JPS6132191B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the structure of a bus body, particularly to the structure near passenger doors that are assembled at the front, back, or center of the sides of the bus body.

Conventional technology In the past, to complete a bus body, a stressed outer skin structure or a stress inner skin structure, that is, a structure called a monocot structure, was frequently used. In the longitudinal direction (front-rear direction), a large number of longitudinal members are combined to form a car body frame, and outer and inner plates that contribute to the strength of the car body are firmly attached to the outer shell to form an integrated outer shell. The conventional method has been to create a vehicle body structure that is lightweight and has a strong restoring force against deformation caused by external forces. However, while this monocottle structure has the above advantages, it also has the following disadvantages. That is, since the frame and the outer panel are firmly connected by a large number of rivets or spot welds, traces thereof, ie, a large number of rivet heads and weld marks, remain on the outside of the vehicle body, making the appearance unsightly.

On the other hand, there is a truss structure (also called a skeleton structure) as a vehicle body structure that does not leave any traces. In this structure, the car body structure is truss-coupled with multiple pillar-shaped auxiliary members and diagonal pillars to firmly complete the car body frame, and unlike the former, the outer or inner plates are not used as strength materials at all. It is simply an exterior decorative material, etc. that can be easily attached to the surrounding area or at any desired location using a small number of rivets, welding, etc. Moreover, since the few mounting locations are covered with exterior decorative material, such as molding material, etc., the outer panel It has the advantage that the attachment point is not exposed to the outside at all and the vehicle body, especially the sides, can be beautifully finished.

In addition, this truss structure vehicle body includes a structure in which a plate material is used instead of the diagonal column material, a member having a required diagonal column portion is press-formed, and this is joined to the columnar auxiliary material. These are also known. However, in the case of these truss structures, the following various inconveniences occur in the structure near the passenger entrance/exit of the bus body, that is, the passenger entrance/exit door.

In other words, the bus body has the boarding entrance located in front of the front wheels on the left side, and the exit exit located behind the rear wheels (see Figure 1), or the front and back arrangement is reversed so that passengers can exit the bus at the front. It is customary to have structural equipment such as having a boarding entrance at the rear, or depending on the model, a boarding or disembarking port in the center. In front of or behind these passenger entrances and exits, a display window 15 is completed by cutting out the outer panel as shown in Figure 2, and there is a destination display incorporating a direction curtain and a boarding entrance according to the type of local route used. , exit gates, etc. must be displayed, and since this display alone is insufficient for passenger recognition, a speaker of some kind is installed in conjunction with the above display to convey calls from the driver's microphone to passengers outside the vehicle. It has become an absolutely necessary structural requirement to incorporate so-called external passenger guidance devices such as the above.

However, in the case of a truss structured car body, the external passenger guide device interferes with the truss members constituting the car body, particularly the diagonal column 9 (including the diagonal column made of the plate material described above), and the external passenger guide There is a problem that it is difficult to incorporate the device. Moreover,
When changing the size and length of the car body, the width, height, position of the passenger door, etc. for each car body depending on the number of seats and other user requests, diagonal pillars that interfere with the above-mentioned external passenger guidance device The position and dimensions of the timber and the pillars erected in front and behind it will change, but since these parts are the strength members of the car body, there will be changes in design, manufacturing jigs or tools, etc. This will require a great deal of effort and expense.

Purpose of the Invention In view of the above, the present invention basically adopts a truss structure as the side structure of the bus body, and also adopts a monocot structure (stressed outer skin structure or stressed inner skin structure) in a part of the bus body. The purpose is to improve the appearance and facilitate the installation of an external passenger guide device.

Composition of the Invention In the side structure of the bus body of the present invention, cross members extending in the horizontal direction are provided on the front and rear columns of the side portion of the bus body having a truss structure adjacent to the door for passenger boarding and alighting. A monocot structure is formed by joining an outer plate or an inner plate to the front and rear columns and cross members, and a diagonal column member constituting a truss structure is connected to the front or rear column.

In other words, in the area adjacent to the passenger entrance/exit door, the outer plate or inner plate contributes to the strength of the car body by resisting bending and twisting acting on the car body as a stressed outer skin or stressed inner skin, and The required strength of the entire vehicle body is ensured by transmitting force between the monocot structure and the truss structure. Furthermore, although the crossbar takes care of axial force (force in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body), bending and torsion hardly act on it.
Its height, length, and number can be easily changed.

Effects of the Invention Regardless of whether the passenger entrance/exit door is located at the front, rear, or central part of the side of the vehicle body, the vehicle body is located adjacent to the passenger entrance/exit door even though the basic structure of the vehicle body is a truss structure. The monocot structure can be incorporated without losing strength, and since the cross members of the monocot structure are horizontal, it is extremely easy to incorporate the external passenger guide device without interfering with the frame of the vehicle body.

Basically, the above-mentioned cross members only need to be able to handle the axial force, and even if the dimensions of the car body, the dimensions or the position of the passenger guidance device outside the vehicle change, changes in the height, length, number, etc. of the cross members, i.e. , design changes can be made quickly, and the jig for manufacturing the vehicle body can be easily changed in response to the change, making it easy to manufacture the bus body.

In addition, only the part adjacent to the passenger door has a monocot structure, and the rivets or spot welding marks can be arranged linearly in the front and back, and up and down, so that there is no problem between the monocot structure and the truss structure. This makes it easy to cover the rivets and the like with moldings or other means to prevent a sense of discontinuity or discomfort and to improve the overall aesthetic appearance of the vehicle body.

Embodiments Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a bus body, and doors 4, 4' for getting on and off passengers are provided at the front 2 and rear 3 of the side of the vehicle body, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
This bus body 1 basically has a truss structure, and has a rear side adjacent to a front passenger boarding door 4, and
Two locations adjacent to and in front of the rear passenger door 4' have a monocot structure. The front door 4 for passengers to get on and off the vehicle is opened and closed by bending around a hinge 5 and a folding shaft 6, and the rear door 4' for getting on and off passengers is also provided with the same opening/closing mechanism as the front door.

Now, as shown in Fig. 3, in the front monocot structure adjacent to the front passenger door 4, the upright front pillar 7 and rear pillar 8 are spaced longitudinally so as to sandwich the tire house of the front wheel. A cross member 11 is arranged horizontally in the front and rear direction with respect to the front pillar 7 and the rear pillar 8.
The front and rear ends of the vehicle body are joined together to form a skeleton, and to this framework, an outer panel 12 is joined as a stress skin that resists bending and torsion acting on the vehicle body and contributes to the strength of the vehicle body.

In this case, the cross member 11 is formed by bending a thin plate and serves as a stringer of a monocot structure. In addition, the above-mentioned outer panel 12 is
At the same time, the periphery is joined to the respective mounting flanges of the front pillar 7 and the rear pillar 8, the skirt outer panel 13, and the lower window outer panel 14 by riveting. The front end of a diagonal pillar 9 made of a pipe, square timber, etc. that constitutes the truss structure is connected to the rear pillar 8 from behind, and the rear end is connected to a pillar 10 that also forms a part of the truss structure. combined.

A display window 15 is cut out in the outer panel 12 of the monocot structure at a position above the crossing material 11, and a speaker 16 for the driver is installed at a position behind the display window 15. Display window 1
5 is fitted with transparent glass and incorporates a destination display, exit, entrance, etc. display character device inside, and together with the driver's speaker 16, it is possible to accurately guide the passengers outside the vehicle who gather around the passenger boarding and alighting door 4. be done as possible.

In addition, in the side portion of the vehicle body, as shown in FIG.
0 and 10' to contribute to the strength of the vehicle body, and the rearmost diagonal column member 9
is connected to the front pillar 7' at the rear monocot structure as shown in FIG. This rear monokotsu structure also includes front pillar 7', rear pillar 8', and crosspiece 1.
An outer plate 12' as a stress-stressed outer skin is joined to the outer plate 1', and a display window 15' for displaying exits, entrances, etc. is formed in this outer plate 12'.

Therefore, in the case of the above embodiment, in the truss structure part, the diagonal pillars 9 and the pillars 10, 10' contribute to the strength of the vehicle body, and in the monokotsu structure part, the cross members 11,
11' receives the load in the longitudinal direction, and the outer plate 12,
12' contributes to the strength of the car body by resisting bending and twisting, and the load is transmitted between the truss structure and the monocot structure via the front columns 7, 7' and the rear columns 8, 8', and the entire car body is strength is ensured.

In this way, the monokotsu structure is incorporated into the side of the vehicle body adjacent to the passenger entrance/exit doors 4, 4', so there is no problem of interference with the diagonal pillars 9 that would occur if the entire side of the vehicle body had a truss structure. A guidance system for passengers outside the vehicle can be incorporated. Also, Watari 11,1
1' is different from the diagonal columns of the truss structure, and the height, size, and number of columns must be changed in design to avoid interference with the above-mentioned guide device, depending on the position of the passenger door and the size of the vehicle body. Since this is simple, manufacturing of the bus body becomes easy.

Moreover, since the monocottle structure is provided only in the part of the bus body adjacent to the passenger door, the rivets and weld marks for joining the outer panels 12, 12' may be straight. By covering it with a molding or the like, it is easy to prevent the external appearance of the vehicle from being damaged.

In the above embodiment, a hinge-based opening/closing mechanism was used for the passenger boarding/exiting door, but a sliding door type opening/closing mechanism may also be used.

In addition, in the above embodiment, a stressed outer skin structure was adopted in which the outer plate was bonded to the frame as a strength member in the monocot structure, but a stressed inner skin structure was adopted in which the inner plate was bonded to the frame as a strength member, and the outer side was connected to the truss structure. Similarly, it may be covered with a so-called decorative outer panel.

Furthermore, although the above embodiment is an example in which doors for passenger boarding and alighting are provided at the front and rear of the bus body, the present invention can be applied even when the door for passenger boarding and alighting is provided at either the front or the rear, or at the center in the front-rear direction. It can be applied in accordance with the above embodiment.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a side view of a type of bus body in which the present invention is implemented, Fig. 2 is a side view of the front of the car body showing a case where a display window is provided in a conventional truss structure car body, and Fig. 3 is an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a side view of the front part of the vehicle body showing an example, and FIG. 4 is a side view of the rear part of the vehicle body. 1...Bus body, 2...Front, 3...Rear,
4, 4'... Passenger boarding door, 7, 7'... Front pillar,
8, 8'...rear pillar, 9, 9'...diagonal pillar material, 10,
10'...Pillar material, 11,11'...Watari material, 12,1
2'... Outer panel, 15, 15'... Display window, 16...
speaker.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. On the side of the bus body, which has a truss structure, horizontally extending crossbars are connected to the front and rear pillars adjacent to the passenger door, and the front pillars, rear pillars, and crossbars are connected to On the other hand, a side structure of a bus body characterized in that the outer plate or the inner plate is joined to form a monocot structure, and a diagonal column member constituting the truss structure is connected to the front column or the rear column. .