JPS6142490A - Device for overhead submerged arc welding - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates generally to arc welding equipment, and more narrowly to upward submerged arc welds. 0 Prior Art In the production of metal structures, welding is used for longitudinal and circumferential welding in the manufacture of metal structures. A great deal of effort is spent on the work.
the outer periphery of a closed container or housing (as seen here)
This upward submerged arc welding technology includes the outer peripheral joint of the vibration line, the on-site welding points of the outer engine of the hull, grooves, and flat areas that are difficult to turn over. This upward submerged arc welding technology In addition, (compared to Borat welding), the molten pool is turned inside out by 180 degrees, and the flux and welding rod supplied to the welding area are directed upward, i.e., overhead, and the welding rod passes through the slightly compacted flux to the welding area. This is the reason why this type of welding will be used in the future.
This is called upward submerged arc welding. In this type of welding, the so-called upward weld is therefore formed as a result of welding methods such as the arc, which burns within the thickness of the metal to be welded. During upward submerged arc welding, the combustion of the arc (as a result of melting of the welded metal, welding rod material, and flux), the resulting molten pool metal (e.g., the partially melted flux is prevented from flowing out by the skin of the weld zone, i.e. by the weld forming surface). (continuously as it wears out) is replenished with O to form the upper part of the weld. The flux is supplied both from below through the gap and from an upward force (by any suitable method known in the art) to form a bed of flux. It is difficult to form a high-quality welded part.For example, it is difficult to form a high-quality welded part of a tank truck, boiler, ship hull, etc., and the welding process is difficult. The middle tube is a closed large cylindrical part that must be turned around the axis. When making this welded part, it is also difficult to turn it over during the 9-step welding process θ)
Many problems arise especially when welding new large area planar parts. Upward welds (includes root welds and back welds. Upward root welds are made when initially welding the butt joints, and the upper part of the welding area is placed on the opposite side of the welding rod feeding direction of the butt joints. A continuous weld is created by subsequent butt welding, but this is especially the case when the weld is supplied from the same side as when making an upward root weld. Appropriate techniques are used for root welding. Upward submerged arc welding of the root weld can omit welding on the inner circumferential surface of the tank and create a circular weld, and can also be used in closed spaces that cannot be accessed. Straight welds can be created on structures where downward or flat welds are not possible, eliminating the need for side welds. In contrast, backing welds are made by first welding a butt joint. The lower part 2 of the welding area on the side of the butt part adjacent to or facing the welding rod that is made and supplied when
Subsequently welding (upward welding) of the joint (upward welding) is carried out by supplying a welding rod to the side of the butt joint opposite to the required side. This is done by any suitable technique. In fact, the root welding technique (the internal extent) is employed to make circumferential and longitudinal welds on inaccessible articles and structures, while the back weld (l) It is made for joining butt parts of structures that are difficult to connect, such as sheet metal structures consisting of many parts η). Backing welds have many difficulties regarding the formation of the finished weld surface and its quality (= the correct selection and continuous maintenance of the selected flux pressure, the weld forming means and the arc in which the compacted and solid flux burns). It is closely related to the effects of coagulation at various locations along the weld joint next to the weld joint. The welding rod is formed by a pair of belts, and the welding rod is connected to the joint to be welded via a flux container containing a welding tip that extends through the slide member. device for submerged arc upward welding (1 known (USSR Inventor Certificate @ No. 526,470; IPCB 23
K 9/18) 0 However, with this equipment, during upward welding, the flux and weld forming means tend to not apply uniform pressure along the length of the welded joint. This results in an unstable suspension of the weld pool with respect to the height of the weld joint, resulting in weld scarring and interruption of the upward submerged arc operation, which also accommodates the welding tip and means for supplying flux. Devices for upward submerged arc welding are also known (USSR Inventor's Certificate No. 469
．． No. 554, IPCB23I (9/18.37 on B23
10f4) An adjustment plate is mounted inside the container by means of adjustment screws, the position of which can be changed with respect to the surface of the workpiece to be welded. 7 lux and a welding rod (flux pressure supplied from below the weld joint being made and controlled by means of a barb plate) acting at various points along the length of the weld joint. During operation, the operator can keep track of the welding point and adjust the inclination angle of the plate when the welding condition deviates from the predetermined one, for example after the appearance of a gap between the edges of the parts to be joined. Ensure that the desired flux pressure is maintained, because in research studies it is often necessary to accurately maintain a predetermined flux pressure at each point along the length of the joint in order to obtain a high quality upward weld. Otherwise, the welded part will have defects. Therefore, the quality of the obtained welded part depends largely on the skill and experience of the operator.As mentioned above, this device (It can be used to make upward root welds, but cannot be used for upward back welds, because it is impossible to obtain high quality back welds by forming only with flux. As a result of actual tests, it was found that it was difficult to obtain the welded joints made by the above-mentioned equipment. The flaws on the outside of the weld are distinctive.These flaws include incisions, local changes in the width of the weld, etc.Object of the InventionThe present invention (Flux hopper and its) contains flux. (a structural arrangement of means for bringing the hopper and flux into contact with the weld to be made; and a structural arrangement of means for pressing the hopper and the flux into contact with the weld area) thus producing an excellent upward backing weld. An apparatus for upward submerged arc welding, in which the upward welding process is automated, and each longitudinal point of the welded joint to be made is continuously maintained at a predetermined pressure to ensure conditions for obtaining a high quality weld joint 2? The purpose is to provide. The following is a margin.Structure of the InventionThis object of the present inventionFla-socks storage hopper equipped with a flossing head and a welding tip for consumable melt, and supplying flux to the workpiece to be welded in the area adjacent to the welding tip.1. (a device for upward submerged arc welding comprising a means for pressing and a weld forming means provided in the vicinity of the welding tip), wherein the flux hopper is mounted on the axis of a swingable suspension means; The suspension shaft of the flux horn is mounted on a bracket that is displaceable toward the workpiece to be welded, and the suspension shaft from the bracket (tl) extends in the transverse plane (aligned in the longitudinal direction). This is achieved by carrying a pivotably supported welding part forming means, and also carrying a driven doublet which is brought into contact with the surface of the workpiece during welding. Ru. Structural arrangement of the proposed device on paper, in which the weld shaping means and the flux hopper are mounted on separate shafts carried on one bracket displaceable towards the workpiece to be welded, and the longitudinal direction ) the suspension shaft is provided for rocking in the transverse plane; and the driven element is mounted on the bracket so as to be able to engage the surface of the workpiece during the welding process; The provision is made to prevent deviations from the tacked position as well as deviations from the correct shape of the joint (e.g. overhanging butt edges, indentations or bulges, corrugations, etc.), and correspondingly the weld shaping means and driven elements. Enables continuous contact with the workpiece to be welded. Therefore, regardless of any variations in the position of the weld forming means caused by irregularities in the surface of the work piece at the point where the work piece engages the weld forming means, Since it is in continuous contact with the surface of the workpiece, surface irregularities) are encountered to stabilize welding conditions such as the desired fluff thickness and flank pressure at each point along the length of the weld joint. ) This can prevent the flux hopper from swinging. In this specification, flux refers to compacted flux located between the top surface of the workpiece and the surface of the workpiece, which is distributed evenly throughout the entire bed. It refers to something that applies pressure to the surface of the workpiece within the area. According to the present invention, the suspension shaft of the welding part forming means of the device for cutting (77) is provided in point contact with one end of the arm of a two-armed lever having a swing shaft fixed on a bracket. The other arm is connected to an auxiliary power means rotatably mounted on the bracket, and the driven element is pivoted on the suspension shaft of the flux hopper. The surfaces of the welded joints to be welded smoothly, thereby making it possible to maintain the flux pressure continuously at a predetermined value during the welding process. As another example, the suspension shaft of the welding means (1 welding chip) (the end of the adjacent bracket) may be provided as a point contact stop, while the driven element 1 may be provided as a contact stop on the surface of the welding means. It may be a department. The suspension shaft of the flux hopper is provided on the side opposite the welding tip 10 of the flux hopper, and is provided on the side opposite to the welding tip 10 of the flux hopper, in order to give the flux II to the suspension shaft to the flux hopper. It has the means of This arrangement) allows the welding part forming means to smoothly follow the surface of the welded joint and to control the position of the flux hopper with respect to the wrinkled material, which is necessary for welding workpieces 2 having various shapes. can be provided. The present invention) such an apparatus in which the bracket is configured to move towards the workpiece to be welded and connected to a seven rack hopper by power means such that the hopper swings about its suspension axis. It is mounted on a driven carriage, has a power means for driving the carriage 1'L, and is mounted on a driven truck. This carriage (which is particularly necessary for welding longitudinal joints on immovable workpieces) will now be described in more detail (see the accompanying drawings). SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION One preferred embodiment of an apparatus for upward submerged welding is shown. This device is equipped with a hopper 1 containing a flux 2. Inside the hopper 1 there is housed means for feeding and press-welding the workpieces 2 to be welded. The means 1 for supplying and pressing the flux 2 includes a bowl-shaped casing 4 that is open in the direction of the workpiece 3. The casing 4) communicates via a bevel gear 7.8 with a flux supply tube 5 having a screw conveyor 6 connected to drive means 9. Flux 2 is supplied from the hopper 7) to the weld formed as follows. When the screw conveyor 6 is rotated by the drive means 9, the flux 2 is distributed into the bowl-shaped casing 4 through a bow 10 provided at the bottom of the flux supply tube 5. The casing 4 acts as a bed or cushion for the flux! ! , this cushion is a finished weld]1
) apply a localized pressure on the immediately preceding part of the arc which lies I) 3F in the longitudinal direction; It has a welding head 12 with welding tip 13i, I4 for supplying consumable welding f4114f from the hopper 1 (feeding mechanism 16; thus a reel of core wire, etc.) and the welding tip 13 (through the bowl-shaped casing 4). The flux hopper 1 is disposed inside the flux hopper 1 so that its end q, which extends and projects toward the interior of the bowl-shaped casing 4, overlaps the flax supply tube 5. Such a welding tip 13 and flux supply tube 5
This overlap is within the area where 7 lux is supplied from the flux hopper 1 to the bowl-shaped casing 4) and acts on the workpiece 3 (the pressure of the flux 2 is unevenly distributed). be done. At the same time, in order to establish a stable welding condition, it is necessary that the pressure of the welding rod (4) be uniformly distributed within the adjacent arc burning area. This uniform distribution of pressure is achieved by the fact that the cushion of the GoFlux is pressed against the workpiece 3 by a predetermined continuous force, while the uniform distribution of this pressure along the entire welding area is Frictional force generated during relative displacement between the workpiece and welding machine during welding). As a result, excess flux that cannot be involved in the welding work flows over the bowl-shaped casing 4 and into the flux hopper 1.
1 Free fall ○This means that the flow from the flux hopper 17J) to the welding area
This results in reuse or circulation of the welding rod 14 (7), which makes the welding process more economical.
It is mounted at a certain distance from the wall of the bowl-shaped casing 4 and can freely protrude above the wall of the bowl-shaped casing 4. The weld forming means 17 is a plate made of a heat conductive material and has a surface profile which cooperates with the flux cushion and the workpiece 3 to provide the desired pressure within the welding area, thereby producing a finishing effect. This plate 17 may be cooled with air or water (to obtain a high quality backing weld).
(in the form of a slide in contact with the welding point to be formed) 1, the surface quality of the finished weld 11 (very good 1, <improved 0) The shape and contour of the contact surfaces of this weld-forming means 17 in cooperation with the workpiece 3 depend on the type of weld being made, the desired shape, dimensions of the finished weld, the node and type of flux employed. and welding conditions, etc.
r, is mixed in advance. One feature of the present invention is the flux hopper 1 (
The suspension means (which can swing freely around a shaft 18) is pivotally supported by a suspension means 2. The suspension axis of this flux hopper 1] 811 provides an oscillating movement of the hopper 1 in the plane of the weld to be made. A driven element 19 in the form of a driven wheel is also mounted on the shaft 18 of the hopper suspension means. This driven element 19 is intended to provide a constant distance between the workpiece 3 and the suspension axis of the 7-lux hopper 1. This distance does not change because of the flux cushion. This is necessary to stabilize the pressure applied on the surface of the welding surface and bring about the changes in the parameters of this upward submerged arc welding. In order to ensure that the desired ( ) pressure is applied by the flux cushion onto the workpiece 3, this device applies this force to the flux hopper 1) and moves it to the shaft 18.

[Equipped with means for swinging the driven element 19 to the center, means for pressing the driven element 19 against the workpiece 3, and means for suspending the weld forming means 17. ) 2 The shaft 18 of the suspension means of the Tsukunuchopa is the carriage 21
It is provided on a bracket 20 fixed to. The carriage 21 (which is adapted for movement towards the workpiece 3 to be welded and for this purpose) rests on respective guides such as guide rods 22. The carriage 22 (or driven element 19) has means for urging the driven element 19 towards the workpiece 3, and this means (or means) has power means 23 (e.g. pneumatic or It is in the form of a hydraulic cylinder).
It is integrated with the nuclear hopper 1 and is attached to the bowl-shaped casing).
I like being treated! ) 17〈, this) is thus superimposed on the means 17 for supplying the flux 2 (- also for pressing against the workpiece 3). Preferably, the means (incorporating the aforementioned elements) are provided on the side of the finished weld 1 in the flux hopper 1. In this case, the opposite side of the flux hopper is connected to its suspension shaft 1.
It is preferable to couple it to a means for swinging the flanx hopper 1 about the center point 8. The means for swinging the flux lever 1 about the suspension shaft 18 is configured as a power drive means 24 (such as an air or hydraulic cylinder) rotatably connected to the flux hopper 1 and the carriage 21. The power means 24 may be a spring attached to the hopper 1 or other suitable means such as a weight. Correspondingly, a highly sensitive system can be provided which automatically maintains a predetermined value of the pressure of the flux 2 in the welding area. The welding part forming means 17% is suspended on a bracket 20 fixed to a swing shaft 25 of a carriage 21. This welding part forming means 17 has the shape of a two-armed lever 26. At one end of the lever 26 is provided a suspension shaft of the weld forming means 17 in the form of an 11-point contact stopper. The welding portion forming means 17 are arranged and mounted on the machine stopper 27 so as to be flush with the surface of the workpiece 3 to be welded. The other arm 1 of the lever 26 is connected to an auxiliary power means 28 (such as an air or hydraulic cylinder). Other means such as a spring or a weight can also be used as this auxiliary power means 28. This power means 28 (which is rotatably mounted on the bracket 20. This structural arrangement of the suspension means of the weld shaping means 17) thus allows the weld shaping means 17 to be suspended during the welding operation.
42 The surface of the workpiece 3 can be accurately and smoothly tracked. Such a suspension compensates for the frictional forces that occur when the surface of the workpiece 3 comes into contact with the weld forming means 17.
More favorable conditions for continuously maintaining predetermined overhead welding parameters? Establish. The provision of the suspension means of the weld forming means 17 on the bracket 20 on the stop 27 and the dynamic connection of the carriage 21 and the workpiece 3 via the bracket 20 with the driven element 19 are generally irregular. When welding workpieces having a different shape, when surface irregularities are encountered, the position of the lever 26 can be stabilized relative to the workpiece 3I. Such stabilization of the position of the lever 26 results in a stabilization of the predetermined working angle between the weld shaping means 17 and the surface of the workpiece 3 during the welding process (-1) It is possible to keep the pressure of the flux constant at different points in the direction. If necessary, a carriage 29 is provided for this device (which can also be moved in the welding direction and is powered by drive means 30 for that purpose), on which the guide of the carriage 21 is mounted. It is necessary for the rod 22 to be fixed and for the above-mentioned power means 23 to be rotatably mounted on the carriage to ensure movement of the carriage 21. Therefore, when making upward welds on articles that are difficult to turn over, the entire apparatus can be moved over the entire length of the weld. According to FIG. 2, which shows a further embodiment of the device according to the invention, the suspension shaft (1) of the welding forming means 17 is in the form of a point-contact stop element 31 at the end of the bracket 20 located in the vicinity of the welding tip 13. The driven element in this case is preferably formed as a projection 32 made on the surface of the weld forming means 17.
The pressure between the flux 2 and the weld forming means 17 is planned in the process of ti [in each part of the weld to be made depending on the different suspension method and the provision of driven elements on its surface. Optimum conditions for maintaining the specified value can be ensured. The suspension shaft 33 of the flux hopper 1 is connected to the welding part forming means 17.
It is preferred to include means 34 for powering the welding tip 13 against the suspension shaft 33, which can be provided on the bracket 20 on the side of the welding tip 13 facing the welding tip 13. 2. In this case, the shaft 33 is preferably attached to means 34 of the flux hopper 1 suspended on this shaft (so that l constitutes a one-armed lever). An inclined structural arrangement in which the suspension shaft 33 is outside the flux hopper 1) 1) can optimize the gradual change in the position of the flux hopper 1) according to the changing shape of the workpiece to be welded The provision of this means 342 (in contrast to the hopper for the workpieces 3 necessary for welding workpieces with different shapes) [17S-
[Allows you to make a clause.]

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of an overhead type submerged arc welding apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention. 1... Flux hopper, 2... Flux, 3... Material to be welded, 4... Bowl-shaped casing, 5... Flux supply Tube, 6...Screw conveyor%7,8...
... Bevel gear, 9 ... Screw conveyor drive means, 10 ... Flux supply tube boat, 11 ... Finished and rated contact part, 12 ...
... Welding head, 13 ... Welding tip, 14
...Welding rod, 15...Reel, 16.
... Welding rod supply mechanism, 17 ... Welding forming means, 18 ... Suspension shaft of flux hopper, 1
9... Driven element, 20... Bracket, 21... Carriage. 22... Guide rod, 23... Carriage drive means, 24... Hopper drive means, 2
5... Swing shaft of welding part forming means suspension shaft means, 2
6... Two-armed lever, 27... Lever stopper, 28... Auxiliary power means, 29.
...Bogie, 30...Dolly driving means, 31
...Bracket stopper element, 32.
...Protrusion (of driven element)%33...
... Hopper suspension shaft, 34 ... Flux hopper movement means.

Claims (1)

Claims: 1. A hopper (1) containing a flux (2) with a welding head with a welding tip (13) for a consumable welding rod (14), an area adjacent to the welding tip (13); means for supplying and pressurizing the workpiece (3) to be welded in the workpiece, and means for forming the weld (17) disposed in the vicinity of the welding tip (13). Apparatus for upward submerged arc welding, the flux hopper (1) being mounted on the suspension means in such a way as to swing about the axis (18) of the suspension means;
The suspension axis (18) of 1) is mounted on a bracket (20) which is displaceable towards the workpiece (3) to be welded, the bracket (20) being longitudinally and transversely on its own axis. The bracket (20) also carries a welding part forming means (17) pivotably supported on both sides of the direction, and the bracket (20) is configured to come into contact with the surface of the workpiece (3) during welding. A welding device characterized in that it also carries a driven element (19). 2. The suspension shaft of the welding part forming means (17) is connected to the bracket (2).
0) a two-armed lever (25) with its pivot axis (25) on top
The other arm of the lever (26) is designed as a point contact stop (27) at one end of the lever (26), and the other arm of the lever (26) is connected to an auxiliary power means (2) which is rotatably mounted on the bracket (20).
4), and the driven element (19) is pivotally supported on the suspension shaft (18) of the flux hopper (1). 3. The weld zone forming means (17) has a point contact stop (3) at the end of the bracket (20) adjacent to the welding tip (13).
1), while the driven element (19) has the shape of a protrusion (32) on the surface of the weld forming means;
A suspension axis (18) of the flux hopper (1) is provided on the side of the flux forming means (17) remote from the welding tip (13), and the flux hopper (1) imparts movement thereto relative to the suspension axis (18). A welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises means for. 4. A power means (23) configured to move the bracket (20) towards the workpiece (3) to be welded and such that the hopper (1) swings about its suspension axis (18). )
is mounted on a carriage (21) rotatably connected to the flux hopper (1), and its power means (
The carriage (21) with the driven truck (23)
) Claim 1 characterized in that
The welding device described in any one of Items 1 to 3.