CN108426783B - Micro-shear test device - Google Patents
Micro-shear test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN108426783B CN108426783B CN201710079292.6A CN201710079292A CN108426783B CN 108426783 B CN108426783 B CN 108426783B CN 201710079292 A CN201710079292 A CN 201710079292A CN 108426783 B CN108426783 B CN 108426783B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/58—Investigating machinability by cutting tools; Investigating the cutting ability of tools
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0025—Shearing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0053—Cutting or drilling tools
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
- G01N2203/0296—Welds
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/04—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils
Abstract
The invention discloses a micro-shear test device which comprises a base, wherein a sample fixing device comprises a sample support, a clamping block and a rear clamping block. The cutter comprises a cutter handle connected to the tensile testing machine and a cutter head arranged at the bottom of the cutter handle. Be equipped with the cavity frame that is located sample fixing device front end on the base, the well kenozooecium of frame is equipped with two relative briquetting support arms, be equipped with the briquetting slidable between the briquetting support arm, the briquetting top is equipped with the gear, the gear both ends are equipped with along the axial with gear synchronous rotation's disc cam, disc cam offsets with the briquetting, the top of frame is vertically passed to the handle of a knife, and be equipped with on the lateral wall of handle of a knife lower part with gear matched with rack, the hollow part that the volume of awaiting measuring sample front end stretched into the frame is located tool bit and briquetting below. The device also comprises a linear bearing positioned at the top of the frame, an axial through hole is arranged in the middle of the linear bearing, and the tool shank can penetrate through the axial through hole in a vertically moving mode. The device can keep the vertical shearing of the tool bit to the sample to be measured, and the measurement is accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of welding joint detection, in particular to a micro-shear test device.
Background
After two or more parts are connected in a welding mode, a welding joint is formed at the joint, and the mechanical property of the welding joint has direct influence on the welding quality, so that the welding process needs to be improved and the welding strength needs to be improved by researching the mechanical property of the welding joint. The shear strength is one of basic parameters for evaluating the mechanical property of the welding joint, and because the mechanical property of the welding joint has non-uniformity and the mechanical property at different positions on the welding joint also has complex influence on the whole bearing capacity, different areas of the welding joint need to be sheared (i.e. micro-sheared) to measure the local shear strength of the welding joint, thereby realizing the accurate evaluation of the bearing capacity of the welding joint. It is therefore desirable to provide a device that will microshear the weld joint.
The prior art provides a miniature shear test device, and the device includes the base, and the base top is provided with anchor clamps, and the anchor clamps middle part is equipped with the bar recess for hold and wait to detect the sample, the anchor clamps rear end is provided with the briquetting. The device still includes shearing tool, and shearing tool includes handle of a knife and tool bit, and the handle of a knife is connected with universal tester's last chuck. During the use, will wait to detect the sample and put into the recess of anchor clamps to compress tightly through the briquetting, make universal tester pass through the tool bit and wait to detect the sample and cut, simultaneously, utilize universal tester's load cell and displacement sensor to gather the data of shearing process, wait to detect the sample and cut, alright obtain the local shear strength numerical value of welded joint.
The inventor finds that the prior art has at least the following technical problems:
in the miniature shear test device provided by the prior art, the universal testing machine is unstable in clamping the cutter handle, so that the shearing angle of a to-be-detected sample of the cutter head is easy to deflect, and the accuracy of the shearing strength value is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the embodiment of the invention is to provide a micro-shear test device which can keep a cutter head to vertically shear and can accurately measure, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:
the embodiment of the invention provides a micro-shear test device, which comprises a base, wherein a sample fixing device is arranged on the base and comprises a sample support arranged on the base, a front clamping block is arranged at the front end of the sample support, and a rear clamping block is arranged at the rear end of the sample support; the device further comprises a cutter, wherein the cutter comprises a cutter handle connected to the tensile testing machine and a cutter head arranged at the bottom of the cutter handle.
A frame positioned at the front end of the sample fixing device is arranged on the base, and two opposite pressing block supporting arms are arranged in the hollow part of the frame; a pressing block capable of sliding up and down is arranged between the two pressing block supporting arms; a gear and two disc cams are arranged above the pressing block between the two pressing block supporting arms, and the two disc cams are coaxially arranged at two ends of the gear and synchronously rotate with the gear; the periphery of the disc cam is abutted against the pressing block.
The top of the frame is provided with a linear bearing with an axial through hole, the tool shank can penetrate through the axial through hole and the top of the frame in a vertically moving mode, and a rack meshed with the gear is arranged on the side wall of the lower portion of the tool shank.
Specifically, preferably, the rear clamping block is square steel, and a clamping hole is transversely formed in the square steel and used for allowing a sample to be measured to pass through; the top of the square steel is in threaded connection with a butterfly bolt, and the bottom of the butterfly bolt is used for abutting against the sample to be measured; and a clamping groove is formed in the top surface of the front clamping block and used for containing the sample to be measured.
Specifically, preferably, a rotatable lead screw is transversely arranged in the sample support, and the rear end of the lead screw is positioned outside the sample support; the sample support is provided with a transverse guide rail, and the lower part of the rear clamping block is positioned in the transverse guide rail and is in threaded connection with the lead screw; and the rear clamping block moves back and forth by rotating the lead screw.
Specifically, as preferred, the frame includes horizontal support to and vertical setting is in horizontal support both ends below, be provided with on the lateral wall of vertical support and observe the through-hole.
Specifically, preferably, the tool shank is a cylinder, a connecting flange is arranged at the top of the tool shank, and the connecting flange is connected with the tensile testing machine flange; a semi-cylindrical step extends out of the bottom of the cutter handle, the cutter head is arranged at the lower part of the semi-cylindrical step, and the rack is arranged on the plane side wall of the semi-cylindrical step.
Specifically, preferably, the cutter head includes a connecting arm and a blade provided at a bottom of the connecting arm, and the connecting arm is detachably connected to a lower portion of the semi-cylindrical step by a fixing screw.
Specifically, preferably, an included angle between the tool nose of the blade and the horizontal direction is a shearing front angle, and an included angle between the tool nose of the blade and the vertical direction is a shearing rear angle; the shear front angle and the shear rear angle are both 3-4 degrees.
Specifically, as a preferred option, the device further comprises a return spring, the upper end of the return spring abuts against the periphery of the disc cam, and the lower end of the return spring is connected with the pressing block.
Specifically, preferably, the front end face of the pressing block is an inclined plane, and the angle of the inclined plane is 78-83 degrees.
Specifically, the length of the rack is preferably 1/3-1/2 of the circumference of the gear.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the micro-shear test device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the hollow frame is arranged on the base, and the pressing block supporting arm is arranged in the frame, so that the pressing block can be adjusted up and down. Through setting up synchronous pivoted gear and disc cam above the briquetting to drive gear and disc cam through the rack on the handle of a knife, when the handle of a knife downstream, the major diameter end of disc cam promotes the briquetting and compresses tightly the volume of awaiting measuring sample under the drive of rack and gear, avoids the volume of awaiting measuring sample to rock and lead to measuring inaccurate. Meanwhile, the gear and the rack are matched accurately, so that the pressing degree of the pressing block on the sample to be measured is convenient to control, and the measuring precision of the shear strength of the sample to be measured is improved. In addition, the linear bearing is arranged at the top of the frame, the tool shank moves up and down in the axial through hole of the linear bearing, so that the linear motion of the tool shank is guaranteed, the tool shank is prevented from moving obliquely, a tool bit cannot vertically shear a sample to be measured, and the measurement precision of the shear strength of the sample to be measured is improved. Therefore, the micro-shear test device provided by the embodiment of the invention can ensure that the cutter head vertically shears a sample to be measured, is accurate in measurement and convenient to use, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and application.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a micro-shear testing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a sample holding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a micro-shear testing apparatus provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of a micro-shear testing apparatus provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a tool shank provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a view showing the internal structure of a sample holding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a partial perspective view of a micro-shear testing apparatus provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a structural view of a cutter head provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numerals denote:
1, a base plate is arranged on the base plate,
2 a sample fixing device for fixing a sample,
201 a sample holder, which is to be mounted,
202 the front clamping block is clamped by a clamping block,
203, the back of the clamping block is clamped,
204 of the butterfly bolt, and the butterfly bolt,
205 a lead-screw, and a lead screw,
3, cutting the workpiece by a cutter in a cutting way,
301 the tool shank,
3011 a rack of teeth is set on the base,
3012 a semi-cylindrical step having a semi-cylindrical shape,
302 the cutting head is arranged on the cutter head,
3021 connecting the arm with the other end of the arm,
3022 a cutting blade for cutting the glass into small pieces,
4, a frame is arranged on the frame,
401 a horizontal support base is arranged on the horizontal support base,
402 a vertical support, the support being,
5 a press block supporting arm is arranged on the support,
6, pressing the mixture into a block,
7 the gear wheel is arranged on the front wheel,
the shape of the 8-disc cam is that,
9 a linear bearing is arranged on the bearing body,
10 a return spring for the return of the spring,
11 a tensile testing machine (11) for testing the tensile strength of the steel sheet,
12 of a sample to be measured,
α the front angle of the cutting is,
the gamma-cut back angle is set to be,
β corner angle.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below.
The embodiment of the invention provides a micro-shear test device, which comprises a base 1, wherein a sample fixing device 2 is arranged on the base 1, as shown in figure 2, the sample fixing device 2 comprises a sample support 201 arranged on the base 1, a front clamping block 202 is arranged at the front end of the sample support 201, and a rear clamping block 203 is arranged at the rear end of the sample support 201; the device also comprises a cutter 3, as shown in fig. 3, the cutter 3 comprises a handle 301 connected to the tensile testing machine 11, and a cutter head 302 arranged at the bottom of the handle 301. The base 1 is provided with a frame 4 positioned at the front end of the sample fixing device 2, the hollow part of the frame 4 is provided with two opposite press block supporting arms 5, a press block 6 capable of sliding up and down is arranged between the two press block supporting arms 5, as shown in figure 4, a gear 7 and two disc cams 8 are further arranged between the two press block supporting arms 5, the gear 7 and the two disc cams 8 are positioned above the press block 6, the two gears 8 are coaxially arranged at two ends of the gear 7 and rotate synchronously with the gear 7, and the periphery of the disc cams 8 is abutted against the press block 6. The top of the frame 4 is provided with a linear bearing 9 with an axial through hole, the knife handle 301 can pass through the axial through hole and the top of the frame 4 in a way of moving up and down, as shown in fig. 5, a rack 3011 meshed with the gear 7 is arranged on the side wall of the lower part of the knife handle 301.
The working principle of the micro-shear test device provided by the embodiment of the invention is as follows:
it should be noted that the disc cam 8 is a common component in the art, and the rotation center thereof is close to one side of the disc cam 8, that is, the diameters of the disc cam 8 in different directions are different, the periphery where the largest diameter is located is referred to as a large diameter end, the periphery where the smallest diameter is located is referred to as a small diameter end, and before the micro-shear test device is applied, the disc cam 8 is in the initial position, in which the small diameter end of the disc cam 8 abuts against the pressing block 6.
When a micro-shear test is performed, firstly, a sample 12 to be measured is loaded into the front clamping block 202 of the sample support 201, the position of the sample 12 to be measured is adjusted, the front end surface of the sample 12 to be measured exceeds the front end surface of the front clamping block 202, the exceeding part is a part to be sheared, meanwhile, the cutter head 302 is ensured to be just above the part to be sheared of the sample 12 to be measured, and then the rear end of the sample 12 to be measured is clamped through the rear clamping block 203, so that the sample 12 to be measured is prevented from shaking. Then, the knife handle 301 is vertically moved downwards under the guidance of the linear bearing 9 through the tensile testing machine 11, along with the downward movement of the knife handle 301, the rack 3011 on the side wall of the knife handle 301 is gradually meshed with the gear 7 above the pressing block 6, the gear 7 drives the disc cam 8 to rotate, the large-diameter end of the disc cam 8 gradually rotates to the lower side from the initial position (the large-diameter end of the disc cam 8 is on the upper side and the small-diameter end is on the lower side in the initial position), and the pressing block 6 is pushed to move downwards to press the sample 12 to be measured. After the sample 12 to be measured is pressed, the tool shank 301 continues to move downwards, the tool bit 302 cuts the part to be cut at the front end of the sample 12 to be measured, the data of the cutting process is collected through the load sensor and the displacement sensor of the tensile testing machine 11 until the sample 12 to be measured is cut off, and the local shearing strength value of the sample 12 to be measured can be obtained. After the sample 12 to be measured is cut, the tool shank 301 is pulled upwards, the rack 3011 on the tool shank 301 drives the gear 8 to rotate in the reverse direction, the large-diameter end of the cam 8 rotates to the initial position, the pressing block 6 is pushed upwards to leave the sample 12 to be measured, then the position of the sample 12 to be measured is adjusted again, the steps are repeated, and the next cutting test is carried out.
According to the micro-shear test device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the hollow frame 4 is arranged on the base 1, and the briquetting support arm 5 is arranged in the frame 4, so that the briquetting 6 can be adjusted up and down. Through setting up synchronous pivoted gear 7 and disc cam 8 above briquetting 6 to drive gear 7 and disc cam 8 through rack 3011 on handle of a knife 301, when handle of a knife 301 moves down, the major diameter end of disc cam 8 pushes briquetting 6 and compresses tightly the sample 12 of awaiting measuring under the drive of rack 3011 and gear 7, avoids awaiting measuring rocking of sample 12 and leads to measuring inaccurate. Meanwhile, the gear 7 and the rack 3011 are matched accurately, so that the pressing degree of the pressing block 6 on the sample 12 to be measured is convenient to control, and the measurement precision of the shear strength of the sample 12 to be measured is improved. In addition, the linear bearing 9 is arranged at the top of the frame 4, and the tool shank 301 moves up and down in the axial through hole of the linear bearing 9, so that the linear motion of the tool shank 301 is ensured, the situation that the tool shank 301 moves obliquely to cause the tool bit 302 to be incapable of vertically shearing the sample 12 to be measured is avoided, and the measurement precision of the shearing strength of the sample 12 to be measured is improved. Therefore, the micro-shear test device provided by the embodiment of the invention can keep the cutter head 302 vertically shearing the sample 12 to be measured, has accurate measurement and convenient use, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and application.
Specifically, in order to stabilize the position of the sample 12 to be measured so that the tool bit 302 shears the sample 12 to be measured, the sample fixing device 2 is provided on the base 1. As shown in fig. 2, the sample fixing device 2 includes a sample holder 201 disposed on the top surface of the base 1, and the sample holder 201 is provided with a front clamping block 202 at the front end and a rear clamping block 203 at the rear end. The front clamping block 202 is adapted to the dimensions of the test piece 12 to be measured and is used to hold the front end of the test piece 12 to be measured. The top surface of the front clamping block 202 is provided with a clamping groove for accommodating a sample 12 to be measured, the front end of the front clamping block 202 is an inclined surface, namely the cross section of the front clamping block 202 is gradually reduced from top to bottom so as to be matched with the pressing block 6 of which the front end is also an inclined surface, and the sample 12 to be measured is firmly clamped. The rear clamping block 203 is made of square steel, a clamping hole for allowing the sample 12 to be measured to pass through is formed in the square steel along the transverse direction (namely the front-rear direction), a butterfly bolt 204 is connected to the top of the square steel in a threaded manner, and the bottom of the butterfly bolt 204 is used for abutting against the sample 12 to be measured. When the sample 12 to be measured is clamped, the butterfly bolt 204 is loosened, the rear end of the sample 12 to be measured extends into the clamping hole and is adjusted to a proper position, and then the butterfly bolt 204 is screwed tightly, so that the bottom of the butterfly bolt 204 is abutted against the sample 12 to be measured, and the rear end of the sample 12 to be measured is fixed. Through the clamping of the clamping block 202 and the further fixing of the rear clamping block 203, the sample 12 to be measured is kept fixed when being sheared, and the phenomenon that the rear end of the sample 12 to be measured is tilted to cause the measuring result to be influenced is avoided.
As shown in fig. 6, in order to facilitate the adjustment of the position of the sample 12 to be measured, a rotatable lead screw 205 is transversely arranged in the sample holder 201, the rear end of the lead screw 205 is located outside the sample holder 201, a transverse guide rail (transverse direction, i.e. front-back direction) is arranged on the sample holder 201, the lower part of the rear clamping block 203 is located in the transverse guide rail and is in threaded connection with the lead screw 205, the rear clamping block 203 is moved back and forth by rotating the lead screw 205, so as to facilitate the adjustment of the shearing position of the sample 12 to be measured relative to the tool bit 302, thereby realizing precise local shearing and improving the accuracy of. The rear end of the screw 205, which is located outside the sample support 201, is connected with the scale wheel, the speed reducer, the motor and the like, the rotation of the screw 205 can be automatically controlled through the motor, the rotation speed of the screw 205 can be adjusted through the scale wheel, the speed reducer and the like, the rotation distance is adjusted, the accurate adjustment of the position of the sample 12 to be measured is convenient, after the front end of the sample 12 to be measured is sheared once, the automatic feeding of the sample 12 to be measured can be realized through the setting of the scale wheel, the speed reducer, the motor and the like, and the shearing process of the sample is simpler and faster.
According to the micro-shear test device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the base 1 is also provided with the frame 4, and the frame 4 comprises a horizontal support 401 and vertical supports 402 vertically arranged below two ends of the horizontal support 401. The horizontal support 401 and the vertical support 402 have a certain width so as to facilitate the arrangement of other components on the horizontal support 401 and the vertical support 402, and to form the whole frame 4 into a door shape so as to facilitate the arrangement of the pressing block 6 and the like in the hollow portion of the frame 4. The lower portion of the vertical support 402 is provided with outwardly extending engaging lugs to facilitate the fixed connection of the vertical support 402 to the base 1 by means of connecting bolts, maintaining the stability of the frame 4. A through hole is provided in the middle of the horizontal support 402 to allow the shank 301 to pass longitudinally therethrough and the tool head 302 to reach a shearing position of the sample 12 to be measured. When the operating personnel is located the place ahead of frame 4, can observe the shearing condition of tool bit 302 to the sample 12 of awaiting measuring through the hollow part of frame 4, simultaneously, also be provided with on the lateral wall of vertical support 402 and observe the through-hole, the operating personnel of being convenient for carries out multi-angle observation to the shearing condition of the sample 12 of awaiting measuring in the side of frame 4 through observing the through-hole. In addition, a camera can be installed in the observation through hole to observe and record the condition that the tool bit 302 cuts the sample 12 to be measured more carefully, so that an operator can directly observe the cutting condition on a computer conveniently, and adjust the feeding position of the tool bit 302 or the sample 12 to be measured at any time, so that the cutting process of the sample 12 to be measured is more accurate.
Two opposite pressing block supporting arms 5 are arranged in the hollow part of the frame 4, as shown in the attached drawing 4, the pressing block 6 is just above the front end of the sample 12 to be measured, the sample 12 to be measured is convenient to press, the sample 12 to be measured is further prevented from shaking when being sheared, and the accuracy of shear strength measurement is ensured. Specifically, the opposite side walls of the two pressing block supporting arms 5 are respectively provided with a longitudinal concave slideway, and the left end and the right end of the pressing block 6 are respectively provided with a bulge matched with the slideways, so that the bulges of the pressing block 6 respectively enter the left slideway and the right slideway, and the pressing block 6 can slide up and down between the pressing block supporting arms 5, so that the pressing block 6 can conveniently adjust the pressing state and the releasing state of the sample 12 to be measured.
Another important point for measuring the shear strength after the position of the sample 12 to be measured is the structure of the tool 3. The cutter 3 includes a shank 301 connected to the tensile tester 11, and a cutter head 302 provided at the bottom of the shank 301. Handle of a knife 301 is the cylinder, as shown in fig. 3, the top of handle of a knife 301 is provided with flange, flange and the 11 flange joint of tensile test machine, and flange joint makes handle of a knife 301 and the combination of tensile test machine 11 more firm, has improved the stability of handle of a knife 301, avoids appearing the skew phenomenon behind handle of a knife 301 the resistance that receives the volume of awaiting measuring sample 12. As shown in fig. 5, a section of semi-cylindrical step 3012 extends from the bottom of tool shank 301, tool bit 302 is disposed at the lower portion of semi-cylindrical step 3012, and rack 3011 is disposed on the planar side wall of semi-cylindrical step 3012. When the tool shank 301 moves downwards, the space on the tool shank 301 without the semi-cylindrical step 3012 is just used for accommodating the press block supporting arm 5, the press block 6, the gear 7 and the disc cam 8, so that the whole micro-shear test device is more compact and reasonable in structure.
As shown in fig. 7, during a shear test, the rack 3011 at the lower part of the knife handle 301 is matched with the gear 7 above the pressing block 6, and the rack 3011 drives the gear 7 to rotate along with the downward movement of the knife handle 301. The disc cam 8 and the gear 7 are fixed together by a key on the gear shaft and thus rotate together with the gear 7. In the initial position, the large-diameter end of the disc cam 8 is at the top and the small-diameter end is at the bottom (after the disc cam 8 rotates 90 ° counterclockwise as shown in fig. 7, the large-diameter end of the disc cam 8 is at the left and the small-diameter end is at the right), and the diameter of the small-diameter end of the disc cam 8 is the same as that of the gear 7, so that the gear 7 drives the disc cam 8 to rotate. With the rotation of the gear 7, the large-diameter end of the disc cam 8 gradually rotates downwards, and compared with the initial position, the disc cam 8 pushes the pressing block 6 to move downwards for a certain distance, so that the pressing block 6 just presses the sample 12 to be measured, and the cutting head 302 is convenient to cut the sample 12 to be measured. The length of the rack 3011 is 1/3-1/2 of the circumference of the gear 7, so that when the uppermost end of the rack 3011 is meshed with the gear 7, the disk cam 8 pushes the pressing block 6 to the lowest part of the pressing block supporting arm 5, and meanwhile, the cutter head 302 below the cutter handle 301 can complete shearing of the sample 12 to be measured. The gear 7 is matched with the rack 3011 accurately, so that the adjustment is convenient, the cutter handle 301 can be ensured to drive the cutter head 302 to cut the sample 12 to be measured along the vertical direction, and the measurement precision of the shearing strength is improved.
The connecting flange at the top of the knife handle 301 is connected with the tensile testing machine 11 through 4M 5X20 socket head cap screws, the tensile testing machine 11 can be an FR-103C computer type private electrical universal material tensile testing machine 11, the testing load is lower than 10kN, the movement of the knife handle 301 is driven through the tensile testing machine 11, and the shearing of the knife head 302 on a sample 12 to be measured is realized, the vertical movement of the knife handle 301 is realized through the linear bearing 9, the knife handle 301 penetrates through an axial through hole of the linear bearing 9 and a through hole on the horizontal support 401, so that the knife head 302 reaches the upper part of the sample 12 to be measured and is sheared, the axial through hole of the linear bearing 9 limits the radial movement of the knife handle 301, the knife handle 301 can only move up and down in the vertical direction, the deviation of the knife handle 301 to the shearing direction of the knife head 302 on the sample 12 to be measured caused by the deviation of the knife handle 301 is avoided, the accurate measurement of the shearing strength value is ensured, the linear bearing 9 is connected with the frame 4 through the connecting flange at the bottom thereof, the connecting flange is firmly connected, the linear bearing 9 can effectively avoid the shaking of the linear bearing 9, the linear bearing L MFP20 flange can also be selected, the effective limiting length is 42mm, the limiting device can also can.
Because the pressing block 6 is pushed to the lowest part of the pressing block supporting arm 5 by the disc cam 8 and needs to be pushed by external force to lift the pressing block 6, in order to enable the lifting process of the pressing block 6 to be easier and more convenient, the micro-shear test mechanism further comprises a return spring 10, the upper end of the return spring 10 is abutted against the periphery of the disc cam 8, and the lower end of the return spring 10 is connected with the pressing block 6. The disc cam 8 and the pressing block 6 are connected through the return spring 10, when the large-diameter end of the disc cam 8 pushes the pressing block 6 downwards, the return spring 10 accumulates elastic potential energy, and when the large-diameter end of the disc cam 8 is driven by the gear 7 to gradually rotate back to the initial position, the elastic potential energy of the spring is released and drives the pressing block 6 to move upwards, so that the pressing block 6 is automatically separated from the sample 12 to be measured, and the sample 12 to be measured is convenient to detach and adjust the position.
As shown in fig. 8, the tool bit 302 includes a connecting arm 3021 and a blade 3022 disposed at the bottom of the connecting arm 3021, and the connecting arm 3021 is detachably connected to the lower portion of the semi-cylindrical step 3012 of the tool holder 301 by a fixing screw to facilitate replacement of the tool bit 302. Specifically, two mounting holes are formed in the side wall of the connecting arm 3021, and correspondingly, two mounting holes (shown in dotted line in fig. 8) are formed in the lower portion of the semi-cylindrical step 3012, so that the tool bit 302 can be detachably connected to the tool shank 301 by screwing two screws into the mounting holes of the connecting arm 3021 and the semi-cylindrical step 3012. The tool bit 302 is firmly connected with the tool holder 301, and the tool bit 302 with a smaller size has higher rigidity and is not easy to bend due to the resistance of the sample 12 to be measured, so that the measurement accuracy of the shear strength of the sample 12 to be measured is further ensured.
To ensure the rigidity of the blade 3022, the blade 3022 has a certain thickness, the included angle between the tip of the blade 3022 and the horizontal direction is a shear front angle α, the included angle between the tip of the blade 3022 and the vertical direction is a shear back angle γ, and both the shear front angle α and the shear back angle γ are 3 ° -4 °. the shear front angle α has a magnitude that affects the shear load, the additional bending moment to which the sample is subjected, the size of the plastic deformation strengthening region of the sample under shear, the radial shear of the blade 3022 is unique, and the rigidity and strength of the blade 3022, and for the shearing of a typical welded joint, the angle of the shear front angle α is preferably 3.5 °. the shear back angle γ has a magnitude that affects the rigidity and strength of the blade 3022, and the frictional force between the blade 3022 and the shear surface of the sample, the blade 3022 and the end surface of the sample chuck, and the angle of the shear back angle γ is preferably 3.5 °. the rigidity and strength of the blade 3022 are mainly determined by the tip angle β, and correspondingly, the angle β is preferably 83 ° by defining the shape of the blade.
In order to facilitate shearing of the sample 12 to be measured, the shape of the front end of the pressing block 6 is matched with the shape of the blade 3022, as shown in fig. 3, the front end surface of the pressing block 6 is an inclined surface, and the angle of the inclined surface is 78-83 degrees. When the pressing block 6 presses the sample 12 to be measured, the lowest end of the front end face of the pressing block just abuts against the tool tip of the blade 3022, so that the blade 3022 is prevented from being interfered by the pressing block 6, and the blade 3022 can conveniently and accurately shear the sample 12 to be measured.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, as any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A micro-shear test device comprises a base (1), wherein a sample fixing device (2) is arranged on the base (1), the sample fixing device (2) comprises a sample support (201) arranged on the base (1), a front clamping block (202) is arranged at the front end of the sample support (201), and a rear clamping block (203) is arranged at the rear end of the sample support (201); the device also comprises a cutter (3), wherein the cutter (3) comprises a cutter handle (301) connected to the tensile testing machine (11) and a cutter head (302) arranged at the bottom of the cutter handle (301), and is characterized in that,
the tool handle (301) is cylindrical, a connecting flange is arranged at the top of the tool handle (301), and the connecting flange is connected with the tensile testing machine (11) through a flange;
a section of semi-cylindrical step (3012) extends from the bottom of the knife handle (301), the knife head (302) is arranged at the lower part of the semi-cylindrical step (3012), and the rack (3011) is arranged on the planar side wall of the semi-cylindrical step (3012);
the cutter head (302) comprises a connecting arm (3021) and a blade (3022) arranged at the bottom of the connecting arm (3021), and the connecting arm (3021) is detachably connected with the lower part of the semi-cylindrical step (3012) through a fixing screw;
a frame (4) positioned at the front end of the sample fixing device (2) is arranged on the base (1), and two opposite pressing block supporting arms (5) are arranged in the hollow part of the frame (4);
a pressing block (6) capable of sliding up and down is arranged between the two pressing block supporting arms (5);
a gear (7) and two disc cams (8) which are positioned above the pressing block (6) are also arranged between the two pressing block supporting arms (5), and the two disc cams (8) are coaxially arranged at two ends of the gear (7) and synchronously rotate with the gear (7); the periphery of the disc cam (8) is abutted against the pressing block (6);
the top of the frame (4) is provided with a linear bearing (9) with an axial through hole, the knife handle (301) can penetrate through the axial through hole and the top of the frame (4) in a vertically moving mode, and a rack (3011) meshed with the gear (7) is arranged on the side wall of the lower portion of the knife handle (301).
2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rear clamping block (203) is a square steel, inside which clamping holes are arranged in the transverse direction for passing through the test piece (12) to be measured;
the top of the square steel is in threaded connection with a butterfly bolt (204), and the bottom of the butterfly bolt (204) is used for abutting against the test sample (12) to be measured;
the top surface of the front clamping block (202) is provided with a clamping groove for accommodating the sample (12) to be measured.
3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that a rotatable lead screw (205) is transversely arranged in the sample holder (201), and the rear end of the lead screw (205) is located outside the sample holder (201);
a transverse guide rail is arranged on the sample support (201), and the lower part of the rear clamping block (203) is positioned in the transverse guide rail and is in threaded connection with the screw rod (205);
the rear clamping block (203) is moved back and forth by rotating the lead screw (205).
4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that said frame (4) comprises a horizontal support (401) and a vertical support (402) vertically arranged below the two ends of said horizontal support (401), said vertical support (402) being provided with a viewing through hole in its lateral wall.
5. The device according to claim 1, wherein the angle between the tip of the blade (3022) and the horizontal direction is a shear rake angle and the angle between the tip and the vertical direction is a shear relief angle;
the shear front angle and the shear rear angle are both 3-4 degrees.
6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a return spring (10), the upper end of said return spring (10) being in abutment against the periphery of said disc cam (8), the lower end of said return spring (10) being connected to said pressure piece (6).
7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the front end face of the pressure piece (6) is a bevel, the angle of which is 78-83 °.
8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the length of the rack (3011) is 1/3-1/2 of the circumference of the gear wheel (7).
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| CN201710079292.6A CN108426783B (en) | 2017-02-14 | 2017-02-14 | Micro-shear test device |
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