JPS6128410B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an apparatus for continuously drawing steel wire.

To make the steel wire thinner continuously, the common method is to pass it through a die with a predetermined diameter and wind it around a rotating drum. It is necessary to line up a number of combinations of dies and winding machines, and if a wire breaks during operation, productivity will be significantly reduced, and the equipment will be complex and large-scale, so it requires great skill to coordinate the work. is required.

On the other hand, as a simpler method than the above method, the conform extrusion method is known as a continuous extrusion method that processes non-ferrous soft metals such as aluminum using frictional force, but the material pressing mechanism of this method is called a shoe. The main component is a one-piece, high-strength metal material.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of an embodiment of a device used in the conventional means, in which the material 1 is a guide roll 5, 5'
By applying a pressing force to the integral shoe 4, the material 1 is introduced into the groove of the wheel 2 having a cross-sectional shape as illustrated in FIG. 2. do. That is, examples of wheel groove cross-sectional shapes are as shown in FIGS. 2 a to b, and the material 1 and shoe 4 are pressed together to fill the grooves provided in the wheel 2 and have the cross-sectional shapes shown in the figures, thereby reducing friction. It generates force.

By rotating the wheel 2, the material 1 is moved along the outer periphery of the wheel 2 due to the frictional force generated on the contact surface with the groove of the wheel 2, and is extruded as a product through the die 3.

However, such a one-piece shoe requires extensive processing and heat treatment, making it difficult to manufacture. In addition, if local wear occurs in a part of the shoe, the entire shoe must be replaced, making the replacement large-scale and complicated, and the pressing contact length of the material cannot be changed, making it unnecessarily long. It was hot. Furthermore, since the one-piece shoe has high rigidity, the pressing force may vary depending on changes in the diameter of the material, which may result in unstable work.

Furthermore, the conventional means utilizes the frictional force generated by crushing the material and filling the wheel groove and keeping the material under extremely large hydrostatic pressure, so it is difficult to provide sufficient pressing force against the yield stress of the material. is required, making the pressing mechanism complicated and large-scale. Therefore, the above-mentioned conventional means has not been applied to materials such as steel wires in which it is difficult to apply a sufficient pressing force to the yield stress of the material. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the die 3 of the conventional method has a material reservoir, and in this part dead metal D, that is, the material that is stagnant in the die 3 and not extruded, is formed.
Frictional heat generated between this dead metal D and the material 1 flowing into the die 3 is used to perform heavy machining, but the conventional die described above is capable of processing non-ferrous soft metals such as aluminum, and steel wire If this is done on a material that cannot provide a sufficient pressing force for the yield stress of the material, such as, the die and shoe will not be able to withstand it.

The present invention eliminates the drawbacks of the above-mentioned conventional means and makes it possible to apply such means to steel wire, by applying a pulling force at the front of the die and a pushing force at the rear. The object of the present invention is to provide a drawing machine that enables high surface reduction processing without breakage and that can effectively generate pushing force.

That is, in the present invention, the wheel to be rotationally driven has a V-shaped or trapezoidal wheel groove on the outer periphery in which the groove bottom angle θ into which the processed steel wire fits is 40°≦θ≦90°, and the steel wire is inserted into the wheel groove. The shoe to be pressed against the wheel groove is separated into a plurality of segments each having an independently controllable pressing mechanism, and a die having a tapered hole with a die half angle of 45° or less is formed adjacent to the end of the shoe. A winding machine is installed in front of the winding machine, and the steel wire can be continuously processed by the pushing force generated by the rotation of the wheel and the pressing of the shoe, and the pulling force of the winding machine. This is a continuous steel wire drawing machine.

Further, there is provided a continuous drawing machine for steel wire, in which the shoe of the invention is made of ceramic, and the pressing mechanism of the invention has a built-in spring in each segment and a mechanism for transmitting pressing force to the material via the spring. It is.

The present invention will be explained in detail below.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the mechanism of the present invention, and FIGS. 6 a and 6 b are schematic diagrams showing the cross-sectional shape of the wheel groove in the present invention, 2 is a rotary driven wheel, 5 and 5' are This guide roll is used to introduce the material 1 into the groove provided in the wheel 2 and the segment 6 provided in the pressing mechanism 7. In this case, a pushing force is generated by the frictional force between the groove of the wheel 2 and the segment 6, so the material 1 moves along the outer periphery of the wheel 2. Further, 3' is a die having a tapered hole, and 9 is a winding machine capable of applying a pulling force to the material 1.

In this case, by adopting a V-shaped or trapezoidal groove cross-sectional shape of the wheel 2, the material 1
Compared to conventional means for non-ferrous soft metals such as aluminum, as shown in Figure 2 a, b, and c, which generate frictional force on the contact surface between the grooves of the wheel 2 and the grooves of the wheel 2, the material does not fill the grooves of the wheel 2. Even material 1 and wheel 2
Since a frictional force is generated on the contact surface with the groove, the pressing mechanism 7 can be made small and simple, and even the material 1 which is difficult to apply a sufficient pressing force to the yield stress of the material 1 can be extruded. It becomes possible.

However, when the cross-sectional shape of the groove of the wheel 2 is trapezoidal, when the material 1 is in contact with both the groove side surface and the groove bottom surface of the wheel 2 as shown in FIG. 7, the friction generated on the groove bottom surface of the wheel 2. Since the force is approximately equal to the frictional force generated in segment 6,
The frictional force generated on the groove side surface of the wheel 2, which acts as a pushing force, becomes smaller, and the effect of the present invention becomes smaller.
Therefore, when the cross-sectional shape of the groove of the wheel 2 is trapezoidal, the material 1 is attached to the wheel 2 as shown in FIG.
It is preferable to contact only the side surfaces of the groove. Also, the pushing force is the difference between the frictional force generated between the material 1 and the wheel 2 and the frictional force generated between the material 1 and the segment 6, but the material 1 is mild steel with a diameter of 10 mm and the radius of the wheel 2 is 250 mm. , the wheel drive motor
100kw, the material feed speed is 50m/min, the segment 6 has the shape shown in Figure 6a, the pressing force P of the segment 6 is 29ton, the pressing force F, and the wheel 2.
When the groove bottom angle θ is, the pressing force P of the segment 6 is
The relationship between the pushing force F and the groove bottom angle θ of the wheel 2 when is constant is shown in FIG. 8, and when the groove bottom angle θ of the wheel 2 becomes an acute angle, the pushing force F becomes significantly large.

That is, the pressing mechanism becomes small and simple, and the pressing force P is sufficient for the yield stress of the material 1.
Even the material 1, which is difficult to give, can be extruded. Moreover, even if such a relationship is implemented under similar conditions other than the above conditions, similar results can be obtained. As seen in the figure, when the groove bottom angle θ of the wheel 2 is set to 40°≦θ≦90°, the wheel 2 can be grooved, and furthermore, steel wire can be extruded. On the other hand, when the groove bottom angle θ of the wheel 2 is smaller than 40°, the pushing force F becomes even larger, but it becomes difficult to process the groove of the wheel 2, and even if the material 1 has a slight dimensional variation, the material 1 This causes a large movement in the depth direction of the groove of the wheel 2, which causes the pressing force from the segment 6 to the material 1 to fluctuate.

Note that when the groove bottom angle θ exceeds 90°, it becomes easier to groove the wheel 2, but as shown in Fig. 8, the pushing force F becomes small, so it is necessary to apply sufficient pressure against the yield stress of the material 1. If the material 1 is difficult to apply force P to, extrusion processing becomes difficult.

Next, segment 6 is made of alumina, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, high-pressure synthesized boron nitride, and a composite of metal and ceramics, which have excellent heat and wear resistance to prevent softening and local wear caused by frictional heat. It is preferable that the material be made of ceramic such as cermet.
It may be manufactured from a metal material having the above properties. Further, adjacent segments may be in contact with each other, or may be processed to the curvature of the material 1 so that the material 1 can be moved stably, and the introduction side of the material 1 may be arranged so that the material 1 can be introduced smoothly. It is desirable that it be chamfered so that it can be easily removed.

In this case, adopting a mechanism that is separated into multiple segments 6 is easier to manufacture as it can be processed on a smaller scale compared to the one-piece shoe 4, and it is easier to manufacture when parts become worn. This is because it is easy to do.

Furthermore, with such a divided structure, the pressing contact length required for extrusion can be arbitrarily changed depending on the material 1, and since the pressing force is applied correctly in the axial direction of the wheel 2, uniform pressure can be applied.

This prevents slippage between the material 1 and the material 1 when it is drawn in by the wheel 2, and enables stable extrusion.

It is also possible to gradually increase the pressure in the direction of the die 3', thereby making it possible to prevent buckling of the material 1 due to the axial compressive force. In this case, various means such as a hydraulic cylinder, a screw, or pneumatic pressure can be used as the pressing mechanism 7, but especially when a hydraulic cylinder is used, a strong force is easily generated and the necessary pressing force cannot be controlled. It is possible.

FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view of a pressing portion showing an embodiment in which a spring 8 is built into each segment 6. That is, by inserting the spring 8 between the segment 6 and the pressing mechanism 7, the rigidity can be lowered, and fluctuations in the pressing pressure when the wheel 2 rotates due to changes in the diameter of the material can be absorbed, and stable operation can be achieved. Ru.

In addition, the hole shape of the die 3' is made into a tapered hole with a die half angle of 45 degrees or less, because by doing so, significant dead metal is not formed as in conventional means, and heat generation is suppressed. Therefore, the life of the die 3' and the segment 6 is increased.If the half angle of the die exceeds 45 degrees, a significant amount of dead metal is formed and heat generation cannot be suppressed as in the conventional method. This is because the lifespan of

The effects of the present invention will be illustrated in more detail with reference to Examples below.

The material is 10mmφ mild steel and the yield stress is 20Kg/mm ²
It is. The wheel radius is 250 mm, the cross-sectional shape of the wheel groove is V-shaped with a groove bottom angle of 60°, the center angle of the part where the shoes contact the material with respect to the center of the wheel, that is, α shown in Fig. 4 is 180°, and there are 8 shoes (in the drawing). In this case, the segments were composed of 5 silicon carbide ceramics, and the length of each segment was 92 mm. The pressing mechanism uses a hydraulic cylinder, the pressing force is 3.6 tons per segment, and the pulling force is 80% of the yield stress.
And so.

The wheel drive motor was 100kw, and the material feed speed was 50m/min. As a result, the material is up to
It was possible to process it to 4.5mmφ, and the area reduction rate reached almost 80%. This is more than three times more efficient than conventional drawing, which could only reduce the area by about 30%.

As described above, the present invention overcomes the drawback of the cross-sectional shape of the wheel groove of the conventional means and makes it possible to continuously extrude steel wire. It is clear that it is also applicable to a material filled with a nonmetallic substance or a different metal, and has great industrial value.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a conventional means;
Figures a, b, and c are schematic diagrams showing examples of cross-sectional shapes of wheel grooves of conventional means, Figure 3 is an explanatory diagram showing how dead metal is formed, Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing the mechanism of the present invention, and Figure 5 is a schematic diagram showing examples of wheel groove cross-sectional shapes. Partially enlarged view of an embodiment example showing a pressing mechanism with a built-in spring in each segment, No. 6
Figures a and b are schematic diagrams showing examples of wheel groove cross-sectional shapes according to the present invention, Figure 7 is a schematic diagram showing other aspects of wheel groove cross-sectional shapes according to the present invention, and Figure 8 is a schematic diagram showing examples of wheel groove cross-sectional shapes according to the present invention. It is an explanatory diagram for explaining an effect. 1 is a raw material, 2 is a wheel, 3 is a die, 3' is a taper die, 4 is a shoe, 5 and 5' are guide rolls, 6 is a segment, 7 is a pressing mechanism, 8 is a spring, and 9 is a winding machine.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. The wheel to be rotationally driven has a V-shaped or trapezoidal wheel groove on the outer periphery in which the groove bottom angle θ into which the processed steel wire is fitted satisfies 40°≦θ≦90°; The shoe for pressing the wire into the wheel groove is separated into a plurality of segments each having an independently controllable pressing mechanism, and a die having a tapered hole with a die half angle of 45° or less adjacent to the end of the shoe. A winding machine is installed in front of the winding machine, and the steel wire can be continuously processed by the pushing force generated by the rotation of the wheel and the pressing of the shoe, and the pulling force of the winding machine. A continuous drawing machine for steel wire. 2. The continuous steel wire drawing machine according to claim 1, wherein the shoe is made of ceramic. 3. Continuous drawing of steel wire according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pressing mechanism has a built-in spring in each segment and transmits pressing force to the material via the spring. Machine.