JPS6136862A - Selector for kanji inside and outside of keyboard - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simplify a keying operation as well as the structure of a Japanese word typewriter, etc. by striking a KANJI (Chinese characters) shift key at the head of each KANJI and discriminating among KANA (Japanese syllabary), the KANJI inside keyboard and the KANJI outside of keyboard respectively. CONSTITUTION:The center 1-4 on a keyboard mean the shift keys for KANJI inside keyboard and are struck simultaneously with a shift bar outside keyboard also to serve as shift keys outside keyboard. The KANA characters written in the upper half of each key have no shift; while the characters in the lower half have shifts respectively. For KANA character ''I'', the shift key 1 and the key ''I'' are struck if the KANJI within keyboard is equal to ''I''. For KANJI outside keyboard, the KANJI shift key, a department key and the 1st syllable, etc. are struck since those KANJI are arrayed with relation to the phrases and synonyms of the KANJI inside keyboard.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION This invention enables Japanese typewriters, word processors, etc. to write a sufficient number of character types without having to memorize special codes that are not used in everyday language activities. The present invention relates to a selection device for on-keyboard and off-keyboard kanji that can easily select kanji. This invention is also applicable to Patent No. 1194493 (Japanese Patent Publication No.
26574) and the improvement of the invention of JP-A-57-1.4935.

The widespread use of typewriters in Europe and the United States is largely due to the fact that keyboard operations are easy and intuitive printing methods can be used with a hobbyist level of training. These properties are essentially important when considering the effectiveness of the typewriter as a tool.

Previously known Japanese typewriters that mix kanji, kana, etc. have been slow to become popular because these characteristics are insufficient.On the other hand, Japanese is difficult to write but easy to read. Therefore, there is a long-awaited typewriter with sufficient performance. The structure of a typewriter can be divided into an input section, a printing section, and a transmission section from the input section to the printing section. Advances have made it possible to perform extremely nimble operations, but no definitive solution has yet emerged regarding the input section.

The principle of a European typewriter is to print phonetic characters, which are linguistic materials, like hitting the keys on a piano. Therefore, the correspondence between spellings and speech sounds is relatively simple, and the number of phonetic characters, ie, the number of keys to be selected on the keyboard, is small, so keys can be pressed at a speed close to the speed of conversation. In Japanese, kana characters and Roman characters meet these requirements, but kanji have many homonyms, have indirect correspondence with sounds, and are suitable for distinguishing detailed meanings. It is easy to construct homophone synonyms, and in European languages, the content is expressed using simple words, and the content that the reader should judge based on the context, while in Japanese texts, it is concise and concise by using detailed expressions in Chinese. Since it can be expressed as a word, it is characterized by having many synonyms as a word search. Therefore, the keystroke operations on a Japanese typewriter are complicated, and even when performed by an experienced person, the speed of keystrokes on a European typewriter cannot be compared. to solve these problems.

Attempts have been made to treat characters and words as mere symbols rather than as elements in a sentence, and to select them visually or by memorized association from a list of codes, or to enter them in kana to respecify homophones. However, these operations are completely unrelated to normal language life other than typing, and require operators to carry out a separate load from the language training they have had since childhood, making them boring and unsuitable for specialized tasks. I have no choice but to do so.

What is printed on a typewriter must be an element of the language, not just a symbol, and a European typewriter
Because they meet this requirement, they are used for creative writing as well as fukiki, but the work of oral records and fair transcription is still a language activity; This is different from searching or selecting homophones similar to referring to a dictionary.

Typewriters are also used for creative writing and oral recording, but
Telegraph machines that use telegraph signals such as Morse code are generally keyed using a written manuscript. This is because the brain works to translate everyday language into telegraph signals, which intervenes during the keystroke process.On the other hand, this allows the language to be converted into extremely simple codes, increasing the speed of keystrokes. . Special Public Interest Publication No. 5O-35453 (Applicant: Akira Yogami)
, Special Publication No. 5O-33368 (Applicant: Shinko Shinko Seisakusho)
has this feature, and simplifies the selection printing operation by unifying two keys for both kana and kanji. Therefore, although the keystroke speed is fast, it is necessary to clearly memorize the kanji and kana codes or key positions that are commonly used at all times, and this is difficult for anyone other than a full-time operator.
This is clear from the experience of often forgetting the font of kanji when writing about sexual intercourse in everyday life, and referring to a dictionary.

Although the alphabet consists of only 26 characters, a large number of consecutive characters are required to be actually printed by keystrokes, and this is a large difference from the number of kanji characters commonly used in Japanese. Rather, it's 捷.As with kanji, each of these character sequences has a specific meaning and is an element of context development. The crucial difference is that since everything is written in the 26-letter alphabet, there can only be successive repetitions of no more than 25 different permutations, and it is always a systematic keystroke operation.

Furthermore, among the 26 letters of the alphabet, only a few characters have vowels, such as a, e, i, o, u, and y, and syllables are consonants, vowels, consonants, or consonants. It is composed of vowels or vowel/consonant patterns, so approximately 20 consonant characters and several types of vowel characters often appear alternately in a sentence.

Therefore, there can only be several permutations of the consonant-to-vowel character sequence. Continuations of letters with consonants, for example, the letters that follow C, are ch + cl- + cr -,
cz-, h, 7. In reality, you only need to select one of several permutations, such as r and z.
This makes it easy to type keys quickly.

Therefore, by limiting the number of permutations to be selected and judged at the same time to a few, the quick and easy keying method used in European languages can be implemented in Japanese texts as well, without relying on memorization of special codes.

There are approximately 1,000 kanji commonly used in Japanese, depending on the purpose, and about 1,000 kanji types, but among these, 10% to 15 kanji are used less frequently. Most of the two-handed idioms have these kanji whose meanings are well known, and these kanji are the main elements of homonyms. This number of kanji characters can be accommodated on the keyboard of a European typewriter by N-shift or H/F, so in operation, the permutation of character keys and shift keys, that is, the judgment of shift key selection, is required between two and eight. and satisfy the above requirements.

Furthermore, since the kanji characters are directly specified and pressed, the problem of distinguishing between homophones and different characters on a kana keyboard is solved.

These frequently used kanji are designated as ``kanji in the keyboard,'' and the desired kanji is selected by pressing the letter key and shift key, and the idioms and synonyms with the kanji in the keyboard are used.
Patent No. 1194493 (Special Publication No. 58-26574) proposed a device that selects a large number of other less frequently used "off-keyboard kanji" by additionally pressing the first syllable, etc.
This invention was disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-14953.

Let's reconsider the fact that the European typewriter, which I mentioned earlier, is easy to operate and intuitive. The most important feature of typing on a Roman typewriter is that by pressing a key whose position on the keyboard has been memorized in advance, the character selection is determined in an instant, and there are no uncertainties in between. This allows for light, intuitive, and rhythmic printing. However, in the case of selecting kanji, since there are many types of characters, not only are there multiple characters, but also uncertain elements tend to be mixed in during the keystroke process. Typical examples are word glossometers based on the kana-kanji conversion method, personal computers, secondary selection of homophones, and re-conversion of words that cannot be converted or are incorrectly converted because they do not exist in dictionaries in kanji units. This is causing endless problems such as inputting data. On this point, the Tokuko Sho 5 cited earlier
The "two-stroke one-stroke method" such as 0-35453 and Tokuko Sho 50-33368 realizes a simple keying method, and assigns a kan key two-stroke code to one kanji character,
It is decided uniquely. However, since the character keys are used for both the pre- and post-keystrokes of two keystrokes, if an extra keystroke is mixed in due to a mistake during consecutive keystrokes, or if there are insufficient keystrokes, the wrong order of keystrokes may occur. Since every two keystrokes are converted into kanji at a time, they are continuously erroneously converted, resulting in completely meaningless character strings. ! If you enter "Kafunkiauyashi" instead of "Co., Ltd.", if "Chikara" is inserted by mistake after "Cuff", the digits will be shifted in order and "Cuff 1" will be entered.
It is read as ``Kan 1 Kia 1 Uya 1 shi'' and is continuously erroneously converted, for example, ``Stock loan kyo shi'', and the entire - line becomes a mistake.

In view of the current state of the technology as described above, it is necessary to select kanji inside the keyboard and kanji outside the keyboard that do not require any secondary selection of homonyms or homonyms, and also do not cause continuous erroneous conversion due to digit shift in response to incorrect input. It is one of the objects of this invention to provide an apparatus. As a means of doing so, when typing the kanji,
Press the kanji shift key at the beginning of the surname, and this will result in 1
-Character start signal 2 Distinguishing between kana characters, kanji inside the keyboard, and kanji outside the keyboard (a) Performs three functions as a shift signal assigned to the kanji.

Optimizing typewriter keystrokes using the touch method is an extremely delicate issue, but as a result of actually operating a prototype keyboard, we found that pressing the kanji shift key at the beginning of a slang character has the following advantages: did.

First of all, the movement of the hand and the movement of the kanji selection consciousness match, which increases motivation. Since character keys must be placed at least in the home position row and the rows above and below it, the position of the kanji shift key must be in other positions, i.e., the thumb position (the space bar position on a Roman keyboard) or the top row (the position of the space bar on a Roman keyboard). ). In this case, pressing the kanji shift key produces a slightly different hand movement than pressing the character key, so
If you perform this movement on the first keystroke, it will be a good feeling as it will become a symbol of your awareness of kanji selection.

Second, the selection of kanji becomes more direct and intuitive.

For example, the kanji in the keyboard placed on the key of "i" is "I, ki,"
When choosing the second ``Ki'' from ``Thought, Wisdom'', it is better to first recall the second ``Jin'', as the reading of ``Ki'' is ``Ki''.
It is easier than recalling the initial ``i'' which is the reading of the initial ``I''. Therefore, typing "shift 2-a" is more direct and intuitive than typing "i-shift 2."

Thirdly, the keystroke operation for kanji characters outside the keyboard becomes simpler. Once you have determined that the kanji shift key you pressed first is a kanji outside the keyboard, after pressing the initial reading of the same key,
When pressing the first syllable of the character, it is not necessary to press the key to indicate that it is a kanji outside the keyboard. For example, "hot" can be classified as a subcategory of "ki" mentioned earlier, so by adding it to "shift 2・i" which is the keystroke for "ki", we can change "a j" from "atsui" which is the reading of "hot". If you select the first kanji shift key to "shift 2'" and decide that it is a kanji outside the keyboard, "shift 2'・i" is "i" and [ki].
Since it is distinguished from
・Simply enter ``I・A'' to select ``Hot''.

Fourth, since the character rice is determined by the first keystroke of the slang character, the kana character is determined immediately after the keystroke and can be displayed or printed.
Ill. In devices where the reading of a kanji is input first instead of the kanji shift key, the selection of the character is not confirmed until the presence or absence of the subsequent kanji shift key determines whether the reading is a kana reading or a kanji reading.Fifth. Since there is no need to memorize and print the preceding character string, there is no need for a special buffer memory, and as will be described later, it is possible to use normal ζ-sonal combinations.

It can be easily implemented by a user using a simple program.

Sixth, since no buffer memory is used, there are loose restrictions on the length of words and sentences, making it easy to manage the dictionary.

The above-mentioned features were realized for the first time by this invention, which distinguishes between on-keyboard kanji, off-keyboard kanji, and other character types by the key press signal of the kanji shift key pressed at the beginning of a slang character. The columns will be explained in detail.

1 and 2 show a keyboard arrangement according to an embodiment of the invention. Figure 1 shows a commercially available personal computer (manufactured by NEC Corporation, PC-98'01F type) according to the JIS layout.
When the conversion program is installed and used, the character array after conversion is written in hiragana. 1, 2, 3, etc. on the upper left even of the top number keys 6.7°8.9.
The kanji shift key marked 4 is the kanji shift key inside the keyboard, and the keys 1, 2, 3, .
The one marked 4 is the keyboard-like kanji shift key.

In Figure 2, it is configured as a dedicated i# board.The numbers 1, 2, 3.4 written at the bottom center are the internal kanji shift keys. (
If you press the key on the side with your thumb sideways), it will function as a keyboard-like kanji shift key.

The kana characters for each key are in the upper half of the key (for example, 1 row, from the left, ka, ha, te, ta, ta, 11). , The lower half of the notation (column, は、へ、ふ、Hi、ツ、ち、や15、) 力; 、It is a keystroke character with a shift. Figure 2 shows the arrangement of the 1t kanji in the keyboard, but as shown earlier in the key QM for ``shi'', there are four characters near the meaning of ``G'' on each key (however, the shift is The reading of the first letter matches the reading of the kana key as Haragai-j, but the second and subsequent letters match and become G1 (G).

For example, type the kanji on the keyboard for the "i" key as follows.

Sensei Kanji Shift Key 1 Iki Same as above 2 Ishi Same as above 3 Ichi Same as above 4 For example, the off-keyboard kanji ``hot'' that belongs to ``ki'' in shift 2 of the ``i'' key is pressed as follows.

However, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, since a shift key is provided for the kanji outside the keyboard, it is not necessary to press the key for the kanji outside the keyboard.

Kanji outside the keyboard are arranged in a synonymous and synonymous relationship with the kanji inside the keyboard, and in addition to the kanji shift and the affiliated key, the first syllable is pressed. Figure 3 shows a portion of the keys in the middle row, showing the arrangement of kanji outside the keyboard and a row of codes.

It is necessary to memorize the arrangement of the kanji characters on the keyboard. Off-keyboard kanji can be typed simply by organizing your knowledge of idioms and getting used to the arrangement.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the character selection process in this invention.

When you press the first key, it is compared with the memory and if it is a letter key, ``i'' key, the kana Kiyone ``i'' will be output, and other (kanji shift keys such as 1, 1', etc.) will be output.
If it is a voiced key), wait for the second keystroke. After the second key press, the first key press is again compared with the memory, and if it is a keyboard kanji shift key, for example, ``inner'' and the second key is ``i'', then the keyboard kanji shift key is ``i''.
It is converted into "Ki" and output. If the first keystroke is a dakuten key and the second keystroke is "ha", it is converted to "ba" and output. If the first keystroke is an off-keyboard kanji shift key, etc., wait for the next third keystroke. After the third keystroke, the first keystroke is further compared with the memory, and it is changed to the off-keyboard kanji shift key 2.
', the second key is "i", and the third key is "a".
key, it will be converted and output as the off-key kanji ``hot''.

After that, if necessary, output exception handling, and then output unconforming keystrokes without conversion, and then proceed to the next character.

The characteristic feature of the above processing process is that in each step, the first keystroke, that is, the first keystroke when specifying the 0 character, is repeated and distinguished. This was made possible by pressing the shift key first and positioning it as the first key in the same row as the kana key, and this keying method brings about the above-mentioned spirit of keystrokes, intuitiveness, and simplification of keystrokes for kanji outside the keyboard. This brought about effects such as the instantaneous indication of kana.

As shown in Fig. 5, the conversion program itself not only converts the first key, but also converts (first key, second key, second key), (first key + second key, third key,
We are comparing the keys one after another, and the 1st!1! key generated by the above keystroke method! Because the signals are output sequentially starting from the characters that require the least number of keystrokes for input, there is no need to store the preceding character string, and no buffer memory is required for this purpose. This is the same in the hardware configuration shown in FIG.
key 10 (second key)), and in the idiom storage device 413, (
The first key, the second key, and the third key #l) are compared. Therefore, input codes according to the keystroke method of this invention are stored,
If keys are pressed using the pressing method #1 of the present invention, it is possible to construct a device that produces the same effect even if the hardware shown in FIG. 6 is used.

At the end of this specification, the entire text of a program lift for an experimental series that achieved the effects of this invention using a commercially available personal computer and a government-issued 13AsIc for beginners is attached. This program is based on Haruhisa Ishida's ``Micom R''
Introduction to AS I C” (41-1 Udagawa-cho, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo)
Published by Japan Broadcasting Publishing Association, 1st edition published on May 20, 1980, 5th edition published on May 10, 1988), page 131~
Using page 135-9801F, JI shown in Figure 1
By pressing the keys in the alphanumeric mode of the S keyboard layout, the hiragana written on the keys in Figure 1 and the kanji (kanji in the keyboard attached to these) (second
This is a program to convert to (see figure).

In order to save space, only the following four keyboard kanji are registered. If you register many keyboard kanji, RASI
Although the execution speed of the READ statement in C is slow, there are 269 frequently used characters that have been registered, and it covers a total usage frequency of about 50 characters, not only in sentences with kanji and kana, but also in terms of the frequency of only kanji. Therefore, if keyboard kanji are stored in order of frequency of use, they will be searched in order of frequency, resulting in an overall execution speed that is suitable for practical use. Of course, other high-level languages or machine language may be used to speed up the processing.

Line 1110 Iko Shi
Summer line 770 (JIS keyboard) 2ii 2jy
2to 3ti Figure 1 (kana: +-to) l
'M 1'Akol'G)l, 2t)A No. 900
I registered the names and idioms in the rows as samples.

Line 900 Ishikawa Co., Ltd. Line 560 (
JIS keyboard) By combining the − key and the /, ″, #, etc. keys on the top shift side with alphabetic keys, you can create an idiom code like the one above, and there are extremely loose restrictions on the length of the idioms etc. that are converted. .In addition, a large number of idioms can be registered by using unused codes for the first syllable of keyboard kanji.

As described above, in the present invention, by distinguishing kana, keyboard kanji, and keyboard kanji by keystrokes at the beginning of slang characters, it is possible to simplify the keystroke operation and the device, and to develop a word processor. We have changed it into something nice and easy to use.

Note that signals indicating keyboard kanji, such as the off-keyboard shift key in Figure 1 and the off-keyboard shift bar in Figure 2, are distinguished from kana and in-keyboard kanji even if they are pressed second from the beginning of the kanji character. Therefore, he is in charge of implementation. 1. There are many keyboard kanji with readings such as sha, shu, nyo, etc., but it is also possible to input these by setting a dedicated key on the /ft side of the keyboard and pressing the third key. It's a method. Another method is to input the tsuon sound ya, yu, yo, and dakuten on the third keystroke, and enter the clear sound such as 7 on the fourth keystroke to make nya, shu, nyo, ji, but add a program step. In short, for words like ``ja'' and ``gyu,'' shi and ki are pressed on the fifth key.

However, as shown in FIG. 3, it is generally easier to use when inputting only by pressing the third key instead of using the clear sound if possible.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 shows a keyboard used in one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a keyboard in another embodiment, and also shows the arrangement of kanji characters within the keyboard. FIG. 3 shows the arrangement of a portion of the keyboard kanji. FIG. 4 is a flowchart of character selection according to the present invention. FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a program according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a block diagram of hardware of an embodiment of the present invention.

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) Arrange frequently used kanji in multiple shifts on the kana keyboard or romaji keyboard, and use them as in-key kanji. Select kanji in the keyboard by pressing one kanji shift key and one letter key, and select other kanji in the keyboard. A device that stores kanji as off-keyboard kanji based on idioms and synonymous relationships with in-keyboard kanji, and then selects them by pressing the character key corresponding to the first syllable, etc., uses a kanji shift key that is pressed at the beginning of each character. and a selection device for on-keyboard kanji and off-keyboard kanji, which distinguishes between on-keyboard kanji, off-keyboard kanji, and characters of other character types based on keystroke signals from character keys. (2) The keyboard according to claim 1, in which the same kanji shift key is used for selecting kanji inside the keyboard and kanji outside the keyboard, and a key or bar is provided to distinguish between kanji inside the keyboard and kanji outside the keyboard. Kanji and off-keyboard kanji selection device. (3) The on-keyboard kanji and off-keyboard kanji selection device according to claim 1, wherein the off-keyboard kanji are stored in a storage device in order of frequency of use. (4) By pressing the second key or bar of each character,
Claim 1 that separates off-keyboard kanji from other character types
A selection device for kanji on the keyboard and kanji outside the keyboard.