JPS6128908A - Optical demultiplexer - Google Patents
Optical demultiplexerInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6128908A JPS6128908A JP15015684A JP15015684A JPS6128908A JP S6128908 A JPS6128908 A JP S6128908A JP 15015684 A JP15015684 A JP 15015684A JP 15015684 A JP15015684 A JP 15015684A JP S6128908 A JPS6128908 A JP S6128908A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- order mode
- low
- light
- output
- mixing rod
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
- G02B6/29379—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device
- G02B6/2938—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device for multiplexing or demultiplexing, i.e. combining or separating wavelengths, e.g. 1xN, NxM
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/14—Mode converters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/2804—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers
- G02B6/2808—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using a mixing element which evenly distributes an input signal over a number of outputs
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（発明−の技術分野）
本発明は、複数の光ファイバに光を分配するための光分
配器に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Technical Field of the Invention) The present invention relates to an optical splitter for distributing light to a plurality of optical fibers.
（発明の技術的背景）
従来、ミキシングロッドの端面に複数の出射ファイバを
接続し、該ミキシングロッドを介して入射ファイバから
出射した出射光を各出射ファイバに分配する構造の光分
配器が知られている。(Technical Background of the Invention) Conventionally, an optical distributor has been known which has a structure in which a plurality of output fibers are connected to the end face of a mixing rod, and output light emitted from an input fiber is distributed to each output fiber via the mixing rod. ing.
かかる構造の光分配器において、従来は外径が一定のミ
キシングロッドが用いられていることから、入射ファイ
バから出射された出射光はその伝播モードをほぼ保持し
たままミキシングロッドから各出射ファイバに入射され
る。従って、例えば、一つの入射ファイバから多数の出
射ファイバに均等に出射光を分配するためには入射ファ
イバからミキシングロー２ドに高次モードで光を出射す
る必要がある。Conventionally, in an optical distributor having such a structure, a mixing rod with a constant outer diameter is used, so that the output light emitted from the input fiber enters each output fiber from the mixing rod while maintaining its propagation mode. be done. Therefore, for example, in order to evenly distribute the output light from one input fiber to a large number of output fibers, it is necessary to output the light in a higher order mode from the input fiber to the mixing rod 2.
（背景技術の問題点）
しかし、入射ファイバの伝送長が長いと、入射ファイバ
に高次モードの光を入射しても伝播中に該光が低次モー
ドに変換されてしまうため、上述の外径が同一のミキシ
ングロッドには、結局、低次モードの光が入射されてし
まう。従って、多数の出射ファイバへの光の分配は不均
一になってしまう。(Problems with the background art) However, if the transmission length of the input fiber is long, even if high-order mode light is input to the input fiber, the light will be converted to a lower-order mode during propagation, so the above-mentioned problems arise. Low-order mode light ends up being incident on mixing rods having the same diameter. Therefore, the distribution of light to a large number of output fibers becomes non-uniform.
また、入射ファイバの伝送長が短い場合でも使用態様に
よっては該入射ファイバに低次モードの光を入射せざる
を得す、従って、上記したと同様に多数の出射ファイバ
には不均一に光が分配され−ＣＬまう。Furthermore, even if the transmission length of the input fiber is short, depending on the usage, it is necessary to input low-order mode light into the input fiber. Therefore, as mentioned above, the light is unevenly transmitted to a large number of output fibers. Distributed - CL.
（発明の目的）
本発明の目的は、入射ファイバからの出射光が低次モー
ドであっても複数の出射ファ・ｆ八に均等に出射光を分
配することができる光分配器を提供。(Objective of the Invention) An object of the present invention is to provide an optical distributor that can evenly distribute emitted light to a plurality of emitting fibers even if the emitted light from an input fiber is in a low-order mode.
することにある。It's about doing.
（発明の概要）
本発明は、入射ファイバからの低次モード出射光を、徐
々に縮径するテーパ状の高次モード変換部にて高次モー
ドに変換した掻除々に拡径するテーパ状の低次モード変
換部にて再度低次モードに変換し、これにより低次モー
ド出射光を各出射ファイバに均等に分配したことを特徴
とする。(Summary of the Invention) The present invention converts low-order mode output light from an input fiber into a high-order mode in a tapered high-order mode conversion section that gradually reduces the diameter. It is characterized in that the low-order mode converter converts the light into a low-order mode again, thereby equally distributing the low-order mode output light to each output fiber.
（発明の実施例）
以下、本発明の実施例を図面を参照して詳細に説明する
。(Embodiments of the Invention) Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
本発明に係る光分配器は、第１図に示すように、ミキシ
ングロッド１を含む。このミキシングロッドｌは２０ｍ
ｍの長さを有してテーパ状に形成され、大径部１ａが８
００ｇｍ、小径部１ｂが１２０ｐｍの径を有している。The optical distributor according to the present invention includes a mixing rod 1, as shown in FIG. This mixing rod l is 20m
It is formed into a tapered shape with a length of m, and the large diameter portion 1a is 8.
00 gm, and the small diameter portion 1b has a diameter of 120 pm.
従って、このミキシングロッド１は約６．７のテーパ比
（＝８００／１２０）を備える高次モード変換部を構成
する。Therefore, this mixing rod 1 constitutes a higher-order mode converter having a taper ratio of approximately 6.7 (=800/120).
このミキシングロッドの大径部ｌａ側端面の中央には入
射ファイバ２の端面が接続されている。この入射ファイ
バ２はコア径が２００ｐｍ、 クラッド外径が２５０
１Ｌｍに形成され、０．１８の開口数（Ｎ 、 Ａ）を
有している。従って、この入射ファイバ２の伝播モード
はかなり低次モードとな する。The end face of the input fiber 2 is connected to the center of the end face on the side of the large diameter portion la of this mixing rod. This input fiber 2 has a core diameter of 200 pm and a cladding outer diameter of 250 pm.
1 Lm and has a numerical aperture (N, A) of 0.18. Therefore, the propagation mode of this input fiber 2 becomes a considerably low-order mode.
ミキシングロッド１の小径部ｌｂ側端面にはテーパ状の
低次モード変換部３が接続されている。A tapered low-order mode conversion section 3 is connected to the end surface of the mixing rod 1 on the side of the small diameter section lb.
この低次モード変換部３は、８０本の出射ファイバ４の
端部を一体的に熱融着して成るテーパ状融着部から構成
され、その小径部はミキシングロッド１の小径部１ｂと
対応するように１２０＃Ｌｍ径に形成されている。各出
射ファイバ４はコア径が８０ｇｍ、クラッド外径が１２
５１Ｌ■に形成され、０．１８の開口数（Ｎ 、 Ａ）
を有している。This low-order mode conversion section 3 is composed of a tapered fused section formed by integrally heat-sealing the ends of 80 output fibers 4, and its small diameter section corresponds to the small diameter section 1b of the mixing rod 1. It is formed to have a diameter of 120#Lm so that the diameter is 120#Lm. Each output fiber 4 has a core diameter of 80gm and a cladding outer diameter of 12gm.
51L■, numerical aperture of 0.18 (N, A)
have.
次に、本発明に係る光分配器の動作を説明する。Next, the operation of the optical distributor according to the present invention will be explained.
即ち、入射ファイバ２より出射された低モードの出射光
５がミキシングロッド１に入射されると、該ミキシング
ロッド１は約６．７のテーパ比を有するテーパ形状を有
していることから、出射光５を徐々に高次モードに変換
しながら低次モード変換部３に出射する。そして、ミキ
シングロフトｌと低次モード変換部３との接続部分にお
ける出射光５のパワー分布は一様となっているので、低
次モード変換部３はこの入射された高次モード出射光５
を出射ファイバ４の伝播モード゛に換えるべく徐々に低
次モードに変換しつつ送出し、各出射ファイバ４に均等
に入射する。従って、入射ファイバ２からの出射光５が
低次モードであっても各出射ファイバ４には低次モード
出射光を均等に分配することができる。That is, when the low mode output light 5 output from the input fiber 2 is input to the mixing rod 1, since the mixing rod 1 has a tapered shape with a taper ratio of about 6.7, the output light 5 is emitted from the input fiber 2. The emitted light 5 is output to the low-order mode converter 3 while being gradually converted into a higher-order mode. Since the power distribution of the output light 5 at the connection part between the mixing loft l and the low-order mode converter 3 is uniform, the low-order mode converter 3 converts the input high-order mode output light 5 into
In order to change the propagation mode of the output fibers 4 to the propagation mode of the output fibers 4, the light is gradually converted to a lower order mode and sent out, and is incident on each output fiber 4 equally. Therefore, even if the output light 5 from the input fiber 2 is a low-order mode, the low-order mode output light can be evenly distributed to each output fiber 4.
上記実施例による光分配器において、その各出射ファイ
バ４の過剰損失を調べたところ、第２図に示すように、
−１ｄＢ〜−２ｄＢの範囲に分布していた。よって、各
出射ファイバ４には出射光５が均等に分配されていたこ
とが判る。尚、第２図において、出射ファイバ番号１〜
８０には８０本の各出射ファイバが対応している。In the optical splitter according to the above embodiment, when the excess loss of each output fiber 4 was investigated, as shown in FIG.
It was distributed in the range of -1 dB to -2 dB. Therefore, it can be seen that the output light 5 was evenly distributed to each output fiber 4. In addition, in FIG. 2, output fiber numbers 1 to
80 corresponds to each of the 80 output fibers.
比較のために、同一外径のミキシングロッドを備える従
来の光分配器において、その各出射ファイバの過剰損失
を調べたところ、第３図に示すように、−０，７５ｄＢ
〜−４ｄＢの広い範囲にわたって分布していた。For comparison, we investigated the excess loss of each output fiber in a conventional optical splitter equipped with mixing rods of the same outer diameter, and found that it was -0.75 dB as shown in Figure 3.
It was distributed over a wide range of ~-4 dB.
第４図には上記第１図の変形例が示されている。即ち、
この変形例では、大径部１ａ及び小径部１ｂの外に大径
部ｌａ側に同一外径で伸長する同−外径部１ｃを有する
ミキシングロッド１が高次モード変換部として用いられ
ており、同−外径部１ｃの端面に入射ファイバ２の出射
端が接続されている。FIG. 4 shows a modification of the above-mentioned FIG. 1. That is,
In this modification, a mixing rod 1 having an outer diameter section 1c extending with the same outer diameter toward the large diameter section la side outside of the large diameter section 1a and the small diameter section 1b is used as a higher-order mode converter. , the output end of the input fiber 2 is connected to the end face of the outer diameter portion 1c.
第５図には本発明の他の実施例が示され、この実施例で
はミキシングロッドｌの小径部１ｂと低次モード変換部
３の小径部との間に更に他のミキシングロッド１′が配
されている。即ち、この他のミキシングロッド１′はそ
の大径部１’ａが前段のミキシングロッドｌの小径部ｉ
ｂに、その小径部１’ｂが低次モード変換部３の小径部
にそれぞれ接続されている。FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which another mixing rod 1' is disposed between the small diameter portion 1b of the mixing rod l and the small diameter portion of the low-order mode converter 3. has been done. That is, the large diameter portion 1'a of this other mixing rod 1' is the same as the small diameter portion i of the preceding mixing rod l.
b, the small diameter portion 1'b is connected to the small diameter portion of the low-order mode conversion section 3, respectively.
第６図には本発明の更に他の実施例が示されている。こ
の実施例では両端側がそれぞれテーパ状に形成されてい
るミキシングロッド６が示され、このミキシングロッド
６の一方のテーパ部６ａ端面には複数の入射ファイバ２
の出射端が接続され、他方のテーパ部６ｂ端面には複数
の出射ファイバ４の入射端を熱融着して成る低次モード
変換部３が接続されている。FIG. 6 shows yet another embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, a mixing rod 6 is shown in which both ends are formed into a tapered shape, and a plurality of input fibers 2 are formed on one end surface of the tapered portion 6a of the mixing rod 6.
A low-order mode conversion section 3 formed by thermally fusing the input ends of a plurality of output fibers 4 is connected to the end surface of the other tapered portion 6b.
この実施例において、一つの入射ファイバ２より低次モ
ードの出射光５がミキシングロッド６内に入射されると
、この出射光５はミキシングロッド６の他方のテーパ部
６ｂにて高次モードに変換された後低次モード変換部３
に入り、ここで再度低次モードに変換され、複数の出射
ファイバ４に均等に分配される。In this embodiment, when the output light 5 in a lower order mode is input into the mixing rod 6 from one input fiber 2, this output light 5 is converted into a higher order mode at the other tapered portion 6b of the mixing rod 6. After the low-order mode conversion unit 3
The light is then converted into a low-order mode again and is equally distributed to a plurality of output fibers 4.
これに対して、一つの出射ファイバ４より低次モードの
出射光５′が出射されると、この出射光５′は低次モー
ド変換部３内に入射される。この場合低次モード変換部
３は出射光５′の進行方向に沿って徐々に縮径している
ので、出射光５′に対しては高次モード変換部として機
能する。従って、出射光５′はこの低次モード変換部３
にて高次モードに変換された後ミキシングロッド６内に
入射される。また、ミキシングロッド６の他のテーパ部
６ｂは出射光５′の進行方向に沿って徐々に拡径してい
る。よって、このテーパ部６ｂは出射光５′に対しては
上述したとは反対に低次モード変換部として機能し、従
って、出射光５′はこのテーパ部６ｂにより再度低次モ
ードに変換される。そして、ミキシングロッド６内で低
次モードに変換された出射光５′は、ミキシングロッド
６の一方のテーパ部６ａの小径側端面が比較的大径に形
成されているので、低次モード状態をほぼ保持して複数
の入射ファイバ２に均等に入射される。On the other hand, when a low-order mode output light 5' is output from one output fiber 4, this output light 5' is input into the low-order mode conversion section 3. In this case, the lower-order mode converter 3 gradually decreases in diameter along the traveling direction of the emitted light 5', so it functions as a higher-order mode converter for the emitted light 5'. Therefore, the emitted light 5' is transmitted to this low-order mode converter 3.
After being converted into a higher-order mode, it is input into the mixing rod 6. Further, the diameter of the other tapered portion 6b of the mixing rod 6 gradually increases along the traveling direction of the emitted light 5'. Therefore, this tapered part 6b functions as a low-order mode converting part for the emitted light 5', contrary to what has been described above, and therefore, the emitted light 5' is converted into a lower-order mode again by this taper part 6b. . The output light 5' converted into a low-order mode within the mixing rod 6 is not in a low-order mode state because the small-diameter side end surface of one tapered portion 6a of the mixing rod 6 is formed to have a relatively large diameter. The light is almost maintained and is evenly input into the plurality of input fibers 2.
このように、第６図の実施例では、双方向において出射
光を均等に分配することができる。尚、図中θは入射フ
ァイバ２の出射角、σは低次モード変換部３の高次モー
ド機能時の出射角、α及びβはそれぞれテーパ部６ａ、
６ｂのテーパ角を示し、α〉θ、β〉σの関係を有して
いる。In this way, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the emitted light can be evenly distributed in both directions. In the figure, θ is the output angle of the input fiber 2, σ is the output angle of the low-order mode converter 3 when the high-order mode functions, α and β are the tapered portion 6a,
6b, and has the relationship α>θ, β>σ.
（発明の効果）
本発明によれば、入射ファイバからの低次モード出射光
を、徐々に縮径するテーパ状の高次モード変換部にて一
旦高次モードに変換し、その後に徐々に拡径するテーパ
状の低次モード変換部にて再度低次モードに変換したこ
とで、入射ファイバからの出射光が低次モードであって
も複数の出射ファイバに均等に分配することができる。(Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention, the low-order mode light emitted from the input fiber is first converted into a high-order mode in the tapered high-order mode converting section whose diameter is gradually reduced, and then the light is gradually expanded. By converting the light into a low-order mode again in the tapered low-order mode conversion section, even if the light emitted from the input fiber is in a low-order mode, it can be evenly distributed to the plurality of output fibers.
従って、信頼性を有する光通信が可能となる。Therefore, reliable optical communication becomes possible.
第１図は本発明に係る光分配器の正面図、第２図は本発
明の光分配器の過剰損失特性を示す図、第３図は従来の
光分配器の過剰損失特性を示す図、第４図は第１図の光
分配器の変形例を示す図、第５図及び第６図はそれぞれ
本発明の他の実施例を示す図である。
１．１’、６−−−−ミキシングロツド、ｌａ、ｌ ’
ａ −−−一大径部、
ｌｂ、ｌ’ｂ−−−一小径部、
２−−−−−−−−一入射ファイバ、
３−−−−−一−−−低次モード変換部、４−−−−−
−−−一出射ファイバ。
（他１名）FIG. 1 is a front view of an optical distributor according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing excessive loss characteristics of the optical distributor of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing excessive loss characteristics of a conventional optical distributor. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a modification of the optical distributor shown in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 5 and 6 are diagrams showing other embodiments of the present invention, respectively. 1.1', 6----mixing rod, la, l'
a --- one large diameter section, lb, l'b --- one small diameter section, 2 --- one input fiber, 3 --- one --- low-order mode conversion section, 4------
--- Single output fiber. (1 other person)
Claims (1)
分配する光分配器であって、テーパ状に形成され、前記
入射ファイバの出射端に大径側端面が接続されている少
なくとも一以上の高次モード変換部と、テーパ状に形成
され、その小径側端面が前記高次モード変換部の小径側
端面に接続され、その大径側端面が前記各出射ファイバ
に光結合されている低次モード変換部とを含むことを特
徴とする光分配器。 ２、前記高次モード変換部はテーパ状に形成されたミキ
シングロッドであることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第
１項に記載の光分配器。 ３、前記低次モード変換部は前記複数の出射ファイバの
入射端を一体的に融着して形成したテーパ状融着部であ
ることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項に記載の光分
配器。[Claims] 1. An optical distributor that distributes output light from an input fiber to a plurality of output fibers, which is formed in a tapered shape and has a large-diameter end face connected to the output end of the input fiber. at least one higher-order mode converter, which is formed into a tapered shape, and whose small-diameter end face is connected to the small-diameter end face of the higher-order mode converter, and whose large-diameter end face is optically coupled to each of the output fibers. 1. An optical distributor comprising: a low-order mode conversion section; 2. The optical distributor according to claim 1, wherein the higher-order mode conversion section is a mixing rod formed in a tapered shape. 3. The light according to claim 1, wherein the low-order mode conversion part is a tapered fused part formed by integrally fusing the input ends of the plurality of output fibers. Distributor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15015684A JPS6128908A (en) | 1984-07-19 | 1984-07-19 | Optical demultiplexer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15015684A JPS6128908A (en) | 1984-07-19 | 1984-07-19 | Optical demultiplexer |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6128908A true JPS6128908A (en) | 1986-02-08 |
Family
ID=15490725
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15015684A Pending JPS6128908A (en) | 1984-07-19 | 1984-07-19 | Optical demultiplexer |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6128908A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5714168A (en) * | 1980-07-01 | 1982-01-25 | Seikensha Kk | Cooler/storage for rerishable foods |
| US5129021A (en) * | 1988-07-12 | 1992-07-07 | British Telecommunications Public Limited Company | Optical star couplers |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5369049A (en) * | 1976-11-30 | 1978-06-20 | Thomson Csf | Optical coupler |
| JPS58193514A (en) * | 1982-01-05 | 1983-11-11 | Toshiba Corp | Optical distributor and its manufacture |
-
1984
- 1984-07-19 JP JP15015684A patent/JPS6128908A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5369049A (en) * | 1976-11-30 | 1978-06-20 | Thomson Csf | Optical coupler |
| JPS58193514A (en) * | 1982-01-05 | 1983-11-11 | Toshiba Corp | Optical distributor and its manufacture |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5714168A (en) * | 1980-07-01 | 1982-01-25 | Seikensha Kk | Cooler/storage for rerishable foods |
| US5129021A (en) * | 1988-07-12 | 1992-07-07 | British Telecommunications Public Limited Company | Optical star couplers |
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