JPS61282676A - Switching valve - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To hold valve chamber in an airtight manner, by providing their respective bypass parts through which a high pressure fluid incoming port, formed in the inner peripheral surface of a valve device, is communicated with the large end surface side of the valve body and a low pressure fluid outgoing port is communicated with the small end surface side of the valve body. CONSTITUTION:A high pressure fluid incoming port 5 and a low pressure fluid outgoing port 6, which are open to an inner peripheral surface 2 of a valve chamber 3 of a valve device 1, are communicated to either of switching ports through their respective communicating passages 16 and 17. The high pressure fluid incoming port 5 of the valve device 1 is communicated with the large end surface side of the valve body through a bypass part 19, and the low pressure fluid outgoing port 6 to the small end surface side of the valve body through a bypass part 20. The valve body 10 is pressed against the small part side by means of a high pressure fluid, a seat part 9 of the valve body is forced into pressure contact with the inner peripheral surface 2 of the valve device 1, and the high pressure side and the low pressure side are airtightly kept by dint of a difference in a pressure between fluids.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a switching valve, for example, in a refrigeration cycle,
This invention relates to a four-way valve that switches between cooling and heating channels.

[Conventional technology]

Conventional switching valves of this type have a valve body having a tapered seat portion that rotates around the valve body, which is fitted into the tapered inner peripheral surface of the valve body, and the valve body is formed by the rotation of the valve body. A structure is known in which a fluid inlet and an outlet formed in a valve body are selectively communicated with two switching ports through a communication passage.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

In the structure of the conventional switching valve described above, it is necessary to urge the large-diameter end surface of the valve body toward the reduced diameter side using a coiled spring so that the seat portion of the valve body comes into close contact with the inner circumferential surface of the valve body. For this reason, unless the biasing force of the spring is increased, the valve body will not come into close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the valve body, and the biasing force against the valve body will be large (this will require a large operating force to switch and rotate the valve body, and There is a problem in that leakage cannot be reliably prevented only by body bias.

The present invention was made in view of the above points, and the seat portion of the valve body is brought into pressure contact with the inner circumferential surface of the valve body by the pressure difference of the fluid, and the structure is simple, airtightness is reliably maintained, and operability is improved. This provides a switching valve with good performance.

[Means for solving problems]

The switching valve of the present invention has a valve chamber formed in a valve body with a tapered inner circumferential surface whose diameter is reduced toward one end, and a high-pressure fluid that opens on the inner circumferential surface of the valve chamber. An inlet and a low-pressure fluid outlet are formed at opposite positions, and a switching port is formed between the inlet and the outlet, respectively, and the valve is inserted into the valve chamber of the valve body. The valve body has a tapered seat portion whose diameter is reduced toward one end that slides and rotates on the inner peripheral surface of the chamber, and a valve body that can be switched and rotated from the outside is fitted into the valve body. Both ends of a pair of communicating passages which are formed in the valve body and connect the inlet port and the outlet port to one of the switching ports respectively are opened in the seat portion, and an inlet port for the high pressure fluid is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the valve body. The present invention is characterized in that a bypass portion is formed, which communicates with the large-diameter end surface of the valve body and communicates a low-pressure fluid outlet with the reduced-diameter end surface of the valve body.

[Effect]

In the switching valve of the present invention, a high-pressure fluid inlet and a low-pressure fluid outlet, which are opened on the inner circumferential surface of the valve chamber of the valve body, are selectively connected to either one of the switching ports through a communication path of the valve body. By switching the valve body, high-pressure fluid is led out to one of the switching ports, low-pressure fluid is introduced to the other switching port, and the high-pressure fluid inlet in the valve body is connected to the switching port. The large-diameter end face of the valve body is communicated with the bypass part, and the low-pressure fluid outlet is communicated with the reduced-diameter end face of the valve body through the bypass part, so the valve body is reduced in diameter by the high-pressure fluid. The seat portion of the valve body is pressed against the inner circumferential surface of the valve body, and the high pressure side and low pressure side are kept airtight due to the pressure difference of the fluid.

〔Example〕

The configuration of an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

Reference numeral 1 designates a valve body, and this valve body 1 forms a valve chamber 3 having a tapered inner circumferential surface 2 whose diameter is reduced toward one end. The formed opening is closed by a lid 4 so as to be openable and closable. In this valve body 1, an inlet 5 for high pressure fluid and an outlet 6 for low pressure fluid are formed on the inner circumferential surface 2 of the valve chamber 3, displaced by 180 degrees in the circumferential direction and facing each other at the same position in the axial direction. Together with this inlet 5 and outlet 6
A switching lower 8 located between the inlet port 5 and the outlet port 6 and selectively communicating with both the inlet port 5 and the outlet port 6 is displaced by 90° in the circumferential direction between the inlet port 5 and the outlet port 6 and faces each other. There are openings in each position.

Reference numeral 10 denotes a valve body made of a low-friction material, and has a seat portion 9 whose diameter is reduced toward one end that slides and rotates on the inner circumferential surface 2 of the valve chamber 3 of the valve body 1. , this valve body 10 is rotatably fitted into the valve chamber 3 of the valve body 1, and an operating shaft 12 is protruded from the center of the large-diameter end surface 11 of this valve body 10, and this operating shaft 12 is connected to the outside. The lid body 4 can be rotated by switching from
The shaft is airtightly inserted into the shaft passage hole 13 of the shaft through the ○ ring 14 and projected to the outside. An operating lever 15 is provided on the externally projecting portion of the operating shaft 12, and by operating the operating lever 15, the valve body 10 is rotated in the circumferential direction within the valve chamber 3.

A pair of communication passages 16 and 17 are formed in the valve body 10,
Both ends of this communication path 16.17 are connected to the inlet 5 and the outlet 6.
The valve body 10 is attached at a 90° angle to the outer peripheral seat portion 9 of the valve body 10 so as to switch and communicate with either one of the switching lowers 8 and 8 respectively.
The opening is displaced in the circumferential direction.

Further, in the inner peripheral surface 2 of the valve body 1, an inlet 5 for high pressure fluid is communicated with the large diameter end surface 11 side of the valve body 10, and an outlet port 6 for low pressure fluid is connected to the side of the reduced diameter end surface 18 of the valve body 10. Bypass portions 19, 20 for communication are each cut out.

Note that a coil spring 21 is preliminarily installed between the large-diameter end surface 11 of the valve body 10 and the inner surface of the lid 4 to bias the valve body 10 toward the reduced-diameter end surface 18 side.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained.

When using this switching valve for switching the refrigeration cycle, the second
As shown in the figure and FIG. 3, the discharge side of the compressor 22 is connected to the high-pressure fluid inlet 5 of the valve body 1, and the suction side of the compressor 22 is connected to the low-pressure fluid outlet 6. Further, an indoor heat exchanger 23, a capillary tube 24, and an outdoor heat exchanger 25 are connected in series between the switching lower and 8 of the valve body 1.

During heating, the valve body 10 is rotated as shown in FIG. 2 to communicate the high-pressure fluid inlet 5 with one switching lower via the communication passage 16, and connect the low-pressure fluid outlet 6 with the other switching port. Connect to 8. When the compressor 22 is driven in this state, the high-pressure refrigerant fluid is transferred to the inlet 5 of the valve body 1, the communication passage 16 of the valve body 10, the switching lower of the valve body 1, the indoor exchanger 23, the capillary tube 24, and the outdoor heat exchanger. The refrigerant flows through the container 25, becomes a low-pressure fluid, and then passes through the switching port 8 of the valve body 1, the communication passage 17 of the valve body 10, and the inlet 6 of the valve body 1.
It is refluxed to the suction side of the compressor 22 through the.

The high-pressure fluid of the refrigerant flowing into the high-pressure fluid inlet 5 of the valve body 1 is communicated with the large-diameter end face 11 of the valve body 10 through the bypass portion 19, and the low-pressure fluid outlet 6 is connected to the valve body 10.
Since the valve body 10 is in communication with the diameter-reduced end surface 18 of the valve body 1, the valve body 10 is pressed toward the diameter-reduced side of the valve body 10 by the high-pressure fluid, and the seat portion 9 of the valve body is connected to the inner periphery of the valve chamber 3 of the valve body 1. The valve chamber 3 is brought into pressure contact with the surface 2, and the high-pressure side and low-pressure side are kept airtight within the valve chamber 3 due to the pressure difference of the fluid.

During cooling, the valve body 10 is rotated as shown in FIG. 3 to communicate the high-pressure fluid inlet 5 with the other switching port 8 via the communication path 16, and switch the low-pressure fluid outlet 6 to one of the switching ports. Connect to Roa. In this state, compressor 2
2, the high-pressure refrigerant fluid flows through the inlet 5 of the valve body 1.
, the refrigerant flows through the communication passage 16 of the valve body 10, the switching port 8 of the valve body 1, the outdoor heat exchanger 25, the capillary tube 24, and the indoor heat exchanger 23, and the refrigerant becomes a low-pressure fluid and further passes through the switching lower of the valve body 1, Communication path 11 of valve body 10, inlet 6 of valve body 1
It is refluxed to the suction side of the compressor 22 through the .

The high-pressure fluid of the refrigerant flowing into the high-pressure fluid inlet 5 of the valve body 1 is communicated with the large-diameter end face 11 of the valve body 10 through the bypass portion 19, and the low-pressure fluid outlet 6 is connected to the valve body 10.
Since the valve element 10 is in communication with the reduced diameter end surface 18 side of the valve element 10, the valve element 10 is pressed toward the reduced diameter side of the valve element 10 by the high-pressure fluid, and the valve element 10
The seat portion 9 is pressed against the inner circumferential surface 2 of the valve chamber 3 of the valve body 1, and the high pressure side and low pressure side of the valve chamber 3 are kept airtight due to the pressure difference of the fluid.

In the above embodiment, the enlarged diameter end surface 1 of the valve body 10 is preliminarily
A coil spring 21 is installed between the inner surface of the lid body 4 and the inner surface of the lid body 4 to bias the valve body 10 toward the diameter-reduced end surface 18. It suffices if there is enough urging force to do so.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, the high-pressure fluid inlet and the low-pressure fluid outlet, which are opened on the inner circumferential surface of the tapered valve chamber of the valve body, are connected to the valve body rotatably fitted to the valve body. The communicating passage selectively communicates with either one of the switching ports, and high-pressure fluid is led out to one of the switching ports by switching the valve body, and low-pressure fluid is delivered to the other switching port. In the switching valve that allows fluid to be introduced, an inlet for high-pressure fluid is communicated with the large-diameter end surface of the valve body on the inner circumferential surface of the valve body, and an outlet for low-pressure fluid is connected to the reduced-diameter end surface of the valve body. Since bypass portions are formed to communicate with the valve body, the high-pressure fluid inlet of the valve body is communicated with the large-diameter end face of the valve body, and the low-pressure fluid outlet is communicated with the reduced-diameter end face of the valve body. The valve body is pressed toward the diameter-reducing side by high-pressure fluid, and the seat portion of the valve body is pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the valve body, and the high-pressure side and low-pressure side are automatically maintained airtight due to the pressure difference of the fluid. The valve chamber of the valve body is reliably maintained airtight with a simple configuration.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a switching valve showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the state during heating when the improved switching valve is applied to a refrigeration cycle, and Fig. 3 is the same as above. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state during cooling. 1. Valve body, 2. Inner circumferential surface, 3. Valve chamber, 5. Inlet, 6. Outlet, 7, 8. Switching port, 9. Seat, 10. Valve body. , 11...Large diameter end face of valve body 10, 1t3
．． 17...Communication path, 18...Reduced diameter end face, 19°20...
Bypass section.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A valve chamber having a tapered inner circumferential surface whose diameter is reduced toward one end is formed in the valve body, and a high-pressure fluid inlet opening in the inner circumferential surface of the valve chamber is formed in the valve body. A low-pressure fluid outlet is formed at a position facing the outlet, and a switching port is formed between the inlet and the outlet, each of which is open. It has a tapered seat portion with a diameter reduced toward one end that slides and rotates on the circumferential surface, and a valve body that can be switched and rotated from the outside of this valve body is fitted, and a valve body formed on the valve body is fitted. Both ends of a pair of communicating passages that switch the inlet and outlet to communicate with one of the switching ports are opened in the seat portion, and the high-pressure fluid inlet is connected to the inner peripheral surface of the valve body. A switching valve characterized in that a bypass portion is formed to communicate with a large-diameter end surface side and communicate a low-pressure fluid outlet with a reduced-diameter end surface side of a valve body.