JPS61296157A - Production of artificial leather - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a method for producing modern artificial leather.

[Conventional technology]

The present inventors have already created a weave structure in which a normal denier fiber is used for the ground texture (warp yarn) and a large number of weft yarns appear on the surface, and a composite m fiber is used for the weft yarn to make this composite fiber extremely fine. As a result, a suede-like material with ultrafine fiber naps on the surface was provided. In addition, after forming a needle-punched nonwoven fabric using composite fibers, it undergoes many complex processes such as shrinkage treatment, shape fixation (WJI) treatment, resin impregnation, coagulation treatment, solvent removal and desizing treatment, slicing, puffing, and resin coating. We have clarified how to manufacture artificial leather by passing it through a processing process.

These suede-like artificial leathers have been highly praised for their surface soft touch, chalk mark resistance, and motility, and have attracted the attention of the fashion world as new suede-like materials.
It is largely neglected. Taking this opportunity, Synthetic Fibers and Textiles 1 began competing with each other to process the products, but depending on the intended use, they required rough improvements in terms of durability, as well as high-value-added products that added functionality, luxury, etc. Development is desired.

Moreover, conventional known manufacturing methods involve many processing steps and require complex process control for each step, resulting in lower processing yields.]
It has been pointed out that they are at a considerable disadvantage in terms of strikes and that improvements are needed.

How to use Ordinary denier woven and knitted fabrics (The web of this composite fiber is cleaned, and an adhesive layer is created between the woven and knitted fabric and the web (pull, entangled with a needle, or entangled with a turret punch. Attempts have been made to develop new structures, and some have been commercialized and put on the market.

However, these have poor texture between the woven and knitted fabric and the web, and are easy to peel or peel off at the adhesive layer.At the same time, because of the adhesive layer, they have a hard texture and are difficult to maintain. Significant improvements are also expected in the future.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

The present invention has been achieved as a result of intensive studies aimed at solving the above-mentioned problems, improvements desired, and difficulties.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing artificial leather that is advantageous in terms of yield and speed by maximally simplifying a large number of steps that require complicated process control.

[Failure to solve the problem]

The gist of the present invention is as follows. That is, (1) a composite lIi string made of two or more polymers, at least one of which is a water-soluble polymer, is used on a portion of the fabric that forms at least one surface of the fabric, and after the fabric is formed, it is treated with 1 - A method for producing artificial leather, which comprises punching.

(2) Composite fibers made of two or more polymers, at least one of which is a water-soluble polymer, are used in a portion forming at least one surface of the fabric, and after the fabric is formed, it is impregnated with a warm-coagulable polymer elastic body. This is a method for producing artificial leather, which is characterized in that it is then subjected to a water jet punching treatment.

Further, the present invention will be explained in detail.

The water-soluble polymer referred to in the present invention is a polymer that can be melt-spun and may be any polymer that can be easily dissolved in water or hot water. For example, polyvinyl alcohol (PV
A) type polymers, water-soluble polyamides (e.g., polyetheramide-based polymers, polyetheresteramide-based polymers), water-soluble polyesters (e.g., copolymerized polyester-based polymers of 5-sulfoisophthalic acid and lithium salts), etc. Any known water-soluble polymer is preferably selected depending on the purpose.

In the present invention, this water-soluble polymer is used as at least one component, and is used as a composite fiber consisting of two or more polymer components.

This composite fiber is subjected to a Wonitajietsu l-punching process as described below, and by removing the water-soluble polymer, the remaining water-insoluble components become ultra-fine fibers.
Anything is acceptable, such as seabird type composite fiber, hollow ring type composite fiber, mixed spun composite mlff, split type composite fiber,
Composite fibers such as multifilamentary composite fibers, composite fibers M having grain-like, mosaic, radial, or 4-noid by-side fiber cross sections are preferably used as appropriate depending on the purpose.

In the present invention, it is necessary to use a water-soluble polymer as at least one component of the composite fiber consisting of two or more polymer components, but the main component is melt-spun to form a composite 1ji navy blue and then added.
[C'] Polymers that can form ultrafine fibers, in other words, polymeric substances that exhibit fiber-forming ability, are preferred. For example, polyamides such as nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 12, copolymerized bouylon, polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, copolymerized polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate 1~, copolymerized polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene, Polyolefins such as polypropylene, polyurethane, polyacrylonitrile, vinyl polymers, and the like are suitably and preferably used depending on the purpose.

Next, these composite fibers are used in a portion forming at least one surface of the fabric to form a fabric, and the fabric in the present invention includes woven fabric, knitted fabric, nonwoven fabric, woven fabric and woven fabric, woven fabric and knitted fabric, knitted fabric and knitted fabric, Laminated fabrics that are a combination of woven fabrics and non-woven fabrics, knitted fabrics and non-woven fabrics, etc., as well as non-German fabrics that are a combination of each, such as sandwich fabrics that have woven fabrics or knitted fabrics inserted between non-woven fabrics, and non-woven fabrics that are inserted between woven fabrics or knitted fabrics. Any type of fabric in which a surface is formed of a composite fiber containing a water-soluble polymer in at least one surface can be preferably used, such as a sandwich form in which a so-called sandwich structure is inserted. Particularly preferred is a fabric whose surface is non-woven.

The non-woven material may be shaped like a lump, but since unevenness may occur during handling, it is preferable to use one that has been needle-punched.

In the present invention, a fabric is formed by using the composite fibers in at least the portion forming the b1 surface of the fabric, and then subjected to water jet punching.

In the present invention, a punch is a nozzle with a small hole diameter or a slit with a narrow gap that pressurizes a liquid.
A high-speed columnar flow or curtain-like flow is created from ~6=j ripples, and the surface of the fabric is treated with this high-speed pressurized liquid flow.

A typical liquid is water, which may be heated or heated water, and an auxiliary agent that promotes dissolution and removal of the water-soluble polymer contained in the composite 1itiIff, such as an organic solvent or a surfactant ↑1 agent. , an aqueous solution containing an acid, an alkali, etc. is preferably used depending on the purpose.

The pressure applied to the liquid varies depending on the surface condition of the fabric to be treated, that is, the desired surface condition, but is 5 to 300 k.
The range of CJ/cnf can be freely selected, and the preferred range is 30 to 200 kq/cnf, and the particularly preferred range is 50 to 150 kCJ/cnf.

Below 5 ki/cIlf, the entangling effect of composite fibers;
The ultra-fine effect is small and favorable results cannot be obtained. Also 3
If it exceeds 00 kq/cnf, special equipment for pressure resistance will be required, and the fibers on the surface of the fabric may be cut or the fabric may be torn, which is undesirable.

[Water Jitsu] Punching treatment can be performed only once, but in order to completely remove the water-soluble polymer in the composite fibers, punching treatment is performed multiple times.
It is preferable to process from the front or back side. In this case, it is preferable to change the pressure for each treatment, change the specs of the nozzle and slit, or vibrate or swing the nozzle and slit from side to side and back and forth as appropriate depending on the purpose.

Furthermore, depending on the purpose, it may be preferable not to completely remove the water-soluble ↑-1 polymer in the composite fibers, but to allow a portion of the polymer to remain as a binding agent between fibers, that is, as a binder.

The present invention is characterized in that by performing such a water jet punching process, the composite fibers in the fabric are ultra-fine, the fibers forming the fabric are entangled, and the fabric is shrunk. There is.

In other words, the ultra-fine treatment is to dissolve or decompose and remove the water-soluble polymer in the composite fibers forming at least one surface of the fabric using a high-speed pressurized liquid flow using a Waterjet 1-punch to form ultra-fine fibers. The entangling process involves randomly entangling the fibers forming the fabric using a high-speed pressurized liquid flow to create a dense intertwined state of fibers. In addition, shrinkage treatment means that fibers are randomly entangled due to high-speed pressurized liquid flow treatment, so the fiber N density of the fabric increases, and as a result, the fabric shrinks in the area and thickness direction. By using hot water in the solution 9, the fabric can be shrunk while avoiding shrinkage of the 111i cloth itself.

In the prior art, processing was carried out using separate equipment for each process and performing complicated process management for each process.

By using the manufacturing method of the present invention, this process can be simplified to one step, and furthermore, it does not require complicated conditions, so it can be easily processed.

In other words, processing is possible by controlling the temperature of the liquid in the Waterjet i-Punch, the selection of the liquid (type of aqueous solution), the pressure, and the number of processing times according to the processing purpose.

Roughly speaking, in the present invention, if a fabric is impregnated with a wet-coagulable elastomer before water-jet punching, and then the water-jet punch is immediately performed, the elastomer-polymer can be coagulated at the same time. It is. Needless to say, at this time, the ultrafine treatment, the entangling treatment, and the shrinkage treatment are performed at the same time.

In the present invention, the M type coagulable polymer elastomer may be in the form of a solution containing a liquid that is compatible with water, a dispersion such as an emulsion, latex, or dispersion. Examples of the material include polyurethane, di-lylbutadiene rubber, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polyamide, and natural rubber, but polyurethane is particularly preferred.

The fabric processed by the above-mentioned means is subjected to the treatments already known in conventional woven or knitted fabrics, non-woven fabrics, etc., that is, setting, dyeing, finishing setting, and finishing.

The fabric described in the present invention can be used in a wide range of applications such as clothing, furniture, interior decoration such as building decoration, and industrial materials.

〔Example〕

Next, examples according to the present invention will be shown, but these are intended to make the present invention more clear, and the present invention is not limited or restricted thereby.

Example 1 The composite fiber is a sea-island type composite fiber, the island component is polyethylene terephthalate, and the sea component is an equimolar salt of α, ω-diaminopolyoxyethylene and adipic acid: 55 parts by weight, ε
- Caprolactam: 30 parts by weight and equimolar salt of 1-methylene diamine and adipic acid: 15 parts by weight to 25 parts by weight;
A copolymerized polyamide of polyether amide obtained by melt polymerization at 0'C for 150 minutes was used to produce composite fibers having the following content.

Number of islands: 16 Main island component ratio: 80% Sea component ratio: 20% Denier: 2.8d 'IIA fiber length: 1 to 51 mm Number of crimps
121i/lr1 This sea-island type composite fiber cotton was used to form a web by the cross-lapper method, and the 111,500 pieces/cnf needle punched J:ri 111 weight 1245c+/Tr1
2. An entangled nonwoven fabric with an apparent density of 0.13Q/a-# was obtained.

Next, this non-woven waterjet 1 was punched. The conditions for this treatment are hot water controlled at 90°C and a pressure of 30 kq/- [Pidge 1.5
The spray was sprayed from a nozzle in which small holes with a diameter of 0.2 mm and diameter of 0.2 mm were arranged in a row, and both surfaces were brought into contact with each other twice at a speed of 0.8 m/min.

Then the pressure was increased to 80kq/cIl! The sample was placed on its back and treated three times on each side at a speed of 1.3 m/min. Finally, in order to eliminate punch lines, a total of 12 passes were carried out, once on each side, at a pressure of 80 kCJ/at a speed of 0°3 m/min.

As a result, it was possible to perform ultra-fine treatment, fiber entanglement treatment, and shrinkage treatment at the same time to remove sea components.

The treated nonwoven fabric was subjected to two-stage drying at 140°C and 180'C and heat cera treatment. This nonwoven fabric was a suede-like artificial leather whose surface was covered with fine napped fibers that were densely intertwined with each other. The weight of this nonwoven fabric was 258 Q 7 m2, and the apparent density was 0°19 g10.The area shrinkage rate was 30% and 1 weight = 0.18% when the residual rate of the sea component was further analyzed. It was confirmed that the Haboumi component was removed.

13 Example 2 Sea component includes terephthalic acid niaQmO1% and isophthalic acid L:
A sea-island type composite fiber having the same specifications as in Example 1 was prepared except that a copolymerized polyester consisting of 17 mo1%, 5-]-1 to 13 mo1% of 5-]-1-lium sulfoisophthalic acid was used.

This composite fiber cotton was formed into a web by a cross-lapper method to obtain a needle-punch nonwoven fabric with a density of 500 threads/d. This nonwoven fabric had a mesh weight of 80 g/T112 and an apparent density of 0.09 g10.

On top of this non-woven fabric, a coarse fabric with a basis weight of t350Q/Tr12 (both the warp and weft yarns are made of 3 Tetron filaments)
0 denier (using 12 filaments) was spread uniformly, and the above nonwoven fabric was further placed on it to form a sheet with a three-layer structure in the form of a Zandwich.

This sheet-like material was impregnated with a 12% polyurethane solution of dimethylformamide (DM'') and squeezed so that the amount of polyurethane applied was 20 parts by weight, based on the sheet-like material.

Next, apply water jet 1 to punching l to this sea 1 ~ shaped object.
Heat water heated to temperature 1 to 11 to 30°C was heated to 20kCJ/cnf at a pitch of 1.0mm with a force of 1.0mm.
A high-pressure water stream is continuously ejected from a nozzle with small holes 0.15 mm in diameter arranged in a row, and the front and back sides are contacted once each. This [1, ~ impregnated polyurethane 1,1. It solidified. Next, the pressure was increased to 1IO kq/cnf, and the front and back sides were treated 33 times each, and finally the front and back sides were contacted 41 times at a pressure of 80 kCJ/cnf, once each.

Processing method 1α was all performed at 0.8 m/min for 10 times. As a result, it is possible to perform coagulation processing, ultra-fine processing to remove sea components, fiber entanglement processing, and shrinkage processing at the same time.
I was able to do something.

A cross-sectional observation of the three-layer structure Sheet 1~, which had been subjected to high-pressure water jet treatment, revealed that it had a single-layer structure in which the fibers were densely intertwined. This 6's 01-■-1Φha51J, 25
5 g/Tr12, material density 0.230/cffl, and area shrinkage rate due to this treatment was 12%.

The water-soluble 1) 1 polymer used for the composite fibers is removed from the surface of this sea 1, and the ultra-fine fibers are tightly entangled.
~It was covered with tap-like, ultra-fine piloerection.

The material was treated in a pin tenter dryer at 180'C, and then dyed blue using a disperse dye in a high-pressure jet dyeing machine. Comes with a softening agent 1-1! Invasion,
Brush the surface at a temperature of 2 to 120°C.
Let's dry it.

This sea 1~-like material (L) had a soft texture, a surface gloss that could express a unique joke mark, and a varnished, varnished-like material with a soft texture.

Example 3 Complex! i1i dark blue is a men-shima type composite fiber Ki11, and the island component is polyethylene terephthalate-1 ~, sea component or terephthal-1
1Q: 68m01%, Isophthal W: 17mo1%, 5
-Using a copolymerized polyester consisting of 15...01% helium sulfoisonotaric acid, the island component ratio is 90%, the sea component ratio is 10%, and the number of islands is 70, 50 denier 10 filament i (composite ll1i navy blue single yarn) 5 denier) filament L was used as a thread.

A woven fabric was prepared by using the b-island type composite fiber silk filament 1 as a tab yarn and a weft yarn. At this time, use the warp thread as t'G;L S twist of 180T/M)) ") Twist)+
The weft is made of Noiramen, which has been warped, pasted and warped, and has been stretched as the weft thread. - Using the system as it is, the la machine is W
A 9A weaving was carried out using May-thread with a standard of T light density of 1 good and 11B threads/in, and weft thread density of 107 threads/in. 11 of this fabric
4 weight was 51:J/m''.

Using this woven fabric for the top and bottom, the fabric weight obtained in Example 2 is 80Q/m2, the weight is 11, and the density is 0°0901 between the woven fabrics.
It was made into a sandwich-shaped sheet-like product in which a nonwoven fabric of 0 was inserted.

While spouting hot water rolled to 95 degrees O into this sea-like material as high-pressure hot water of 50 kCJ/cif from a nozzle in which small holes with a diameter of 0.13 mmφ are arranged in a row at a pitch of 1.0 m. Processing was carried out 8 times in total, 4 times each on the front and back sides, at a speed of 1 m/in. As a result, ultra-fine processing by removing the sea component of composite fibers, fiber entanglement processing, and shrinkage processing can be performed in the same manner.
). The mouth weight at this time is 2030
/ln2, and the child density ff was 0.20 CI/cnf.

The area shrinkage rate was 15.3%.

This sheet 1 ~-like material (211 silk texture of the fabric is visible on the surface, but it is very λ0) ~ is a material with dense napped fine fibers,
It was ideal for use as a cloth with a smooth surface and a soft texture.

[Efficacy of invention Song Dynasty]

The human-1 leather manufacturing method of the present invention allows the microfine treatment, entangling, shrinkage, and one hardening treatment of one high-strength bomb t' to be performed in one process, which were conventionally controlled through complicated processes. If it is possible to simplify the T culm, there will be an advantage in terms of 4-strokes.

Furthermore, ultra-fine fibers have been added from conventional composite fibers! Noah r
A is a polymer solvent that removes at least 61 components from the multicomponent composite fiber, such as 1 acid, strong)'
Previously, ultra-fine particles were made by treating them with liquids that are harmful to the human body, such as dichloroethylene, but with the present invention, we have found a method that is not harmful to the human body in terms of safety.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A composite fiber made of two or more polymers, at least one of which is a water-soluble polymer, is used in a portion forming at least one surface of the fabric, and after the fabric is formed, water jet punching is performed. Method for manufacturing artificial leather. (2) Composite fibers made of two or more polymers, at least one of which is a water-soluble polymer, are used in a portion forming at least one surface of the fabric, and after the fabric is formed, it is impregnated with a wet coagulable polymeric elastic material. , followed by water jet punching.