JPS6137216Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (a) Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to an automatic cutting height adjustment range adjustment device for a combine harvester that harvests and dehusks culms.

(b) Prior art Conventionally, as an automatic cutting height adjustment device for combine harvesters, a ground contact type sensor that swings while sliding on the ground is installed at the front of the reaping device, and the sensor turns on and off an upper limit switch and a lower limit switch. ,
It is already known that the reaping device is raised and lowered by operating a hydraulic system based on the detection result.

(c) Problems to be solved by the invention The known device has low detection accuracy due to weeds, mud, etc. adhering to or wrapping around the sensor bar of the ground-contact sensor. There was a drawback that the server sank into the ground and the detected value was higher than the actual height above the ground.

On the other hand, non-contact sensors do not have the disadvantages of the ground-contact type sensors, but they also detect objects other than the ground that enter the detection area (for example, shell culms). It was difficult to use a simple combine harvester as a sensor for detecting height above ground.

Moreover, even if measures are taken to prevent the shell culms from entering the detection area, the condition of the field, for example, a substantially flat field with few irregularities and a large number of irregularities such as footprints, can cause diffuse reflection. The detected value varies in a rough field where a lot of grass is generated, and in the rough field, the detected value is higher than the actual height above the ground, causing problems such as grass cuttings etc. pushing into the soil.

(d) Means for solving the problem Automatic cutting height, which is equipped with a hydraulic cylinder for raising and lowering the reaping part and a solenoid valve for controlling the hydraulic pressure, and the reaping part is automatically raised and lowered by the operation of the solenoid valve for hydraulic control. In the adjustment device, a non-contact type sensor for detecting the mowing height above the ground is vertically adjustable in the middle part of the inner surface of the storage case, and the lower end of the storage case is suspended from the non-contact type sensor receiving and transmitting surface. By attaching the case to the machine frame in a vertically adjustable manner,
The above-mentioned ground-contact type sensor eliminates detection errors due to the hardness and softness of the field, and furthermore, the non-contact type sensor can be adjusted up and down depending on the unevenness of the field, etc., so that it is suitable regardless of the shape of the field. When the non-contact type sensor is adjusted up and down, the height above the ground is detected, and the hanging part of the storage case eliminates noise signals from other than the detection surface as much as possible.
The above-mentioned problem has been solved by making it possible to maintain an appropriate amount of hanging from the non-contact sensor of the storage case.

(e) Function By using a non-contact sensor as the detector that detects the cutting height, detection errors due to the hardness and softness of the field are eliminated, and the non-contact sensor can be used to adjust the degree of unevenness of the field to the machine frame. By adjusting the vertical movement accordingly, the appropriate height above the ground can be detected. Based on this detection result, the hydraulic control solenoid valve is turned on and off via a switching element, and the hydraulic cylinder controls the reaping section. Raise and lower to adjust cutting height.

When adjusting the non-contact type sensor up and down, the storage case in which the non-contact type sensor is attached is moved up and down and attached to the machine frame, so the hanging length of the storage case does not change. The hanging portion acts as a waveguide.

(F) Example An example of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings.
Figures 1 and 10 show a self-demolition type combine harvester, in which a driver's seat 2 is provided at the front of a machine body A equipped with a traveling device 1 consisting of crawlers, and a shelling section 3 and a non-straw processing are provided at the rear. A device 4 and a bagging device 5 for shell grains are installed, respectively.

In addition, the reaping section B, which is attached to the front of the dehulling section 3 so that it can be raised and lowered, is raised and lowered by a hydraulic cylinder, and the lower frame B' of the reaping section B is equipped with a grass divider 6, a narrow guide 7, a cutting blade 8, etc. A lifting case 9 having a lifting claw 9' is attached to the lower frame B' and the upper frame B'' in a slightly backwardly inclined manner, and the starting end of the feed chain 3a of the shelling section 3 is connected from the rear lower part of the lifting case 9 to the lower frame B' and the upper frame B''. A device 10 for picking up and transporting the cut husk is arranged along the side.

On the other hand, C is a photoelectric sensor constituting a non-contact type sensor for detecting the mowing height above the ground, and the photoelectric sensor C is located outside the lifting case 9a located above the grass divider 6 and at the outermost side in the machine width direction. It is attached to the side surface 9a' via a mounting member 11 and bolts 11a and 11b.

The photoelectric sensor C is stored in a storage case 12 whose bottom side is open, and the bolts 11a, 11
The storage case 12 has elongated holes 12a in the vertical direction on the top and both sides, and bolts 11b inserted through these elongated holes 12a can be screwed onto the outer surface of the case 9a. The storage case 12 is screwed so that it can be moved up and down.
Since it hangs down by l from the lower end of the photoelectric sensor C, it prevents foreign matter such as shell culms or weeds from entering the detection area, and also serves as a waveguide for detection waves such as light or ultrasonic waves.

In FIG. 5, 14 is a light emitting element such as a light emitting diode provided in the oscillation circuit 14a of the photoelectric sensor C, and 15 is a light receiving element such as a photodiode provided in the light receiving circuit 15a. The emitted light hits the ground and is reflected, and the amount of reflected light is collected by the light receiving element 15, and the amount of light is converted by the detection circuit 16 into the output voltage _e0 of the sensor.

Reference numeral 17 is a reference setting device for commanding the lowering of the reaping section, reference setting device 18 is a reference setting device for commanding the raising of the reaping section, and these reference setting devices 17 and 18 are provided in the driver's seat 2.
The two reference setting devices 17 and 18 are designed to rotate by the same angle when one knob is rotated in a double volume type.

18, 19' are comparators, 20d, 20u are switching elements, and one switching element 20u is ON when the output voltage e ₀ > set upper limit voltage eu.
Thus, the reaping section B is raised, and the other switching element 20d is turned ON when the output voltage e ₀ <the set lower limit voltage ed, and the reaping section B is lowered.

FIG. 7 shows the hydraulic circuit S of the hydraulic cylinder 21 for raising and lowering the reaping section, in which 22 and 22a are solenoid valves for hydraulic control, 23 is a main switch for automatic hydraulic control, and 24 is an auxiliary switch. This auxiliary switch 24 is automatically opened and closed in conjunction with the reaping clutch lever, and is turned on during reaping work.

In the configuration as described above, when cutting culms, if the machine A is moved forward toward a group of erect culms in the field, the erect culms are divided by the weed cutting body 6 and raised by the raising claw 9'. After being raised by the cutting blade 8 and having its base section cut off, the cut husk culm is lifted and conveyed by a scraping conveyance device 10, and is conveyed from the conveyance terminal to the feed chain 3a of the dehulling section 3.

The culms are sequentially dehulled while being transferred backward through the handling port 3b by the feed chain 3a, and the dehulled culms are shredded or bundled in the culm processing device 4, and then continuously discharged to the outside of the machine. Ru. On the other hand, the shelled grains shelled in the shelling section 3 are subjected to various sorting actions and then packed in a bagging device 5.

Now, during the reaping work, by turning on the main switch 23 for hydraulic control of the hydraulic cylinder 21 for raising and lowering the reaping section, the photoelectric sensor C is always activated, and the reaping section B is automatically moved according to the unevenness of the field. The mowing section B is always adjusted to the appropriate mowing height.

That is, the light emitted from the light emitting element 14 of the photoelectric sensor C hits the ground and is reflected, but after the reflected light is collected on the light receiving element 15 of the photoelectric sensor C, it is converted into voltage by the detection circuit 16. is detected as the output voltage _e0 . When this output voltage e ₀ is larger than the set value (upper limit value) eu set in advance by the reference setting device 18, the switching element 20u is turned ON, and the hydraulic control solenoid valve 22 is actuated. Pressure oil is sent from the reaping part B to the hydraulic cylinder 21 for lifting the reaping part B.
to rise. Also, the output voltage e ₀ is the reference setter 1
When it is smaller than the set value (lower limit value) ed of 7, the switching element 20d turns ON, and the solenoid valve 22a
Hydraulic cylinder 21 for raising and lowering the reaping section
Pressure oil flows from the tank T side to lower the reaping part B. In addition, the distance D between the photoelectric sensor C and the ground
As shown in Figure 6, the characteristics of output voltage e ₀ and output voltage e Setting values eu of setting devices 17 and 18,
By changing ed in advance according to field conditions, the cutting height can be maintained at the same height at all times while keeping the dead zone Z at a constant value. Further, even within the same field, the cutting height control position (dead zone Z) can be changed arbitrarily by changing the set values eu and ed.

As described above, the photoelectric sensor C for detecting the cutting height with respect to the ground is located above the grass dividing body 6 and on the rear outer side of the grass dividing body 6, so that the cutting part B can be raised and lowered quickly, and the cutting blade 8 can be moved up and down.
It is possible to reliably prevent the grass fragment 6 from being plunged into muddy soil and being damaged due to a delay in detection.

In addition, since the photoelectric sensor C is installed in a position evacuated to the outside of the culm lifting and conveying path to a non-interfering position, it may get in the way when the culm is being lifted, or the culm may not interfere with the photoelectric sensor C. There is no chance of the culm being caught and breaking, and the action of lifting and transporting the culm can always be carried out smoothly.

Furthermore, the photoelectric sensor C is located above and outside of the grass cover 6, where mud, weeds, etc. tend to adhere, and is furthermore housed and protected within a storage case 12, which is located only l from the receiving and transmitting surface. Because it hangs down, it not only prevents muddy water, weeds, etc. from adhering to the light-emitting/light-receiving surface, which is the sensing surface of the photoelectric sensor C, as much as possible, but also limits the detection surface to only appropriate areas due to the hanging portion. It is possible to reliably eliminate the inconvenience in which the photoelectric sensor C senses mud or the like adhering to the weeding body 6 or the like and malfunctions.

Furthermore, if there are many uneven surfaces such as footprints on the field, lowering the photoelectric sensor C and screwing it down will increase the amount of light received, which would otherwise be reduced due to diffused reflection, to an appropriate amount. At that time, there is no need to remove the cover and then adjust the mounting position of the photoelectric sensor C, and the photoelectric sensor C can be moved up and down by simply changing the mounting position of the storage case 12. 12
The relative position between the storage case 12 and the photoelectric sensor C does not change, and the lower part of the storage case 12 maintains a predetermined hanging length.

Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the photoelectric sensor C is mounted through the mounting member 11 so as to be spaced apart from the outer surface 9'a of the lifting case 9a. Even if rust develops or dust adheres to a, the dust etc. will not be detected, and there is no risk of detecting the mud a adhering to the lower frame B' of the reaping section B and generating an erroneous signal.

(g) Effects of the invention Since the invention is configured as described above, the non-contact sensor can reliably sense the ground in front of the cutting section B, regardless of the hardness or softness of the field, and adjust the cutting height appropriately. This not only prevents the mowing blades and grass cutters from getting stuck in the mud and being damaged, but also allows the non-contact sensor to be placed lower in the field than in relatively flat fields. By adjusting the movement to , it is possible to detect the appropriate height above the ground and automatically adjust the cutting height to the appropriate height while preventing the grass clippings and cutting blades from digging into the soil.

Furthermore, since the storage case is attached to its inner peripheral surface and hangs down from the receiving and transmitting surface of the non-contact sensor, it is possible to prevent dust, mud, etc. from adhering to the receiving and transmitting surface. The hanging part acts as a waveguide to prevent false detection due to noise signals, and by attaching a storage case to other models, the height of the non-contact sensor can be adjusted and mounted.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention,
Figure 1 is a side view of the combine, Figure 2 is a front view of the main parts, Figure 3 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of the same, Figure 4 is a side view of the same, Figures 5 and 7 are the cutting height adjustment device. The control circuit diagram of FIG. 6 is an output diagram of the detection circuit. In the figure, 6 is a splitting body, 9 and 9a are raised cases,
12 is a storage case, 12a is a long hole, 21 is a hydraulic cylinder for raising and lowering the reaping part, 22 and 22a are solenoid valves for hydraulic control, B is a reaping part, and C is a photoelectric sensor.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] In an automatic cutting height adjustment device that is equipped with a hydraulic cylinder for raising and lowering a reaping part and a solenoid valve for controlling the hydraulic pressure, the reaping part is automatically raised by the operation of the solenoid valve for hydraulic control. A non-contact type sensor was attached to the middle part of the inner surface of the storage case, the lower end of the storage case was suspended from the receiving and transmitting surface of the non-contact type sensor, and the storage case was attached to the machine frame so as to be vertically adjustable. An automatic cutting height adjustment range adjustment device for a combine harvester, characterized in that: