JPS61263660A - Vertical crusher with blower - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Object of the Invention) The present invention relates to an improved structure of a vertical crusher that has already been developed by the applicant Jinniku et al. It is an object of the present invention to provide a pulverizer that is capable of pulverizing and conveying in a desired direction at the same time.

(Prior Art) When viewed from the external force applied to the crushing means in a crusher, most of them can be classified as those based on compression, shearing, impact, or a combination thereof.

Among them, methods for crushing grains such as beans, barley, and soba and their shells include:
Many of them are based on the so-called ancient grinding method, which mainly uses compressive force as the external force, and as a result, much of the energy expended in the grinding process is converted into heat and energy.

Not only is it wasted, reducing the pulverization efficiency, but the generated heat causes the quality of the pulverized material to change, which is a fatal defect. Therefore,
In some types of equipment that have been put into practical use, it has been necessary to spend money on various measures such as adding water for cooling and devising radiating fins, and the structure of the equipment itself has become more complex. However, it had to be extremely expensive.

In addition, many of the crushers that rely on this compressive force emit noise due to their structural characteristics, which not only worsens the working environment and reduces work efficiency, but also causes problems as a source of pollution. , as there are many cases where it is difficult to take countermeasures, it is necessary to invest extra time and money to deal with these problems.

Under these circumstances, the applicant of the present application has been working on the development and practical application of a more ideal crusher to replace the previous methods, and has already adopted a vertical type (natural fall type of crushed material).
We have completed a pulverizer with a new structure that allows extremely smooth shearing and impact fracture during the natural falling process of pulverized materials, as well as a pulverizing blade for the same, and these have been highly effective.

This invention further improves the pulverizing efficiency or economic efficiency of the pulverizers that have already been proposed, and also utilizes the rotation of a rotating shaft attached to the pulverizing blade to handle the pulverized material immediately after pulverizing. It is intended to simultaneously convey in a desired direction, and the gist of its configuration is as detailed below.

(Structure of the Invention) As clearly understood from the representative embodiments shown in the attached drawings, the present invention provides a crushing blade comprising a fixed blade 11 and a rotary blade 12 in a housing 4 communicating with a hopper 5. 1 is disposed, and a blower 2 is integrally horizontally installed directly below the crushing blade 1, and a rotary blade 11 in the crushing blade 1,
The prime mover 6 is common to the rotary blade 21 in the blower 2.
This is a vertical crusher equipped with a blower, which is equipped with a rotating shaft 3 that is interlocked with the rotary shaft 3.

The crushing blade 1 set in the housing 4 basically has a structure in which a fixed blade 11 and a rotary blade 12 are combined vertically in pairs, and is simply a combination of one blade each. As shown in the example shown in the figure, a pair of upper and lower fixed blades 1
1. A unit crushing blade is formed with a structure in which a spacer 13 of a predetermined thickness is interposed between the fixed blades 11 and the rotary blade 12 in a space surrounded by the fixed blades 11, 11 and the spacer 13, and these are - pair, or a structure in which several pairs are vertically stacked, although not shown.

As can be understood from the perspective view shown in FIG. 3, the fixed blade 11, which is one of the components of the crushing blade 1, has a large number of through holes 11a formed in a passage cross section according to the particle size of the crushed material. , 11
a... are formed in a distributed manner over the entire surface, and in the center is a cut hole 11b into which the rotating shaft 3 is loosely fitted.
It has a thin disk shape as a whole and is usually formed from a strong steel plate of a predetermined thickness by hammering or other means.

The through holes 11a are determined to have an optimal passage cross section according to the particle size of the pulverized material to be crushed, and by appropriately selecting the shape and size of this passage cross section and the overall number of holes formed, Differences can be made in grinding efficiency, grinding density, etc.

Note that the pair of upper and lower fixed blades 11.11 may be of the same structure or may be of separate structures, both of which are included in the technical idea of the present invention, but from the viewpoint of economic efficiency, It goes without saying that it is more advantageous to use the same material for both the upper and lower sides, from the viewpoint of making it possible to use the front and back sides as described later.

As shown in the perspective view of FIG. 3, the rotary blade 12, which is another component of the crushing blade 1, has a holding space 1 of an appropriate size.
A plurality of 2a, 12a, . A rotating shaft 3 to be connected and rotated is fitted and rotated at high speed.

The holding space 12a has a separation distance between the upper and lower pair of fixed blades (i.e., the thickness of the spacer 13), and a through hole 11a of the fixed blade 11, 11
a... The optimum cross-sectional shape is adopted by comprehensively considering the amount of formation, shape, structure, properties of the crushed material, crushing conditions, etc.

In addition, each fixed blade 11 and rotary blade 12 have their through holes 11a.
Alternatively, each periphery of the holding space 12a is designed to have a substantially vertical cross section as shown in the second drawing, and is planned and formed in advance so that both the front and back sides serve as cutting edges, so that it can be easily cut during use. Each of the blades can be used upside down, and an economical crushing blade 1 can be realized.

The spacer 13, which is another component of the crushing blade 1, is
It regulates or adjusts the separation distance between the above-mentioned fixed blades '11.11, and also functions as a collision wall for crushed objects, as can be understood from the embodiments shown in Figures 1 and 2. , the outer circumferential dimension of the housing 4 to be fixed is
It is formed to have a ring-shaped planar shape regulated by the inner peripheral dimension of.

In order to achieve the required thickness, the spacer 13 is either formed in advance into a single plate having the required thickness, or is formed to have a predetermined standard thickness as shown in the figure. It is formed by stacking a plurality of thin plate-like bodies to achieve the required thickness.

Fixed blade 112 and rotary blade 12 as described above. spacer 1
The crushing blade 1 is constructed by combining the blades 3 in a controlled manner, and is set in the housing 4 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

As described, this crushing blade 1 is formed into a unit crushing blade, and may be installed singly, or may be realized as a plurality of vertically stacked pieces vertically stacked as required. At this time, the optimum number of unit crushing blades to be vertically stacked and combined in the vertical direction is selected depending on the properties of the raw material to be crushed, the purpose of crushing, the achieved particle size, etc.

In addition, when realizing this vertically stacked structure, if the thickness of the spacer 13 is adjusted according to the thickness of the rotary blade 12, the pair of fixed blades 11, 11 arranged vertically in parallel, For example, the closer the thickness dimension of the spacer 13 is to that of the rotary blade 12, the more the meshing situation between the fixed blade 11 and the rotary blade 12 is adjusted. The alignment situation becomes tighter, and conversely, the larger it is, the rougher it becomes.

The shape and number of through holes 11a of the fixed blade 11, the shape and number of holding spaces 12a of the rotary blade 12, or
Although it depends on conditions such as the rotation speed of the rotary blades 12, a vertical crusher that uses crushing blades that are tightly meshed can reduce the crushing efficiency per unit time. If the density is improved and, conversely, the result is a rough interlocking condition, the grinding efficiency will increase but the grinding density will decrease. Therefore, this rotary blade 12
When determining the thickness of the spacer 13, it is not only necessary to select the optimal size according to the properties of the pulverized material to be pulverized, the achieved pulverized particle size, the purpose of pulverization, etc. It must be carefully examined in terms of efficiency as well.

As a result of considering them, for example, in the case where the crushing blade 1 is constructed by combining a plurality of unit crushing blades, the thickness dimension of the spacer 13 to be adopted is the same from top to bottom. It is also possible to adopt thicknesses of different sizes, or to decide on thicknesses based on an optimal combination, such as sequentially different thicknesses.

In addition, when the crushing blade 1 is handled as a unit crushing blade as described above, the rotary blade 12 is enclosed, and a pair of upper and lower fixed blades 11, 11 and a spacer 13 are integrated by welding or other means and set. It is possible to realize a standardized crushing blade that is convenient for handling when incorporated into a crusher, replacement of parts, distribution, storage, etc. In the figure, 5 indicates a hopper for charging grains and other pulverized materials, 51 indicates the same shutter, and 52 indicates the same guiding swash plate.

On the other hand, apart from the embodiments described above, the crushing blade 1 of the present invention
Furthermore, the regulating rotary blade 14, which performs the following functions, may be constructed by combining the fixing member located at the uppermost position on the upper surface side of the fixing member 11.

The regulating rotary blade 14 mainly functions to forcefully send the crushed material falling from above due to its own weight downward, and serves as a regulating member corresponding to the holding space 12a in the rotary blade 12 of the crushing blade 1. It has a thin sun disk shape in which a plurality of spaces 14a are formed in a dispersed manner.

This regulating rotary blade 14a is not necessarily the rotary blade 1 of the crushing blade 1.
Although it is not necessary to have the same structure as 2, due to reasons such as manufacturing or parts management, the rotary blade 1 in the crushing blade 1
Of course, there is no problem even if it is formed so that it can be used as it is. The embodiment shown in the first drawing and the second enlarged sectional view of the fixed portion is an example of this dual-purpose type. In the figure, 16 is a spacer for maintaining a predetermined distance between the regulating plate 15 and the fixed blade 11 and creating a space in which the regulating rotary blade 14 is inserted. As shown in FIG.

In the embodiments shown in the drawings, the crushing blade 1 or the crushing blade 1 combined with the regulating rotary blade 14 is shown as being set in the housing 4.
This housing 4 is not necessarily an essential component in configuring the crushing blade 1 of the present invention, and in some cases,
The crushing blade 1 and the separate spacers 13, 16 may be directly fixed with fixing bolts or the like, and may be formed so that they themselves also serve as a housing.

The blower 2 is disposed directly below the crushing blade 1, and as in the illustrated embodiment, its rotary blade 21 is fitted into the rotating shaft 3 which is fitted into the rotary blade 12 of the crushing blade 1. An outer enclosure 22 with a lid 23 and an elbow 24 that is fixed and supports its outer periphery.
It consists of a structure that is covered with A conveying pipe (not shown) for guiding and conveying the pulverized material in a desired direction is connected to the elbow 24 as necessary.

In this way, a vertical crusher with a blower is basically completed, and the solid particles packed in the hopper 5 to be crushed are conveyed in a predetermined direction by the blower 2 from those crushed by the crushing blade 1. Become.

In some cases, as shown in Fig. 4, a finely crushed material collection case 7 is assembled and formed in advance to collect crushed materials that have been crushed more finely than necessary (this becomes floating dust during work). It can also be assumed that

As an example of combining this finely crushed material collection case 7, for example, it is assumed that rice husks are crushed when the rice husks are used as feed for livestock or bedding material for livestock sheds, and the blower 2 is The enclosure 22 has a structure as shown in the illustrated example in which a peripheral wall 22a is formed with a large number of sieve holes 22b through which pulverized materials of a predetermined size or smaller pass (therefore, this is unnecessary when this finely pulverized material collection case 7 is not adopted). In this case, only the pulverized material excluding the finely pulverized material is discharged and conveyed from the elbow 24. In the figure, 31 is a positioning socket for the rotor blade 21, 32 is a fixed cap,
71 is a finely ground material collection container; 72 is a fixing band; 7
3 indicates fixing metal fittings.

The vertical crusher with a blower of the present invention constructed in this manner is configured such that solid particles to be crushed, such as soybeans, buckwheat, and rice husks, are fed into the hopper 5 set above the hopper 5,
When driven, those solid particles are either directly or
Alternatively, in the case of a crushing blade with a built-in regulating rotary blade 14, the falling amount of solid particles is controlled and slightly forced by the regulating rotary blade 14 via the regulating plate 15, so that the solid particles are placed above the crushing blade 1. Through holes 11a, 11a... of side fixed blade 11
...begins to fall inward.

In the process, the solid particles that are about to pass through are exposed to the cutting edge of the rotating blade 12 rotating at high speed and the fixed blade 11.
The blade is sheared and fractured by the engagement with the cutting edge of the rotary blade 12, which is fitted on the rotary shaft 3 and rotates at high speed, and impact force is applied to the side edge of the holding space 12a of the rotary blade 12, which is rotated at high speed, thereby further progressing the crushing action. let

When the crushing blade 1 is a combination of a plurality of unit crushing blades, the lower fixed blade 11 of the unit crushing blades described above
After the solid particles pass through the through holes 11a, 11a, etc., they fall in the direction of the unit crushing blades downward under the influence of their own weight and internal airflow, and are sequentially broken and crushed. The particles gradually become finer, and when they pass through the lowermost grinding blade and fall toward the two directions of the blower, a pulverized material with a predetermined desired particle size is obtained.

In this crushing process, the crushing action progresses simply by rotating the rotary blade 12 of the crushing blade at high speed, so almost no heat such as frictional heat is generated, and therefore, there is no adverse effect of heat on the crushed product. There is no problem, and the impact noise is extremely low, resulting in ideal pulverization.

The crushed material passing through the crushing blade 1 reaches the blow 92 located directly below the crushing blade, and then, due to the rotation of the rotary blade 21, it is moved along the peripheral wall 22a of the outer envelope 22 into an elbow 24. It is guided by the object and is thrown outward from it.

At this time, if the plow 92 is combined with the finely pulverized material collection case 7, the pulverized material smaller than a predetermined size will be naturally collected at the same location, and the pulverized material discharged and conveyed from the elbow 2 will have Pulverized objects smaller than a specified size, which are the source of dust during work and are not necessary depending on the application, are removed in advance, allowing for ideal pulverization and efficient transportation, as well as sanitary pulverization work suited to the purpose. will be guaranteed.

The crushing blade of the present invention having the above-described structure has the following effects.

(Function and effect) ■ First of all, the crushing blade is a fixed blade, a rotating blade and a spacer, or a combination of these with a regulating rotary blade, and moreover, it is realized by a vertically stacked structure. In order to be able to freely change the combination of each member depending on the situation, the solid particles that are to be crushed can be crushed simply by preparing several types of parts with different structures such as thickness, blade shape, blade spacing, holding space, etc. It is extremely easy to realize the optimal crushing blade according to the properties of the powder, the achieved crushing particle size, the purpose of crushing, etc.

In particular, when the spacer can be realized by superimposing spacers with standard dimensions and thicknesses, the above effect becomes extremely remarkable.

(2) Moreover, the effect of configuring the crushing blade by this independent member is extremely effective in manufacturing the crushing blade.

In other words, conventional crushing blades usually had to be manufactured by cutting, polishing, and hardening thick steel, but with the blade of this invention, they can be manufactured by pressing and hardening a relatively thin steel plate. By doing so, it becomes possible to manufacture it, and it becomes extremely simple and economical.

■ A particularly important effect of this invention lies in its crushing principle. That is, the crushing blade of the present invention differs from conventional ones in that it has a structure in which a fixed blade, a spacer, and a rotary blade are vertically stacked and combined, or in combination with a regulating rotary blade, or in combination with these. A unit crushing blade set is formed using a structure in which these blades are stacked vertically in the vertical direction, and solid particles introduced from above fall due to their own weight (smooth movement due to natural forces). Since the process is sequentially pulverized by impact and shearing, there is no need to spend energy such as compression and impact to move the pulverized material, unlike in conventional methods. This means that there is almost no chance of it emitting heat or emitting heat. This energy saving effect is far less than that of conventional crushing machines (with a power source that maintains the same crushing efficiency within a unit time, its output is approximately one-half or less than one-third of the conventional one). This means that only one power source is required, which is more economical and leads to the downsizing of the machine.

This effect, therefore, will be of great benefit especially when it comes to crushing of grains, rice husks, etc. in farmers and small-scale factories.

■ An even more important effect is that when the crushing blade is configured as a combination of regulating rotary blades, the falling amount of the crushed material from the hopper is controlled within a predetermined range, and the crushed material is semi-forced. This makes it possible to feed the powder in the direction of the unit crushing blades, which not only stabilizes the crushing efficiency, but also prevents the load on the rotary blades from exceeding the planned value, resulting in damage to the crushing blades and, ultimately, to the crusher. This means that it will be possible to prevent failures before they occur.

■ In addition, the pulverized material that has been ideally pulverized by the ideal parts described above is conveyed in a predetermined direction at the same time as the pulverization is completed, and the blower that is the conveyance mechanism is Since it is configured so that the rotating axis of the blade can be directly shared, it is extremely effective in terms of power transmission efficiency and miniaturization of the product. ,
Alternatively, the complexity of packing the crushed material into bags and then transporting them can be eliminated all at once.

■ In particular, when this blower is combined with a finely pulverized material collection case, in addition to the above-mentioned pulverization and transportation, the function of sorting the pulverized material and preventing dust generation during the work process can be integrated into one device. This will greatly increase the added value of the crusher.

■ In addition, not only are the parts of the device as a whole easy to replace, but in the event of damage, all you have to do is replace the damaged parts.Furthermore, it can be formed into a crushing blade that can be used on both the front and back sides. This makes it inexpensive and highly usable. In particular, when a set of unit crushing blades is employed, this effect becomes even more remarkable.

As mentioned above, this invention not only solves a number of problems such as practicality and economy that could not be solved with previous methods, but also solves a number of problems in terms of practicality and economy that could not be solved with conventional methods. This is a pulverizer with an improved @ structure, which is highly efficient in work, stable in pulverization efficiency, easy to handle as an instrument, possible to downsize the pulverizer, and easy to manufacture. It is guaranteed that the

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings are based on representative examples of the crushing blade of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a sectional view thereof, FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the main part of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a rotating FIG. 4, which is an exploded perspective view for explaining the combination state around the shaft, is an enlarged sectional view of a main part corresponding to FIG. 2 of another embodiment. 1...Crushing blade, 11...Fixed blade, 11a...Same through hole, 11b...Same cutting hole, 12...Rotating blade, 1
2a... The same holding space part, 12b... The same fitting hole, 13
...Spacer, 14...Regulation rotary blade, 15...
Regulation plate, 16...Spacer, 2...Blower, 2
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Rotor blade, 22... Enclosure, 23... Support lid, 24... Elbow 13... Rotating shaft, 4...
・Housing, 5...Hopper, 51...Shutter, 6...Motor, 61...Coupling, 7
... Finely ground material collection case, 8... Stand.ゝ－－! −−′ Figure 3

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1 A crushing blade consisting of a fixed blade and a rotating blade is disposed in a housing communicating with the hopper, and a blower is integrally installed horizontally directly below the crushing blade, and the rotating blade of the crushing blade,
A vertical crusher with a blower, characterized in that it is equipped with a rotary shaft that is connected to a prime mover in common with the rotary blades of the blower. 2. A vertical crusher with a blower according to claim 1, wherein the crushing blades are constructed of a combination of a pair of upper and lower fixed blades and a rotating blade interposed therebetween. 3. A vertical crusher with a blower according to claim 1, in which a regulating blade is assembled directly above the crushing blade 1, and the regulating blade is fitted and fixed to a rotating shaft. 4. A blower according to claims 1 to 3, wherein a large number of through holes are formed in the outer circumferential wall of the blower through which pulverized materials of a predetermined size or less pass through, and a passing pulverized material collection case is disposed outside the blower. Vertical crusher with blower.