JPS61283524A - Simplified extruder - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable to easily separate a cylinder only by disengaging one kind of coupling parts by a constitution wherein the titled extruder consists of a screw, a basic body parts, a first engaging part, a cylinder, a second engaging part and coupling parts, which energize the second engaging part toward the first engaging part side. CONSTITUTION:The titled extruder consists of a screw 1 equipped with a drive 24, a basic body part 2, on which the screw 1 is rotatingly held, a first engaging part 3, which is detachably fixed to the basic body part 2 and has a raw material feeding port 32 piercing the wall part normal to an axis hole 31, a cylinder 4, which pressingly abuts against the tip side of the first engaging part and in which the screw 1 is inserted, a second engaging part 5, which pressingly abuts against the tip side of the cylinder and has a nozzle hole, and coupling parts. When the coupling parts 60-62 energizing the second engaging part 5 toward the first engaging part 3 side are disengaged or only one kind of the coupling parts is disengaged, the cylinder 4 can be easily separated from the first engaging part 3. Similarly, the assembling of the cylinder 4 becomes also easy.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to a simple extruder with a simple structure.

The present invention can be utilized in an extruder for extrusion molding unvulcanized compounded rubber, thermosetting resin, and the like.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, an extruder for plasticizing and extruding unvulcanized rubber compound has a screw 100 and a speed reducer 1, as shown in FIG.
01a, chain>101b, a base portion 10 that has a drive device 101 that drives the screw 100 via a sprocket 100a and rotatably holds the screw 100.
2, a liner 103 into which the screw 100 is inserted,
A cylinder 104 having a flange portion 104a attached to the base portion 102 and having a raw material input hole 104c, and a cylinder 1
The main component is a head 106 attached to a flange portion 104b on the distal end side of 04 with bolts 111.

Note that in the extruder described above, the liner 103 is connected to the cylinder 1.
It is fitted into the center hole of 04. Also, screw 100
The rear end portion is rotatably supported by the base portion 102 via a thrust bearing 108 and an oil seal 109.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In the conventional extruder described above, in order to separate the cylinder 104, the bolts 111 for attaching the head 106 are removed to remove the head 106 from the cylinder 104, and the bolts 111 for attaching the cylinder 104 are removed. Remove the bolts 110 and remove the base part 10.
I had to remove cylinder 104' from 2.

That is, the bolt 111 for attaching the head 106 and the cylinder 1
It was necessary to remove two types of joints with the bolts 110 for attaching the 04, which made the work more troublesome and time consuming.

Furthermore, in the conventional extruder described above, twisting force is likely to act on the cylinder 104 when the screw 100 is driven to rotate. Therefore, in order to prevent damage to the cylinder 104, the cylinder 10
4 had to be made thicker. Like this cylinder 1
In conventional extruders, the 04 is thicker and heavier,
For reasons such as the fact that it became troublesome to precisely finish the central hole into which the screw 100 is inserted, a liner 103, which is a separate precision-machined member, had to be fitted separately into the cylinder 104.

The present invention was made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and its purpose is to provide a simple extruder that can separate cylinders more easily than conventional extruders.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a simple extruder in which a liner can be omitted when a sensor is provided.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The simple extruder of the present invention has a screw, a drive device for driving the screw, a base portion that rotatably holds the screw, and a base portion that is detachably attached to the base portion. a first locking part that is fixed to the screw 3 and has a shaft hole through which the screw 3 passes and a raw material input hole that penetrates the wall in a direction intersecting the shaft hole; is,
a cylinder into which the screw is inserted; a second locking part that is pressed into contact with the distal end side of the cylinder and has a nozzle hole; a second locking part that is interposed between the first locking part and the second locking part; The present invention is characterized in that the second locking portion is configured with a coupling portion that biases the second locking portion toward the first locking portion.

The screw is a rotating body that has the function of supplying raw materials such as unvulcanized compounded rubber and thermosetting resin toward the tip.

The screw usually has the function of plasticizing the raw material by rotation. Typical screws include a rotating body with screw-like grooves on its surface, or a shearing mandrel with a long cylindrical shape and a smooth outer surface. When the shearing mandrel rotates, it applies mechanical shearing force to the raw material inside the cylinder, and the raw material is heated by the frictional heat generated at this time. Further, as the screw, a vent type screw may be used in order to discharge moisture, air, etc. contained in the raw material.

The base portion is a member that rotatably holds the screw. The base portion typically rotatably supports the rear end portion of the screw. The base portion has a drive device for driving the screw. A typical drive device is an electric motor. In this case, a transmission mechanism such as a chino, sprocket, gear, etc., a speed reduction mechanism such as a worm gear, etc. are provided as necessary. For example, as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a worm wheel may be provided at the rear end of the screw as a speed reduction mechanism, and a worm may be provided that meshes with the worm wheel.

The first locking portion has an axial hole through which the screw passes, and a raw material input hole that penetrates through the wall in a direction intersecting the axial hole. It is preferable that the front end side of the first locking part has a recess that fits into the rear end of the cylinder in the axial direction. In this way, the cylinder can be easily positioned.

The first locking portion is detachably fixed to the base portion. The structure for removably fixing the first locking portion may be a structure such as bolt tightening.

The cylinder is a member that is separate from the first locking portion and has the function of housing the screw. This cylinder has an insertion hole into which a screw is inserted, and is usually elongated. The rear end portion of the cylinder in the axial direction is pressed into contact with the front end side of the first locking portion. In this case, generally, the rear end of the cylinder in the axial direction is fitted into the recess on the distal end side of the first locking part and comes into direct pressing contact, but in some cases, the rear end of the cylinder in the axial direction interposing a sealing material between and the recess,
The rear end portion may be pressed into contact with the recess through a sealing material. It is preferable that the sealing material has heat resistance. It is preferable that the end surface of the rear end portion of the cylinder in the axial direction be a smooth surface with high precision.

By the way, the cylinder can be as simple as a regular seamless steel pipe with its inner surface ground.

The thickness of this cylinder is set appropriately depending on the type of raw material, the type of joint, etc., but it is slightly smaller than the thickness of the liner 103 inserted into the cylinder 104 used in the conventional extruder shown in FIG. It can also be made thicker. A heating device such as a band heater can also be attached to the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder. The heating device is used to keep and raise the temperature of the raw materials inside the cylinder.

The second locking portion is separate from the cylinder and has a nozzle hole through which the raw material extruded by the screw is discharged. It is preferable that the second locking portion has a recess that fits into the axial end portion of the cylinder.

The second locking portion is pressed into contact with the axial end portion of the cylinder. In this case, generally, the recess of the second locking part is fitted into the axial tip of the cylinder and then pressed directly, but in some cases, a sealing material is placed between the tip and the recess. It is also possible to intervene. It is preferable that the sealing material has heat resistance as described above. In addition, it is preferable that the part of the second locking part that presses into contact with the axial end part of the cylinder has a smooth surface with high precision.

The coupling portion is interposed between the first locking portion and the second locking portion, and biases the second locking portion toward the first locking portion.
This is a member that connects the locking portion and the cylinder to the first locking portion. It is preferable that the biasing force of the joint can be adjusted as appropriate. A combination of a bolt and a nut is an example of a coupling part whose biasing force can be easily adjusted and whose structure is simple. In this case, by threading the threaded portion of the nut into the threaded portion of the bolt, the biasing force can be increased, and the second locking portion can be reliably biased against the first locking portion. In some cases, a spring member such as a coil spring having a resilient force may be inserted into the bolt, and the second locking portion may be pulled by this spring member to supplement the urging force.

Further, in the present invention, it is also preferable to provide a sensor that detects the presence or absence of relative rotation between the first locking part and the second locking part. This sensor is generally provided between the first locking part and the second locking part. Preferably, the sensor is connected to the electrical circuit of the drive device that drives the screw. In this way, when the sensor detects relative rotation between the first locking part and the second locking part, the electric circuit of the drive device is cut off, thereby automatically stopping the drive of the drive device. be able to. As a typical sensor, a mechanically operated switch such as a limit switch or a bushing switch can be used.

Next, a case in which raw materials are extruded using the simple extruder of the present invention will be described. The form of extruding raw materials is basically the same as that of a conventional extruder.

That is, raw materials such as unvulcanized compounded rubber and thermosetting resin are introduced from the raw material input hole while rotating the screw in the cylinder by the drive. Then, the raw material is transported forward in the cylinder by the rotation of the screw, and is discharged from the nozzle hole of the second locking part. When a molding die is provided ahead of the nozzle hole, the raw material extruded from the nozzle hole passes through the molding hole of the die, thereby continuously molding the molded product.

[Function] In the simple extruder of the present invention, if the coupling portion that urges the second locking portion toward the first locking portion is uncoupled, the urging by the connection portion is released. The second lock and cylinder are easily separated from the first lock.

By the way, when rotating the screw to extrude the raw material,
Due to circumstances such as variations in the raw materials inside the cylinder, unreasonable twisting force may be applied to the screw or cylinder. When such an unreasonable twisting force is applied, the first locking portion and the second locking portion rotate relative to each other, which may cause damage to the cylinder. In this regard, if the sensor is 1iQl, even if the first locking part and the second locking part rotate relative to each other due to a twisting force, this can be detected by the sensor. Therefore, if the drive device is stopped when the sensor detects this, the rotation of the screw will stop, and no excessive torque will act on the cylinder. Therefore, when a sensor is provided, damage to the cylinder can be suppressed even if the cylinder is made thinner.

[Effects of the Invention] According to the simple extruder of the present invention, by removing the coupling portion that biases the second locking portion toward the first locking portion, that is, by simply removing one type of joint, The cylinder can be easily separated from the first joint. Similarly, assembly of the cylinder becomes easy.

Furthermore, in the simple extruder of the present invention, if a sensor is provided to detect the relative rotation between the first locking part and the second locking part, it is possible to prevent excessive twisting force from acting on the cylinder. , the cylinder can be made thinner and lighter. Since the weight of the cylinder can be reduced in this way, the inner surface of the center hole of the cylinder can be more precisely finished than before, and the liner 03 that was conventionally required can be made unnecessary.

[Example] 1 and 2 show one embodiment of the invention.

The simple extrusion mode according to this embodiment includes a screw 1, a base portion 2, a bracket 3 as a first locking portion, and a cylinder 4.
, a head 5 as a second locking part, and bolts 60 and nuts 61 and 62 as connecting parts.

The screw 1 has a long cylindrical shape and has a screw-shaped groove 10 on its surface. ) The base portion 2 includes a box 20, a screw receiver 21 that holds the rear end portion 10 of the screw 1 within the box 20, a worm 22 and a worm wheel 23 for deceleration, and a motor 24 as a drive device. including. When the motor 24 is driven here, the rotation of the motor 24 is decelerated via the worm 22 and the worm wheel 23 so that the screw 1 rotates at a predetermined speed.

The bracket 3 has a shaft hole 31 through which the screw 1 passes, a raw material input hole 32 which penetrates through the wall in a direction intersecting the shaft hole 31, and a flange 34 extending outward in the shape of a brim. Note that the raw material input hole 32 and the shaft hole 31 are in communication. The bracket 3 is attached to the base portion 2 by applying a flange 34 to the surface 25, and is detachably fixed with bolts 30. An abutment recess 33 is formed on the tip side of the bracket 3.

This contact recess 33 has a circular shape, and has an inner diameter of D and a depth of h.
It is 2.

The cylinder 4 has an elongated shape and has a screw insertion hole 40 in the center. The inner diameter and outer diameter of the cylinder 4 are substantially uniform over the entire length. Note that the outer diameter of the cylinder 4 is approximately the same as the inner diameter of the abutment recess 33. The rear end FIJ41 of the cylinder 4 is fitted into the abutment recess 33 and positioned.

The head 5 has a nozzle hole 50 at the center, a flange 51 at the outer periphery of the rear end, and an abutment recess 54 at the center of the rear end. The contact recess 54 has a circular shape similar to the contact recess 33, and has an inner diameter of D and a depth of h2. Here, the abutment recess 54 is fitted into the tip end 42 of the cylinder 4, thereby positioning the cylinder 4.

A threaded portion 52 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the tip of the head 5, and a mounting hole 53 is further formed in the center of the tip of the head 5. Then, attach the die holder 82 to the die 5.
By screwing into the threaded portion 52 of the rectifier barrel 80
, the die 81 is mounted in the hole 53 for mounting the head 5 .

The bolt 6o has threaded portions 60a and 60b at both ends. Then, screw the threaded part 60a at one end of the bolt 60 into the screw hole of the bracket 3 and fix it with the nut 61, and then insert the threaded part 60b at the other end of the bolt 60 through the hole in the seventh flange 51 of the head 5, and then tighten the screw on the outside. I decided to stop at Natsuto 62.

If the nut 62 is screwed in here, the flange 51 and hence the head 5 will be pressed in the direction of the arrow 63, and as a result, the head 5 will be pushed in the direction of the arrow 63.
is urged toward the bracket 3 side. Therefore, the surface of the abutting recess 33 of the bracket 3 and the end surface of the rear end portion 41 of the cylinder 4 are in close contact, and similarly the surface of the abutting recess 54 of the head 5 and the end surface of the rear end 41 of the cylinder 4 are in close contact with each other.
is in close contact with the end surface of the tip portion 42 of.

In this embodiment, the head 5 is equipped with a limit switch 7 as a sensor. A switch portion of the limit switch 7 is connected to an electric circuit that drives the motor 24. Therefore, when the limit switch 7 is activated, the motor 2
4 is stopped. Furthermore, limit dock 7
2 is fixed to the bracket 3 with bolts 61. The limit dock 72 has an L-shape and has a length extending from the bracket 3 to the head 5. Note that the positional relationship between the limit dock 72 and the operating portion 7a of the limit switch 7 is set in consideration of the rotational direction of the screw 1, etc.

Now, when using the simple extruder according to this example,
First, the screw 1 inside the cylinder 4 is driven by the motor 24.
Rotate. When raw materials such as unvulcanized compounded rubber or thermosetting resin are inputted from the raw material input hole 32 while the screw 1 is rotated in this manner, the unvulcanized compounded rubber is plasticized by the rotation of the screw 1. It is heated to the temperature required for vulcanization and hardening. The plasticized raw material is then moved further forward in the cylinder 4 by the rotation of the screw 1, and is extruded from the nozzle hole 50 of the head 5 into the forming hole 81a of the die 81, whereby the molded product is continuously formed. be done.

According to the simple extruder according to this embodiment, the cylinder 4 and the head 5 can be separated by unscrewing the nut 62 and removing it from the threaded portion 60b of the bolt 60. At this time,
The cylinder 4 is automatically separated from the bracket 3. Therefore, the cylinder 4 can be easily disassembled. Furthermore, for installation, remove the plate 26 from the base part 2 and move the screw 1 in the direction of the arrow 27 while leaving the worm wheel 23 on the base part 2, and the screw 1 can be easily removed from the base part 2. It can be removed.

By the way, when rotating screw 1 to extrude the raw material,
Due to circumstances such as variations in the raw materials supplied into the cylinder 4, an unreasonable twisting force may be applied to the screw 1, the cylinder 4, etc.

In this case, the head 5 rotates with respect to the bracket 3 due to the twisting force, and as a result, the head 5 and the cylinder 4 are displaced from their normal positions. If extrusion is continued in such a state, there is a risk that the extruder will malfunction, such as damage to the cylinder 4. In this regard, in this embodiment, the limit switch 7 is provided to detect the relative rotation between the bracket 3 and the head 5, so when the head 5 rotates, the operating portion 7a of the limit switch 7 hits the limit dock 72. As a result, the operating portion 7a of the limit switch 7 is operated, and the limit switch 7 is activated. Therefore, the electric circuit of the motor 24 is automatically cut off, and the drive of the motor 24 is automatically stopped. Therefore, the driving of the screw 1 can be stopped, and damage to the thin cylinder 4 can be prevented.

In addition, in the conventional method shown in FIG. 3, as shown in the schematic diagram of FIG. 4, when forming the cylinder 104, the parts shown by hatching must be machined while leaving both ends in a brim shape. No. Therefore, processing costs are high, and the cylinder 104 requires a large diameter and heavy material, which tends to increase costs. In this regard, in this embodiment, the cylinder 4 does not require the above-mentioned cutting process, and can be processed to have the same diameter over its entire length, or a commercially available seamless steel can be used, and the material is also different from that of the conventional one. The diameter can be made smaller, and the cylinder 4 can be produced at a lower cost.

In the embodiment described above, the limit switch 7 is located on one side of the limit dock 72, as shown in FIG. However, instead of this, the limit switches 7 may be provided on both sides of the limit dock 72, respectively. It is also possible to form a notch in the tip end 72a of the limit dock 72 and position the operating portion 7a of the limit switch 7 in this notch. With such a configuration, the head 5
The operating portion 7a of the limit switch 7 operates even when the limit switch 7 rotates to either the left or right. Therefore, this is effective in preventing damage to the cylinder 4.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the invention. This embodiment basically has the same configuration as the embodiment described above. However, the outer surface of the cylinder 4 is angular, and the abutment recess 33 and the abutment recess 54 (not shown in FIG. 5) are angular in size so that the outer surface of the cylinder 4 fits therein. In this way, rotation can be prevented, which is effective in suppressing relative rotation between the head 5 and the bracket 3, and the limit switch 7 may be omitted in some cases. Note that only the outer surfaces of both ends of the cylinder 4 in the axial direction may be square-shaped.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 and 2 show an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional side view of a simple extruder according to the embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the simple extruder according to the embodiment. 3 and 4 show the prior art, FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional side view of an extruder, and FIG. 4 is a side view showing the processing steps of a cylinder. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a simple extruder according to another embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a screw, 2 is a base, and 3 is a bracket (
4 is a cylinder, 5 is a head (second locking part), 60 is a bolt (coupling part), and 61 and 62 are nuts (coupling part).

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A screw, a base portion that has a drive device for driving the screw and rotatably holds the screw, a shaft hole that is detachably fixed to the base portion and that the screw passes through, and the shaft hole. a first locking part having a raw material input hole penetrating the wall in a direction intersecting with the first locking part; a cylinder that presses into contact with the distal end side of the first locking part and into which the screw is inserted; and a cylinder on the distal end side of the cylinder. a second locking portion having a nozzle hole that is pressed into contact with the second locking portion; 1. A simple extruder characterized by comprising a connecting part that applies force. (2) The simple extruder according to claim 1, wherein a sensor is provided between the first locking part and the second locking part to detect the presence or absence of relative rotation between the two. (3) The simple extruder according to claim 1, wherein the connecting portion is composed of a plurality of bolts and nuts.