JPS6127343B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention involves pre-treating the wood (wood wool, wood chips, wood powder, etc.) of wood species with poor cement hardening, such as pine trees, with a specific organic phosphate ester that has both flame retardancy and water repellency. After that, it is mixed with cement and water and molded, and it is made of wood that has poor cement hardening, such as karamatsu, and is flame retardant.
The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a wood cement board with improved water resistance and strength.

Conventionally, wood-cement boards are manufactured by mixing raw material wood with water, cement, and a hardening agent, followed by molding, curing, and drying processes. Products include wood wool cement boards, ordinary wood cement boards, hard wood cement boards, etc., which are used singly or in combination for roofing, ceiling, interior and exterior wall materials, etc. of buildings. These are subject to the Building Standards Act, and for example, the fireproof structure of roof walls is required to have quasi-incombustible grade performance in terms of flame retardant standards, in addition to standards for physical properties such as material strength. This flame retardant standard includes non-flammable, semi-non-flammable, and flame retardant, and the test methods for each are different. There are surface tests, perforation tests, and gas toxicity tests for quasi-noncombustibility. Among these tests, the surface tests require heat generation index (Tdθ) of 100℃・min or less, smoke generation index (CA)
There are standards such as 60 or less and afterflame time of 30 seconds or less, and semi-noncombustible materials are required to pass all of these standards.

Wood cement boards are manufactured by mixing and molding cement, which is a binding material between wood and inorganic materials, so they are a material with excellent flame retardancy. However, the flame retardant performance of the board is mainly influenced by the mixing ratio of wood and cement, which is an inorganic substance. Therefore, depending on the use of the board, in order to improve the flame retardance, it is necessary to take some measures such as increasing the blending ratio of cement in the manufacturing process or treating the board with a fire retardant.
This causes an increase in the specific gravity of the board or a decrease in the physical properties of the board such as strength. Furthermore, since these measures lead to an increase in product prices, they become a factor that narrows the range of use of the board.

In general, flame retardant treatments for wood materials include ammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride,
Mainly inorganic flame retardants such as ammonium bromide are used. However, when these ammonium salts are used for flame-retardant treatment of wood-cement boards, they react with the alkali of the cement gel and decompose to generate ammonia gas when wood, water, and cement are mixed in the board manufacturing process. For this reason, treatment with these water-soluble flame retardants impairs the workability of the board manufacturing process, and the flame retardant performance of the board cannot be sufficiently improved. Furthermore, among other inorganic flame retardants that do not cause a decomposition reaction during the mixing process, there are many that inhibit the hardening of cement or reduce physical properties such as the strength of the board.

Based on the above, in order to prevent poor axisization of wood cement boards and improve flame retardant performance, it is necessary to prevent decomposition during the mixing of wood, water, and cement in the manufacturing process, and to ensure that the cement hardens normally. Moreover, it is considered effective to treat the board with a flame retardant that does not impair its physical properties such as strength.

In particular, tree species such as Karamatsu, Lauan, Beech, and Sugi contain large amounts of organic substances such as water-soluble sugars compared to other raw materials, and these organic substances elute when mixed with cement and prevent the hardening of cement. Therefore, it was impossible to manufacture the board.

Karamatsu wood in particular is a tree species suited to the climate and topography of Hondo, and many trees are planted there, making it a major tree species in the nation's top Hondo forestry industry, and its mature trees are used for construction materials, furniture, pulp, etc. Although it is wide,
For its growth, thinning is essential, and various ideas have been made regarding the use of thinned wood, but there have been problems in terms of price. With the completion of the present invention, this effective use has been resolved, and great hopes have been fulfilled for the future of forestry.

That is, the method of the present invention sprays and mixes a specific organic phosphoric acid ester that has both flame retardancy and water repellency on the wood of wood species with poor cement hardening, such as Karamatsu, to prevent poor cement hardening. It is characterized by improving the flame retardancy, water resistance, and strength of the board.

The organic phosphate ester used in the present invention is a trishalogen alkyl phosphate selected from the group consisting of trichloroethyl phosphate and trischloropropyl phosphate.

In the method of the present invention, this treatment agent is made into fine particles by spraying, and mixed with wood to fill the open pores of the wood. The finely divided treatment agent easily fills the opened pores due to capillary action.

This filled treatment agent does not easily come off when mixing wood, water, and cement. Furthermore, since the treatment agent is water repellent, it will not react with the alkali of cement and decompose, nor will it have an adverse effect on the hardening of cement. Furthermore, since the treatment agent remains within the pores of the cement after it hardens, it exhibits water repellency within the pores of the wood and on its surface.

Therefore, a relatively small amount, ie, about a few percent of the weight of the wood, prevents poor hardening of the cement of the board and improves flame retardancy, water resistance, and strength.

Generally, flame retardant treatment of wood materials includes treatment with mineral acid salts such as phosphorus and sulfur compounds and balogen compounds.

Looking at the flame retardant mechanism, the former decomposes when heated, produces acid, and promotes dehydration and carbonization of wood, thereby reducing combustibles and suppressing thermal decomposition reactions, while the latter decomposes when heated. It decomposes, changes the direction of the combustion reaction, and stops the reaction. It also vaporizes and reacts with combustible gas in the gas phase to produce nonflammable substances. For this reason, mineral salts are mainly used to reduce the calorific value, and halides are used to reduce the afterflame time. However, even if these flame retardants are used alone for flame retardant treatment of wood materials, the effect is small, and a large amount of treatment is required to achieve sufficient flame retardancy. However, when mineral acid salts and halides are used in combination, they inhibit the combustion reaction in each phase of the combustible material, from the solid phase to the gas phase, resulting in a synergistic effect and a relatively small amount of treatment. , which shows excellent effects.

According to the method of the present invention, since the treatment agent is insoluble in water, it does not allow substances with poor hardening of cement to be eluted into the cement, and the treatment agent contains many mineral acids and halogen molecules necessary for suppressing the combustion reaction of wood in its molecules. It is a compound. For this reason, the treatment agent decomposes when heated, and their molecules act synergistically, reducing the amount of heat generated by the board and the propagation speed of combustion, resulting in a significant reduction in the afterflame time. Furthermore, it has been observed that the process according to the invention produces very little smoke during combustion.

In the production of wood cement boards, it is known that cement may fail to harden depending on the raw material tree species, long exposure to sunlight, rotten wood, etc.

According to the method of the present invention, since the treatment agent is a water-repellent substance and is present in the pores of the wood and on its surface, the cement gel of the cement hardening inhibitor in the wood is removed during the wood, water, and cement mixing process. Prevent migration into the body or reduce its amount. For this reason,
It has been found that the production of the present invention can be made from materials that cause poor hardening of cement, such as larch wood, lauan wood, beech wood, and oak wood. Furthermore, even when the content of these raw materials wood is high, the cement hardens normally and the board strength improves. For this reason,
The wood material does not need to be dried.

The effective viscosity of the tris halogen phosphate used as the treatment agent of the present invention is in the range of 1.0 cps to 800 cps, and the spray pressure under the treatment conditions is 1.0 cps to 800 cps.
Kg/ ^cm2 to 300Kg/ ^cm2 .

In addition to the above-mentioned conditions, the present inventors have also discovered a method for preventing poor hardening of cement such as larch wood by treating mineral oils such as liquid paraffin, machine oil, lubricating oil, and their waste oils. However, depending on the application of the product, it may be necessary to increase the amount of oil treated or to provide higher flame retardancy.

The method according to the present invention is also effective when the processing agent (the above-mentioned phosphate) is mixed with liquid paraffin, lubricating oil, and its waste oil.

This treatment is particularly effective when the phosphate is in a solid phase or when it is carried out industrially quickly.

In the method of the present invention, since the treatment agent is a colorless, transparent, odorless, non-toxic, and chemically stable substance, it does not cause any trouble in the board manufacturing process or deteriorate the various physical properties of the product board. For this reason, this method simply adds a spraying and mixing process of a treatment agent to the conventional wood cement board manufacturing process, and does not select the raw material tree species or wood condition, and uses raw materials with high moisture content to produce wood cement boards. While preventing poor cement hardening,
In addition, it is possible to produce products with excellent physical properties such as water resistance, flame retardance, and strength.

Therefore, the production of the present invention enables this type of industry to expand the selection of raw material wood species and manufacture boards with excellent performance, bringing about excellent industrial effects that will lead to increased demand for this type of product.

Example 1 Tris-chloroethyl phosphate is spray-mixed onto larch wood chips having the following composition, and then cement and water are added to obtain a wood cement board according to a conventional method.

The strength and combustion test results of the obtained board are shown below.

Material composition ratio Larch wood chips 100 parts Tris-chloroethyl phosphate 2 parts Cement 300 parts Water 150 parts Bending strength of board 99.8Kg/ ^cm2 Combustion test results Heat generation index (Tdθ) 0℃・min Smoke generation index (CA) 0 Afterflame time: 11 seconds Example 2 A wood cement board was obtained using the material with the following composition in the same manner as in Example 1.

Material composition ratio Larch wood chips 100 parts Tris-chloroethyl phosphate 4 parts Cement 300 parts Water 15 parts Bending strength of board 93.9Kg/ ^cm2 Combustion test results Heat generation index (Tdθ) 7.5℃・min Smoke index (CA) 0 Afterflame time 14 seconds Example 3 Material mixing ratio Larch wood chips 100 parts Tris-chloroethyl phosphate 6 parts Cement 300 parts Water 150 parts Bending strength of board 106.1Kg/cm ² Combustion test results Heat generation index (Tdθ) 5.0℃・Minutes Smoke index (CA) 0 Afterflame time 17 seconds Example 4 Material composition ratio Larch wood chips 100 parts Tris-chloroethyl phosphate 8 parts Cement 300 parts Water 150 parts Bending strength of board 95.5Kg/cm ² Combustion test Results Heat generation index (Tdθ) 17.5℃・min Smoke index (CA) 0 Afterflame time 21 seconds Example 5 Materials Mixing ratio Larch wood chips 100 parts Tris-dichloropropyl phosphate
2 parts Cement 300 parts Water 150 parts Bending strength of board 98.9Kg/cm ² Combustion test results Heat generation index (Tdθ) 0℃・min Smoke index (CA) 0 Afterflame time 14 seconds Example 6 Material Mixing ratio Larch wood chips 100 parts Tris dichloropropyl phosphate
4 parts Cement 300 parts Water 150 parts Bending strength of board 101.7Kg/cm ² Combustion test results Heat generation index (Tdθ) 0℃・min Smoke index (CA) 0 Afterflame time 10 seconds Example 7 Material Mixing ratio Larch wood chips 100 parts Tris dichloropropyl phosphate
6 parts Cement 300 parts Water 150 parts Bending strength of board 92.9Kg/cm ² Combustion test results Heat generation index (Tdθ) 0℃・min Smoke index (CA) 0 Afterflame time 15 seconds Example 8 Material Mixing ratio Larch wood chips 100 parts Tris dichloropropyl phosphate
8 parts Cement 300 parts Water 150 parts Bending strength of board 150.7Kg/cm ² Combustion test results Heat generation index (Tdθ) 11.0℃・min Smoke index (CA) 0 Afterflame time 21 seconds Example 9 Material Mixing ratio Larch wood chips 100 parts Liquid paraffin + tris-chloroethyl phosphate mixture 6 parts Cement 300 parts Water 150 parts Bending strength of board 85.0Kg/cm ² Combustion test results Heat generation index (Tdθ) 50℃・min Smoke index (CA) 1 Afterflame Time 25 seconds Example 10 Materials Mixing ratio Larch wood chips 100 parts Engine oil waste + tris chloroethyl phosphate mixture} 6 parts Cement 300 parts Water 150 parts Bending strength of board 86.6Kg/cm ² Combustion test results Heat generation Index (Tdθ): 62.5°C/min Smoke index (CA): 2.5 Afterflame time: 18 seconds As the cement in each of the above examples, commercially available ordinary Bortland cement was used. The larch pieces used were in a green state (moisture content about 60%). Also, the specific gravity of all boards is 1.1.

The combustion test results were obtained by surface testing in a JIS A1321 standard furnace.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the method of the present invention, (1) when manufacturing boards from wood species with poor cement hardening, such as Japanese pine, the flame retardancy of the board can be improved; It is possible to improve the durability, water resistance, and strength, and since it is an important industry in Japan, the use of pinewood has an extremely large effect.

(2) By the treatment operation of the present invention (spraying and mixing of the water repellent treatment agent), the treatment agent is effectively filled into the wood pores of poorly hardened cement wood due to the capillary phenomenon. In the cement mixing process, it prevents the cement hardening inhibitors in the wood from migrating into the cement gel, and the filled treatment agent does not easily separate and react with the alkali of the cement or separate. It does not adversely affect the hardening of cement, and it also imparts water repellency to the wood, increasing the strength and durability of the board.

(3) Only a small amount of processing agent is required, the manufacturing cost is low, and the manufacturing process does not generate harmful gases and can be operated safely.

It has such great effects.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Tris halogenoalkyl phosphate selected from the group consisting of tris chloroethyl phosphate and tris dichloropropyl phosphate is sprayed and mixed into the wood of a tree species with poor cement hardening, such as pine tree, to coat the inside of the pores and the surface of the wood. coated,
After that, this is mixed with cement and water and molded. A method for manufacturing wood cement boards such as Karamatsu.