JPS6140392Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] This invention relates to a plate-type fruit sorting device that sorts spherical fruits and vegetables such as mandarin oranges and various other oranges (navel, hassaku, summer citrus, etc.) without impact. The present invention relates to a fruit sorting device that supports a fruit sorting plate on two shafts and sequentially opens the fruit sorting plate in a double-door shape to sort fruits.

Conventionally, fruit sorting equipment commonly used in mandarin fruit sorting plants, etc. consists of a series of large-diameter fruit sorting drums with holes corresponding to each grade. A system is adopted in which the groups of oranges are fed out using appropriate means and fall into the sorting drums arranged one after the other, starting with the smaller ones. For this reason, when the oranges (large size) reach the final fruit sorting drum, they pass through multiple fruit sorting drums, so they are severely damaged by rolling impact, and even if they fall into the desired fruit sorting drum. Since the distance between the fruit and the drawer belt provided inside the fruit is large, the fruit is subject to falling impact, and in any case, the fruit is easily damaged. Particularly in the case of large zakan, the damage is severe and the sorting efficiency is also reduced.

Furthermore, as a fruit sorting method for improving the above-mentioned defects, there is, for example, a photoelectric sorting device (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 53-136864, etc.), but in this photoelectric type, at least the fruits are arranged in a row and fed to the detection unit. This method is inefficient, tends to cause agitation during feeding, and has a large fruit diameter detection error. The biggest problem with this method is that it requires expensive equipment. In addition, a plate system has been proposed in place of the fruit sorting drum (publication of Utility Model Publication No. 56-41813), but these plates are simply a single plate with a fruit sorting hole punched in the center. The plate, and thus also this support, is pivoted to a shaft at one end. In this type of single plate, once the fruit is stuck, it is difficult to escape from the sorting hole. For this reason, a pressurizing body for extraction is provided at a position where the fruit sorting plate hangs down, which results in substantial damage to the fruit. In addition, unless the installation position with the pull-out belt placed below is at least greater than the length of the fruit sorting plate, collision will occur when it hangs down, which inevitably results in a large head difference and a large fall impact. It is still far from being practical.

In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, the present invention provides a chain-type fruit sorting device in which a group of fruit sorting plates that are divided into two are assembled into a unit within a frame, and the attachment to the conveyance chain section is simplified.

That is, in the present invention, the fruit sorting plate is made into a pair of plate parts that are divided into two parts in the front and back in the traveling direction, and the plate parts are supported by two axes, and as the fruit sorting plate advances, they are successively suspended from the lower fruit sorting plate side in a double-fold shape. Allowing the fruits fitted into the sorting holes of the fruit sorting plate to fall naturally;
Moreover, the height difference between the plate and the pull-out belt disposed below can be reduced to 1/2 compared to a single plate.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to drawings of embodiments.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a rectangular frame body with support pieces 2 for attaching a conveyor chain protruding from the center of both sides of the frame body 1. A support shaft 3 passes through the front and rear sides of the frame body 1, and an edge of the frame body is located on the side in the direction of movement. 1a at an appropriate angle (for example, 7
A regulating piece 4 for returning the plate is provided in a protruding manner, and a receiving piece 5 for returning the plate is disposed on the upper surface of both ends. Reference numeral 6 denotes a fruit sorting plate which is divided into two sections in the forward and backward directions of movement in which an appropriate number of fruit sorting holes 7 are arranged in the longitudinal direction. The fruit sorting plates 6 having a small size 7 are stacked one after another at the lowest position, and the supporting pieces 8, 8 provided at the ends of the plate parts 6a, 6b of each division of the fruit sorting plate 6 are attached to the frame 1. The plate portions 6a, 6b as a whole are pivoted on support shafts 3, 3 at both ends of the plate 2.
A shaft type fruit sorting plate unit 9 is formed. In this case, the width (length) of the plurality of fruit sorting plates 6 is such that the width (length) of the plate at the lowest layer position with small fruit sorting holes 7 is the minimum, and gradually increases toward the upper layer position, and the side edges are shaped like steps. It seems that it shows. Also, among each fruit sorting plate 6, one plate portion 6 on the front side in the traveling direction
A weight and drooping guide piece 10 for receiving the opposite end of the plate portion 6b is attached to the lower surface of the open end of the plate portion a, respectively.
The 10 groups of weight/hanging guide pieces are arranged continuously in parallel on both sides of the frame 1. Of course, the thickness of the 10 groups of weight/hanging guide pieces is inversely proportional to the laminated thickness of each 6 group of fruit sorting plates, and the entire lower surface is flat.

Now, when constructing the fruit sorting device 11 using the fruit sorting plate unit 9, each fruit sorting device is connected to an endless parallel conveyor chain 14, 14 with sprockets 13, 13' arranged before and after the installation on both insides of the machine body 12. This is for constructing the plate unit 9. That is, the link plate portion 14a of the conveyance chain 14
The support piece 2 of the frame 1 of the fruit sorting plate unit 9 is fixed to the mounting piece 14b provided protruding from the side, and the fruit sorting plate units 9 are then arranged one after another. In this case, a step-shaped guide rod 16 supported slidably inward and outward by a catch 15 protruding from the body 12 is located on the inner side of each conveyance chain 14, which becomes the carry surface. Conveying chain 1 on the top surface of 16
The groups of 10 weights and hanging guide pieces in the fruit sorting plate unit 9 attached to the fruit sorting plate unit 4 are brought into contact with each other, and
The 6 groups of fruit sorting plates are opened in a stepwise manner according to the step-like fruit sorting steps 17. 18 is a presser pulley for the fruit sorting plate coaxially arranged inside the sprocket 13 on the front side (feeding side);
Reference numeral 19 denotes a photoelectric switch for detecting plate return malfunction, which is provided on both sides of the body 12 of the forward return surface. To explain this operation now, first of all, in the illustration, ten fruit sorting plates 6 of each fruit sorting plate unit 9 are stacked. Under normal fruit sorting conditions, five classes (2L, L, M, S, 2S) are used, and five fruit sorting plates 6 can be arranged at this time, but with this device, mandarin oranges, navels, Iyokan,
There will be a large number of cards so that you can deal with Hassaku, Amanatsu, and Natsukan in a sliding manner. The sorting holes 7 of these ten fruit sorting plates 6 are, for example, 55φ and 61 mm from the small size.
φ, 67φ, 73φ, 80φ, 88φ, 95φ, 102φ, 109
It is φ, 116φ.

Here, the fruit A fed out through the alignment feeding means 20 which supplies one fruit to each of the fruit sorting holes 7 arranged in the fruit sorting plate 6 installed in front of the fruit sorting device 11 is fed to the fruit sorting plate 6. The fruit is allowed to fall to the 7th position of the sorting hole. In this case, since the fruit sorting holes 7 of the plurality of fruit sorting plates 6 become smaller in diameter toward the lower layer, the entire group of fruit sorting holes 7 is used to form the mortar-shaped saucer portion 7'.
Therefore, the fruit A is reliably accommodated in the sorting hole 7. In addition, a collar piece 22 with a cushioning member 21 made of rubber or the like is provided protruding from the edge of the fruit sorting hole 7 of the fruit sorting plate 6, which is the uppermost surface, to ensure guidance when the fruit falls and to prevent it from bouncing back. Prevent jumping out. Of course, for this front side of the carry surface,
At least the weight and drooping guide piece 10 of the fruit sorting plate 6A, which is the lowest layer, is received by the guide rod 16 surface and the non-open state is maintained. In addition, this guide rod 16 has a presser pulley 18 with a slightly smaller diameter arranged at the front sprocket 13 position.
Since the guide rod 16 is placed in contact with the lower surface (fruit sorting plate surface) of the fruit sorting plate unit 9 which is transferred from the return surface to the carry surface, it is sufficient to install the guide rod 16 from the front of the carry surface side.

As the conveyance chain 14 runs, the fruit sorting plate unit 9 slides the weight/hanging guide piece 10 on the lower surface of the guide rod 16 and moves forward. The weight and hanging guide piece 10 of the fruit plate 6A is located in the first fruit sorting step part 17a in the guide rod 16, and the weight and hanging guide piece 10 falls into this cutout 17a' and is integrated with this. As the plate part 6a, which is the front part in the traveling direction, hangs down and opens, the other plate part 6b whose open end is locked by the weight and hanging guide piece 10 also hangs down, and the plate parts 6a, 6b The whole is double-doored,
At this time, if there is fruit A that is received only in the fruit sorting hole 7 at the lowest position, it will fall, and this first fruit sorting step section 17
It can be drawn out laterally by a pull-out belt 23 that serves as a conveyor provided below position a.

In this case, since the fruit sorting plate 6 has a two-part structure pivoted on two shafts arranged at both ends, the width of the plate that can be hung is at least 1/2 of the width of one plate.
Therefore, the installation position of the pull-out belt 23 can be placed extremely close to the open end of the plate, just two widths apart, and the impact of the drop can be alleviated accordingly.

Next, when the fruit sorting plate unit 9 moves sequentially on the guide rod 16, the weight and hanging guide piece 10 of the second layer fruit sorting plate 6 moves to the next second fruit sorting step section 17b.
When the fruit sorting plate 6 faces the fruit sorting hole 7, the fruit sorting plate 6 is divided into two parts as described above, and if there is any fruit A that can only be received by the fruit sorting hole 7, it will fall. The fruit sorting plates 6, which are subsequently stacked one after another, are opened at the fruit sorting step portion 17 of the guide rod 16 that matches them.

In this way, when the 9 groups of fruit sorting plate units having the opened fruit sorting plates 6 come to the sprocket 13' position facing the forward return side,
The fruit sorting plate unit 9 is supported at one point, with the support piece 2 of the frame 1 attached to a single link plate 14a in the conveyance chain 14.
The conveyor chain 14 rotates in response to the rolling of the sprocket, and moves downward without difficulty. At this time, the plate portions 6a and 6b of the fruit sorting plate 6 at the carry surface (horizontal surface) position are hanging down from the support shafts 3 and 3 due to their own weight, but they become the sprocket 13' portion. At the rotational position, the frame 1 is also sequentially tilted, so that the hanging states of the play parts 6a and 6b with respect to the frame 1 become different. That is, as shown in FIG. 9, for the a-position frame 1,
The plate part 6b at the rear in the direction of travel remains hanging down due to its own weight, but the plate part 6a at the front has its lower part in contact with the edge of the plate return regulating piece 4, which is hooked onto the frame 1. Make it tilt so that it is like scooping it. Further, when the frame 1 advances to position b, the plate portion 6b moves closer to the inside of the frame 1 due to drooping, but the plate portion 6a becomes sideways (horizontal) due to the regulating piece 4. In the C-position frame body 1, the plate portion 6b almost fits within the frame body 1, but the plate portion 6a is turned upward (rising) by the regulating piece 4, and the plate portion 6a is
stands up almost vertically at the d position frame body 1. Finally, when the frame 1 is in the horizontal position facing the return surface,
Since the regulating piece 4 at the end of the frame body 1 is slightly inclined backward (inside the frame), the plate portion 6a is also pressed backward from the vertically rising position, and the weight and drooping guide piece provided at the tip of the plate portion 6a 10 is applied, and the plate portion 6a falls sideways inward about the support shaft 3. Of course, at this time, the other plate portion 6b, which is at the rear in the direction of movement, has already been accommodated within the frame 1, so the end of the pivoted weight/hanging guide piece 10 overlaps the edge of the plate portion 6b. The double door state will automatically change to the folded state.

Next, the fruit sorting plate unit 9 with the fruit sorting plate 6 folded passes through the return surface and moves to the front sprocket 13 position on the feeding side. In this case, there is a photoelectric switch 1 on the return surface.
9, the plate portion 6 is
If there is a malfunction in the return of the plates 6a and 6b and the plate portions 6a and 6b remain in an upright position, it is immediately detected, and the power to the drive motor 24 is turned off to stop the movement of the conveyance chain 14. In this way, when the fruit sorting plate unit 9 comes to the sprocket 13 side and moves to the carry surface side, the sprocket 1
Since the presser pulley 18 coaxially arranged with the folded fruit sorting plate 6 rolls in contact with the lower surface (the upper surface in the case of the return surface) of the folded fruit sorting plate 6, the group of plates 6 does not break the stacked state. It faces towards the carrier side. Therefore, when in the carry surface position, the weight/hanging guide piece 10 is in the lower surface position and smoothly moves onto the guide rod 16 and slides thereon.

The guide rod 16 having the step-like fruit sorting section 17 is movable inwardly with respect to the machine body 12 with appropriate feeding means, thereby making it possible to sort fruit that can handle the classes of various fruits to be selected. .

As mentioned above, the plate-type fruit sorting device of the present invention has a fruit sorting plate with sorting holes arranged in a double-divided double-open type (two-shaft type), and a group of fruit sorting plates is housed in a frame. By forming the fruit sorting plate unit, attachment to the conveyance chain is simplified, and therefore, the work of replacing the fruit sorting plates can be uniformly performed, making maintenance and inspection easy. Furthermore, since this fruit sorting plate unit is attached to the conveyance chain with one-point support to a single link plate portion, the rolling transition at the sprocket portion is also smooth. In addition, the front plate part in the direction of travel that is divided into two parts is equipped with a weight and drooping guide piece that locks the edge of the other plate part at the tip, so there is a pair of pieces that can be released when moving to the return surface side. The plate part is reliably automatically folded, and by using the weight and hanging guide piece as a sliding piece for the guide rod on which the step-like fruit sorting section is arranged, there is no direct sliding friction on the fruit sorting plate itself. The fruit sorting plate can withstand long-term use without being damaged.

Furthermore, by dividing the fruit sorting plate into two parts and adopting a double-folding method, compared to the conventional fruit sorting plate which is a single plate, the height relative to the pull-out conveyor can be reduced to at least 1/2, reducing the impact of falling during fruit sorting. It can be kept to a minimum. Of course, since the sorting hole part is divided into two parts and opened, there is no need to use a pusher to remove the fruit, unlike when a single plate has sorting holes. (large), it falls naturally and is sure to leave the sorting hole (no catch). In addition, since the base end of each plate part is directly supported on the support shaft with a support piece, it is possible to cope with repeated opening and closing movements of the plate part over a long period of time (in the conventional single plate type, the plate part Since the end is suspended and engaged with a link member that is not connected to the support shaft, it has a large play and is easily damaged.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 1 is a plan view, Fig. 2 is a side view, Fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the sorting state, Fig. 4 is a plan view of the same, and Fig. 5 is a side view. FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the fruit sorting plate unit, FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the fruit sorting plate unit, FIG. Fig. 10 is a front view showing the relationship between the weight/hanging guide piece and the guide rod, Fig. 11 is an oblique view showing the main parts of the front sprocket, Fig. 12 is a slope view with fruits placed on it. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Frame body, 2...Supporting piece for attaching the conveyance chain, 3...Spindle, 4...Regulating piece for returning the plate,
5... Return receiving piece, 6... Fruit sorting plate, 6
a, 6b... Plate part, 7... Fruit sorting hole, 8...
Support piece, 9...Two-axis type fruit sorting plate unit, 1
0... Weight and hanging guide piece, 13, 13... Sprocket, 14... Conveyance chain, 16... Guide rod, 18... Presser pulley for fruit sorting plate.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A plurality of fruit sorting plates each having a plurality of fruit sorting holes of various sizes arranged concentrically are placed two in the front and back in the direction of travel.
In a plate-type fruit sorting device that divides the fruit and sorts the fruits by hanging them in a double-fold pattern from the bottom position, a horizontally long rectangular frame body has a conveyor chain mounting support piece at the outside center on both sides and a return receiving piece inside the frame on both sides. A pair of two-divided fruit sorting plates, which are stacked, are pivoted to a support shaft inserted through the front and rear ends of the plate, with support pieces placed at the front and rear ends of each plate, and the fruit sorting plates in the advancing direction for each layer are pivoted. Attach a weight and drooping guide piece to each end of the plate portion of the plate so that the bottom surfaces thereof are on the same plane, and receive the opposing plate end and become the side of the fruit sorting plate with the weight and drooping guide piece. A regulating piece for returning the plate that tilts inward is provided protrudingly on the lower surface of the frame in the advancing direction.
A large-diameter presser pulley for the fruit sorting plate is installed coaxially with a sprocket arranged from the return surface to the carry surface of a pair of conveyor chains that form a shaft-type fruit sorting plate unit and attach both ends of the fruit sorting plate unit to one point support. In addition, a guide rod having a planar stepped fruit sorting step is arranged on both sides of the carry surface, and a weight and hanging guide piece of the fruit sorting plate is slidably connected to the stepped fruit sorting step. fruit equipment.