JPS613855A - Manufacture of fiber reinforced metallic composite material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a fiber assemblage used for the titled composite material and suppressed the variance of strength by feeding a liquid in which many staple fibers are dispersed into a vessel having a filter layer, sucking the liquid to form the fiber assemblage on the surface of filter. CONSTITUTION:The filter layer 5 having holes 4 (about 1-2mm. diameter) is provided in the vessel 1 consisting of mold main bodies 2, 3 capable of opening in the right and left directions, and stainless steel of about 500 mesh is spread thereon. The staple fibers 11 are dispersed in a water 12, and pured into the vessel 1 of closed die, and sucked at 5-10mm. Hg from a sucking hole 8. The water 12 is discharged outside a cavity 1a through the layer 5, and the fibers 11 are accumulated on the surface of the layer 5. The accumulated fibers are dried, then a piston 13 is inserted into the cavity 1a to press the fiber 11 and form the fiber assemblage. A molten metal is brought into contact with said assemblage to permeate it uniting to one body, then said body is cooled to manufacture the good fiber reinforced metallic composite material.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a fiber-reinforced metal composite material in which a base metal is reinforced with short fibers such as whiskers.

[Prior Art] A men-reinforced metal composite material is generally produced by contacting and permeating a molten base metal into a fiber aggregate, and solidifying the welded base metal. Here, the fiber aggregate is conventionally formed by pressing a large number of short fibers such as whiskers using a press.

However, in a fiber aggregate formed only by pressure using a press, variations in the distribution of short parts such as whiskers are likely to occur. Furthermore, pilling is likely to occur due to the entanglement of short I1Ms such as whiskers.

Therefore, in order to solve this problem, the applicant of the present invention has recently developed a method of dispersing short fibers in a liquid, removing the dispersed liquid, and thereby forming a fiber aggregate. This is an invention related to Patent Application No. 201738 of 1982,
It is still unknown.

[Object of the invention] The present invention further advances the above invention.

The present invention is a short I! A fiber-reinforced metal composite material that can further produce a good fiber-reinforced metal composite material by dispersing 1III in a liquid and discharging the liquid through the filter layer by suction so as to accumulate short fibers in the filter layer. To provide a manufacturing method.

[Summary of the Invention] The method for producing a fiber-reinforced metal composite material according to the present invention is a method of producing an IIA fiber-reinforced metal composite material in which a molten base metal is brought into contact with and permeated into a fiber aggregate, and then the base metal is solidified. In the manufacturing method, the fiber aggregate is produced by using a container having a filter layer on at least a part of the inner surface of the cavity, and injecting a liquid in which a large number of short tlAHs are dispersed into the cavity of the container. It is characterized in that it is formed by applying suction from the outside to discharge the liquid to the outside of the cavity through the filter layer and to accumulate the short fibers on the surface of the filter layer. .

[Detailed Description of the Structure of the Invention] In the present invention, a container having a filter layer on at least a portion of the inner surface of the caddy is used. The term "container" refers to a member that is surrounded by walls and has a cavity, which is a space inside. Containers generally use molds with cavities of predetermined shapes. Considering liquid injection, it is desirable to use a container made of stainless steel, which is highly corrosion resistant.

Preferably, the container can be divided into two or more parts.

This is because by dividing the container in this way, it becomes easy to take out the m-fiber aggregate from the container. The container preferably has a cavity with rounded corners or a tapered bottom. The inner surface of the container capacity is provided with a layer of film. By filter layer is meant a member having fine pores that allow liquid to pass through but not or hardly allow short fibers to pass through. This filter layer may be provided on a part of the inner surface of the cavity, or on the entire surface or substantially the entire surface. The filter layer may be formed integrally with the container, or a filter layer separate from the container may be attached to the container.

The filter layer may be constructed by, for example, forming a through hole of a predetermined size in the wall of the container, or providing filter paper, mesh, netting, nonwoven fabric, punching metal, etc. at the opening of the through hole. It may also be configured by A filter paper of about 50 mesh can be used.

Short fiber means a fiber having a length that can be dispersed in a liquid. The short fibers that can be used generally have a quality of about 50 to 500 microns and a diameter of about 0.1 to 1 micron. Whiskers are generally used as short fibers, but relatively long short fibers may also be used. Whiskers are generally referred to as cat's whiskers, and are defect-free S or M single crystals, but also include polycrystals or nearly amorphous ones. As the type of short fibers, carbon INN, potassium titanate weave, silicon carbide whiskers, silicon nitride whiskers, etc. can be used. In some cases, short fibers of the sen type may also be used.

In the present invention, a liquid in which short fibers are dispersed is used.

When short #AH is dispersed in a liquid in this way, it is possible to reduce or eliminate pilling caused by entanglement of short fibers. The liquid may be any fluid as long as it has fluidity, but in some cases, it may be semi-fluid as long as it can disperse the short my. It is desirable that the liquid does not react with short fibers. Water, alcohol, and acetone can be used as typical liquids. This is because these are convenient and do not adversely affect short fibers. In this case, any of room temperature water, cold water, and dry water may be used. Note that when the fiber content (Vf) in the fiber-reinforced metal composite material is small, for example, when the fiber content is as low as 10 to 20%, a small amount of an organic or inorganic binder may be mixed with the liquid. As the binder, epoxy resin, phenol resin, polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose organic binder, water glass, primary phosphate, etc. can be used. Note that depending on the conditions of use, a degreasing agent such as trichlene or an acid may be used as the liquid.

Short! In the step before pouring the liquid in which the short fibers are dispersed into the container, it is preferable to strongly stir the liquid and the short fibers using a mixer or the like. Further, ultrasonic vibration treatment can be performed together with strong stirring. If ultrasonic vibration treatment is performed, surging materials and dirt adhering to the surface of the short fibers can be cleaned and the wettability between the short fibers and the base metal can be improved.

In the present invention, a liquid in which short fibers are dispersed is injected into a cavity of a container, and then suction is performed from outside the cavity. Suction is from 5 to 30111 m1-1 outside the cavity.
This can be done by reducing the pressure to g. However, it is not limited to this value, and the size of short fibers, short I!
Adjust the amount of suction as appropriate depending on the amount of fibers, viscosity of the liquid, roughness of the filter layer, etc. The suction may be performed gradually or strongly. As the suction means, commonly used devices such as a vacuum pump, an aspirator, etc. can be used.

When suction is performed in this way, the liquid poured into the container will
As they are discharged through the filter layer to the outside of the cavity of the container, the short fibers accumulate on the surface of the filter layer. In this case, depending on the degree of suction, the short fibers can be randomly arranged two-dimensionally on the surface of the filter layer, or randomly arranged three-dimensionally on the surface of the filter layer. Furthermore, once the short fibers are accumulated on the surface of the filter layer, it is preferable to dry the short fibers. Drying can be carried out, for example, at 80 to 100°C for 30 to 60 minutes.

After accumulating short fibers in the filter layer as described above, insert a piston, plunger, punch, etc. into the container.
The short fibers may be pressurized by these. Therefore, the fiber aggregate as used in the present invention includes fiber aggregates and fiber compacts.

Therefore, a container having a piston and a guide for guiding the piston is usually used. When pressing the short fibers, the short fibers may be pressed from one direction or from two directions. By pressing from two directions, even if the length of the fiber aggregate in the compression direction is long, unevenness in the density distribution of the short fibers can be reduced.

When pressing from two directions, punches and pistons on both sides,
It is best to move the plunger etc. in the same stroke.

In some cases, pressure may be applied three-dimensionally from three directions.

Once the fiber aggregate is formed as described above, the molten base metal is brought into contact with and penetrated into the fiber aggregate, thereby integrating the short fibers and the base metal.

In this case, conventional means can be used. For example, a molten metal forging method, a vacuum casting method, a die casting method, etc. can be used.

As the base metal, a normal metal used for fiber-reinforced metal composite materials can be used. For example, aluminum, aluminum alloy, aluminum-zinc alloy, magnesium, magnesium alloy, magnesium-zinc alloy, copper, copper alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, etc. can be used.

Once the base metal is contacted and penetrated in this way, it is cooled. When cooling is performed by forced cooling, the time that the short fibers are exposed to high temperatures can be shortened, so that deterioration of the short #fi fibers can be suppressed.

[Effects of the Invention] In the manufacturing method according to the present invention, a container having a filter layer on at least a part of the inner surface of the cavity is used,
A liquid in which a large number of short fibers are dispersed is injected into the cavity of the container, and by suctioning from outside the cavity, the liquid is discharged to the outside of the cavity through the filter layer, and the short fibers are removed. It is made to accumulate on the surface of the filter layer, thereby forming m miscellaneous aggregates.

As described above, in the present invention, since the short fibers are dispersed in the liquid, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of pilling due to the entanglement of the short fibers, or to eliminate the pilling that exists from the beginning. Therefore, variations in the strength of the fiber-reinforced metal composite material can be suppressed to that extent.

In the present invention, since the liquid is sucked when short lI&fibers are accumulated in the filter layer, the fiber aggregate can be produced in a shorter time than when the liquid is naturally filtered. Therefore, productivity can be increased accordingly.

In the present invention, depending on the degree of suction, the yr11i fibers are randomly oriented two-dimensionally in the filter layer, or
It can be oriented randomly in three dimensions.

Therefore, by arranging short #Al11 two-dimensionally or three-dimensionally as necessary, the applications of the fiber-reinforced metal composite material can be expanded accordingly.

It is also conceivable that the liquid is naturally filtered by gravity without being sucked through the filter layer. However, in this case, since the liquid is filtered by gravity, a filter layer must be provided on the bottom wall of the container. The reason for this is that natural filtration cannot occur unless a filter layer is provided on the bottom wall of the container. Therefore, in the case of natural filtration by gravity, a filter layer cannot be provided on the side wall or earthen wall of the container. In this regard, since the present invention is configured to suck the liquid, the filter layer is placed in addition to the bottom wall of the container.
Even when the filter layer is provided on the side wall portion or the upper wall portion, short W4 fibers can be accumulated in the filter layer provided on the side wall portion or the upper wall portion by suctioning the liquid.

[Examples] The following examples show examples of forming fiber aggregates.

(First Example) As shown in FIG. 1, the container 1 of this example includes mold bodies 2 and 3 that are opened in the left-right direction, and holes 4 formed in the bottom walls of the mold bodies 2 and 3. a filter layer 5 configured by this, a discharge space 7 provided below the filter layer 5, a suction port 8 formed in the mold body 3, and a ram 9 for clamping the mold bodies 2 and 3. and 10. The size of the hole 4 was approximately 1111 m to 2 ml11 in diameter, and a 500 mesh (American style) stainless steel mesh was laid thereon.

In this example, Sic whiskers are used as the short fibers 11, and the short fibers 11 are heated to about 30Q Wm.
Disperse in water as. Liquid 7 was 5'OOcc. Then, with the mold bodies 2 and 3 clamped by the rams 9 and 10, the liquid 12 in which knowledge #11 is dispersed is injected into the cavity 1a in the container 1. Next, a suction device (not shown) performs suction through the suction port 8, thereby draining the liquid in the cavity 1a of the mold 1 from the filter layer 5. Suction pressure is 20~3Qmn+H
I named it Q. When suction is performed in this way, cavity 1a
The liquid 12 inside passes through the filter layer 5 and enters the cavity 1a.
At the same time, the particles Mt11 are accumulated on the surface of the filter layer 6. Next, drying was performed at 80 to 90° C. for about 60 minutes, and the liquid 12 in the cavity 1a was almost completely removed.

Next, the piston 13 was inserted into the cavity 1a of the container 1, and the short fibers 11 were pressurized by the piston 13, thereby forming a fiber aggregate.

After forming the fiber aggregate, the rams 9 and 10 are driven to open the mold bodies 2 and 3, and the fiber aggregate is taken out from the container 1. Alternatively, before drying, pressure may be applied using the piston 13, and after removal from the mold, drying may be performed at 80 to 90° C. for about 30 minutes.

(Second Embodiment) As shown in FIG. 2, the container 20 of this example includes mold bodies 21 and 22 that are opened left and right, and a lower piston 23 that is inserted into the cavity 20a of the container 20 from below. , rams 24 and 25 that clamp the mold bodies 21 and 22. As shown in FIG. 2, the lower piston 23 has a filter layer 27 formed by forming a large number of holes 26 in a clay wall. Also lower piston 23
has two discharge spaces below the filter layer 27,
Furthermore, it has a suction port 29 that communicates the discharge space with the outside. The holes 26 of the filter layer 27 have a diameter of about 11III to 2IIII, and a stainless steel mesh of L500 mesh is used.

Now, as in the first embodiment described above, a liquid in which a large number of short fibers are dispersed is injected into the cavity 20a of the container 2o. Then, suction is performed from the suction port 29 using a suction device (not shown). Then, the liquid in the cavity 2Oa of the mold 2o is discharged to the outside of the container 20 through the holes 26 of the filter layer 27, the discharge space 28, and the suction port 29. In this case, a large number of short fibers are accumulated in the filter layer 27 as in the previous embodiment.

Next, the upper piston 30 is inserted into the cavity 20a of the container 20, and in this state, the upper piston 30 and the lower punch 23 are moved to press and compress the short fibers in the cavity 2Oa. In this case, the upper piston 30 and the lower piston 2
3 and move at the same speed. In this way, non-uniform density distribution of the fiber aggregate can be further suppressed.

(Third Example) This example is an example in which a fiber aggregate 40 having the shape shown in FIG. 3 is formed. This fiber aggregate 40 has a disk shape, and disk-shaped protrusions 41 are provided on the upper and lower surfaces, respectively.
and 42.

As shown in FIG. 4, the container 50 of this example includes mold bodies 51 and 52 that can be opened left and right, and cough-shaped bodies 51 and 5.
A cavity 5C)a formed in the cavity 5C)a, a filter layer 54 provided below the cavity 50a, rams 55 and 56 for clamping the mold bodies 51 and 52, and a filter layer 54 provided below the filter layer 54. Discharge space 57 provided
and a suction port 58 that communicates the discharge space 57 with the outside of the container 50. Here, the filter layer 54 has holes 53 in a bottom wall 59 provided below the cavity 50a and having a step (the bottom wall 59 consists of a bottom wall 59a and a bottom wall 59b) and a side wall 60, as shown in FIG. is formed over almost the entire surface. The size of this hole 53 is approximately 1 mm to 2111111 mm in diameter, and is covered with a 500 mesh stainless steel mesh.

Now, as in the previous embodiment, a liquid in which a large number of short fibers are dispersed is injected into the cavity 50a of the container 50, and in this state, the liquid in the cavity 50a is pumped through the suction port 58 from a suction device (not shown) into the filter layer 54. suction through the hole 53. The liquid is then drained out of the cavity 50a through the filter layer 54. and filter layer 5
4, a large number of short fibers are accumulated. Next, the upper piston 60 is inserted into the cavity 50a to press the large number of short fibers, thereby forming a fiber aggregate. After that, the rams 55 and 56 are driven to form the mold bodies 51 and 5.
2 and take out the fiber aggregate inside the cavity 50-.

If the hole 53 is formed over almost the entire surface of the bottom wall 59 and side wall 60 as in the third embodiment, even a fiber M aggregate having a complicated shape as shown in FIG. 3 can be easily formed. .

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings illustrate embodiments of the invention. FIG. 1 is a side view of the entire container according to the first embodiment, with main parts cut away. FIG. 2 is a side view of the entire container according to the second embodiment, with main parts cut away. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a fiber assembly according to a third embodiment. FIG. 4 is a side view of the entire container according to the third embodiment, with main parts cut away. In the figure, 1.20.50 indicates a container, 1a120a15
Qa indicates a cavity, 5.27.54 each indicates a filter layer, 4.26.53 indicates a hole in the filter layer, and 8.29.58 indicates a suction port.

Claims (8)

[Claims] (1) A method for producing a fiber-reinforced metal composite material in which a molten base metal is brought into contact with and permeated into a fiber aggregate, and then the base metal is solidified, wherein the fiber aggregate is at least part of the inner surface of the cavity. Using a container having a filter layer, a liquid in which a large number of short fibers are dispersed is injected into a cavity of the container, and by suctioning from outside the cavity, the liquid is passed through the filter layer and released from the cavity. A method for producing a fiber-reinforced metal composite material, characterized in that it is formed by discharging the short fibers toward the filter layer and accumulating the short fibers on the surface of the filter layer. (2) Claims in which the container has a piston and a guide that guides the piston, and the fiber aggregate is formed by pressurizing the short fibers with the piston after draining the liquid in the cavity. 2. A method for producing a fiber-reinforced metal composite material according to item 1. (3) The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the suction is performed by reducing the pressure outside the cavity to 5 to 10 mmHg. (4) The method for producing a fiber-reinforced metal composite material according to claim 1, wherein the filter layer includes filter paper or mesh. (5) The method for manufacturing a fiber-reinforced metal composite material according to claim 1, wherein the container can be divided into two or more pieces. (6) The method for producing a fiber-reinforced metal composite material according to claim 1, wherein the liquid is water, alcohol, or acetone. (7) The liquid is a cellulose binder, an epoxy resin,
The method for producing a fiber-reinforced metal composite material according to claim 1, which contains a phenolic resin, polyvinyl alcohol, and water glass. (8) The method for producing a fiber-reinforced metal composite material according to claim 1, wherein the short fibers are one or more of carbon fibers, potassium titanate fibers, silicon carbide whiskers, and silicon nitride whiskers.