JPS6132350Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to a testing machine for measuring the r value of metal materials such as thin steel plates, that is, numerical values related to drawing characteristics.

The r value is an abbreviation of the Rankford value, and is a numerical value related to the drawing characteristics of a thin plate-like test piece, and is determined by the following formula.

Here, L _O ...The distance between the test piece gauges before the test piece is pulled L _T ...The test piece gauge distance after the test piece is pulled W _O ...The width of the parallel part of the test piece before the test piece is pulled W _T ...The test piece is pulled after the test piece is pulled Later Width of Parallel Part of Test Piece Such r-value measurements have been conventionally carried out because it is necessary to know the drawing characteristics of the test piece. By the way, in the conventional r value measurement, first, the gauge distance L of the thin steel plate test piece is measured.
Manually measure the parallel part width W _O using a length measuring device or micrometer, then hold the test piece in the chuck of a material testing machine such as a universal testing machine, and measure the elongation required to measure the r value _. Apply a tensile load to the test piece until it occurs, and after tension, remove the test piece from the material testing machine and use a length measuring device or micrometer again to measure the gauge distance L _T and parallel part width W _T after the tensile test. The value is obtained by measuring and substituting each measured value into the above formula.

In r-value measurement, it is necessary to measure each numerical value of the test piece with high precision, for example, about ±5 μm, but as in the past, the tensile distance is measured using a universal testing machine, and the measurement after the test is performed using a micrometer, etc. In the manual method, measurement errors occur and accurate r-value measurements cannot be made, and it is time-consuming and labor-intensive.

The present invention overcomes these drawbacks and provides a testing machine for measuring the r value, which allows the measurement to be carried out automatically by a machine.

The features of the testing machine for r-value measurement of the present invention include a feeding mechanism that supplies a plate-shaped test piece to a tensile position for testing exclusively for r-value measurement, and a feeding mechanism that feeds the test piece in the longitudinal direction until the elongation necessary for r-value measurement occurs. two tension mechanisms that pull from both sides, a measurement mechanism that measures the gage distance and width dimension of the test specimen before and after tension, and a mechanism that moves these measurement mechanisms forward and backward with respect to the test specimen gripped by the tension mechanisms; It consists of a calculation mechanism that calculates the r value of the test piece, a collection mechanism that collects the test piece after measurement, and a timing control mechanism that controls the operation timing of each of the above mechanisms, and measures the distance between these gauges and the width dimension. The test piece is configured so that the test piece is held in the tension mechanism, and the r value can be measured from the measured values of the gauge distance and the width. The illustrated embodiment will be described below.

In Fig. 1, DB is the main body of the testing machine, and a drive mechanism is installed inside as will be described later. TD is a tension section with a built-in horizontal tension mechanism that pulls the test piece TP such as a thin steel plate, and LM is a measurement section that measures the gauge distance and width of the test piece TP.
The TD and measurement section LM are installed on the main body section DB. TP ₁ is a test piece taken out from the test piece supply part FB and waiting at the position to be supplied to the tensioning part TD. This is a hydraulic pressure generating unit, and hydraulic pressure is supplied to the tension part TD and other parts through a pipe P.

FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram showing the entire configuration of the r-value measurement testing machine according to the present invention, in which each component shown in FIG. 1, a test piece collection section WI having a test piece collection mechanism, Calculation unit OP that has a calculation mechanism that receives and calculates each measurement signal from measurement unit LM
The operation timing of all the components is controlled by a control signal P.
A timing control section TC has a timing control mechanism that performs sequence control according to the timing control section TC, and the sample flows along the solid line arrow and repeated tests are performed. The broken line is the control signal P. Each part will be explained in detail below.

Figure 2 shows the internal structure of the test machine with the cover of the main parts removed, and 1 and 1' are hydraulic chucks installed on both sides of the center of the horizontal tension section TD. TP ₂ is supplied to the tension position and the above 1,
This is a test piece held at 1'. The test piece TP ₂ is gripped by hydraulic pressure supplied through the pipe P as described above. Both hydraulic chucks 1 and 1' are used to hold the specimen TP ₂ until the necessary elongation for r-value measurement occurs by means of tension drives installed on both sides separately.
It operates (displaces) by grasping and pulling it. Moreover, both hydraulic chucks 1 and 1' remain on the test piece even after tension.
By gripping the TP ₂ , it is possible to properly measure the dimensions of a specimen for r-value measurement. This is one of the major features of this idea.

The tension drive units for both hydraulic chucks 1, 1' are installed on both sides as described above, but since the drive unit on the chuck 1' side is not shown, only the chuck 1 side will be described. Generation of the tensile force of this tension drive unit is performed by a screw feeding mechanism. 2
is a screw rod screwed into the nut portion of the chuck 1, and is held rotatably while being prevented from moving in the axial direction by a bearing portion 43 installed on a fixed portion 42.

3 is chuck 1 when the screw feeding mechanism is activated.
This is a guide shaft that prevents rotation of the shaft. Numerals 4, 5, and 6 are drive gear systems that transmit the rotation of the output shaft 9 of the motor 10 to the threaded rod 2. 8 is a reducer for the output shaft 9, 8'
is its output shaft, and a gear 6 is fixed thereto. 7
is a transmission shaft connected to the gear 5, which extends to the right and is used to operate the tension drive section of the chuck 1'. The motor 10 and reducer 8 are in the main body.
It is fixedly installed on the fixed mount 11 of the DB.

In this manner, due to the rotation of the screw rod 2, the chucks 1 and 1' are displaced in both directions according to the amount of rotation of the screw rod 2, and a certain amount of tensile load is applied to the test piece TP ₂ according to the principle of the screw feed mechanism.

Since the amount of tension required for r-value measurement, that is, elongation, is 1.15 to 1.20 times the gauge distance (L), when the motor 10 is displaced to this required amount,
rotation is automatically stopped. This stopping operation is performed by measuring the number of rotations of the threaded rod 2 in the bearing part 43.
When it reaches the rotation speed corresponding to the above required amount, the timing control unit TC detects this and sends a control signal.
P ₂ is generated and is automatically performed.

In this way, the test piece TP ₂ is pulled by a certain amount to measure the r value, but the preliminary operation of supplying the test piece TP to the pulling position is also automatically performed. The mechanism is shown in Figure 3.

That is, suction cups 12 and 12' are arranged to be able to move up and down to pick up the test specimens TP loaded in the supply section FB one by one from above, and the suction cups 12 and 12' at the positions shown in the figure are at the uppermost position. Moreover, it shows a state in which test piece TP ₁ is adsorbed. This position is a standby position for feeding the test piece TP ₁ to the tension position as described above.

Reference numerals 13 and 13' denote test piece gripping tools attached to the tip of the supply arm (auto hand) 16, which is opened by the cylinder 14 in the state shown in the figure, and is in a state where the operation moves on to grip the waiting test piece TP ₁ . It is.
The supply arm 16 is a part of the rod that is moved in and out by the cylinder 15. In the illustrated state, it is in the most contracted state, and when the test piece TP ₁ is gripped, it advances and contracts again. The movement of the arm 16 in and out is caused by the contact between the operating pieces 18, 18' attached to the guide rod 16' of the supply arm 16 and the micro switches 19, 19', and a control signal _P1 is sent from the timing controller TC. The actuating cylinder 14 and each other are controlled in this manner.

First, the cylinder 15 is activated from the state shown in FIG.
The test piece TP ₁ is moved to the position of the test piece TP 1 held by the suction cups 12 and 12' in an open state. Then, the cylinder 14 is actuated and the grippers 13, 13' close to grip the test piece _TP1 . Next, when the supply arm 16 contracts again to the state shown in the figure, the rotation drive machine 44 operates to rotate the operating cylinder 15 counterclockwise about the support shaft 17, and the supply arm 16 moves toward the test piece TP. Holding ₁ , rotate 90 degrees and stand upright. At that position, the supply arm 16 advances again and supplies the test piece to the TP ₂ position, that is, the tension position.

In addition, in this application, the tension mechanism is horizontal, but as is clear from the above, by making it horizontal, it is easier to supply the test piece compared to the vertical type, and furthermore, the height of the device itself can be significantly lowered. This is possible.

The above is the feeding process, but when the test piece TP ₂ is pulled and the r value measurement is completed, the feeding arm 16
is switched to the function of a collection arm (recovery unit WI) and starts operating in the reverse order of the above-mentioned supply process.

That is, the upright supply arm 16 advances upward again in response to the control signal _P3 from the timing control unit TC, grabs the test piece _TP2 held by the chucks 1 and 1', contracts, and then rotates 90 degrees clockwise. Rotate to. Then, the state shown in Fig. 3 is reached, and in this state, the grips 13 and 13' are opened by the operation of the cylinder 14, and the gripped test piece is released from the grips 13 and 13'.
fall from The fallen test piece falls into the collection case 46 by the guide plate 45 and is collected.

The above supply and collection operations are performed by the timing control unit.
The sequence control signals P ₁ and P ₃ from the TC ensure that the operations are performed in an orderly manner and repeatedly.

The test piece fed to the tension position by the feeding mechanism as described above is gripped by both hydraulic chucks 1 and 1', and is brought into the state shown in FIG. In this case, before tensioning, the gage distance and width of the specimen TP ₂ are first measured.

Reference numerals 34 and 34' denote width measuring elements for measuring the width of the parallel portion of the test piece TP ₂ , and they are arranged correspondingly at an interval slightly larger than the width of the test piece. Movable frames 37, 37' are fixed to the measuring elements 34, 34', and the measuring elements 34, 34 are guided by the frames 37, 37'.
4' is displaced to the width dimension of the test piece _TP2 . 38,3
Reference numeral 8' denotes a cylinder for advancing and retracting the probes 34 and 34', and a movable base 33 that can be moved in the horizontal direction.
It is installed on a fixed frame 47 attached to.

A width measuring device 35 is attached to a frame 37', and a measuring rod 36 attached to the frame 37 passes through it. This measuring rod 36 is the measuring element 34, 3
The probe moves in and out of the measuring device 35 in accordance with the displacement of the measuring element 4', and a pulse signal _A1 corresponding to the amount of inflow and outflow is transmitted to electrically measure the distance between the two measuring elements 34, 34'. Therefore, the movable base 33 moves to the right along the rail 29, and the probes 34, 34' touch the test piece TP ₂
When reaching the position , the probes 34, 34' advance toward the test piece TP ₂ by the actuation of the cylinders 38, 38'. Then, the width dimension (W _o ) is measured from the amount of displacement of the probes 34 and 34' until they come into contact with the parallel portion of the test piece TP ₂ .

In order to always measure the width dimension W _O at the central position of the parallel portion, the movable table 33 can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the test piece TP ₂ . 41,4
1' is a guide rod that guides the movement direction.
Reference numeral 48 denotes a threaded rod screwed onto the movable base 33, and when this threaded rod 48 is rotated by the gear 40, the movable base 33 is moved according to the principle of a screw feed mechanism.
39 is a driving gear of the gear 40, and both gears 3
9 and 40 are rotatably attached to the fixed part of the main body part DB. If this moving mechanism is used, the accuracy can be improved by, for example, moving the probes 34, 34' along the parallel portion of the test piece to measure three points and finding the average value.

The movable base 33 connects to the cylinder 31 via a connecting rod 49.
When this cylinder 31 is operated, since the rod 32 is fixed, the cylinder 31 moves left and right, and thus the movable base 33 moves left and right.

To the right of the connecting rod 49 is the length measuring section of the test piece TP ₂ .
LM is suspended. As shown in FIG. 3, the gage distance measuring device 24 in the measuring section LM is in the specimen tension position at the illustrated position, and the width measuring tip 3
4 and 34' are located to the left of that position.
That is, the gage distance measuring device 24 of the test piece and the width measuring elements 34, 34' have a constant distance, and are held via the connecting rod 49 so as to maintain this distance. The movable base 33 and the connecting rod 49 are adapted to move left and right by the above distance (the distance between the gauge distance measuring device and the width gauge head) by the operation of the cylinder 31, and the gauge distance measuring device 24 When is in the test piece pulling position, the width gauges 34, 34' are retracted to the left, and when the movable table 33 is advanced to the right and positioned at the test piece pulling position, the gauge distance measuring device 24
will be displaced to the right. In this manner, the gage distance measuring device 24 and the width measuring elements 34, 34' are alternately moved forward and backward into the test piece pulling position, that is, the measuring position.

The gage distance measuring device 24 measures the gage distance (elongation) of the test piece TP.
This is done by holding both gauge points of the test piece TP with 1'. The clamping and releasing of the test piece TP between the clamping indenters 21 and 21' is performed by solenoids 22 and 22'. Reference numerals 20 and 20' are test piece gripping tools for the chuck 1'.

When the two measuring pieces 23, 23' are displaced relative to each other as the test pieces are stretched by tension, this displacement is transmitted to the measuring rod 26 and measured as a pulse signal _A2 from the oscillator 25 into which the measuring rod 26 is inserted. The amount of stretch of the test piece TP is measured by measuring this pulse signal _A2 , and the measured value is transmitted to the timing control unit TC, and the tensile drive is stopped when the stretch required for the r value occurs. That is,
The motor 10 is controlled to be stopped.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 27 is a cylinder for moving the measuring device 24 forward and backward in the vertical direction with respect to the test piece TP ₂ below, and 28 and 28' are guide tubes thereof.
Further, 30 is a hanging tool.

With the above configuration, each measurement value from the gage distance measuring mechanism and the width dimension measuring mechanism is sent to the calculation unit OP, and the r value is automatically calculated and recorded if necessary. . In this way, in this invention, the test piece is pulled from both sides, and each measuring mechanism moves forward and backward with respect to the gripped test piece, so the r value can be measured while the test piece is in a fixed position. This not only increases the accuracy of the process, but also facilitates and automates its operation. This point is a major feature of this idea.

The above configuration is not provided with a mechanism for measuring the load on the test piece applied by the tension of the test piece, and has been described as a testing machine exclusively for measuring the r value.
This configuration can also be used in devices equipped with a measuring mechanism.

The features of this device are as described above, but the present invention is not limited to the illustrated example; for example, instead of the gage distance measuring device and the width dimension measuring device alternately advancing and retreating from the test piece, both It is also possible to have a configuration in which measurements are made by constantly contacting the test piece. In the case of a width dimension measuring device, if a plurality of these are installed to perform multi-point measurement, the accuracy can be improved as in the case of the three-point measurement. In addition to the pulse generation type measuring device consisting of a measuring rod and a transmitter into which it is inserted, a measuring mechanism based on a potentiometer method, an optical method, or other principles can be used. Various configurations are possible for the test piece supply mechanism, and for the tension mechanism, a hydraulic type can also be used in addition to the screw feeding mechanism.

The r-value measurement testing machine of the present invention has the above-described configuration and can measure r-value with good accuracy.
This is because the gage distance and width of the specimen are not measured manually, so there is no human error, and they are measured mechanically while still being held in the testing machine. Based on configuration. This is because the test piece is fixed as it is pulled from both sides, and the measuring mechanism moves forward and backward with respect to the test piece while it is held in the chuck. Furthermore, since the present invention is a test exclusively for the r value, unnecessary configurations can be omitted, the device can be made smaller, and the tensile test accuracy can be improved.
That is, it is small, simple in structure, economical, and has good accuracy. Another advantage is that the r-value measurement operation is easy and does not require skill.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is an external front view of the r-value measurement tester according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a diagram showing the internal configuration of the main parts, and Figure 3 is a diagram showing the internal configuration of the main parts.
The figure is a sectional view taken along the line A-A' in FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the overall structure in a block diagram. TP...Test piece, FB...Test piece supply section, TD...
...Tensile test section, DB...Main body section, LM...Measurement section,
HU...Hydraulic unit, TC...Timing control section, WI...Test piece collection section, OP...Calculation section, P...
...Control signal, 1,1'...Hydraulic chuck, 2...
... Screw rod, 4, 5, 6 ... Gear, 10 ... Motor, 12 ... Suction cup, 14, 15 ... Operating cylinder, 16 ... Supply arm, 20, 20' ... Gripping tool,
21, 21'...Indenter, 23, 23'...Measuring piece, 24...Gage distance measuring device, 25...Transmitter, 26...Measuring rod, 27, 31...Cylinder,
29... Rail, 32... Rod, 33... Movable base, 34, 34'... Width measuring element, 35... Width measuring device, 36... Measuring rod, 43... Bearing section, 48...
Threaded rod, 49...Connecting rod.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A test piece supply mechanism that sequentially automatically supplies plate-shaped test pieces to the tension position, two tension mechanisms that pull the test piece from both sides in the longitudinal direction until the elongation necessary for r-value measurement occurs; A test piece gauge distance measurement mechanism for measuring the gauge distance of a test piece held by a tension mechanism before and after tension, and a test piece gauge distance measurement mechanism for measuring the width dimension of a test piece held by the tension mechanism before and after tension. a width dimension measuring mechanism; an advancing/retracting mechanism for moving the gauge-to-gauge distance measuring mechanism and the width dimension-measuring mechanism back and forth for measurement with respect to the specimen gripped by both the tension mechanisms; and the gauge-to-gauge distance measuring mechanism. a calculation mechanism that calculates the r value of the plate-shaped test piece from the respective measurement values of the mechanism and the width measurement mechanism; a test piece collection mechanism that automatically collects the plate-shaped test pieces in sequence after measurement is completed; and a timing control mechanism that controls the operation timing of the mechanism.
Testing machine for value measurement.