JP2728965B2 - Continuous drawing equipment for metal wire or metal tube - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a continuous drawing device for a metal wire or a metal tube, and more particularly to a drawing device for a difficult-to-machine metal, a deformed metal wire, and a composite wire.

[Prior art] In order to continuously thin a metal wire, a drawing method in which a metal wire is wound around a rotating drum through a die having a predetermined diameter is generally used. In this method, the surface is reduced by 20 to 30% to reduce the material. In order to make it thinner, it is necessary to arrange many combinations of dies and winding machines, and if disconnection occurs during operation, the productivity will be remarkably reduced and the equipment will be complicated and large, so adjustment of work will be necessary. To do so requires a great deal of skill.
On the other hand, as a simpler means than the above means, there is known a conform extrusion method which is a continuous extrusion means for processing a non-ferrous soft metal such as aluminum by using a frictional force. The main component is a member using a so-called high-strength metal material.

However, such a one-piece shoe requires a large amount of processing and heat treatment, and if local wear occurs on a part of the shoe, the entire shoe must be replaced, which makes replacement large and complicated. There was a disadvantage that it could not be changed and became unnecessarily long. Also,
The integral shoe has high rigidity, and the pressing force fluctuates according to the fluctuation of the material, which may cause unstable work.

Furthermore, in the conventional means, since the frictional force generated by crushing the material to fill the wheel groove and keeping it under a very large hydrostatic pressure is used, sufficient pressing force against the yield stress of the material is used. And the pressing mechanism becomes large. Therefore, the above-mentioned conventional means has not been applied to a material, such as a steel wire, in which it is difficult to give a sufficient pressing force against the yield stress. Also,
In the die of the conventional means, there is a material storage part, and in this part, a dead metal, that is, a material that is stagnant in the die and is not extruded, is formed, and between the dead metal and the material flowing into the die. Although strong working is performed using the generated frictional heat, the above-mentioned conventional dies can be applied to non-ferrous soft metals such as aluminum and give sufficient pressing force against the yield stress of the material such as steel wire. If this is done for materials that cannot be made, the dies and shoes will be unbearable.

In view of such circumstances, Japanese Patent Application No. 57-150729 includes:
A drawing machine is shown that enables such means to be applied to steel wires. That is, according to the invention, the wheel to be rotationally driven has a V-shaped or trapezoidal-shaped wheel groove having a groove base angle of 40 ° to 90 ° at which the processed steel wire fits in the outer peripheral portion, and the steel wire is The shoe pressed against the groove is separated into a plurality of segments having a pressing mechanism, and a die is formed adjacent to the end of the shoe, a winder is installed in front of it, and the rotation of the wheel and the pressing of the shoe A continuous drawing machine for a steel wire, characterized in that the steel wire can be continuously processed by the generated pushing force and the drawing force of the winding machine. However, the winder in front of the material shown in the invention gives a tensile force to the material and plays a role of assisting the processing in the die. In such equipment, the material is formed by the cylindrical portion of the winder. When the product is used as it is long, for example, it is used for bridge cables or wire mesh, it is fine, but when it is used by cutting it into a linear product and cutting it to an appropriate length It is not easy to turn it into a straight line once it has been wound. This is particularly problematic in the case of high-strength materials, and it is a difficult task to remove the curl in the winding. In addition, when a material having an irregular cross-sectional shape such as an L-shape or a star shape is wound instead of a circular cross-section, the shape may be distorted, and the cross-sectional shape may not be restored later.
This is also true for thin metal tubes.

In such a case, it is necessary to pull the material straight, but the draw bench used for pulling out the straight bar can be pulled out linearly for a limited length, but the chuck that grips the material again It must be replaced with the material, and continuous processing is not possible. In addition, there is a device developed by Schmag in West Germany as a device capable of continuous linear drawing. In this method, two sets of material pulling mechanisms are used alternately.In the case of drawing, stable operation is possible only by pulling in front of the die. Since there is no mechanism to control the forward tension to a constant value, the processed material is disconnected if the tensile force is too large, or the extrusion force is too large if the tensile force is insufficient, causing the material to buckle, etc. It becomes possible.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In the present invention, in order to continuously produce a linear product by greatly reducing the cross-sectional area of a linear or tubular material, there are obstacles to product disconnection, material buckling, and dimensional irregularity. It aims to solve problems such as stability and curling.

[Means for Solving the Problems] That is, according to the present invention, a rotationally driven wheel has a groove in which a material fits in an outer peripheral portion, and a plurality of shoes for pressing the material against the wheel groove are hydraulically or springly pressed. In addition to being divided into segments,
A die is formed adjacent to the end of the shoe, and the material that has passed through the die is applied by a pair of connecting shoes that are rotationally driven by providing a part that moves in parallel with the axis in front of the die hole center. A tensioning machine that continuously applies a controlled tensile force to the material at a constant value in the range of 0.2 to 0.9 times the tensile strength after the material is processed by a mechanism for holding the pressure and for pinching and pulling out the material, and rotating the wheel. A continuous drawing device for a metal wire or a metal tube, characterized in that a continuous processing of a material can be performed by a combination of a pushing force generated by pressing of a shoe and a shoe and a pulling force of a pulling machine.

As an example of a mechanism for applying the pulling force to the material, a groove in which the material fits along the axis on the outer surface of a pair of connecting shoes that is provided with a portion that moves in parallel with the axis of the center of the die hole and is driven to rotate. The one of the pair of connecting shoes is pressed by a hydraulic cylinder or a spring via a plurality of roller conveyors, and the other is supported by a reaction force plate via the roller conveyor, thereby pressing the material. A configuration that can be held is conceivable.

 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

[Operation] FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the drawing equipment according to the present invention. The material 1 coming out of the uncoiler 2 enters between the outer peripheral portion of the wheel 4 and the shoe 5 via the guide roll 3 and when the wheel 4 is rotated while being pressed by the hydraulic cylinder 6, the die guide 7 From the die 8. Further, the material 1 is pressed and held by a pair of connecting shoes 10, 10 'in front of the die, and furthermore, the connecting shoes are rotationally driven to give a forward tension for working. In this case, it is effective that the connecting shoes 10, 10 'have an arc-shaped groove or the like for grasping the material 1 from the surface.

Further, in this case, the pressure holding is performed by pressing one connecting shoe 10 by the hydraulic cylinder 11 via the roller conveyor 12 and the other connecting shoe 10 'also by the reaction force plate 13' via the roller conveyor 12 '. It has a structure that can be supported. By holding the material 1 under pressure, it is a mechanism for applying a pulling force from the front of the processing die 8. In this case, the propulsive force is given to the material 1 by the energy of the drive motor 16 rotating the pair of connecting shoes 10, 10 'via the reduction gear 15, sprockets 14, 14'. Therefore, material 1 and a pair of connecting shoes 1
Due to the frictional force generated between the dies 8 and
A forward pulling force is applied to the blank 1. Also, by controlling the pressure by the hydraulic cylinder 11 or the like arbitrarily, it is possible to apply a frictional force required for pulling out between the material 1 and the connecting shoes 10, 10 '.

The pinch pulling-out mechanism 9 can apply a constant tensile force by controlling the torque of the drive motor 16 with respect to the material.

Here, the tensile force is 0.2 to 0.2% of the tensile strength after material processing.
If it is smaller than this range, the pushing force applied behind the die must be increased, causing problems such as buckling, and conversely, if it is larger than this range, there is a risk of disconnection It is.

On the other hand, if the wheel is rotating at the required speed,
Of the work required for material processing, the drawing always shares a constant work, so the remaining almost constant work is shared, and stable operation is possible.

FIG. 1 shows a pair of connecting shoes 10 and 10 ′ having a pinch and pull-out function. Particularly, at the time of high reduction in area of a high-strength steel wire, it is necessary to increase the pull-out force. The pressure holding force per pair may be reduced by installing a plurality of pairs of connecting shoes.

2 (a), (b) and (c) show examples of the shapes of the wheel outer peripheral groove and the shoe groove. Although the groove of the wheel has a V-shape as shown in these figures, it is easy to follow a change in the material size, but another arc or trapezoidal groove may be used. The shoe-side groove can be stably manufactured according to the shape of the material, but other shapes may be used. Also the second
FIG. 3C shows a case where a number of rolls 17 are arranged in the shoe portion in the direction in contact with the material, and according to this method, the frictional force that the material receives from the shoe can be greatly reduced.

FIG. 3 shows a state in which the material is sandwiched between the connecting shoes 10 and 10 'of the tensioning machine, and (a), (b) and (c) show products having a circular cross section, a triangular cross section and a square cross section, respectively. Fig. 4 shows a state in which the sheet is sandwiched by chucks having compatible grooves.

With such a device, a large reduction in surface area can be achieved by a combination of a pushing force and a pulling force, so that heat generated by deformation of the material and heat generated by friction between the material and the tool cannot be ignored. In such a case, it is desirable to provide a water cooling pipe in the die or wheel.

The material is almost straight after being processed, but if higher precision linearity is required, it may be passed through a continuous straightening machine. Furthermore, if it is necessary to cut to a limited length, a flying shear may be provided.

If the die guide 7 is set before entering the die 8 in FIG. 1, the material can be easily introduced.

[Example] As a material, a coil of a solid S53C rolled wire having a circular cross section with a diameter of 10.2 mm was used, and metal soap was added to a phosphate coating for lubrication. Wheel radius is 250mm, wheel groove cross-sectional shape is 5.1mm, the center angle of the arc-shaped shoe in contact with the material is 180 degrees with respect to the wheel center, and the shoe is coated with vanadium carbide on four die steels. It consisted of segments. A hydraulic cylinder is used for the shoe pressing mechanism, and the pressing force is 2.
4, 2.4, 3.6, and 3.6 tonf. Wheel rotation speed is 20
rpm. The pulling force was controlled to 1.6 tonf by controlling the torque of the connecting shoe.

The material was wound on a coil. The resulting material is 5.7mm in diameter
Could be processed. The area reduction rate at this time reached 68.8%. On the other hand, in the conventional drawing step, processing could not be performed unless it was repeated three times, and a cap peak crack was generated in the third drawing, so that a product could not be produced. As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible not only to improve the efficiency three times but also to manufacture a product that cannot be processed by the conventional technology.

[Effect of the Invention] When the cross-sectional area of a metal wire or a metal tube is reduced, according to the present invention, the tensile load is reduced by the action of the indentation load behind the material, so that the tensile fracture is prevented, and the indentation load and The superimposition of the tensile load can provide a large cross-sectional area reduction rate. As a result, it can be processed in a much smaller number of times than in the case of repeatedly drawing using a conventional wire drawing machine, so that annealing, scale reduction, pre-setting,
Work such as die exchange can be greatly reduced, and productivity is remarkably improved. Further, since the stress generated in the material being processed is mainly composed of the compressive stress, the material of the finished product is far superior to the case where the drawing is repeated.

Further, since the pulling load is controlled to be a constant value, the pushing load is stable, and the buckling of the material and the dimensional change of the product hardly occur. Furthermore, according to the present invention, the cross-sectional area reduction rate during processing can be increased,
It is easy to come out of a complicated shaped bar with a deformed cross section, and it is possible to manufacture what used to be repeatedly manufactured by drawing repeatedly with far fewer steps, and even to those with complicated shapes that were previously considered impossible to manufacture Manufacturable. Furthermore, if it is used to reduce the cross-sectional area of a composite material in which the outer layer and the inner part are made of different materials, not only the productivity is high, but also the cross-sectional area reduction rate is high, so that a strong pressure acts on the interface and the A high bonding force can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
FIGS. 3 (b) and 3 (c) are views showing examples of the cross section of the wheel and shoe used in the present invention, and FIGS. 3 (a), 3 (b) and 3 (c).
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a cross section of a connecting shoe. 1 ... metal wire or metal tube 2 ... uncoiler 3 ...
Guide roll, 4 ... wheel, 5 ... shoes, 6 ...
Hydraulic cylinder, 7 Die guide, 8 Dice, 9
... Tensioner, 10, 10 '... Connection shoe, 11 ... Hydraulic cylinder, 12, 12' ... Roller conveyor, 13 ... Reaction plate, 14,14 '... Sprocket, 15 ... Reducer, 16 ……
Drive motor, 17 ... Shoe roll.

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A wheel which is driven to rotate has a groove in which a material fits in an outer peripheral portion, and a shoe for pressing the material into the wheel groove is constituted by a plurality of segments which are pressed by hydraulic pressure or a spring. In addition to having a mechanism to push the material into the die, a die is formed adjacent to the end of the shoe, and a place is provided where the material that has passed through the die is partially translated with the axis in front of the center of the die hole mold. By a mechanism for pinching and pulling out the material pressed and held by a pair of connecting shoes driven to rotate, the tensile force controlled to a constant value in the range of 0.2 to 0.9 times the tensile strength after the material processing is continuously applied. A tensioning machine is applied to the material, and the combination of the pushing force generated by the rotation of the wheel and the pressing of the shoe and the pulling force of the tensioning machine causes Characterized in that the connection processing is configurable, continuous withdrawal device of metal wire or metal tube. 2. A pair of connecting shoes, which are provided with a portion that moves partially in parallel with the axis of the center of the processing die hole mold and have a groove in which a material fits along the axis on the outer surface of the pair of connecting shoes that are driven to rotate. One of them is via multiple roller conveyors,
Hydraulic cylinder or pressed by a spring, the other is supported by a reaction force plate via a roller conveyor, and by holding the material under pressure, it is configured by a mechanism that applies tensile force to the material in front of the die The continuous drawing device for a metal wire or a metal tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: