JPS61286905A - Automatic converter for coordinate axes - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To remove misprogramming and to shorten a working time by automatically replacing coordinate axes in accordance with a tool selected in each working surface in a five-surface working machine or the like. CONSTITUTION:The titled device is provided with an NC workingprogram memory 112 for controlling the working of a working machine and an interpolartor 113 coupled with motors M1-M3 for driving respective axes. In addition, an axis selecting circuit 114 for making plural axes correspond to each other by a surface access command accessed from the memory 112 interlocking with the interpolator 113 and a circuit for determining a positive/ negative on the basis of the combination of the surface access command used at the time of surface access and respective axis signals outputted from the circuit 114 are also arranged. Consequently, the coordinate axes can be automatically replaced in accordance with a tool selected in each working surface and misprogramming can be removed. In addition, the working time for programming can be sharply shortened.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Field of Industrial Application> The present invention relates to an automatic coordinate axis conversion device in a processing machine, such as a five-sided processing machine of a machine tool.

<Conventional technology> Conventionally, when machining is performed using a five-sided double-column machining center, a worker (hereinafter referred to as an operator) changes the coordinate axes in his head every time the machining surface changes, and performs programming on the screen, for example. It is carried out.

<Problems to be solved by the invention> However, as mentioned above, since the operator performs programming while thinking in his/her head, it is easy for errors to occur, a considerable amount of work time is required, and programming errors are likely to occur. Therefore, there was a problem in that it could lead to damage accidents due to collisions with tools.

The purpose of the present invention was proposed in order to solve the problem in view of the above circumstances, and by automatically replacing the coordinate axes in accordance with the tool selected for each machining surface, it is possible to eliminate programming errors and improve workability. An object of the present invention is to provide a coordinate axis automatic conversion device that saves time.

Means and Effects for Solving Problems> The present invention is an improvement in which the coordinate axis conversion in a processing machine, for example, a five-sided processing machine, is performed automatically instead of manually.
The means includes an NC machining program memory that controls the machining of the processing machine, an interpolator connected to a motor that drives each axis, and the NC machining program memory that cooperates with the interpolator.
An axis selection circuit that supports multiple axes using a surface call command called from memory, and a sign determination circuit that determines the positive or negative by a combination of the surface call command when a surface is called and the signal for each axis from the axis selection circuit. It is a point composed of.

Thus, the apparatus of the present invention allows the coordinate axes to be automatically replaced in accordance with the tool selected for each machined surface.

<Example> Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

(1) First, the basic concept of coordinate axis transformation in the five-sided machining machine used in the apparatus of the present invention will be explained.

FIG. 1 is an enlarged perspective view of the spindle head of a five-sided double-column machining center.

In FIG. 1, a cross rail 101 is attached to the front side of a column 100 formed in a portal shape.
01 is moved in the Z-axis direction.

A spindle head 102 is attached to the cross rail 101 so as to move in the Y-axis direction. Vera do (enclosure)
A table 103 on which a workpiece W is placed is provided above,
The table 103 is moved in the X-axis direction.

An index head 10 is located at the tip of the spindle head 102.
4 is attached, and five tools T are attached so that five-sided machining can be performed. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, each tool T90. T91. T92
．． T93 and T94 are installed. table 103
Above is the workpiece W to be processed! The surfaces of the work W are 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 as shown in the figure.

Tool T90 is the 0th side of the workpiece W, Te3 is the 1st side of the workpiece W, tool T92 is the 2nd side of the workpiece W, tool T93 is the workpiece W
It is defined that four surfaces of the work W are to be machined using the three surfaces and the tool T94.

When the operator programs the zero surface of the workpiece W, the Z-axis is the direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane of the table on which the workpiece is attached, the upper part is the +Z-axis, and the lower part is the -Z-axis. The left and right direction toward the workpiece as seen from the operator's side is the X axis, the right direction is the +X axis, and the left direction is the -X axis. Further, when viewed from the operator side, the front and back direction toward the workpiece is the Y axis, the back direction is +Y, and the front side is the -Y axis.

In this way, for the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th surfaces of the workpiece W as well as the 0th surface, the operator points the direction perpendicular to each surface of the workpiece W to the Z-axis, the left-right direction to the X-axis, and the vertical direction to the It was considered as the Y-axis direction, and when programming, it was necessary to convert it to the axis of each motor.

That is, as shown in the figure, each axis of each surface must be converted to the direction marked with a circle. If planes 1 to 4 in the conversion direction marked with O are arranged with plane 0 as a reference, the result will be as follows.

(M+, Mt 1M3 represents the motor shaft,) (2)
As shown above, the gist of the present invention is to automatically convert the coordinate axes of each surface, and the specific configuration thereof will be described next.

The configuration of the present invention includes an NC machining program memory that controls machining by a processing machine, an interpolator connected to a motor that drives each axis, and a surface called from the NC machining program memory in cooperation with the interpolator. It consists of an axis selection circuit that handles multiple axes using a call command, and a sign determination circuit that determines the sign of each axis based on a combination of the surface call command when a surface is called and the signal for each axis from the axis selection circuit.

FIGS. 2(A) and 2(B) are block diagrams showing the configuration of the present invention. In Figure 2 (a) and (b), CP
Input circuit 11 from keyboard with screen 111 to UI 10
1a, necessary input data is input in advance. Further, an NC data program for machining with a five-sided machining machine is stored in the NC data program memory 112. Motors that drive the five-sided machining machine, such as an X-axis layer motor M, a Y-axis circumferential motor M2, and a Z-axis circumferential motor M3, are connected to an interpolator 113 via an amplifier, and an axis selection circuit 114 is connected from the interpolator 113. connected to CPU 10 through Z-axis, Y-axis
The processing machine is moved in the axial and Z-axis directions.

The interpolator 113 includes interpolators PM, , Y for the X-axis layer motor Ml.
Axis motor inter-shaft motor unit PMg and Z-axis circumferential motor M,
It has a built-in interpolator PM. To the axis selection circuit 114, an axis selection circuit AX for the X-axis layer motor M, a Y-axis inter-axis motor selection circuit AXt, and an axis selection circuit AX3 for the Z-axis peripheral motor M are connected to each motor. .

There is an arithmetic circuit 115 for calling each of the five surfaces, and the arithmetic circuit 115 performs arithmetic operations to command the value obtained by subtracting 90 from the tool number TNO, that is, 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4, and Command 0.1, 2.3 and 4. Next, press the respective X-axis register 1 to select the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis.
16. Signals are taken in from the Y-axis register 117 and the Z-axis register 118 to the AND gates 119 to 125, respectively.

The AND gate 119 takes in the X signal from the X-axis register 116, and accordingly takes in the command signals from the 0th, 1st, and 3rd surfaces, and selects the axis selection circuit A of the X-axis layer motor M.
Send a signal to X. The AND gate 125 takes in the X signal from the X-axis register 116 and the second and fourth plane command signals, and sends the signals to the axis selection circuit AX of the X-axis layer motor M.

The X signal from the Y-axis register 117 is connected to the AND gate 12.
0. AND gate 121 and AND gate 124
be taken into account. AND gate 120 has 2 sides and 4 sides.
The Y-axis circumferential motor M receives the surface command signal and opens the gate.
A signal is sent to the axis selection circuit A X z of No. 2.

The AND gate 121 receives the command signal of the 0 side and Y
A signal is sent to the axis selection circuit A X t of the shaft circumferential motor Mz.

The AND gate 124 receives command signals for the first and third surfaces and sends signals to the axis selection circuit AX of the Y-axis circumferential motor M2.

The two signals from the Z-axis register 118 are connected to the AND gate 12.
2 and AND gate 123 are opened. The AND gate 122 receives command signals for the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th surfaces, and sends the signals to the axis selection circuit A.sub.Xs of the Z-axis circumferential motor M3.

The AND gate 123 receives the command signal of the 0 plane and Z
A signal is sent to the axis selection circuit A X s of the axial motor M3.

When all these signals are sent to the axis selection circuit 114, they are converted into a state in which the symbols in the table described above are excluded. Furthermore, fingers on each surface of the X-axis circumferential motor M1 that has passed through the AND gate 119 and each surface of the Y-axis circumferential motor M2 that has passed through the AND gate 120 and the AND gate 127 are opened. Each surface of the Y-axis circumference motor M2 that has passed through the AND gate 121 and the Z-axis circumference motor M2 that has passed through the AND gate 122
The gate 128 is opened.

0 of Z-axis peripheral motor M3 that passed through AND gate 123
Y-axis circumferential motor M2 that has passed through the AND gate 124
and each surface of the X-axis circumferential motor M1 that has passed through the AND gate 125 and the AND gate 130 is opened.

The signal from the plus register 131 is input to the AND gate 12
6. AND GATE 128 and AND GATE 130
Incorporate into. Also, a signal from minus register 132 is taken into AND gate 127 and AND gate 129.

The command signals from the 0th, 1st, and 2nd sides of the signals on each side are taken into the AND gate 126, thereby sending each positive signal to the interpolator PM.

Command signals from the 0th, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th planes are taken into the AND gate 128, thereby sending each positive signal to the interpolator P M z. Furthermore, the command signals from the 0th, 2nd, and 3rd surfaces are taken into the AND gate 130, thereby sending each positive signal to the interpolator PMs.

Command signals from 3rd and 4th sides are AND gate 127
The signal of each inus is sent to the PM. .

The command signals of the first and fourth planes are taken into the AND gate 129, thereby sending each negative signal to the P M s.

Then, the coordinate axes on each plane are converted with plus and minus signs as shown in the table described above.

(3) The operation of the present invention will be explained based on the flowchart of FIG. 3. Data for coordinate axis conversion is entered in advance from the keyboard with screen 111 to convert the coordinate axes in the apparatus of the present invention and start the operation. First, on the 0th plane, if YES, the T2O tool is M, and the motor is +X axis 1.
The Mt motor controls the +Y axis and the M3 motor controls the +2 axis. If it is NO on the 0th side, move to the 1st side, and if it is YES on the 1st side, use the tool T91, M, and the motor +X axis, M.
The t motor is controlled to be converted to the -Y axis and the M motor is controlled to be converted to the +Z axis. If NO on the 1st surface, move to the 2nd surface, and if YES on the 2nd surface, the coordinate axis is M with the tool T92, the +X axis for the motor, the +Y axis for the Ml motor, the +Y axis for the Mz motor, and the +Z axis for the Mz motor. converted and controlled.

If no on the 2nd page, move on to the 3rd page, YES on the 3rd page
If so, -X axis for M+ motor and +Y for 1M2 motor
The axis, M, and motor are controlled to be converted into +2 coordinate axes. If NO on the 3rd page, move on to the 4th page, YES on the 4th page.
If S, then -X axis for M1 motor -Y for 1Mt motor
Axis and M.

In the motor, it is converted to the +Z-axis coordinate axis and controlled.

If No for the 4th plane, an alarm is issued and one coordinate axis conversion from the 0th plane to the 4th plane is completed.

Effects> The present invention makes it possible to automatically convert the coordinate axes according to the tool selected for each machining surface, so there is no need for the operator to convert the coordinate axes in his or her head when programming. This eliminates programming errors. Furthermore, the programming work time is greatly shortened, which in turn leads to improved work efficiency, which is very effective.

Since programming errors are eliminated, there are no accidents caused by collisions with tools.

Although we have described the type of processing machine as a five-sided processing machine, it is not limited to this. For example, a processing tool can be inserted into an indexable main spindle that is installed at the end of the main spindle of a vertical machining center or on the horizontal axis. Processing may be performed using the attached processing head.

Furthermore, it can be applied as a coordinate axis conversion device for robots, etc.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an enlarged perspective view of the spindle head of a five-sided double-column machining center. FIGS. 2(A) and 2(B) are block diagrams showing the configuration of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a flowchart diagram illustrating the present invention in detail. lOO... Column 100... Cross rail 102... Spindle head 103... Table 104... Index head W... Work 110... CPU 112
...NG processing data/program memory 113...
・Interpolator 114...Axis selection circuit 115...
・Arithmetic circuit

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a processing machine that performs processing by relative movement in a plane perpendicular to a spindle axis facing a workpiece, the tip of the spindle is capable of turning and indexing in a plane in a direction perpendicular to the spindle axis. A tool main axis, an NC machining program memory that controls the machining of the processing machine, an interpolator connected to a motor that drives each axis, and the N
An axis selection circuit that supports multiple axes with a surface call command called from the C machining program memory, and a combination of the surface call command when a surface is called and the signal for each axis from the axis selection circuit determines the positive or negative. 1. An automatic coordinate axis conversion device comprising a code determination circuit for automatically replacing coordinate axes in accordance with a tool selected for each machining surface.