JPS6141694B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a wire cut electric discharge machining apparatus, and more particularly to an improvement in a wire guide for holding a wire electrode in a predetermined position above and below a workpiece.

There is a well-known device that disposes a wire electrode facing the workpiece in a running state, supplies discharge power between the workpiece and the wire electrode, and performs electrical discharge machining on the workpiece. It has the advantage that a complex machining shape can be machined extremely easily and with high accuracy by relatively moving the machine along the desired machining shape. This type of wire-cut electric discharge machining equipment is provided with a pair of wire guides above and below the workpiece to hold the wire electrode in a predetermined position. The disadvantage was that it was difficult to attach and detach the wire guide.

FIG. 1 shows the main parts of a conventional wire-cut electric discharge machining apparatus, in which electric discharge power is supplied between a workpiece 10 and a wire electrode 12 from a machining power source 14,
A machining shape determined by relative movement between the workpiece 10 and the wire electrode 12 is electrical discharge machined. The wire electrode 12 is guided from the supply reel 16 through a guide roller 18 and an upper wire guide 20 to the workpiece 10, and through a lower wire guide 22 and a guide roller 24 before being wound onto a take-up reel 26. Usually, the wire guides 20 and 22 are made of a material with good wear resistance, such as sapphire or ceramic.

FIG. 2 shows a cross section of the upper wire guide 20, the wire guide surface 20a of which consists of a V-groove,
The wire electrode 12 is urged against the wire guide surface 20a by its tension.

A conventional wire guide has a configuration as shown in FIG.
When electrical discharge machining is performed between the wire electrode 1
When this discharge reaction force acts in the direction shown by arrow A in FIG. 2, the wire electrode 12 is separated from the wire guide surface 20a, and as a result, the machining position is changed. The drawback was that fluctuations or vibrations occurred, resulting in a decrease in machining accuracy.

FIG. 3 shows the lower wire guide 22 of FIG. 1. In this conventional device, the wire electrode 12 is urged toward the wire guide surface 22a of the wire guide 22 by a guide piece 28. According to the apparatus, it is possible to reliably eliminate the separation phenomenon of the wire electrode 12 due to the discharge reaction force as shown in FIG. 2, and it is possible to obtain stable electric discharge machining.
However, the conventional device shown in FIG. 3 has the disadvantage that it is troublesome to insert the wire electrode 12 between the wire guide 22 and the guide piece 28 at the time of starting electric discharge or when the wire breaks, resulting in a decrease in machining efficiency. It was hot.

FIG. 4 shows another conventional wire guide,
The wire electrode 12 is held in place by a die-shaped wire guide 30. The die-shaped wire guide 30 is usually 5 to 5 mm larger than the diameter of the wire electrode 12.
It has a guide hole that is about 10 microns larger, and the wire guide 12 is inserted through this guide hole, and the wire guide 12 can be correctly positioned in all directions, so the wire electrode 12 due to the conventional discharge reaction force can be inserted into the guide hole.
movement and vibration can be removed, but the third
Wire electrode 12 to wire guide 30 as shown in the figure.
The drawback was that it was troublesome to put on and take off.

Still another conventional embodiment is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, and this embodiment has the advantage that the wire electrode can be attached and detached very easily by the split wire guide that can be opened and closed.

The wire guides 32 and 34 have two die-shaped guides.
It consists of a divided half-moon shape, and is fixed to the tips of the first and second swing levers 36 and 38, respectively, by adhesive or the like. Both swing levers 36 and 38 are connected to the base plate 4
The levers 36, 38 and the shafts 42, 44
A bearing is provided between the two, and the bearing 46 of the second swing lever 38 is illustrated in FIG. Rollers 48, 50 are rotatably supported at the other ends of both swinging levers 36, 38 by shafts 52, 54, and a tension spring 56 is provided between the legs of both levers 36, 38.
is hung. On the other hand, a switch 58 having a tapered surface at the tip is slidably provided on the substrate 40, and the switch 58 is driven by an opening/closing drive device (not shown).
8 is driven in the direction of arrow BC.

The conventional device shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 has the above configuration,
During electrical discharge machining, the switch 58 is driven in the direction of arrow C, and the tapered end of the switch 58 presses the rollers 48, 50 to rotate the swing levers 36, 38 against the biasing force of the spring 56. As a result, the wire guides 32 and 34 provided at the tips of both swing levers 36 and 38 are brought into close contact with each other and the wire electrode 12 is held at a predetermined position as a dice-shaped wire guide. When attaching and detaching the wire electrode 12, the switch 58
is driven in the direction of arrow B, and as a result, both swing levers 36 and 38 are automatically rotated by the biasing force of spring 56, and as a result, both wire guides 32,
34 can be opened and the wire electrode 12 can be attached and detached very easily.

However, in the conventional device shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the wire guides 32 and 34 are provided at the tips of the swinging levers 36 and 38, so there is a gap in each shaft support or contact between the switch 58 and the rollers 48 and 50. Due to dimensional errors in the parts, a large deviation occurs in the holding position of the wire electrode, making it impossible to obtain an accurate holding position, and as shown in FIG. 7, the wire guides 32 and 34 are misaligned, causing There have been disadvantages such as making it impossible to insert the wire or causing the wire to break during electrical discharge machining.

The present invention was made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and its purpose is to provide an improved wire electrode that can be held in a predetermined position with high precision and that can be extremely easily attached and detached. An object of the present invention is to provide a wire cut electrical discharge machining device.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes a wire electrode that is moved relative to a workpiece along a desired machining shape, a pair of wire guides that hold the wire electrode above and below the workpiece, In the wire-cut electric discharge machining apparatus that processes the workpiece by generating an electric discharge between a traveling wire electrode and the workpiece, each of the wire guides has a wire guide surface and is slidable by a sliding opening/closing device. It consists of a first and a second wire guide piece that are opened and closed movably, and each wire guide piece is formed with a contact surface that regulates the sliding direction position of the second wire guide piece in the closed state, and the sliding The opening/closing device includes a stopper that regulates the closed position of the first wire guide piece, a sliding guide that regulates the sliding direction of the second wire guide piece, and simultaneous and automatic opening/closing control of both wire guide pieces. and a switching device for attaching and detaching the wire electrode when the wire guide is in an open state.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

8 and 9 show preferred embodiments of the wire guide according to the present invention. The wire guide in the present invention includes first and second slidable wire guide pieces 60, 62, both wire guide pieces 60,
Wire guide surface 60a provided on the opposite part of 62
The wire electrode 12 is held between and 62a.
In the embodiment, the wire guide surface 60a consists of a V-groove, and the wire guide surface 62a consists of a rectangular groove, and the guide dimensions of both wire guide surfaces are set to be approximately 5 to 10 microns larger than the diameter of the wire electrode 12. The running wire electrode 12 can be held in a reliable and accurate position. Both wire guide pieces 60, 62 are preferably formed from a material with good wear resistance, such as sapphire, ceramic, or diamond. Both wire guide pieces 60, 62 have wire guide surfaces 60a,
In the embodiment, the second wire guide piece 62 is slidable by itself, and the first wire guide piece 60 is fixed to the mounting plate 66 by screws 64. It can be slid in any condition.

8 and 9, the contact surface 60b of the first wire guide piece 60 is the contact surface 6 of the second wire guide piece 62.
2b is shown, and at this time, the closed state fixed position of the first wire guide piece 60 is in contact with the substrate 40.
Positioning is regulated by stoppers 68, 70, 72, and 74 fixed to. Stopper 68,7
0 positions the first wire guide piece 60 in the Y-axis direction, and stoppers 72 and 74 position the first wire guide piece 60 in the X-axis direction.

On the other hand, the second wire guide piece 62 is provided slidably in the X-axis direction by a sliding guide 76, and its closed state fixed position is determined by the abutment surface with the first wire guide piece 60 and the sliding guide 76. It will be regulated.

An opening/closing device is provided to simultaneously control opening and closing of both the wire guide pieces 60, 62, and the opening/closing device in the illustrated embodiment includes a cylinder 78 for providing the opening/closing driving force. The cylinder 78 is composed of an air cylinder or the like, and one end of the cylinder 78 is rotatably supported on the base plate 40 by a fixing pin 80. Cylinder rod 82 of cylinder 78 is connected to first wire guide piece 60 via a first linkage and to second wire guide piece 62 via a second linkage.

The first link mechanism includes a shaft pin 84 fixed to the base plate 40, and a lever 8 pivotally supported by the shaft pin 84.
One end of the lever 86 is connected to the cylinder rod 82 by a pin 88, and a pin 90 provided at the other end of the lever 86 is connected to one end of a link 92.
The other end of 2 is fixed to the mounting plate 66 via a pin 94. Therefore, the movement of the cylinder rod 82 is transmitted to the mounting plate 66 via the lever 86 and the link 92, and the mounting plate 66, that is, the first wire guide piece 60, is slid in a direction of approximately 45 degrees with respect to the XY axis. The Rukoto.

On the other hand, the second link mechanism includes a link 98 connected to a pin 88 and a pin 96 fixed to the second wire guide piece 62, and a spring 100 is provided in the middle of the link 98. Therefore, the movement of the cylinder rod 82 is transmitted from the second linkage to the second wire guide piece 62 via the spring 100, allowing the wire guide piece 62 to slide along the sliding guide 76.

The embodiment of the present invention has the above configuration, and its operation will be explained below.

8 and 9 show a closed fixed position in which the contact surfaces 60b and 62b of both wire guide pieces 60 and 62 are in contact with each other, and the wire electrode 12 is connected to the wire guide surface 60.
a, 62a, and are correctly positioned and held.

When attaching the wire electrode 12 at the time of wire breakage or discharge start, both wire guide pieces 60 to
62 is opened, but for this purpose cylinder 78
is driven and controlled by a drive device (not shown),
Cylinder rod 82 is driven in the direction of arrow E.
This driving force is transmitted to both wire guide pieces 60, 62 via the first and second link mechanisms. In other words, a driving force is applied to the first wire guide piece 60 along the arrow F having an angle of approximately 45 degrees with the XY axis, and the mounting plate 66 moves in the direction of the arrow F to control the fixing position of the mounting plate 66. 68, 70, 72,
Stay away from 74. At the same time, the driving force of the cylinder rod 82 in the direction of arrow E is also transmitted to the second wire guide piece 62 via the second link mechanism including the spring 100, and as a result, the wire guide piece 62
slides along the sliding guide 76 in the direction of arrow G. Therefore, both wire guide surfaces 60a, 62a are opened, and the wire electrode 12 can be inserted into a desired wire guide position very easily. 10th
This open position is shown in the figure, and it is understood that both wire guide pieces 60, 62 are controlled to open and close at the same time.

After the insertion of the wire electrode 12 into the desired guide position is completed, a driving force in the opposite direction is supplied to the cylinder 78, and both wire guide pieces 60 and 62 operate the link mechanism again from the open position shown in FIG. The movement is controlled to the closed position shown in FIG. At this time, the biasing force of the spring 100 is applied to the cylinder 78.
Since the driving force of the cylinder 78 is set smaller than that of the second link mechanism, the second link mechanism reliably reduces the driving force of the cylinder 78 to the second link mechanism.
can be transmitted to both wire guide pieces 62 by a single cylinder 78.
0 and 62 at the same time, the closed fixed position shown in FIG. 8 is always preferentially restricted to the position determined by the first wire guide piece 60 due to the flexibility of the spring 100. That is, the first wire guide piece 60 is connected to the stoppers 68, 70, 72, 7.
4, and on the other hand, the second wire guide piece 62 is regulated at a position determined by the contact surface with the first wire guide piece 60 and the sliding guide 76, so that the closed state can be fixed accurately. You can get the location.

As explained above, according to the present invention, the fixing positions of both the divided wire guide pieces are regulated in the wire electrode holding state, so that it is possible to prevent the occurrence of misalignment of the wire guide parts in the conventional case. The wire electrode can be held in the correct position, and each wire guide can be opened and closed automatically by the opening/closing device, eliminating the troublesome manual opening and closing of the wire guide piece when attaching and detaching the wire electrode. Since there is no need to carry out any work, the wire electrode can be attached and detached very easily. Furthermore, as is clear from Fig. 10, the wire electrode insertion gap can be set wide when the wire guide piece is in the open position, so It has the advantage that insertion is easy and automatic insertion can be performed using a wire electrode automatic retracting device or the like.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a wire cut electrical discharge machining apparatus having a conventional wire guide section, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are cross-sectional views of FIG. 1, respectively, showing the conventional wire guide structure. , FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing an example of a wire cut electric discharge machining apparatus having another conventional wire guide section, FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the structure of still another conventional wire guide section, and FIG. 7 is an enlarged plan view of the main part of the wire guide section in FIGS. 5 and 6, and FIG. 8 is a preferred embodiment of a wire cut electric discharge machining apparatus having a wire guide section according to the present invention. 9 is a sectional view of the main part of FIG. 8, and FIG. 10 is a plan view showing the wire guide portion in the embodiment of FIG. 8 in an open state. The same members in each figure are given the same reference numerals, 10 is the workpiece, 12 is the wire electrode, 40 is the substrate, and 60 is the first
, 62 is a second wire guide piece, 60a, 62a are wire guide surfaces, 60b,
62b is a contact surface, 68, 70, 72, 74 are stoppers, 76 is a sliding guide, 78 is a cylinder, 86
is a lever, 92 and 98 are links, and 100 is a spring.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A wire electrode that is moved relative to a workpiece along a desired machining shape, and a pair of wire guides that hold the wire electrode above and below the workpiece, and that travels. In a wire-cut electrical discharge machining apparatus that processes a workpiece by generating an electric discharge between a wire electrode and a workpiece, each wire guide has a wire guide surface and is slidably opened and closed by a sliding opening/closing device. 1st and 2nd
each wire guide piece is formed with a contact surface that regulates the sliding direction position of the second wire guide piece in the closed state, and the sliding opening/closing device has a first wire guide piece. Consisting of a stopper that regulates the closed state position of the wire guide piece, a sliding guide that regulates the sliding direction of the second wire guide piece, and an opening/closing device that simultaneously and automatically controls opening and closing of both wire guide pieces, A wire cut electric discharge machining device characterized in that a wire electrode is attached and detached with a wire guide in an open state.