JPS61286439A - Opening/closing type dome roof - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a dome-shaped roof structure, and more particularly to a dome-shaped roof structure that can be partially opened and closed depending on the weather.

(Problems with the Prior Art) As is well known, structures for athletic events such as baseball stadiums and track and field stadiums do not have roofs.

This is intended to allow athletic competitions to be held in as natural a environment as possible, but if it rains or it rains during a competition, the competition must be suspended or canceled.

Therefore, all-weather stadiums have recently been proposed, and for example, air membrane structures are attracting attention.

However, the air membrane structure has the following problems.

In other words, in an air membrane structure, the roof is made of a membrane material made of synthetic resin, etc., and pressurized air that is slightly higher than atmospheric pressure is sealed inside. In order to prevent leakage, the entrance/exit structure becomes complicated.

In addition, not only will lighting and ventilation inside the stadium become difficult, but the purpose of holding or watching competitions in a natural environment will be diminished.

This invention was made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and allows athletics to be held in a natural environment by partially opening and closing the roof depending on the weather, allowing natural lighting and ventilation on sunny days. To provide a retractable dome roof which can be opened and closed even in rainy weather and can be opened and closed easily.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a fixed roof whose peripheral edge is fixed to an erected outer wall, a circular opening formed at the center of the fixed roof, It has a plurality of petal-shaped movable roofs rotatably pivoted near the frontage edge, and each of the petal-shaped movable roofs is assembled vertically at different levels between the movable roofs adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction. It is characterized in that the petal-shaped movable roof is simultaneously driven to rotate so that the opening can be opened and closed.

(Embodiments and Effects) Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 to 7 show an embodiment of the retractable dome roof according to the present invention.

The dome roof shown in the figure is applied to an athletic stadium with a circular plane, and has a cylindrical outer wall 10 erected on the ground.
A stand 12 and a field 14 are provided inside this.

The dome roof includes a fixed roof 16 whose peripheral edge is fixed to the upper end of the outer wall 10, and six petal-shaped movable roofs 2Qa, b, which open and close a circular opening 18 formed at the center of the peripheral roof 16.
c, d, e, and f, each of which has a truss structure, but is of course not limited to this structure.

The fixed roof 16 and the petal-shaped movable roofs 20a to 2Of are, as schematically shown in FIG. 7, divided spherical surfaces having the same spherical center O. a~2Of
has a slightly larger radius of curvature.

The planar shape of each of the petal-shaped roofs 20a to 2Of is determined by considering the curvature state of the movable roofs 20a to 2Of shown in FIG.
It is slightly larger than the radius of 8, specifically R'
Between the two vertices of an equilateral triangle with one side having length ηU7+82-, there are two arcuate sides β that protrude to the outside of the triangle, and 1!
Arc side 11 that connects with 2 and enters inside between one other vertex
It is shaped like an x.

Note that the planar shape of the petal-shaped roofs 20a to 2Of is not limited to this, and for example, the arcuate side (3) may be made to protrude outward like the other sides (1, 12).

In addition, the six petal-shaped movable roofs 20a to 20f have an opening 1
8 is divided into equal angular intervals (60 degrees) near the edge of the opening 18, with one vertex
The bin 22, which is set to be the same as the radius R of the petal-shaped movable roof 20a to 2Of, and which is the rotation axis of the petal-shaped movable roofs 20a to 2Of, is inclined so as to face the center 0 of the spherical surface described above. As shown in the figure, a notch 23 is provided to prevent interference between the movable roofs 20a to 20f.

Further, the petal-shaped movable roofs 20a to 2Of are assembled such that circumferentially adjacent movable roofs are at different levels in the vertical direction.

That is, the diagram in the middle of occlusion in FIG. 4 and the rII diagram in FIG.
As is clear from the drawing, the petal-shaped movable roof 20a
, the movable roof 20b on the right is located above and partially overlaps, and the movable roof 201' on the left is located below and also partially overlaps, and this state is similar to that of other movable roofs. The same applies to roofs.

Each petal-shaped movable roof 20a combined in a stepped manner in this way
A drive mechanism as shown in FIG. 3 is interposed in the overlapping portion of 2Of.

The mechanism shown in the same figure has the same configuration between each petal-shaped movable roof, but as a representative example, the same mechanism as the movable roof 20a is used.
The case of Off will be explained.

In the part where the petal-shaped movable roof 20a and the same 2Of overlap,
Steps 30 and 32 are provided respectively, and on the steps 30 of the movable roof 2Of located below, a guide rail 34 with a T-shaped cross section is fixed along the curved surface of the movable roof 2Of. The movable roof 2Of has an arc planar shape with a radius R centered on the bin 22, which is the center of rotation, and the arc side I! 3, and reaches near the bin 22 of the petal-shaped movable roof 2Of.

On the other hand, at the step 32 of the petal-shaped movable roof 20a, there is a driving roller 36 in contact with the upper surface of the guide rail 34, a pair of horizontal rollers 3''8.38 that move along the side of the one-shaped guide rail 34, and a T-shaped guide. A pair of vertical rollers 40, 40 rolling along the lower surface of the rail 34 are pivotally supported for rotation in a horizontal plane.

A set of five rollers 36, 38, and 40 are provided at two other two points (Y, Z) of the petal-shaped movable roof 20a.

Furthermore, a guide rail 35 similar to the guide rail 34 described above is laid on the fixed roof 16, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5.

The height of the guide rail 35 is adjusted so that it is on the same spherical surface as the guide rail 34, and has a planar shape with a radius R centered on each bin 22. The guide rail 35 is configured so that the rollers 36, 38, and 40 of the above-mentioned set can be transferred to the guide rail 35.

In the retractable dome roof constructed as described above, the drive roller 36 is rotationally driven by, for example, an electric motor or compressed air, and the petal-shaped movable roofs 20a to 2Qf are simultaneously opened at the openings 18.
Rotate and move towards the center of each petal-shaped movable roof 2.
Since 0a to 2Of are assembled at different levels, one supports the other, and as shown in FIG. 5, the opening 18 is closed to complete a spherical dome roof, and the drive from the closed state is Rotate the roller 36 in the opposite direction to form each petal-shaped roof 2.
By simultaneously moving 0a to 2Of outward, the opening 18 can be opened as shown in FIG.

To explain in more detail the state during movement, FIG. 6 shows the rotation locus of the two petal-shaped movable roofs 20a and 2Or.

That is, when the movable roofs 2Qa and 2Of move simultaneously in the directions of the arrows at the same speed, the set rollers 36, 38, and 40 pivotally supported at both ends of the movable roof 20a move Ao-+A1-A2-A3, respectively.

-8o -+B+ → B2 → B3.

On the other hand, the guide rail 34 installed on the movable roof 20 [co-+C7→C
2 → C3, but since both of these trajectories have a radius R, the roller 36°38.40 does not come off the guide rail 34, and the constantly movable roof 20a is connected to the bin 22 and the two sets. It moves stably while being supported at three points by rollers 36, 38, and 40.

In addition, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG.
Although there is a slight gap in the center when the roof is closed, this part can be covered by any of the petal-shaped movable roofs 2Qa to 2Of.

In addition, the overall shape of the structure is not limited to that described above,
Of course, other shapes may also be used.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above in detail in the embodiments, in the retractable dome roof according to the present invention, the petal-shaped movable roof is simultaneously moved and can be opened and closed in a short time.

In addition, if it is closed off with a petal-shaped movable roof, lighting can be reflected, making it possible to use it for multiple purposes.

Furthermore, in the summer, the roof can be closed off to block direct sunlight, while in the middle of the season or on sunny days, the roof can be partially or completely opened to allow competitions to take place under the sky, allowing competitions to be held regardless of the weather. can be done.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a plan view of the roof of the present invention in an open state, Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the same essential parts, Fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the state between the movable roofs, Fig. 4 is a plan view of the movable roof in the middle of closing, FIG. 5 is a plan view of the movable roof in a closed state, FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the rotation locus of the movable roof, and FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the curvature of the roof. 10...Outside wall 12...Stand 14...Field 16...
Fixed roof 18... Openings 20a-2Of... Petal-shaped movable roof 22...
... Bin 30.32 ... Level difference 3
4...Guide rail 36...Drive roller 38...Horizontal roller 40...Vertical roller Patent applicant: Obayashi Corporation Representative Patent attorney - Kensuke Shiro Procedural official document (spontaneous) October 11, 1985 Michibe Uga, Commissioner of the Patent Office 1. Indication of the case: 1985 Patent Application No. 127089 2. Name of the invention: Retractable dome roof 3. Amendments made Relationship with the Patent Case Address of Patent Applicant 3-37 Kyobashi, Higashi-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Name Name
(054) Obayashi Co., Ltd. Representative Director Obayashi
Yoshibe 4, Agent Address: 1-24-16-5 Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Subject of amendment (1) Full text of the specification (2) Attached drawings to the specification 6, Contents of amendment (1) Specification The entire text of is revised as shown in the attached sheet. (2) Figures 1, 4 to 7 of the drawings attached to the specification will be deleted and replaced with attached drawings, and the attached drawings will be added. Amended Description 1, Name of the Invention, Retractable Dome Roof 2, Claims (1) A fixed roof whose peripheral edge is fixed to an erected outer wall;
The fixed roof has a circular opening formed in the center and a plurality of petal-shaped movable roofs rotatably pivoted near the opening edge, and the petal-shaped movable roofs are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction. A retractable dome roof, characterized in that the movable roofs are assembled vertically in different levels, and each petal-shaped movable roof is simultaneously driven to rotate so that the opening can be opened and closed. (2) The fixed roof and the petal-shaped movable roof are bent to different curvatures of the same spherical center, and the rotation center of each petal-shaped roof is oriented toward the center of the spherical surface. A retractable dome roof according to claim 1. (3) One of the petal-shaped movable roofs combined at different levels is provided with a guide rail roughly following the petal shape, and the end of the other petal-shaped movable roof is engaged with this guide rail and rotates. The retractable dome roof according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a pair of driven rollers. 3. Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a dome-shaped roof structure, and particularly to a dome-shaped roof structure that can be partially opened and closed depending on the weather. (Problems with the Prior Art) As is well known, structures for athletic events such as baseball stadiums and track and field stadiums do not have roofs. This is intended to allow athletic competitions to be held in as natural a environment as possible, but if it rains or it rains during a competition, the competition must be suspended or canceled. Therefore, all-weather stadiums have recently been proposed, and for example, air membrane structures are attracting attention. However, the air membrane structure has the following problems. In other words, an air membrane structure consists of a roof made of a membrane material made of synthetic resin, etc., and pressurized air that is slightly higher than atmospheric pressure is sealed inside. The entrance/exit structure is complicated to prevent leakage to the outside. In addition, not only will lighting and ventilation inside the stadium become difficult, but the purpose of holding or watching competitions in a natural environment will be diminished. This invention was made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and allows athletics to be held in a natural environment by partially opening and closing the roof depending on the weather, allowing natural lighting and ventilation on sunny days. To provide a retractable dome roof which can be opened and closed even in rainy weather and can be opened and closed easily. (Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a fixed roof whose peripheral edge is fixed to an erected outer wall, a circular opening formed at the center of the fixed roof, It has a plurality of petal-shaped movable roofs rotatably pivoted near the opening edge. It is characterized in that the petal-shaped movable roof is simultaneously driven to rotate so that the opening can be opened and closed. (Embodiments and Effects) Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 to 7 show an embodiment of the retractable dome roof according to the present invention. The dome roof shown in the figure is applied to an athletic stadium with a circular plane, and has a cylindrical outer wall 10 erected on the ground.
A stand 12 and a field 14 are provided inside this. The dome roof includes a fixed roof 16 whose peripheral edge is fixed to the upper end of the outer wall 10, and six petal-shaped movable roofs 20a, b, which open and close a circular opening 18 formed at the center of the fixed roof 16.
c, d, e, and f, each of which has a truss structure, but is of course not limited to this structure. The fixed roof 16 and the petal-shaped movable roofs 208-2Of are divided spherical surfaces having the same center O, as schematically shown in FIG. The radius of curvature is slightly larger. The planar shape of each of the petal-shaped roofs 20a to 2Of is determined by considering the curvature state of the movable roofs 20a to 2Of shown in FIG.
It is slightly larger than the radius of 8, specifically R2
=R+ Between the two vertices of an equilateral triangle with one side having a length of 2+82, there are two circular arc sides β1 and β2 that protrude to the outside of the triangle.
It has a shape in which the other vertices are connected by the arc side β3 that penetrates inside. Note that the planar shape of the petal-shaped roofs 20a to 2Of is not limited to this, and for example, the arcuate side β3 is replaced by the other sides β1, j2.
Similar to 2, it may be made to protrude outward. In addition, the six petal-shaped movable roofs 20a to 2Of have an opening 1
Each bin 22 is rotatably mounted near the edge of the opening 18 that divides the opening 18 into equal angles of 60 degrees) with one vertex X, and the linear distance between each bin 22 is
The pin 22, which serves as the rotation axis of the petal-shaped movable roofs 20a to 2Of, is set to be the same as the radius R of the movable roof 20a to 2Of, and is inclined so as to face the center 0 of the spherical surface described above. As shown in the figure, a notch 23 is provided to prevent interference between the movable roofs 20a to 20f. Further, the petal-shaped movable roofs 20a to 2Of are assembled such that circumferentially adjacent movable roofs are at different levels in the vertical direction. That is, as is clear from the partially closed view in FIG. 4 and the closed view in FIG. The adjacent movable roof 20 on the left is located below and partially overlaps in the same way, and this condition is the same for the other movable roofs. roof 20a
A drive mechanism as shown in FIG. 3 is interposed in the overlapping portion of 2Of. The mechanism shown in the same figure has the same configuration between each petal-shaped movable roof, but as a representative example, the same mechanism as the movable roof 20a is used.
The case of 0[ will be explained. In the part where the petal-shaped movable roof 20a and the same 2Of overlap,
Steps 30 and 32 are provided respectively, and on the steps 30 of the movable roof 2Or located below, a guide rail 34 with a T-shaped cross section is fixed along the curved surface of the movable roof 2Of. The movable roof 20a, which will be described later, is curved along the upper surface curvature of the shaped roof 2Of, and when the petal shaped roof 20a and the petal shaped roof 2Of rotate at the same speed in the direction of closing the opening 18. The set of rollers Y attached thereto are formed in the plane shape to find a corresponding trajectory that will not come off the guide rail 34, and reach the vicinity of the bin 22 of the petal-shaped movable roof 2Of. . On the other hand, at the step 32 of the petal-shaped movable roof 20a, there is a driving roller 36 that contacts the upper surface of the guide rail 34, a pair of horizontal rollers 38, 38 that move along the side of the T-shaped guide rail 34, and a pair of horizontal rollers 38, 38 that move along the side of the T-shaped guide rail 34. A pair of vertical rollers 40,40 are pivoted for rotation in a horizontal plane, rolling along the lower surface of the roller. A set of five rollers 36, 38, and 40 are provided at two other two vertices (Y, Z) of the petal-shaped movable roof 20a. A set of rollers 36, 38, 40 on the apex Y side are connected to the bin 22.
The set of rollers 36, 38, 40 on the apex Z side are located at approximately R2 in a straight line distance from the bin 22 in this embodiment, but can be set arbitrarily. You can also. Furthermore, a guide rail 35 similar to the guide rail 34 described above is laid on the fixed roof 16, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5. The height of the guide rail 35 is adjusted so that it is on the same spherical surface as the guide rail 34, and is curved into an arc shape of R2 at a straight distance from the bin 22 in plan view. This corresponds to the rotation trajectory of the rollers 36, 38, and 40 on the Z side. In the retractable dome roof constructed as described above, the drive roller 36 is powered by, for example, an electric motor or compressed air. Each petal-shaped movable roof 20a to 20 is rotatably driven by hydraulic pressure or the like.
When f is simultaneously rotated toward the center of the aperture 18,
Since the petal-shaped movable roofs 20a to 2Or are assembled with each other at different levels, one supports the other, and the opening 18 is closed to complete a spherical dome roof, as shown in FIG. When the driving roller 36 is reversely rotated from the closed state to simultaneously move the petal-shaped roofs 20a to 2Of outward, the opening 18 can be opened as shown in FIG. To explain in more detail the state during movement, FIG. 6 shows the rotation locus of the two petal-shaped movable roofs 20a and 2Of. That is, when the movable roofs 20a and 2Of move simultaneously in the directions of the arrows at the same speed, the set rollers 36, 38, 40 pivotally supported at both ends of the movable roof 20a move from Ao→A, →A2→A3°BO, respectively. Move →B, →B2 →B3. On the other hand, the guide rail 34 installed on the movable roof 2Of moves CO-+ (:,
, → C2 → C3, but since these trajectories are such that the rollers 36, 38, and 40 do not come off the guide rail 34, the movable roof 20a is constantly moved during movement.
is 3 with a bin 22 and two sets of rollers 36, 38, and 40.
Stable movement with point support. In addition, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG.
Although there is a slight gap in the center when the roof is closed, this part can be covered by any of the petal-shaped movable roofs 2Qa to 2Of. In addition, the overall shape of the structure is not limited to that described above,
Of course, other shapes may also be used. FIGS. 8 to 11 show other embodiments of the present invention, and only the features thereof will be described below. That is, in the retractable dome roof shown in these figures, the number of petal-shaped movable roofs 20 is 4, 5, 7, and 8, respectively, and the shape of the petal-shaped movable roof 20 is slightly different from the above embodiment. It's a difference. 8 and 9, the bins 22.
Set the angle between the two to 90° and 72°, and
A straight line portion β touching the opening 18 clockwise from the bottle 22
4 is extended, an arcuate side β5 is provided from the end of the straight part to the opening 18 side, and an arcuate side β6 of approximately radius R extends outward from the bottle 22, and these sides β5. Inwardly curved arc side connecting ρ5! It consists of 7. A set of rollers 36, 38.40 are provided at the vertices Y and Z, respectively.
A guide rail 34 is provided on the arcuate side 15, and a guide rail 35 is provided on the fixed roof 16 so as to correspond to each set of rollers. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the number of petal-shaped movable roofs is larger than in the above embodiment, and
2 is set at intervals of approximately 51.4° and 45°, and each petal-shaped movable roof is the straight part of the one shown in Figures 8 and 9!
4 is extended in the counterclockwise direction, and the Z apex side is partially cut out, and the other configurations are substantially the same as the embodiments described above. Even in a petal-shaped movable roof with six or more panels or lower panels constructed as described above, the opening 18 can be opened and closed by operating in the same manner as in the above embodiment. (Effects of the Invention) As described above in detail in the embodiments, in the retractable dome roof according to the present invention, the petal-shaped movable roof is simultaneously moved and can be opened and closed in a short time. In addition, if it is closed off with a petal-shaped movable roof, lighting can be reflected, making it possible to use it for multiple purposes. Furthermore, in the summer, the roof can be closed off to block direct sunlight, while in the middle of the season or on sunny days, the roof can be partially or fully opened to allow competitions to take place under the sky, allowing competitions to be held regardless of the weather. I can do it. 4. Brief explanation of the drawings Figure 1 is a plan view of the roof of the present invention in an open state, Figure 2 is a sectional view of the same essential parts, Figure 3 is an explanatory diagram of the state between movable roofs, and Figure 4 is a diagram of the movable roof. FIG. 5 is a plan view of a state in which the movable roof is closed, FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the rotation locus of the movable roof, and FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the curvature of the roof. 8 to 11 show other embodiments of the present invention, in which (a) is a plan view of the open state, and (a) is a plan view of the open state;
b) is a plan view of the closed state; 1o...Outside wall 12...Stand 14...Field 16...
Fixed roof 18... Frontage 20a-20 [... Petal-shaped movable roof 22...
...Pin 30.32...Step 3
4...Guide rail 36...Drive roller 38...Horizontal roller 40...Vertical roller Patent applicant Hitorin Corporation Agent Patent attorney - Kensuke Shiro Figure 1 procedural amendment (voluntary) October 1985 238 Director General of the Patent Office Michibe Uga 1, Indication of the case 1985 Patent Application No. 127089 2, Name of the invention Retractable dome roof 3, Amendment Relationship with the case of a person who does
054) Obayashi Co., Ltd. Representative Director Yoshi Obayashi Department 4, Agent address: 4th floor, Okana Building 2, 1-24-16 Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo Name (7128) Patent attorney - Ken Iro
5. Subject of amendment (1) Column 6 of "Detailed description of the invention" of the amended specification submitted on October 11, 1985, Contents of amendment

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A fixed roof whose peripheral edge is fixed to an erected outer wall,
The fixed roof has a circular opening formed in the center and a plurality of petal-shaped movable roofs rotatably pivoted near the opening edge, and the petal-shaped movable roofs are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction. A retractable dome roof, characterized in that the movable roofs are assembled vertically in different levels, and each petal-shaped movable roof is simultaneously driven to rotate so that the opening can be opened and closed. (2) The fixed roof and the petal-shaped movable roof are bent to different curvatures of the same spherical center, and the rotation center of each petal-shaped roof is oriented toward the center of the spherical surface. A retractable dome roof according to claim 1. (3) One of the petal-shaped movable roofs combined at different levels is provided with a guide rail roughly following the petal shape, and the end of the other petal-shaped movable roof is engaged with this guide rail and rotates. The retractable dome roof according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a pair of driven rollers.