JPS6133346A - Automatic brake system for vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obviate any accident of a collision against an obstacle, byforbidding a braking device, which keeps a car in a braking state in time of stoppage and is released of the braking state in time of starting, to release the braking state even in time of starting in the case where there is the obstacle. CONSTITUTION:In time of car stoppage, a microcomputer 37 selects a solenoid valve 26 with a signal out of a car speed sensor 36, making a parking brake mechanism 10 operate. When the brake 10 operates with certainty, the microcomputer 37 makes the solenoid valve 26 return to the original state with a signal out of a parking switch 34, but the parking brake 10 is kept up in a braking state as a claw 16b of a lever 16 engages a tooth 15b. In time of starting, either of shift switches 32a and 32b is turned to ON, and when an accelerator switch 31 is turned on as well, the microcomputer 37 selects a solenoid valve 24. Therefore, engagement between the claw 16b and the tooth 15b comes off, thus the baking state is released. When an obstacle exists in a starting direction, the microcomputer 37 will not select the valve 24 even in time of starting with signal out of an obstacle sensor 35. In consequence, the braking stae is maintained.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to an automatic braking system for a vehicle.

[Prior art]

Conventionally, in this type of automatic braking system for vehicles, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 49-37137, for example, when the vehicle is stopped, it automatically operates to maintain the braking state of the vehicle, and There is a vehicle braking device that automatically releases the braking state in response to a starting operation when the vehicle starts.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, in such a vehicle braking device, the above-mentioned braking state is always automatically released in response to a starting operation of the vehicle. Nevertheless, even if this is done without knowing this, the above-mentioned braking state will be automatically canceled as well, resulting in the problem that the vehicle will start toward the obstacle. .

Therefore, in order to solve this problem, the present invention provides an automatic braking system for a vehicle that automatically prohibits the vehicle from starting if an obstacle exists in the direction in which the vehicle is starting. This is what I am trying to do.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the structural features of the present invention, as illustrated in FIG. a starting operation detection means 2 that detects when the starting operation mechanism is operated and generates a starting operation detection signal;
output signal generating means 3 for generating an output signal in response to the stop detection signal and extinguishing the output signal in response to the start operation detection signal; A driving force generating means 4 that eliminates the driving force in response to the disappearance of the output signal, and a braking means 5 that brakes the vehicle in response to the driving force and releases the braking based on the disappearance of the driving force. In automatic braking systems,
A starting direction detecting means 6 that detects the starting direction of the vehicle and generates a starting direction detection signal; and an obstacle detecting means that detects an obstacle in the starting direction of the vehicle and generates an obstacle detection signal. 7, the output generating means 3
The present invention is characterized in that the output signal is prohibited from disappearing in response to the starting direction detection signal and the obstacle detection signal.

[Function and effect of the invention]

By configuring the present invention in this way, when the vehicle stops, the stop detection means 1 generates a stop detection signal, and the output signal generation means 3 generates an output signal in response to the stop detection signal. In response, the driving force generating means 4 generates a driving force, and the braking means 5 brakes the vehicle in accordance with the driving force, and the vehicle is stopped even though there is an obstacle in the starting direction. Even if you operate the start operation mechanism to start without knowing this, the output signal generating means 3 will not output the start operation detection signal from the start operation detection means 6 despite the generation of the start operation detection signal from the start operation detection means 2. Since the output signal continues to be generated in response to the starting direction detection signal and the obstacle detection signal from the obstacle detection means 7, the braking means 5 cooperates with the driving force generating means 4 to change the braking state of the vehicle. As a result, it is possible to prevent the unexpected occurrence of the vehicle starting toward the obstacle without knowing the existence of the obstacle.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the first embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings. Fig. 2 shows an example in which the present invention is applied to an automatic parking brake system for a vehicle (equipped with an automatic transmission). The parking brake system includes a parking brake mechanism 10 and a parking brake mechanism 1.
0, and an electric control circuit 30 that controls this pneumatic circuit 20. The parking brake mechanism 10 has a plate-shaped parking lever 11, and this parking lever 11 is pinned to a plate-shaped bracket 12 vertically installed on the floor near the console box in the passenger compartment of the vehicle. It is pivotally mounted by 12a so as to be tiltable in the vertical direction along the bracket 12.

A cylindrical handle 1 is provided at the tip of the parking lever 11.
3 is fixed to the handle 13, and a knob 13b is slidably fitted into the hollow portion of the handle 13 with its outer end projecting outward from the opening of the handle 13 via a coil spring 13a.

The link rod 13c is slidably inserted into the hollow portion of the handle 13 through its bottom and the coil spring 13a, and is fitted to the inner end of the knob 13b.The base end of the link rod 13C is connected to the release lever 14. It is relatively rotatably connected to a connecting pin 14a fixed to the upper end of. The release lever 14 is rotatably supported along the parking lever 11 by a pin lla of the parking lever 11, and is attached to the second link rod 13c.
In response to rightward movement (or leftward movement) in the figure, the pin 11a rotates clockwise (or counterclockwise) in the figure.

Similar to the parking lever 11, the plate-shaped pole sector 15 is pivotally attached to the bracket 12 by a pin 12a so as to be tiltable in the vertical direction along the bracket. The pin Ilb of the parking lever 11 is loosely fitted into the pin (formed on the circumference with the pin j2a as the center). Therefore, when the parking lever 11 is tilted upward, the pole sector 15 rotates clockwise in FIG. 2 about the pin 12a due to the engagement between the upper end of the slit 15a and the pin Ilb. . Release lever 16 is pin! 2b, the release lever 14 is rotatably supported by the bracket 12 along the bracket, and a protrusion 14b of the release lever 14 extends between both V-shaped claws 16a, 16b of the release lever 16. Further, the release lever 16 is adapted to selectively engage the tooth portion 15b of the pole sector 15 with its claw portion 16b. In addition, the release lever
The 16 pawls 16b together with the teeth 15b of the pole sector 15 form a ratchet mechanism.

A connecting rod 17 is loosely fitted at one end into a pin 15C provided at the base end of the pole sector 15, and the threaded portion at the other end of the connecting rod 17 is fitted into an intermediate portion of the equalizer 18 with nuts 17a, 17a. are connected by fastening. The rear cable 19 is inserted through the equalizer 18 and connected at both ends to respective brake shoes provided on the side rear wheels of the vehicle.

The pneumatic circuit 20 includes a rotary electric motor 21, a compressor 22 that is driven by the rotary electric motor 21 to generate positive air pressure, and an air tank 23 that stores positive air pressure applied from the compressor 22 through a connecting pipe P1. A solenoid valve 24 is connected to the air tank 23 through a connecting pipe P2. However, this solenoid valve 24
The solenoid 24a is energized to connect the connecting pipe P2 to the connecting pipe P3, and the solenoid 24a is deenergized to seal the connecting pipe P2 and open the connecting pipe P3 to the atmosphere. The cylinder 25 is attached to the bracket 12 with the release lever 16
A piston 25c is slidably fitted into the cylinder 25, and a connecting pipe P3
A positive pressure chamber 25a communicating with the atmosphere and an atmospheric chamber 25 open to the atmosphere.
It forms b. The piston 25c has an annular engagement portion 25d at the outer end of its piston loft, and a longitudinal protrusion 16c of the release lever 16 is loosely fitted into the engagement portion 25d. Note that the reference numeral 25e indicates a coil spring that urges the piston 25c toward the positive pressure chamber 25a.

Further, a solenoid valve 26 is connected to the air tank 23 via a connecting pipe P4, and this solenoid valve 26 is opened by the excitation of the solenoid 26a to connect the connecting pipe P4 to the connecting pipe P5, thereby demagnetizing the solenoid 26a. The connecting pipe P4 is sealed and the connecting pipe P5 is opened to the atmosphere. The cylinder 27 is fixed to the floor surface of the passenger compartment of the vehicle with the connecting rod 17 as a piston loft.
An atmospheric pressure chamber 27b open to the atmosphere is formed by a piston 27c slidably fitted within the cylinder 27 using the connecting rod 17 as a piston loft. In this case, the positive pressure chamber 27a is located on the equalizer 18 side, and the atmospheric pressure chamber 27b is located on the ball security 15 side, and the coil spring 27 is located in this atmospheric pressure chamber 27b.
d is assembled and the piston 27c, that is, the connecting rod 17
is biased toward the equalizer 18 side. In addition, the positive pressure chamber 27
Air pressure in a, i.e. piston 27c and connecting rod 17
The amount of sliding toward the atmospheric pressure chamber 27b is approximately proportional to the braking force of the parking brake mechanism 10.

The electric control circuit 30 includes a DC power supply B, an ignition switch IG of the vehicle, a lightning release type accelerator switch 31. Normally open forward shift switch 32a, normally open reverse shift switch 32b, normally open pressure switch 33, normally open parking switch 34, obstacle sensor 35, and vehicle speed sensor 36.
The ignition switch IG generates a closing signal when the ignition switch IG is closed. The accelerator switch 31 generates a depression signal when the accelerator pedal of the vehicle is depressed, and opens when the accelerator pedal is released to eliminate the depression signal.

The forward shift switch 32a closes to generate a forward shift signal when the automatic transmission of the vehicle is shifted to the drive range, and opens when the vehicle shifts from the drive range to another range to eliminate the forward shift signal. let

The reverse shift switch 32b is closed to generate a reverse shift signal when the automatic transmission is shifted into reverse, and is opened to eliminate the reverse shift signal when the automatic transmission is shifted from the reverse range to another range. In such a case, the accelerator switch 31 and the forward shift switch 32a
(or the reverse shift switch 32b) serves to detect the forward start state (or backward start state) of the vehicle.

The pressure gas outlet 33 closes and generates a positive pressure signal when the positive air pressure in the air tank 23 is equal to or higher than a first predetermined value (for example, 9 kg/cn+). Moreover, this pressure switch 33 uses the hysteresis function to set the positive air pressure in the air tank 23 to a second predetermined value (for example, 8 +r/
When the pressure drops to below cJ), it opens and eliminates the positive pressure signal. The parking switch 34 closes and generates a parking signal when the pole sector 15 rotates clockwise in FIG. 2, and opens when the pole sector 15 rotates counterclockwise to the end. The parking signal is extinguished. As shown in FIG. 3, the obstacle sensor 35 is installed at the rear end of one side of the vehicle and transmits ultrasonic waves toward the rear of the vehicle. It receives sound waves and generates obstacle detection signals. Vehicle speed sensor 36 detects the speed of the vehicle and generates a series of speed pulses having a frequency proportional to the speed of the vehicle. The microcomputer 37 is always in operation by being supplied with power from the DC power supply B, and repeatedly executes a computer program stored therein in accordance with the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. As described in the operation description, various calculation processes necessary for controlling the rotary electric motor 21, the solenoids 24a and 26a, and the brake lamp L are performed.

In this embodiment configured as described above, when the vehicle is running with the ignition switch IG closed, the parking brake mechanism 10 is in the state shown in FIG. 2, and the microcomputer 37 is in the state shown in FIG. According to the flowchart in the figure, in step 41 of the computer program, it is determined that "rYES" is determined based on the closing signal from the ignition switch IG, and in step 42, the vehicle speed sensor 36
The determination is "NO" based on each vehicle speed pulse from the parking switch 34, and in step 43 (see FIG. 5), the determination is "YES" based on the disappearance of the parking signal from the parking switch 34, and the brake lamp L is turned on in step 43a. The brake lamp L is maintained in the extinguished state based on the extinguishment of the necessary lighting signal. In addition, if a positive pressure signal is not generated from the pressure gas inlet 33 at this stage, the microcomputer 3
7 is 1NO at step 44, and step 44
At step a, a motor drive signal necessary for driving the rotary electric motor 1a21 is generated, and in response to this, the rotary electric motor 21 rotates.

Then, the compressor 22 is driven by the rotary electric motor 21 to generate positive air pressure and apply it to the air tank 23 through the connecting pipe P1. After that, when a positive pressure signal is generated from the pressure switch 33, the microcomputer 37 determines YESJ in step 44, and eliminates the motor drive signal in step 4.4b to start the rotary motor 21 and compressor 22. make it stop. This means that air tank 23
This means that a positive pressure equal to or higher than the second predetermined value of 3 kg/crA is always maintained.

After that, in the process of transitioning the vehicle to a stop, the vehicle speed sensor 3
The level of the vehicle speed pulse from
When the level of the vehicle speed pulse does not change below km/h (non-change time of 1 second), the microcomputer 37 determines in step 42 that the vehicle is in a stopped state [YESJ]. Step 45
When the parking signal from the parking switch 34 disappears, rNOJ is determined at step 45a, and a first excitation signal necessary for excitation of the solenoid 26a of the electromagnetic valve 26 is generated at step 45a. Then, the solenoid valve 26 responds to the first excitation signal from the microcomputer 37.
26a allows communication between both the connecting pipes P4 and P5, and the cylinder 27 connects the connecting pipes P4 to P4 from the air tank 23 in its positive pressure chamber 27a. Positive air pressure applied through the electromagnetic valve 26 and the connecting pipe P5 causes the piston 27c to slide against the coil spring 27d, causing the connecting rod 17 to move to the left and pull the rear cable 19 in the same direction. This word means that the automatic braking operation of the parking brake mechanism 10 has started. In such a case, ball sector 15
However, in response to the leftward movement of the connecting rod 17, the claw portion 16b of the release lever 16 is rotated clockwise while being pushed upward in FIG. 2 against the coil spring 25e of the cylinder 25 by the teeth ff1S15b. Furthermore, when the ball sector 15 rotates in the clockwise direction, the slit 15a and the bin Ilb move relative to each other, so the parking lever 11 remains stationary.

When the ball sector 15 rotates clockwise to the position shown in FIG. 6 and a parking signal is generated from the parking switch 34, the microcomputer 37 determines rYEsJ in step 45, and proceeds to step 4.5b. At the same time, at step 45C, the first lighting signal is generated.
Extinguish the excitation signal. Then, the brake lamp L lights up in response to the lighting signal from the microcomputer 37.

This allows the driver to confirm that the parking brake mechanism 10 is in a reliable braking state. In such a case, the solenoid valve 26 seals the connecting pipe P4 by demagnetizing the solenoid 26a in response to disappearance of the first excitation signal from the microcomputer 37, and also closes the positive pressure chamber 27a of the cylinder 27.
The positive pressure is released to the atmosphere through the connecting pipe P5, but the ball sector 15 engages the claw part 1 of the release lever 16 at the tooth part 15b.
6b as shown in FIG. 6, the braking force of the parking brake mechanism 10 on the vehicle is maintained as is. Further, in such a stopped state of the vehicle, even if the forward shift signal continues to be generated from the forward shift switch 32a, the accelerator switch 31
Since the depressing signal from the step has disappeared, the microcomputer 37 determines rYEsJ at step 46, and then determines rNOJ at each step 47 and 48, and then steps 4.
3, it is determined that rNOj is present based on the parking signal from the parking switch 34, and thereafter each step 44, . 41,
45, 46, 47, 48 and 43 are repeated.

Therefore, since the vehicle is reliably maintained in a stopped state after the sufficient braking force of the parking brake mechanism 10 is applied, even if the automatic transmission is in the drive range, the problem that tends to occur in vehicles equipped with the automatic transmission can be prevented. It is possible to prevent the phenomenon of forward movement.

When the vehicle is stopped as described above, the vehicle should be started forward again (when the automatic transmission is shifted to the drive range and the accelerator pedal is depressed, the microcomputer 37 will change the mode to 4, forward, 7, 7
-I7. rYEsJ based on 3 forward shift signals
The determination is "NO" in step 47, the determination is rYEsJ based on the depression signal from the accelerator switch 31 in step 48, and the second An excitation signal is generated, and in response to this, the solenoid valve 24 energizes the solenoid 24a to open both connecting pipes P2. Allow communication between P3. Then, the cylinder 25 opens the air tank 23 in its positive pressure chamber 25a.
The piston 25c is moved to the coil spring 2 by receiving positive air pressure through the connecting pipe P2, the solenoid valve 24 and the connecting pipe P3.
5e to the right, the release lever 16 rotates counterclockwise as the engaging portion 25d of the cylinder 25 moves to the right, disengaging the claw portion 16b from the tooth portion 15b of the ball sector 15, and releasing the connecting rod. 17, that is, the rear cable 19 moves to the right while rotating the ball sector 15 counterclockwise under the elastic action of the springs of the respective brake shoes. Therefore, the parking brake mechanism 10 releases the braking action on each rear wheel, and the parking brake mechanism 10 releases the braking action on each rear wheel.
The opening causes the parking signal to disappear.

As a result, the vehicle starts forward with the parking brake mechanism 10 automatically releasing the brake.

When the parking signal from the parking switch 34 disappears as described above, the microcomputer 37 determines rYEsJ at step 49, extinguishes the lighting signal at step 49a, and extinguishes the second excitation signal at step 4.9b. let Then, the brake lamp L goes out as the lighting signal from the microcomputer 37 disappears, and the solenoid valve 24 seals the connecting pipe P2 by demagnetizing the solenoid 24.2 when the second excitation signal from the microcomputer 37 disappears. At the same time, the positive pressure in the positive pressure chamber 25a of the cylinder 25 is released to the atmosphere through the connecting pipe P3. Then, the piston 25C1 of the cylinder 25, that is, the engaging portion 25d moves to the left under the action of the coil spring 25e.
Both release levers 14.degree. 16 and the pole sector 15 are in the state shown in FIG.

In addition, as mentioned above, when restarting the vehicle,
When the knob 13b of the parking lever 11 is pushed against the coil spring 13a, the release lever 14 is rotated clockwise by the right movement of the link rod 13C, and the release lever 16 is pushed against the coil spring 25e of the cylinder 25. and rotate counterclockwise to separate the claw portion 16b from the tooth portion 15b of the pole sector 15. Then, in the same manner as described above, the pole sector 15 rotates counterclockwise to eliminate the braking action of the parking brake mechanism 10 and the parking signal from the parking switch 34,
In response to this, the microcomputer 37 performs step 4.
At step 3, it is determined that it is rYEsJ, and at step 43a, the brake lamp L is turned off by extinguishing the lighting signal. This allows the driver to recognize that the braking force of the parking brake mechanism 10 for the vehicle has been manually released. Thereafter, the vehicle can be started forward again by pressing the accelerator pedal and operating the automatic transmission.

Additionally, when the vehicle is stopped as described above and the vehicle is started backwards, if the automatic transmission is shifted to reverse range and the accelerator pedal is depressed,
The microcomputer 37 sequentially determines rYESJ in each step 4.6.47 based on the reverse shift signal from the reverse shift switch 32b, and advances the computer program to step 4. At this time, if there is an obstacle W behind the vehicle as shown in FIG. 3, the microcomputer 37 determines "YES" in step 49 based on the obstacle detection signal from the obstacle sensor 35. , despite the occurrence of a depression signal from the accelerator switch 31 in response to depression of the accelerator pedal, the determination of rYESJ in step 48 is prohibited, and the transition to step 48a of the computer program is prohibited.

In other words, even if the driver attempts to start the vehicle backwards despite the presence of an obstacle W behind it, the microcomputer 37 will cause the vehicle to move backwards regardless of whether the accelerator switch 31 generates a depression signal. Obstacle sensor 35
The generation of the second excitation signal is prohibited in step 48a based on the obstacle detection signal from the parking brake mechanism 1.
Since the braking state shown in FIG. 6 of 0 is maintained as it is, the vehicle does not move backward toward the obstacle W without knowing the existence of the obstacle W. can be maintained in the same position by braking. Note that this can also be achieved when the automatic transmission is in the reverse range when the vehicle is stopped with the accelerator pedal released, and the phenomenon of the vehicle being carried backwards can be achieved. Leads to outbreak prevention.

In addition, when the vehicle is started backwards as described above to enter the garage, the microcomputer 37
When the obstacle detection signal is generated from the obstacle sensor 35 against the inner wall of the garage, it is determined in step 49 that it is r-YESJ, and the braking operation of the parking brake mechanism 10 is maintained as described above. In such a case, the braking action of the parking brake mechanism 10 can be released by manual operation of the parking lever 13, regardless of the generation of the obstacle detection signal from the obstacle sensor 35.
, the vehicle can be entered into the garage from behind. Note that even when it is desired to move the vehicle that is stopped under the braking action of the parking brake mechanism 10 with the accelerator pedal released, the brake may be released by manual operation of the parking brake mechanism]O.

After the vehicle starts forward or backward as described above, when the ignition switch IG is opened in the process of stopping the vehicle, the microcomputer 37 executes step 4.
In Step 1, the closing signal from the ignition switch IG disappears, and the determination is "No", and in Step 41a, the motor drive signal disappears to stop the rotary motor 21. During the repetition of the determination with rNOJ in step 50, when the determination in step 50 becomes rYEsJ in the same manner as in step 42, the microcomputer 37 causes the steering knob 51 to close the parking switch 34. rNOJ under the disappearance of parking signal
Then, in step 51a, the first excitation signal is generated. Then, the solenoid valve 26 energizes the solenoid 26a in response to the first excitation signal from the microcomputer 37, so that both connecting pipes P4. P5 is allowed to communicate with the cylinder 27 in its positive pressure chamber 27a from the air tank 23 to the connecting pipe P4,
Positive air pressure is applied through the solenoid valve 26 and the connecting pipe P5 to cause the piston 27c to slide against the coil spring 27d, and the connecting rod 17 moves to the left to connect the rear cable 1.
9 in the same direction.

This means that the automatic braking action of the parking brake mechanism 10 has started. When bending, the pole sector 15 responds to the leftward movement of the connecting rod 17, and the tooth portion 15b
At this point, the claw portion 16b of the release lever 16 is rotated clockwise while being pushed upward in FIG. 2 against the coil spring 25e of the cylinder 25. Also, when the pole sector 15 is rotated in the clockwise direction, the slit 15
The parking lever 11 remains stationary due to the relative movement between a and pin llb.

When the pole sector 15 rotates clockwise to the position shown in FIG. 6 and a parking signal is generated from the parking switch 34, the microcomputer 37 determines rYEsJ in step 51, and the first The excitation signal is extinguished, and at step 51c, the lighting signal is extinguished to extinguish the brake lamp L. In such a case, the solenoid valve 2G seals the connecting pipe P4 by demagnetizing the solenoid 26a in response to the disappearance of the first excitation signal from the microcomputer 37, and also causes the positive pressure in the positive pressure chamber 27a of the cylinder 27 to pass through the connecting pipe P5. However, since the pawl sector 15 is engaged with the claw portion 16b of the release lever 16 at the tooth portion 15b as shown in FIG. 6, the braking force of the parking brake mechanism 10 on the vehicle is maintained as it is. Ru.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 6 shows an example in which the present invention is applied to an automatic hydraulic brake system for a vehicle (having an automatic transmission), and this hydraulic brake The system includes a foot brake mechanism 60 and an electric control circuit 70 connected to the foot brake mechanism 60. Foot brake mechanism 6
0 has a mask cylinder 61, and this mask cylinder 61 converts the hydraulic oil in the reservoir tank 61a into pressure oil in response to depression of the brake pedal 62, and applies it to the upstream part in the connecting pipe P6. The check valve 63 is interposed in the connecting pipe P6 to allow pressure oil to flow from the upstream part to the downstream part of the connecting pipe P6, and to prevent the pressure oil from flowing from the downstream part to the upstream part of the connecting pipe P6. prohibited.

The branch pipe P7 is connected at each end to the upstream and downstream parts of the connecting pipe P6, and a solenoid valve 64 of the open type is interposed in the branch pipe P7. Therefore, the solenoid valve 64 maintains an open state under the demagnetization of the solenoid 64a, and allows communication between the upstream and downstream pipes of the connecting pipe P6 via the branch pipe P7, and this communication is established by energizing the solenoid 64a. Close and shut off. Of the wheel cylinders 65, 66 (only the wheel cylinders 65 are shown in FIG. 7) provided on each front wheel (or each rear wheel) of the vehicle, the wheel cylinder 65 is connected from the downstream part of the connecting pipe P6 to the connecting pipe P8.
It operates by receiving pressurized oil through the connecting pipe P6 and applies braking force to the front wheel (or rear wheel), and when the brake pedal 62 is released, the pressurized oil in the connecting pipe P8 is transferred to the downstream part of the connecting pipe P6, It is extinguished by returning to the reservoir tank 61a via the branch pipe P7, the solenoid valve 64, the upstream part of the connecting pipe P6, and the mask cylinder 61. Note that the wheel cylinder 66 is connected to the connecting pipe P.
It is connected to the downstream portion of the connecting pipe P6 via the connecting pipe P6 and functions similarly to the wheel cylinder 65. In addition, the mask cylinder 61
and wheel cylinders provided on each rear wheel (or each front wheel, not shown) are connected via a connecting pipe PIO.

The electrical control circuit 70 includes a parking gear isode 1, a self-returning double-opening type switch 72, an ignition switch IG described in the first embodiment, and a DC power supply B.
, accelerator switch 3, forward shift switch 32a,
It has a microcomputer 73 connected to a reverse shift switch 32b, an obstacle sensor 35, and a vehicle speed sensor 36, and the parking switch 71 closes when the parking lever (not shown) of the vehicle is in a braking state and outputs a parking signal. This parking signal is opened and extinguished when the parking lever is in a non-braking operation state. The release switch 72 is the fund brake mechanism 60.
When releasing the braking action, it is temporarily closed and generates a release signal.

The microcomputer 73 is always in operation by being supplied with power from the DC power supply B, and repeatedly executes a computer program stored in the internal unit according to the flowchart shown in FIG. As stated, the solenoid 6 of the solenoid valve 64
4a and various calculation processes necessary for controlling the brake lamp L.

In this embodiment configured as described above, when the vehicle is running with the ignition switch IC closed, the microcomputer 73 switches the ignition switch in step 81 of the computer program according to the flowchart of FIG. Based on the closing signal from IG
It is determined as YESJ, and in step 82, it is determined as ``NO'' based on each vehicle speed pulse from the vehicle speed sensor 36, and the cyclic calculations in steps 81 and 82 are thereafter repeated.

After that, the brake pedal 62 is pressed to stop the vehicle.
When you step on the mask cylinder 61, the hydraulic oil in the reservoir tank 1a is converted into pressure oil 1, and this pressure oil is passed through the check valve 6.
3 and each wheel shaft through the solenoid valve 64) 7 da 65.6
6 and is also applied to other wheel cylinders (not shown) via the connecting pipe PIO (=J. Then, each wheel cylinder shifts the vehicle to a stopped state by its respective braking action. Also, at this time, the above-mentioned As in the case of the first embodiment, when the level of the vehicle speed pulse from the vehicle speed sensor 36 does not change for more than the predetermined time, the microcomputer 73 determines rYEsj in step 82, and in step 82a, the solenoid of the solenoid valve 64 is activated. 64. Generate an excitation signal necessary for excitation of a, and generate a lighting signal in step 82b.

Then, the solenoid valve 64 is closed by the excitation of the solenoid 64a in response to the excitation signal from the microcomputer 73, and the communication between the upstream and downstream parts of the connecting pipe P6 via the branch pipe P7 is cut off. Connecting pipe P6 with the cooperation of
downstream part and each connecting pipe P8. Keep the pressure oil in P9 as it is. As a result, each wheel cylinder 65, 66 maintains the stopped state of the vehicle by its braking force, regardless of whether the brake pedal 62 is released. Furthermore, since the brake lamp L lights up in response to the lighting signal from the microcomputer 73, the driver can confirm that the foot brake mechanism 60 is in the braking state. In addition, in such a stopped state of the vehicle, even though the forward shift signal is still being generated from the forward shift switch 32a, the depression signal from the accelerator switch 31 has disappeared, so the microcomputer 73 performs step 83. After determining rYEsJ at each step 84゜87
``NO'' is determined in step 86, and rNOJ is determined in step 86 on the premise that no release signal is generated from the release switch 72''. Therefore, the vehicle is reliably maintained in a stopped state after the sufficient braking force of the foot brake mechanism 60 is applied, so that it is possible to prevent the occurrence of the seepage phenomenon that tends to occur in vehicles having automatic transmissions.

In the stopped state as described above, when the automatic transmission is shifted to the drive range and the accelerator pedal is depressed in order to start the vehicle forward again, the microcomputer 73 switches the forward shift switch 3 in step 83.
Based on the forward shift signal from accelerator switch 31, it is determined as rYEsJ, and in step 84 it is determined as 1NO, and in step 87, rYE is determined based on the depression signal from accelerator switch 31.
S'', the excitation signal is extinguished in step 87a, and the lighting signal is extinguished in step 87b.

Then, the solenoid valve 64 is opened by demagnetizing the solenoid 64a as the excitation signal from the microcomputer 73 disappears, allowing communication between the downstream and upstream parts of the connecting pipe P6 via the branch pipe P7. Then, each wheel cylinder 6
5.66 connects the pressure oil inside each of the connecting pipes P8. P
9 to the downstream part of the connecting pipe P6, the branch pipe P7. Solenoid valve 64.
It flows back into the reservoir tank 61a through the upstream part of the connecting pipe P6 and the mask cylinder 61, and automatically releases each braking force. Also, the brake light L is on the microcomputer 7.
The light goes out in response to the disappearance of the lighting signal from 3. Thereby, the driver can start the vehicle forward after reliably recognizing the automatic brake release of the foot brake mechanism 60.

Furthermore, when the automatic transmission is shifted to the reverse range and the accelerator pedal is depressed in order to start the stopped vehicle backwards as described above, the microcomputer 73 activates the reverse shift switch 32.
Each step 83.84 based on the reverse shift signal from b.
The computer program then proceeds to step 85. At this time, if the release switch 72 is not operated and there is an obstacle W behind the vehicle as in the first embodiment, the microcomputer 73 determines in step 85 that the obstacle W exists behind the vehicle. sensor 3
Based on the obstacle detection signal from 5, it is determined that it is rYEsJ,
In step 86, it is determined that it is rNOJ after the release signal from the release switch 72 is not generated, and in step 87, it is determined that it is rYESJ despite the generation of the depressing signal from the accelerator switch 31 in response to depressing the accelerator pedal. This prohibits the computer program from proceeding to step 87a and subsequent steps.

In other words, even if the driver attempts to start the vehicle backwards without operating the release switch 72 even though there is an obstacle W in the rear, the microcomputer 73 will not activate the accelerator switch 31. Based on the obstacle detection signal from the obstacle sensor 35, the extinction of the excitation signal is prohibited in step 87a, and the foot brake mechanism 60 is placed under braking action by closing the solenoid valve 64, regardless of the generation of the depression signal from the obstacle sensor 35. Since the vehicle is maintained as it is, the vehicle can be maintained at the same position by braking without causing an unexpected situation such as the vehicle moving backward toward the obstacle W without knowing the existence of the obstacle W. Note that this can be similarly achieved when the automatic transmission is in the reverse range when the vehicle is stopped with the accelerator pedal released, and the phenomenon of transmission to the rear of the vehicle can be achieved. Leads to outbreak prevention.

In addition, when the vehicle is started backwards as described above to enter the garage, the microcomputer 73
is determined to be rYESJ in step 85 due to the generation of an obstacle detection signal from the obstacle sensor 35 against the inner wall of the garage, and the transition to step 87a via step 87 of the computer program is prohibited. In this case, if the release switch 72 is temporarily opened, the microcomputer 73 performs rYE in step 86 based on the release signal from the release switch 72.
sJ, and when the excitation signal disappears in step 87a, the braking operation of the fund brake mechanism 60 is switched off to the solenoid valve 64.
It will be canceled in the same manner as above with the approval of. This allows the vehicle to enter the garage from the rear. In addition,
Also, when it is desired to move a stopped vehicle under braking action with the solenoid valve 64 of the foot brake mechanism 60 closed, by releasing the accelerator pedal or leaving the automatic transmission shifted to the neutral range. The braking operation of the foot brake mechanism 60 may be released by opening the release switch 72.

After the vehicle starts forward or backward as described above, in the process of stopping the vehicle, the brake pedal 62 is depressed to stop the vehicle and the ignition switch IG is turned on.
If the microcomputer 73 opens the step 8, the microcomputer 73
At step 1, when the closing signal from the ignition switch IG disappears, the determination is "NO" and the computer program proceeds to step 89. At this time, parking switch 7
If the parking signal from 1 has disappeared, the microcomputer 73 determines [NOj] in step 89, and in step 90, returns 1 minute after the initial determination of ``NO'' in step 89. Because it has not passed,
It is determined as “NO”. In such a state, if a manual braking operation is performed using the parking lever, a parking signal is generated from the parking switch 71, and the manual braking operation using the parking lever is applied to the vehicle while the solenoid valve 64 of the mat brake mechanism 60 is closed. Additional assistance for braking action. This means that the braked stopped state of the vehicle can be maintained reliably. Further, the microcomputer 73 performs step 89a.
In step 82a, the generated excitation signal is extinguished, and in response, the solenoid valve 64 is opened, but the braked stop state of the vehicle is reliably maintained under the manual braking operation of the parking lever. be done. Note that, in step 89b, the microcomputer 73 extinguishes the lighting signal that has already been generated in step 82b, and turns off the brake lamp L.

In each of the above embodiments, an example was explained in which the system of the present invention was applied to a vehicle having an automatic transmission, but instead of this, the system of the present invention was applied to a vehicle having a manual transmission. In such a case, the forward shift signal from the forward shift switch 32a (or
The reverse shift signal from the reverse shift switch 32b may be generated by shifting the manual transmission to the forward shift position (or reverse shift position), and a clutch switch may be used in place of the accelerator switch 31. ``YESJ'' in step 48.87 may be determined based on the operating state accompanying the release of the clutch pedal; It is also possible to perform a discrimination between rYESJ and rYESJ in .87.

Furthermore, in the first embodiment, the parking lever 1
Although an example has been described in which the present invention is applied to a parking brake mechanism 1° having a parking brake mechanism 1, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the present invention may be applied to, for example, a pedal-type or stick-type parking brake mechanism.

Further, in the first embodiment, the air tank 23 was used as the energy source of the system of the present invention, but instead of this, a negative pressure source, a hydraulic pressure source, etc. may be used as the energy source, or a rotary electric motor , Sonia solenoid, etc. may be employed as the energy source; in such a case,
The driving force may be made variable by current detection.

Further, in each of the above embodiments, an example has been described in which the obstacle sensor 35 is provided at the rear end of one side of the vehicle. An obstacle sensor 35 is attached to the rear of the vehicle and (
Or) the vehicle may be prohibited from starting backwards or forwards by detecting obstacles in front.

Further, in each of the embodiments described above, the obstacle sensor 35 using ultrasonic waves is used as the obstacle detection means, but instead of this, an obstacle sensor using electromagnetic waves may be used as the obstacle detection means. Good too.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram corresponding to the configuration of the invention described in the claims, FIG. 2 is an overall configuration diagram showing the first embodiment of the invention,
Figure 3 is an installation diagram of the obstacle sensor in Figure 2, Figures 4 and 5 are flowcharts showing the operation of the microcomputer in Figure 2, and Figure 6 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the parking brake mechanism in Figure 2. , FIG. 7 is an overall configuration diagram showing the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
3 is a flowchart showing the operation of the J microcomputer. Description of symbols 10... Parking brake mechanism, 20... Pneumatic circuit, 31... Accelerator switch, 32a... Forward shift switch, 32b... Reverse shift switch,
35... Obstacle sensor, 36... Vehicle speed sensor, 37
．． 73... Micro combinator, 60... Foot brake mechanism.

Claims (1)

[Claims] stop detection means that detects when the vehicle has stopped and generates a stop detection signal; start operation detection means that detects when a start operation mechanism of the vehicle is operated and generates a start operation detection signal; and the stop detection means. output signal generating means for generating an output signal in response to the signal and extinguishing the output signal in response to the starting operation detection signal; An automatic braking system comprising: a driving force generating means that disappears in response to the disappearance of an output signal; and a braking means that brakes a vehicle according to the driving force and releases the braking based on the disappearance of the driving force, A starting direction detecting means for generating a starting direction detection signal when detecting the starting direction of the vehicle; and an obstacle detecting means for detecting an obstacle in the starting direction of the vehicle and generating an obstacle detection signal. An automatic braking system for a vehicle, wherein the output generating means prohibits disappearance of the output signal in response to the starting direction detection signal and the obstacle detection signal.