JPS6142816B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a device that analyzes particles such as blood cells to obtain a particle size distribution curve and performs various calculations. instead of typing
It is an object of the present invention to provide a particle analyzer in which conditions can be input by direct viewing by moving a cursor appearing on a curve displaying a particle size distribution curve.

Conventionally, it has been necessary to diagnose diseases based on the size distribution of particles such as blood cells, and the size of the particle detection signal of the electronic blood cell counter that has been commonly used for this purpose is proportional to the size of the particles. This has made it possible to measure the size distribution of particles by setting a large number of threshold values. However, at present, it is limited to recording the particle size distribution of particles, and the subsequent differences between multiple samples,
Differences from the normal distribution can be checked directly with the naked eye, or statistical calculations are made on numerical data before the distribution curve is obtained, and comparisons are made using these numbers, so judgment requires skill. . Particularly in hospital laboratories, cases such as macrocytic normochromic anemia and microcytic hypochromic anemia can be diagnosed based on the particle size distribution of red blood cells, but usually the average It is often diagnosed based on blood cell parameter parameters called red blood cell constants, such as MCV (mean corpuscular volume) and MCH (mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration). Therefore, appropriately determining differences in particle size distribution curves and using them as material for diagnosis often relies on intuition due to the small amount of information, and cannot be said to be an appropriate method.

Also, from the particle size distribution curve obtained as a measurement result,
For example, when calculating and redisplaying the distribution function of a curve using the least squares method, it is necessary to input conditions such as which range of the curve the calculation is to be performed on. At that time, the connoisseur used a keyboard switch called a numeric keypad with numbers from 0 to 9 marked on it to directly enter the numbers. However, this method is cumbersome as it requires the operator to memorize the numerical values in advance or to read them out from data (graphs), and it is also difficult to understand how these conditions relate to the particle size distribution curve of the measurement results. The operator is required to be skilled in order to judge whether there is a problem or not, and there is also a risk of entering errors in numerical values or erroneous operations.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned points, and aims to provide a particle analyzer which eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks and which is easier to operate and more reliable.

Hereinafter, the configuration of the present invention will be explained based on embodiments shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 is a systematic explanatory diagram showing one embodiment of the particle analyzer of the present invention. The particle analyzer of the present invention includes a particle detection device 1 that detects particles based on electrical or optical differences between the particles and a particle suspension liquid and generates a signal proportional to the size of the particles; A plurality of consecutive particles, for example 50 or 100 particles, for the particle signal from device 1.
A comparison circuit 2 having threshold values of
a signal generating circuit 3 that generates a signal representing the size of a particle based on an output signal of the signal generating circuit 3;
an arithmetic/control circuit 4 connected to the arithmetic/control circuit 4; a read-only memory 5 connected to the arithmetic/control circuit 4 in which calculations and control sequences are stored; and a read/write memory 6 connected to the arithmetic/control circuit 4. 7, 8, an input device 9, a display device 10, and a recording device 11. The read/write memory consists of a first memory 6, a second memory 7, and a third memory 8. The first memory 6 stores the number of cumulative particle size distributions or normal particle size distributions, and the second memory 7 stores the number of cumulative particle size distributions or normal particle size distributions. The particle size distribution to be displayed is stored, and the third memory 8 stores various calculation results or distribution curves obtained from the calculation results. Although the read/write memories 6, 7, and 8 are shown separately provided for ease of understanding, it is also possible to divide one read/write memory 12 into three areas. Furthermore, the input device 9 includes pushbutton switches 14, 15, for moving the cursor 13 on the display of the display device 10 and displaying the position of the cursor 13.
16, 17 are provided (FIGS. 2 and 3),
The configuration is such that conditions for various calculations can be entered by moving the cursor.

In the particle analyzer configured as described above, when the particle signal from the particle detection device 1 is sent to the comparator circuit 2, the peak value of the signal or the comparator up to the peak value is turned on, and the comparator is turned on in the next circuit. Input in parallel using only a few output terminals. In the signal generation circuit 3, an appropriate frequency dividing circuit is connected in parallel with the number of terminals to match the calculation speed, or the input of the next particle signal is prohibited during calculation for one pulse, so that the average particle The pulse interval is used as a comparison signal, and each terminal is scanned and the peak value of particles or the line that is turned on up to the peak value is first scanned by the arithmetic/control circuit 4 in accordance with the program order of the read-only memory 5. The data are sequentially stored in the memory 6. At this time, what is stored for the peak value of the particle is a normal particle size distribution curve, and what is stored for each particle by all the lines that are turned on up to the peak value is a cumulative particle size distribution curve. Each address of the first memory 6 corresponds to a particle size, that is, a threshold value, and each address stores the number of particles. When the volume of a predetermined particle suspension liquid or the measurement of a predetermined time period is completed, each address of the first memory 6 is read out in sequence according to the calculation order of the read-only memory 5, and (1) the total number of particles is determined. , (2) When stored in the form of cumulative particle size distribution, read out the difference in the number of particles between adjacent addresses, and when the particle size distribution is normal, read out the number of particles at that address,
(1) Divide by the total number of particles, and (3) store the calculation result in each corresponding address of the second memory 7.
This operation is performed to obtain a particle size distribution curve expressed in %.

% stored in the second memory 7 as described above
Conditions for performing various statistical calculations on the displayed particle size distribution curve are input as follows. 3 to 7 show the process of approximating a particle size distribution curve to a higher-order function by the least squares method and displaying the function again. As a condition at this time, it is necessary to specify whether calculation processing is to be performed on a portion such as a particle size distribution curve. In other words, it is especially necessary when two or more types of particles are included and two peaks occur, and separation of the particle size distribution curve is necessary.
must be carried out. First, using the input device 9,
Waveform processing using the least squares method
processing) and waveform separation (wave
When inputting the lower limit and upper limit for (from separation), the calculation program is called from the read-only memory 5, and the particle size distribution curve expressed as a percentage stored in the second memory 7 is displayed. A cursor 13 and a number 18 representing the position of the cursor appear on the display of the display device 10 shown in FIG. The horizontal axis is expressed in percentage, and 0% is the same as not specifying it, so the initial setting position is 1.0%. This cursor 1
3, four pushbutton switches 1 provided on the input device 9 as shown in FIG.
4, 15, 16, and 17 are used. Push-button switches 14 and 17 located at both ends are for fast movement to the left and right, and two push-button switches 15 and 16 in the center are for slow movement to the left and right. Coarse adjustments are made using the switches on both ends, and precise alignment is made using the two switches in the center. In this way, positioning is performed while directly comparing the curves, and the necessary accurate positioning can be performed, and compared to inputting numerical values, it is extremely simple and there is no risk of error.

As shown in Figure 4, the lower limit position is set at 15.0%, and then as shown in Figure 5, the upper limit position is set at 55.0%.
% and starts the calculation process, the display device 10
A message indicating that calculation is in progress is displayed on the display as shown in FIG. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 7, a statistically processed curve based on the calculated higher-order paralysis is displayed. Note that in order to facilitate the calculation process, the above calculation is performed separately from the lower limit to the peak, and from the peak to the upper limit, on the left and right sides. Therefore, peaks are detected in the process of arithmetic processing, but if there are two or more positions with the same peak value, or if there is a flat area near the peak, the peak detected by the device may be inconvenient. There are cases. Therefore, in the apparatus of the present invention, such different conditions are also used in setting such other conditions. That is, in another embodiment shown in FIG. 8, when a command for correction of PV is input to the input device 9, the cursor 13 appears again on the display of the display device 10, as shown in FIG. A push-button switch can be used to position the cursor 13 on the correct peak and perform calculations based on this. The above positions of the cursor 13 are stored in the read/write memory 7 (second memory), and calculations are performed using them as conditions for statistical calculations, and the calculation results as shown in the table below are obtained, and the read/write memory 7 (third memory) and printed by the recording device 11.

PEAK VALUE 27.0 MIN PARTICLE 15.0 MAX PARTICLE 59.0 DISTRI.WIDTH 45.0 HALF―WIDTH 21.0 MEAN 33.0 VOL.RATIO 0.306 TOTAL VOL.22478 MEDIAN 32.0 MID RANGE 40.5 AREA RATIO 0.494 TOTAL AREA 648 COUNT 68 1 LEVEL RATIO 13.07% VOLUME 60.2% MPV 88.4 HEIGET /WIDTH 0.93 HEIGHT 4.17% The recording device 11 can record not only the printed results of the above table but also the displayed curves.

In the device of the present invention, as described above, the input of conditions for statistical calculations can be input while visually observing them by moving the cursor on the display rather than by directly using numerical values, so the input is reliable. , which is clear and has the effect of preventing erroneous operations. Other application examples of the present invention include (1) enlarged display of the display, that is, when it is desired to enlarge and view a part of the particle size distribution curve, it is possible to set the upper and lower limits of the part to be enlarged. (2) Similarly to (1), the width for vertical expansion can be set by moving the up and down cursor. There are many things that can be mentioned. The device of the present invention can be applied not only to particles such as blood cells, but also to the industrial and food fields. It is also possible to clearly know the state of bacterial destruction in the food field.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a systematic explanatory diagram showing one embodiment of the particle analyzer of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a push button switch provided on an input device, and Figs. 3 to 7 are an illustration of operations on a display device. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing another example of operation. 1... Particle detection device, 2... Comparison circuit, 3...
Signal generation circuit, 4... Arithmetic/control circuit, 5... Read-only memory, 6... First memory, 7... Second memory, 8... Third memory, 9... Input device, 10
... Display device, 11 ... Recording device, 12 ... Read/write memory, 13 ... Cursor, 14, 15, 1
6, 17...Push button switch, 18...Number indicating the cursor position.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A particle detection device that detects particles based on electrical or optical differences between particles and a particle suspension liquid and generates a signal proportional to the size of the particles, and a particle signal from this particle detection device. A comparison circuit having a plurality of consecutive threshold values, a signal generation circuit that generates a signal representing the particle size based on the output signal of this comparison circuit, an arithmetic/control circuit connected to this signal generation circuit, and a computation/control circuit connected to this signal generation circuit.・The read/write memory includes a read-only memory connected to the control circuit and stores calculations and control sequences, and a read/write memory connected to the calculation/control circuit, an input device, a display device, and a recording device. consists of a first memory, a second memory, and a third memory, the first memory stores the cumulative particle size distribution or the number distribution of the normal particle size distribution, the second memory stores the particle size distribution expressed in %, The third memory stores various calculation results or distribution curves obtained from the calculation results,
Furthermore, the input device is provided with a push button switch for moving a cursor on the display of the display device and displaying the position of the cursor, and the conditions for various calculations are inputted by moving the cursor. A particle analyzer featuring: