997-09-18 2006-12-05 Baxter International Inc. Melt-spun polysulfone semipermeable membranes and methods for making the same
CN108137931B (en) * 2015-10-16 2021-06-08 住友化学株式会社 Resin solution composition

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5426283A (en) * 1977-08-01 1979-02-27 Mitsui Petrochem Ind Ltd Preparation of semipermeable membrane of polysulfone

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5426283A (en) * 1977-08-01 1979-02-27 Mitsui Petrochem Ind Ltd Preparation of semipermeable membrane of polysulfone

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5794310A (en) 1982-06-11

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