JPS6141881B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPS6141881B2
JPS6141881B2 JP17363182A JP17363182A JPS6141881B2 JP S6141881 B2 JPS6141881 B2 JP S6141881B2 JP 17363182 A JP17363182 A JP 17363182A JP 17363182 A JP17363182 A JP 17363182A JP S6141881 B2 JPS6141881 B2 JP S6141881B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
attractant
present
flies
onion
pests
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP17363182A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS5962504A (en
Inventor
Yasushi Mitsui
Masaaki Tsutsumi
Yoshiaki Matsumoto
Yukio Ishikawa
Toshiaki Ikeshoji
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HOTSUKAIDO NOGYO SHIKENJOCHO
Original Assignee
HOTSUKAIDO NOGYO SHIKENJOCHO
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by HOTSUKAIDO NOGYO SHIKENJOCHO filed Critical HOTSUKAIDO NOGYO SHIKENJOCHO
Priority to JP17363182A priority Critical patent/JPS5962504A/en
Publication of JPS5962504A publication Critical patent/JPS5962504A/en
Publication of JPS6141881B2 publication Critical patent/JPS6141881B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明は、Allium属植物(タマネギなど)の
害虫であるタマネギバエ、Hylemya antiqua
Meigen(Diptera:Anthomyiidae)、広範な植物
に加害するタネバエ、Hylemya platura Meigen
(Diptera:Anthomyiidae)などのヒレミア属
(Hylemya)害虫の誘引剤に関する。 タマネギバエ・Hylemya antiqua Meigenは広
く北半球に分布し、タマネギなどのAllium属植
物の重要害虫である。さらにまた、タネバエ・
H・platura M.は加害作物が非常に広く、各種農
作物の発芽種子、幼植物を食害する世界的農業害
虫である。特にこれらの雌害虫は幼植物等の根際
近くに産卵し、このため幼虫が地下部を食害し、
作物を萎凋枯死いたらしめる。しかも、これらは
土壌害虫であるため、殺虫剤による防除効果が期
待し難い。 さらに、ヒレミア属害虫として、前述の2種の
ほかにダイコン等を食害するダイコンバエ(Hy
―lemya floralis Fallen)、ヒメダイコンバエ
(H pilipyga VILLEN.)等が挙げられる。 従来、タマネギバエ、タネバエ等の誘引餌とし
て、それぞれタマネギ切片、タマネギ磨砕汁、糖
みつ、魚カス等が用いられている。しかし、これ
らの誘引餌は誘引力が不充分であるばかりでな
く、その製品により誘引力が一定していなかつた
り、あるいはその誘引力が時間と共に変化してし
まうため、化学誘引物の利用が強く望まれてい
る。 近年、ガ類の害虫については、いわゆる性フエ
ロモンの構造が決定され、この誘引性の性フエロ
モンを用いて害虫の発生消長調査が行われるよう
になつている。しかし、ハエ類の性フエロモンは
その誘引力がガ類に比べて極めて弱く、たとえそ
の化学構造が決定されたとしても、発生消長調査
への利用は疑問視されている。また、一般に性フ
エロモンは雄害虫しか誘引しなので、加害の原因
となる雌害虫は減少せず、被害の直接的な軽減は
ほとんど望むことができないのが現状である。 他方、害虫防除にカイロモン(Kairomone)
(異種個体間の情報伝達物質および生理活性物質
のうち受容側が利益を得るもの。例えば該花性昆
虫では花の勾いなど)を利用する試みが始められ
ている。 タマネギバエ、タネバエに対する誘引力は、健
全植物よりも被害植物の方が強いことが以前より
知られているが、最近、これは植物体にバクテリ
アが作用して誘引カイロモンが作り出されるため
であることが明らかにされた。 本発明者は、バクテリアの作用により変性しつ
つあるタマネギ磨砕汁から誘引カイロモンの分離
同定を行い、この誘引カイロモンを用いることに
よりタマネギバエ、タネバエ等のヒレミア属害虫
の誘引剤を開発し、本発明を完成するに至つた。 本発明の目的は、タヤネギバエ、タネバエ等の
ヒレミア属害虫の雌雄成虫あるいは幼虫を誘引、
捕獲してこれら害虫の発生密度を知り、これによ
り前記害虫の発生予察に役立ち得るのみならず、
大量誘殺によりこれら害虫による被害軽減、ある
いはこれら害虫の防除を達成し得、さらに誘引力
の変動が起こらないヒレミア属害虫の誘引剤を提
供することにある。 前述の目的を達成するため、本発明の誘引剤に
よれば、誘引物質として2―フエニルエタノール
を含有することを特徴とする。 以下、本発明を具体的に詳述する。本発明に使
用する前述の誘引物質は、次のようにして放置タ
マネギ磨砕汁から抽出された。すなわち、強い誘
引力を有する放置タマネギ磨砕汁を減圧水蒸気蒸
留後、留出物をエーテルで抽出すると酸性分画お
よび中性分画に誘引活性が認められ、特に中性分
画の活性は強かつた(室内実験)。そこでこの分
画に含まれる成分をGC―MSにより分離・同定し
たところ、従来から知られているエタノール、酢
酸エチルの他に、イソブチルアルコール、イソア
ミルアルコール、フエニルエタノールの存在を認
めた。これらのうち、フエニルエタノールは室内
実験で弱い誘引活性を示した。そこで、この中性
画分から2―フエニルエタノールを抽出する。 この誘引物質は、強い誘引力を有するものであ
る。 本発明誘引剤は、誘引物質を単独で含有するも
ので、水、ヘキサン、エーテル等の溶媒に溶解し
たものであつてもよい。このような本発明誘引剤
は、プラスチツク製カプセルに封入したり、ある
いはゴム、合成樹脂、砂、シリカゲル、セルロー
ス粉末、その他の粉末、または粒状の担体に吸着
させて使用する。このような本発明誘引剤を用い
た誘引、捕獲の一例を示せば、溶剤、粉剤、ある
いはこれらを塗布あるいは含浸させた適宜の成形
物を、例えば水、その他の液体を入れたバツト上
あるいは適当な粘着物質を塗布した物体上、また
はその付近に設置することにより、タマネギバ
エ、タネバエ等は本発明誘引剤によつて誘引され
てバツト中に落下され、または粘着物質に捕獲さ
れて死ぬ。 前述の本発明誘引剤によれば、タマネギバエ、
タネバエ等のヒレミア属害虫(雌雄成虫および幼
虫)を強力に誘引できるばかりでなく、誘引物質
の濃度、組成を所望の一定値に定めておけば、誘
引力の変動をきたすことがなく、このため標準誘
引製剤として使用することもでき、全国的な発生
の調査比較に利用できる。さらに本発明誘引剤に
よれば、性フエロモンとは違つて雌成虫も多数捕
獲することができるので、大量誘殺により被害の
直接的な軽減も可能であり、タマネギバエ、タネ
バエ等の重要害虫の防除へ寄与するところ多大で
あり、さらに近縁種であるダイコンバエ、ヒメダ
イコンバエの防除も可能である。 以下、本発明を実施例により詳述する。 (実施例 1) 2―フエニルエタノールの0.2%水溶液を調製
し、本発明誘引剤を得た。この誘引剤について、
図に示すハエ捕獲器を用いて、札幌市豊平区羊ケ
丘1番地北海道農業試験場内の枠試験圃において
タマネギバエおよびタネバエに対する誘引力試験
を行つた。 この誘引力試験は、次のとおりに行つた。先
ず、前述の本発明誘引剤を第1図におけるシヤー
レ1に入れ、これに網状の蓋2を施す。この誘引
源をアクリル製透明トラツプ3の下に設置する
と、シヤーレ1内の本発明誘引剤は適度な速度で
大気中に拡散し、このためタマネギバエ、タネバ
エ等の雌雄はトラツプ3の下に誘引され、飛び立
つ際に走光性により孔4を通してトラツプ3内に
捕獲される。 比較のため、前述の本発明誘引剤の代りにタマ
ネギ新鮮磨砕汁および水を用いて前述と同様にし
て試験を行つた結果を表1に示した。また、表1
における数字は、4トラツプ6回反復の合計ハエ
捕獲数である(1981年8月)。
The present invention is directed to the onion fly, Hylemya antiqua, which is a pest of plants of the genus Allium (onions, etc.).
Meigen (Diptera: Anthomyiidae), Hylemya platura Meigen, a seed fly that injures a wide range of plants
Concerning an attractant for Hylemya pests such as (Diptera: Anthomyiidae). The onion fly Hylemya antiqua Meigen is widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere and is an important pest of plants of the genus Allium such as onions. Furthermore, seed flies
H. platura M. is a worldwide agricultural pest that damages a wide variety of crops and damages germinated seeds and young plants of various crops. In particular, these female pests lay eggs near the roots of young plants, and as a result, the larvae feed on the underground parts, causing
It causes crops to wilt and die. Moreover, since these are soil pests, it is difficult to expect a control effect from insecticides. Furthermore, in addition to the two species mentioned above, there is also the radish fly (Hykon radish), which damages daikon radish, etc., as a pest of the genus Hieremia.
- lemya floralis Fallen) and the Japanese radish fly (H pilipyga VILLEN.). Conventionally, onion slices, ground onion juice, molasses, fish scraps, etc. have been used as lures for onion flies, seed flies, etc., respectively. However, these lures not only have insufficient attracting power, but also the attracting power is not constant depending on the product, or the attracting power changes over time, so the use of chemical attractants is strongly recommended. desired. In recent years, the structure of so-called sex pheromone has been determined for moth pests, and this attractive sex pheromone has been used to investigate the development and development of pests. However, the attraction of the sex pheromone of flies is extremely weak compared to that of moths, and even if its chemical structure has been determined, its use in research on development and development is questionable. Furthermore, since sex pheromones generally attract only male pests, the number of female pests that cause damage cannot be reduced, and there is currently little hope of direct reduction of damage. On the other hand, Kairomone is used for pest control.
Attempts have begun to utilize information transmitting substances and physiologically active substances between individuals of different species that benefit the receiving side, such as the gradient of flowers in the case of floral insects. It has long been known that damaged plants have a stronger attraction to onion flies and seed flies than healthy plants, but recently it has been shown that this is due to the production of attracting kairomones by bacteria acting on the plant body. revealed. The present inventor isolated and identified attractant kairomone from ground onion juice that is denaturing due to the action of bacteria, and developed an attractant for onion flies, seed flies, and other pests of the genus Fillemia by using this attractant kairomone, and the present invention I was able to complete it. The purpose of the present invention is to attract male and female adults or larvae of the genus Hieremia pests such as the cylindrical fly and the ash fly,
By capturing these pests and knowing the density of their occurrence, this not only helps in predicting the occurrence of these pests, but also
It is an object of the present invention to provide an attractant for pests of the genus Hieremia, which can reduce damage caused by these pests or control them by mass-killing them, and which does not cause fluctuations in attracting power. In order to achieve the above object, the attractant of the present invention is characterized by containing 2-phenylethanol as an attractant. Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically explained in detail. The above-mentioned attractant used in the present invention was extracted from the ground onion juice as follows. In other words, when left-ground onion juice, which has a strong attracting power, is subjected to vacuum steam distillation and the distillate is extracted with ether, attracting activity is observed in the acidic and neutral fractions, and the activity in the neutral fraction is particularly strong. Katsutata (indoor experiment). When the components contained in this fraction were separated and identified using GC-MS, the presence of isobutyl alcohol, isoamyl alcohol, and phenyl ethanol was observed in addition to the conventionally known ethanol and ethyl acetate. Among these, phenylethanol showed weak attractant activity in laboratory experiments. Therefore, 2-phenylethanol is extracted from this neutral fraction. This attractant has a strong attractive force. The attractant of the present invention may contain the attractant alone or may be dissolved in a solvent such as water, hexane, or ether. The attractant of the present invention is used by being encapsulated in a plastic capsule or adsorbed onto a rubber, synthetic resin, sand, silica gel, cellulose powder, other powder, or granular carrier. An example of attracting and capturing using the attractant of the present invention is to place a solvent, a powder, or an appropriate molded article coated or impregnated with these on a vat containing water or other liquid, or on an appropriate By placing the object on or near an object coated with a sticky substance, onion flies, seed flies, etc. are attracted by the attractant of the present invention and fall into the vat, or are captured by the sticky substance and die. According to the above-mentioned attractant of the present invention, onion fly,
Not only can it strongly attract pests of the genus Fillemia (male and female adults and larvae) such as seed flies, but if the concentration and composition of the attractant are set at a desired constant value, the attracting force will not fluctuate. It can also be used as a standard attractant and can be used to investigate and compare outbreaks across the country. Furthermore, unlike sex pheromones, the attractant of the present invention can also capture a large number of female adults, so it is possible to directly reduce damage by mass-killing, and is useful for controlling important pests such as onion fly and seed fly. This contributes greatly, and it is also possible to control the closely related species, the Japanese radish fly and the Japanese radish fly. Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to Examples. (Example 1) A 0.2% aqueous solution of 2-phenylethanol was prepared to obtain an attractant of the present invention. Regarding this attractant,
Using the fly trap shown in the figure, an attraction test for onion flies and seed flies was conducted in a frame test field in the Hokkaido Agricultural Experiment Station, 1 Hitsujigaoka, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo. This attraction test was conducted as follows. First, the above-mentioned attractant of the present invention is placed in a shear dish 1 shown in FIG. 1, and a net-like lid 2 is placed thereon. When this attraction source is installed under the transparent acrylic trap 3, the attractant of the present invention in the shear tray 1 will diffuse into the atmosphere at a moderate rate, and therefore male and female onion flies, seed flies, etc. will be attracted to the bottom of the trap 3. When they take off, they pass through the hole 4 and are captured in the trap 3 by phototaxis. For comparison, Table 1 shows the results of a test conducted in the same manner as above using fresh ground onion juice and water in place of the above-mentioned attractant of the present invention. Also, Table 1
The numbers in are the total number of flies caught in 6 repetitions of 4 traps (August 1981).

【表】 表1からわかるように、2―フエニルエタノー
ルを誘引剤として含有する本発明誘引剤は、誘引
力がかなり強く、タマネギバエ雌雄に対しては新
鮮タマネギ磨砕汁(放置タマネバ磨砕汁の約1/2
の活性)の捕獲数とほぼ同等であり、特に、タネ
バエ雄に対しては6.3倍、雌に対しては2.8倍の捕
獲数を得た。 (実施例 2) 2―フエニルエタノールの0.02%、0.2%、お
よび2.0%水溶液をそれぞれ調製し、本発明に用
いられる誘引物質の最適濃度を観察した。試験は
図の装置を用いた実施例1と同様に行つた。本試
験では、比較物質として放置タマネギ磨砕汁およ
び水を使用した。この放置タマネギ磨砕汁は、タ
マネギの磨砕汁を圃場に3日間以上放置したもの
(バクテリアの作用を受けて誘引力は新鮮なもの
の約2倍)である。結果を表2に示した。表2中
の数字は、5トラツプ1日の捕獲数である(1982
年8月前掲枠試験圃における午後3時から翌朝午
前9時まで)。
[Table] As can be seen from Table 1, the attractant of the present invention containing 2-phenylethanol as an attractant has a fairly strong attracting force, and has a strong attraction to male and female onion flies. Approximately 1/2 of
In particular, the number of male seed flies caught was 6.3 times higher, and the number of female seed flies was 2.8 times larger. (Example 2) 0.02%, 0.2%, and 2.0% aqueous solutions of 2-phenylethanol were prepared, respectively, and the optimal concentration of the attractant used in the present invention was observed. The test was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1 using the apparatus shown in the figure. In this test, ground onion juice and water were used as comparative substances. This left-ground onion juice is made from ground onion juice that has been left in the field for three days or more (the attraction is about twice that of fresh juice due to the action of bacteria). The results are shown in Table 2. The numbers in Table 2 are the number of 5 traps caught in one day (1982
(from 3:00 p.m. to 9:00 a.m. the next morning) in the above-mentioned test field in August 2018).

【表】【table】

【表】 表2から自明なとおり、2―フエニールエタノ
ールは、0.02%濃度でも若干の誘引力を示すが、
0.2%で最大となり、2.0%では多少減少する傾向
がみられた。したがつて、前述の誘引物質では
0.2%濃度の付近に最適濃度があるように思われ
るが、有効な濃度は相当に幅広いものである。 (注) 表2において、同一の英字が付されている数
値間には有意差がない。 以上のとおり、本発明では2―フエニルエタノ
ール単体として、最も高い効果を得る濃度で用い
ることによりタマネギバエ、タネバエに対する強
力な誘引力を示すことがわかる。本発明は、例え
ば図に示す様に配置し、これをタマネギ圃場に設
置すれことによりその周囲に生息している雌雄の
成虫がトラツプへ誘引、捕獲されるので、タマネ
ギバエ、タネバエ等の発生密度を知ることができ
のみならず、大量の誘殺による害虫防除、被害の
軽減も可能となり、実用上極めて有な誘引剤であ
る。 また、本発明は、ヒレミア属に属する重要害
虫、ダイコンバエ、ヒメダイコンバエに対しても
前述と同様に有効である。
[Table] As is obvious from Table 2, 2-phenylethanol shows some attraction even at a concentration of 0.02%, but
It reached a maximum at 0.2%, and a tendency to decrease somewhat at 2.0% was observed. Therefore, in the attractant mentioned above,
Although there appears to be an optimum concentration around a 0.2% concentration, there is a fairly wide range of effective concentrations. (Note) In Table 2, there is no significant difference between the numbers marked with the same letter. As described above, it can be seen that in the present invention, when 2-phenylethanol is used as a simple substance at a concentration that achieves the highest effect, it exhibits a strong attracting force to onion flies and seed flies. The present invention is arranged as shown in the figure, and by installing it in an onion field, adult male and female insects living around it are attracted to the trap and captured, thereby reducing the density of onion flies, seed flies, etc. It is an extremely useful attractant in practical use, as it not only allows you to know what is going on, but also allows you to control pests and reduce damage by attracting large amounts of insects. Furthermore, the present invention is also effective against important pests belonging to the genus Hieremia, such as the Japanese radish fly and the Japanese radish fly, in the same manner as described above.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

図は本発明誘引剤を使用するためのハエ捕獲器
である。 1…シヤーレ、2…蓋、3…トラツプ、4…
孔。
The figure shows a fly trap for using the attractant of the present invention. 1... Shear, 2... Lid, 3... Trap, 4...
Hole.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 誘引物質として、2―フエニルエタノールを
含有することを特徴とするヒレミア属害虫の誘引
剤。
1. An attractant for pests of the genus Hieremia, which is characterized by containing 2-phenylethanol as an attractant.
JP17363182A 1982-10-01 1982-10-01 Attractant for noxious insect belonging to genus hylemya Granted JPS5962504A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP17363182A JPS5962504A (en) 1982-10-01 1982-10-01 Attractant for noxious insect belonging to genus hylemya

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP17363182A JPS5962504A (en) 1982-10-01 1982-10-01 Attractant for noxious insect belonging to genus hylemya

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP29729585A Division JPS61165306A (en) 1985-12-27 1985-12-27 Attractant to inset pests in hylemya

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS5962504A JPS5962504A (en) 1984-04-10
JPS6141881B2 true JPS6141881B2 (en) 1986-09-18

Family

ID=15964188

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP17363182A Granted JPS5962504A (en) 1982-10-01 1982-10-01 Attractant for noxious insect belonging to genus hylemya

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS5962504A (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63143395A (en) * 1986-12-08 1988-06-15 Daikin Ind Ltd Movable scroll of scroll type fluid machinery
JPH0195584U (en) * 1987-12-16 1989-06-23
JPH02173380A (en) * 1988-12-24 1990-07-04 Hitachi Ltd Scroll compressor

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2751960B1 (en) * 1996-08-01 1998-10-30 Pernod Ricard 2-PHENYL ETHANOL EXTRACTION PROCESS
US8966812B2 (en) 2007-12-06 2015-03-03 Susan Mcknight, Inc. Trap for bed bugs and the like
EP2440046A4 (en) * 2009-06-11 2013-10-02 Internat Ct Of Insect Physiology And Ecololgy Icipe Compositions for attracting blood-feeding insects
CN106386875B (en) * 2016-12-01 2019-07-12 福建省罗源创鲜农业科技有限公司 A kind of edible fungus culturing smoked worm particle and preparation method thereof
CN106386883B (en) * 2016-12-01 2019-07-12 福建省罗源创鲜农业科技有限公司 A kind of edible mushroom smokes worm particle and preparation method thereof

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63143395A (en) * 1986-12-08 1988-06-15 Daikin Ind Ltd Movable scroll of scroll type fluid machinery
JPH0195584U (en) * 1987-12-16 1989-06-23
JPH02173380A (en) * 1988-12-24 1990-07-04 Hitachi Ltd Scroll compressor

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