JPS6147066B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to electrical equipment, and more particularly to cryogenic cooling equipment, including electric motors and generators, which have application in nuclear and thermal power plants, and also in transportation and aviation applications. Regarding electrical equipment.
Other applications relate to space power devices and devices in which rotatable elements, such as the electrical windings of superconducting rotating pulse energy storage devices, are maintained at conditions determined by cryogenic cooling.

There is a wide variety of electrical equipment in which rotatable electrical windings are cooled to cryogenic temperatures. These electrical devices are improved as follows. First, experts seek to achieve a reduction in the power required for cryogenic cooling, thus obtaining maximum efficiency of the equipment. Second, efforts are made to increase the overall reliability of the equipment, which typically decreases when used in conjunction with cryogenic equipment that is not intended for special purpose equipment.

However, it can be said that the improvement according to the first method concerns an improvement that deals with an increase in the reliability of the operation of the equipment at the same power consumption, since the amount of power saved is in the second case superconducting windings. This is because it can be used to lower the temperature of

Physically, cryogenic cooling of the rotor windings involves cooling the windings themselves and the central cylindrical part of the rotor in which the windings are fixed, by cooling the central part of the rotor. cooling the two reducer portions of the rotor which serve to fixedly couple the rotor with a neck portion rotatably mounted in the bearing, and cooling power conductors and thermal or electromagnetic shielding. This is an intermediate step.

In cryogenically cooled electrical equipment known in the art (see article by T. E. Lascaris, Cryogenic Engineering, April 1977, Vol. 17, No. 4), the entire cryogenic device is external to the rotor. A coolant located at a temperature as low as possible is introduced into the rotor via a coolant supply duct and is used to cool the rotor elements to a temperature different from the optimum temperature. Coolant is discharged via one or two coolant discharge ducts.

A more optimal cooling system defined in terms of power consumption and thus providing maximum efficiency of the equipment is:
It is a device by which optimal cooling of each of the above-mentioned elements of the rotor is achieved. This means that the coolant passing through the cooling ducts of each element must be consumed independently at the optimum temperature for that element. If the cryogen and rotor are installed separately from each other, coolant must be supplied to and recovered from the rotor through multiple ducts. For example, the four rotor elements mentioned above must be independently fed by four supply ducts and four discharge ducts.

Such designs are complex and difficult to assemble. Electrical equipment with more convenient cryogenic cooling is known in the art (UK Patent No. 1320342).
In this equipment, a part of the cryogenic device is placed inside the cavity of the rotor to provide near-optimal cooling, and in this equipment, a part of the cryogenic device is placed in the cavity of the rotor to provide coolant to the rotor. One duct is used and another duct is used to recover coolant from the rotor.

In the device described above, the rotor comprises a superconducting winding with a cooling duct whose inlet and outlet are respectively a first outlet and a first outlet of a heat exchanger disposed within the rotor cavity. an inlet of the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger having a second inlet and a second outlet;
each coupled to a tube for supplying coolant to the rotor and a tube for recovering coolant from the rotor, the rotor also having a thermal or electromagnetic shield located radially from the superconducting windings. at least one cooling duct, the inlet and outlet of which are connected to a coolant supply pipe and a coolant discharge pipe, respectively, and the rotor comprises two power conductors electrically connected to a superconducting winding, each of the power conductors having at least one cooling duct, the inlet and outlet of which are respectively connected to a coolant supply. tube and a coolant discharge tube, and the rotor includes two constrictions adjacent to the superconducting windings, the constrictions extending from the axis of the rotor on either side of the superconducting windings. each having at least one cooling duct, the duct having an inlet in close proximity to the superconducting windings and coupled to the coolant supply tube; It has an outlet coupled to a coolant discharge tube.

An expander is arranged in which the rotor is cooled by gas expansion in the cavity, and the expander cools the coolant introduced from the coolant supply pipe, and is then connected to the coolant supply pipe. transported to the inlet of the heat exchanger. The presence of an expander within the rotor cavity tends to reduce equipment reliability, since the expander has moving elements that increase the number of possible equipment failures.

The aim of the invention is to provide cryogenically cooled electrical equipment with higher reliability.

A cryogenically cooled electrical device is disclosed, the electrical device comprising a rotor comprising a superconducting winding having cooling ducts, each of which is connected to a heat exchanger disposed within a cavity of the rotor. a first outlet and an inlet and an outlet connected to the first inlet;
A second inlet and a second outlet of the heat exchanger are respectively coupled to tubes supplying coolant to the rotor and tubes recovering coolant from the rotor, and the electrical equipment has superconducting windings. a thermal or electromagnetic shield in radial relation from the cooling duct and having at least one cooling duct coupled at its inlet and outlet with a coolant supply pipe and a coolant discharge pipe, respectively; and the electrical equipment includes two power conductors electrically coupled to the superconducting windings and each having at least one cooling duct, the cooling duct having an inlet and an outlet each connected to a coolant. is connected to a supply pipe and a coolant discharge pipe, and the electrical equipment has two adjacent superconducting windings.
a plurality of constrictions arranged successively along the axis of the rotor on both sides of the superconducting winding, each having at least one cooling duct; a cooling duct located in close proximity to the superconducting windings and having an inlet coupled to a coolant supply tube;
and an outlet coupled to a coolant discharge tube, the electrical equipment further comprising a Ranque vortex tube disposed within the cavity of the rotor according to the invention, The vortex tube has a tangential inlet combined with the coolant supply pipe and also has a central outlet combined with the condenser and the inlet of the cooling duct of the power conductor, and the inlet of the cooling duct of thermal or electromagnetic shielding. The cooling duct has an outlet connected to an additional inlet of at least one cooling duct of the constriction. The rank vortex tube has a hollow, stationary cylinder in which a precompressed gas is expanded and separated into two streams: a hot stream and a cold stream.

Conveniently, the coolant discharge pipe comprises two ducts, i.e. the outlet of the heat exchanger on the side of the coolant discharge pipe is connected to the first of the ducts, and the cooling duct of the condensation section An outlet of the second duct is coupled to the second duct.

Preferably, the outlet of the heat exchanger connected to the coolant discharge pipe is connected to an additional inlet of the cooling duct of at least one condenser.

Conveniently, the rank vortex tube is arranged in a chamber provided within the heat exchanger.

The tangential inlet of the rank vortex tube is advantageously combined with an additional outlet of the heat exchanger.

The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG.

The cryogenically cooled electrical equipment according to the invention comprises a stator body 1 (FIG. 1) in which a stator winding 2 is rigidly fixed and rotatable in a bearing 6. Terminations 4 and 5 held at
A hollow rotor 3 is incorporated therein. A cooling duct 8 is provided in the central cylindrical portion of the rotor 3.
A superconducting winding 7 is provided with (only one duct is shown for convenience). The two constrictions 9 and 10 are adjacent to the superconducting winding 7;
The superconducting windings 7 are continuously arranged along the axis of the rotor 3 on both sides of the superconducting windings 7. Each of the constrictions 9 and 10 is provided with at least one cooling duct, namely an annular duct 11 and 12, respectively, according to the described embodiment of the invention. The inlets of the annular ducts 11 and 12 are arranged in close proximity to the superconducting windings 7 of the rotor 3.

The rotor 3 also includes a thermal or electromagnetic shield 1 arranged in radial relation from the superconducting winding 7.
3. The shield 13 is rigidly fixed to the constrictions 9 and 10 and is designed to protect the superconducting winding 7 both from the thermal radiation produced by the stator winding 2 and from the alternating current component of the magnetic field. According to the given embodiment of the invention, at least one cooling duct, namely an annular cooling duct 14, is formed in the shield 13.

A rank vortex tube 16 is accommodated in the cavity 15 of the rotor 3, the tangential inlet of which is connected via a line 17 to a coolant supply assembly 18 for supplying coolant to the rotor 3. The coolant supply assembly 18 has a fixed element connected with a conduit 19 for supplying coolant to the rotor 3 . The central outlet of the rank vortex tube 16 is connected via a pipe 20 to the inlet of the annular cooling ducts 11, 12 of the constrictors 9, 10, respectively. The peripheral outlet of the rank vortex tube 16 communicates via a line 21 with the inlet of the annular cooling duct 14 of the shield 13. The outlet of the annular cooling duct 14 communicates with the second inlet of the cooling duct of at least one constriction 9 , ie with the second inlet of the annular cooling duct 11 of the constriction 9 .

Rank vortex tubes are e.g. AP Merkulov
“The Vortex Effect and Its Application in
Engineering”, Masluirostroenie, Moscow,
1969, pp. 7-11, it is structurally a hollow, stationary cylinder in which a precompressed gas is expanded and divided into two streams: a hot stream and a cold stream. It is something that is separated. To achieve a separation effect, a first gas stream is introduced into the cylinder tangentially on the inner transverse surface. Technically, this type of gas flow is referred to as "tangential inlet" and the corresponding velocity of this gas flow is therefore referred to as "tangential velocity" (W _t ). The cold gas flow in all devices of this form is called the central outlet,
Extracted from the center of the hollow cylinder at the end closest to the tangential inlet. The hot gas stream is always withdrawn from the end opposite the central outlet, technically referred to as the "peripheral outlet."

The annular cooling ducts 11, 12 communicate via radial ducts with gas traaps 22, 23, respectively, which are connected via a control valve 24 with a conduit 25 for recovering coolant from the rotor 3. ing. Gas trap 22,
23 is a fixed device, and its wall surface and rotor 3
The gap between them is sealed with the help of a gasket (not shown).

The cavity 15 of the rotor 3 also houses a heat exchanger or recuperative heat exchanger 26, according to the given embodiment of the invention. In the recovery heat exchanger 26, for example, one heat medium passes through a tube through which the other heat medium flows, and heat is transferred between the two heat mediums by convection and heat conduction through the tubes. It is an exchange. The recuperative heat exchanger 26 has a first inlet 26a (thermal radiation side) connected via a line 27 to a rotating element of the coolant supply assembly 18, which coolant supply assembly is connected to the coolant supply line 19. It has a fixation element connected to. The recovery type heat exchanger 26
has a first outlet 28a (heat radiation side) connected to the inlet of the cooling duct 8 of the superconducting winding 7 via a throttle valve 28 and a pipe 29. There is a line 30 intended to recover the evaporated coolant from the superconducting winding 7. The pipe 30 connects the outlet of the cooling duct 8 to the second inlet 30a (heat absorption side) of the recovery heat exchanger 26, and the recovery heat exchanger is connected to the gas trap 22 via the pipe 31, and It has a second outlet 26b (heat absorption side) connected to the coolant discharge pipe 25 via the gas trap 22. Note that in the recuperative heat exchanger 26, the gas flow along the pipe 29 is not heated, but is cooled by the cooler opposite gas flow supplied to the recuperative heat exchanger 26 along the pipe 30. Ru. A throttle valve 28 is provided at the end of the piping 29 of the recovery heat exchanger 26 which is connected in a straight line to the duct 8 of the superconducting volume 7. Note that helium or the like is used as the coolant, and the coolant changes into a gas or liquid state depending on the operating state (normal, overheated, or overcooled) of the electrical equipment.

In another embodiment of the invention, the coolant is withdrawn from the rotor 3 and directed to a cryogenic device (not shown). In this embodiment, the coolant discharge pipe 25 (FIGS. 2 and 3) is connected to two ducts or pipes 32.
and 33. A line 31 (FIG. 2) connects the outlet of the recuperative heat exchanger 26 via an assembly 34 for recovering coolant from the rotor 3 and via a control valve 35 with line 32. Gradual contraction part 9
The annular duct 11 (FIG. 1) and the annular duct 12 of the constriction section 10 are connected to a pipe 33 (FIG. 2).

In order to reduce the thermodynamic losses that occur when mixing two streams of coolant at different temperatures,
That is, one is the recuperative heat exchanger 26 (which is at high temperature).
(Fig. 1), and the other passes through the annular duct 11 of the condenser section 9. Mixing at points is a good method. For this purpose, the outlet of the recuperative heat exchanger 26 (FIG. 4) is connected via a line 36 to the second inlet of the cooling duct of at least one condenser, i.e. according to the invention described. According to the embodiment described above, it is connected to the second inlet of the annular duct 11 of the constriction section 9.

In order to reduce the axial size of the rotor 3, it is possible to spatially connect the recuperative heat exchanger 26 with the rank vortex tube 16. In this case, the recovery type heat exchanger 26 (FIG. 5)
The cavity 37 communicates with the cavity 15 of the rotor 3, and the rank vortex tube 16 communicates with the cavity 37.
is located inside.

To provide greater operational reliability of the coolant supply assembly 18 (FIG. 6), the coolant supply conduit 19
The temperature of the coolant at can be increased by means of a recuperative heat exchanger between the inlet and outlet sides.
This means that the tangential entrance of the rank vortex tube 16 is
This is achieved by an arrangement in which the third outlet of the recuperative heat exchanger 38, which is the second outlet on the heat radiation side, is connected via the pipe 17.

The superconducting winding 7 (FIG. 1) of the rotor 3 is electrically connected to two power conductors 39 each having at least one cooling duct. In the embodiment described, the power conductor 39 is arranged in a common cooling duct, which is connected at its inlet to the central outlet 16b of the rank vortex tube 16 and at its outlet to the gas trap 23 and the control A pipe 40 is connected to a coolant discharge pipe 25 via a valve 24. Each power conductor 39 is connected to a respective slip ring 41.

In the embodiment described, the cavity 15 of the rotor 3 and the cavity 42 of the stator are maintained under vacuum, and the cavity 42 has a vacuum-proof gasket 43 for that purpose.

The directions in which the coolant passes are 1st, 2nd, 4th, 5th, and 6th.
Indicated by respective arrows in the figure.

The required temperature of the superconducting winding 7 (FIG. 1) is maintained in the following manner. The superconducting winding 7 is cooled by a liquid coolant, e.g. helium, while the gaseous coolant cools the following elements of the rotor 3, namely the condensers 9, 1.
0, power conductors 39 and thermal or electromagnetic shielding 1
3. Used for cooling.

The refrigerant at a pressure corresponding to the maximum pressure in the cryogenic facility is further cooled from the refrigerant supply pipe 19 via the refrigerant supply assembly 18 in a recuperative heat exchanger 26 and a throttle valve 28 at a temperature conducive to liquefaction of the refrigerant. while being guided to the rotor 3. When introduced into the rotor 3, the coolant is split into two streams as indicated by the arrows in FIGS. One stream of coolant is routed via line 17 to the tangential inlet 16c of rank vortex tube 16, and the other stream is routed via line 27 to recuperative heat exchanger 26.
flows into. The tangential inlet 16c of the rank vortex tube 16 is for introducing a gas flow into the interior of the cylindrical portion of the tube 16 in the tangential direction of the cylindrical portion.
The central outlet 16b is provided at the end on the tangential inlet side of the central axis of the cylindrical portion, and the peripheral outlet is provided on the opposite side of the central outlet. In the rank vortex tube 16, the incoming flow is further divided into two streams. One of these flows is cooled to a temperature lower than the temperature of the flow at the tangential inlet of the rank vortex tube 16, and is passed through the central outlet 16b and the piping 20 connected to the central outlet to the condenser section 9,
It is introduced into a pipe 40 which houses ten annular cooling ducts 11, 12 and a power conductor 39.

A second stream obtained in the rank vortex tube 16 is connected to the peripheral outlet 16a of the rank vortex tube 16 and to the peripheral outlet at a temperature greater than the temperature of the first stream obtained in the vortex tube 16. It flows via a pipe 21 to the annular cooling 14 of the thermal or electromagnetic shield 13 . After being heated in the shield 13, the coolant is sent to the second inlet of the annular cooling duct 11 of the condenser 9. The thus combined coolant flow flows from the rotor 3 to the gas traps 22 (first, second, fourth, sixth
1), while the flow from the annular cooling duct 12 (FIG. 1) of the condenser 10 and from the line 40 is sent to the gas trap 23. gas trap 2
2, 23, the coolant passes through the control valve 24
It enters the coolant discharge pipe 25 via the coolant discharge pipe 25.

The manner in which the rank vortex tube 16 is coupled to cryogenically cooled electrical equipment is advantageous.
This is because the electrical equipment has thermal or electromagnetic shielding.
3 and whose coolant flow has a temperature greater than the temperature of the coolant flow used to cool the condensers 9, 10 for said shield. This is because target cooling is achieved. The rank vortex tube 16 is exactly like these two.
This provides the required division of coolant into two streams.

The coolant stream introduced into the recuperative heat exchanger from the coolant supply assembly 18 is cooled by a heat absorbing stream directed from the cooling duct 8 of the superconducting winding 7. The gas-liquid mixture obtained after the flow of heat-radiating coolant passes through the throttle valve 28 is separated into gas and liquid under the influence of the centrifugal force generated from the rotation of the rotor 3. It should be noted that the device for separating the gas and liquid mixture in the superconducting winding 7 and the respective ducts are not shown in the drawing. The gas passes through the pipe 30, while the liquid is sent into the cooling duct 8 of the superconducting winding 7 and is converted to gas and introduced into the pipe 30 as well. After passing through line 30, the gas enters and passes through recuperative heat exchanger 26, thereby cooling the outgoing refrigerant and heating the gas itself.
The gas then passes through piping 31 to gas trap 22.
and finally enters the coolant discharge pipe 25.

Coolant flow from the recovery heat exchanger 26 to the pipe 3
1 and into the piping 32 of the coolant discharge tube 25 via the coolant discharge assembly 34 (FIG. 2). in this case,
The flow of coolant from the annular cooling ducts 11, 12 of the constrictors 9, 10 into the gas traps 22, 23 (FIG. 1) is carried out by the pipe 33 of the coolant discharge pipe 25 (FIG. 2).
to go into. The coolant flow from lines 32, 33 then enters the respective external stage of the cryogenic facility.

The coolant should preferably be discharged in this way only if the starting conditions of the superconducting electrical equipment are taken into account. The reason for this is that due to the intense evaporation of liquid helium in the chamber containing the superconducting windings, the excess cold air flow from the recuperative heat exchanger may disturb the normal operation of all equipment, including the gas outlet unit 22. Because I don't know. On the other hand, the coolant is supplied in the manner described above, ie via an additional outlet unit 34 and vacuum-sealed piping 32.
Recovering allows the cold air to be returned to the cryogenic equipment that starts the superconducting electrical equipment and makes more efficient use of the cold air in that equipment.

The temperature of the heat-absorbing coolant flowing at the outlet of the recuperative heat exchanger 26 is heated by the influence of the heat radiation flow during the recuperative heat exchange operation, and the temperature of the heat-absorbing coolant flowing at the outlet of the recuperative heat exchanger 26 is increased by the temperature of the annular cooling ducts 11, 12 (the first may differ considerably from the temperature of the coolant stream sent to the coolant discharge pipe 25 from FIG. Mixing fluids maintained at different temperatures results in thermodynamic losses in cryogenic cooling equipment, thus reducing the efficiency of electrical equipment. This is true if the efficiency of the device is calculated with the assumption that the power losses associated with the device include the amount of power dissipated by cryogenic cooling of the superconducting windings.

According to the above assumptions, discharging the two streams separately would result in a larger cooling capacity of the cryogenic facility, producing more liquid coolant and producing cooler coolant, thereby It becomes possible to further improve the reliability of operation of electrical equipment cooled at cryogenic temperatures.

The heat-absorbing stream of coolant can be passed through the annular cooling duct 11 of the condenser section 9 (FIG. 4) after being heated in the recuperative heat exchanger 26, in which case the heat-absorbing stream is directly connected to gas traps 22, 23.
(Figure 1) does not fit. This is Gastrap 2
2, 23 provides a larger flow for the annular cooling duct 11 and provides better cooling to the constrictions 9, 10. Additionally, such an embodiment requires fewer gas traps of the equipment, resulting in higher reliability of the equipment as a whole.

A spatially coupled arrangement of rank vortex tubes (FIG. 5) with recuperative heat exchangers 26 can be achieved without changing the coolant flow distribution in the cryogenic cooling system of electrical equipment. This leads to a reduction in the distance between the supports of the rotor 3 (FIG. 1) and also ensures higher reliability of the equipment.

The temperature to be maintained of the coolant entering the rotor 3 is determined by the recuperative heat exchanger 38 (sixth
can be increased with the help of Figure). An increase in the temperature of the coolant in the coolant supply pipe 19 is provided by the second stage (looking along the direction of the heat-absorbing flow of coolant) of the recuperative heat exchanger 38. This stage is obtained by a third outlet of the heat exchanger 38, which is connected to the tangential inlet of the rank vortex tube 16.

The increased temperature of the coolant flow through the coolant supply assembly 18 provides a higher reliability of the assembly 18, which in turn ensures higher reliability of the equipment as a whole.

Between the elements of the rotor 3 (FIG. 1) and the rotor 3
rotor 3 cavity 15 and stator cavity 42 in order to provide good thermal insulation between the rotor 3 and the stator.
is maintained under vacuum. Vacuum is maintained with the aid of a vacuum resistant gasket 43 and a continuously operated vacuum pump (not shown). Lines 32 (FIGS. 2 and 3) and lines 33 in the coolant discharge pipe 25 must also be thermally insulated from each other.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a partial vertical cross-sectional view of a cryogenically cooled electric device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a partial vertical cross-sectional view of a cryogenically cooled electric device according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 shows a pipe with two ducts for recovering coolant from the rotor and its connection with the cooled elements of the rotor; FIG. Sectional view along line -, 4th
5 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of an electrical appliance with cryogenic cooling according to the invention, in which the heat exchanger is combined with an additional inlet of the cooling duct of the condensation section; FIG. 6 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of an electrical appliance with low-temperature cooling, showing the spatially coupled arrangement of a heat exchanger and a rank vortex tube, and FIG. FIG. 2 is a partial longitudinal section through a cryogenically cooled electrical device, the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of a rank vortex tube; 3... Rotor, 7... Superconducting winding of rotor 3,
8... Cooling duct, 9, 10... Contraction section of rotor 3, 13... Heat or electromagnetic shield, 15... Cavity of rotor 3, 16... Rank vortex tube,
19... Coolant supply pipe to rotor 3, 25... Coolant recovery pipe from rotor 3, 37... Vacant room, 39
...Power conductor.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An electrical device cooled at a cryogenic temperature, comprising a rotor 3 incorporating a superconducting winding 7 having a cooling duct 8, the inlet and outlet of which are respectively It communicates with a first outlet 28a and a second inlet 30a of a heat exchanger arranged in the cavity 15 of the rotor 3, the first inlet 2 of the heat exchanger
6a and the second outlet 26b are respectively connected to the rotor 3
The electrical equipment is connected to a tube 19 for supplying coolant to the rotor and a tube 25 for recovering coolant from the rotor, and the electrical equipment is also provided with a thermal or electromagnetic shield 13, which shields radial radiation from the superconducting windings. arranged to form a vacuum gap, and at least one
The cooling duct includes a rotor 3 cooling duct.
each having an inlet coupled to a peripheral outlet 16a of a rank vortex tube 16 arranged in the cavity 15 of the electrical equipment, which is also electrically coupled to a superconducting winding 7 and each having at least one two power conductors 39 with a cooling duct having an inlet connected to the central outlet 16b of the rank vortex tube 16 and an outlet connected to the coolant discharge tube 25. and the electrical equipment comprises two constrictions 9, 10 adjacent to the superconducting winding 7, the constrictions being continuous along the axis of the rotor 3 on both sides of the superconducting winding 7. and each have at least one cooling duct which is located in close proximity to the superconducting winding 7 and connected to the central outlet 16b of the rank vortex tube 16. The tangential inlet 16c of the rank vortex tube 16 is connected to the coolant supply tube 19 and the cooling duct of the thermal or electromagnetic shield 13 has an inlet of Cryogenically cooled electrical equipment, characterized in that the outlet is connected to the second inlet of the cooling duct of at least one condenser 9. 2. The electrical device according to claim 1, wherein the coolant discharge pipe 25 includes two ducts,
The outlet of the heat exchanger on the side of the coolant discharge pipe 25 is connected to the first of the ducts, and the outlet of the cooling duct of the condenser section 9, 10 is connected to the second duct. Electrical equipment characterized by: 3. The electrical equipment according to claim 1, wherein the outlet of the heat exchanger communicating with the coolant discharge pipe 25 is connected to the second cooling duct of at least one condensing section 9.
An electrical device characterized in that it is combined with an inlet. 4. The electrical device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the rank vortex tube 16 is arranged in a cavity 37 provided in a heat exchanger. An electrical device characterized by: 5. The electrical device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the tangential inlet of the rank vortex tube 16 is coupled to the third outlet of the heat exchanger. and electrical equipment.