JPS6126218Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to a hopper for a railway hopper car or the like.

Conventionally, the interior of the hopper main body is divided into a plurality of storage chambers by a movable diaphragm, and when a load is supplied to a predetermined storage chamber among these storage chambers, this predetermined storage chamber and the adjacent storage chamber A so-called hopper for multimodal transportation is known in which the volume of the predetermined storage chamber is expanded by moving a movable diaphragm between the storage chamber and the storage chamber toward the adjacent storage chamber.

In such a hopper, the bottom of a normal hopper body protrudes in an inverted V-shaped cross section, and the slanted surface of this protrusion is used to transport the stored material to a discharge port provided near the lower end of this slanted surface. It is now designed to guide you. However, such a structure has the disadvantage that the space below the protrusion becomes a dead space, resulting in poor volumetric efficiency of the hopper.

Therefore, in order to overcome this drawback, a rotating plate is fixed to a portion near the lower end of the movable diaphragm, and the movable diaphragm is moved by the rotation of this rotating plate, and a triangular A columnar frame is arranged, and when a loaded object is stored in this storage chamber, the loaded object is also stored below this frame through the gap in the frame, and on the other hand, the loaded object is stored in the storage chamber adjacent to this storage chamber. In the case of storing objects, it has been proposed that a rotary plate is engaged with the inclined portion of the frame to form an inclined surface for discharging the loaded objects. However, in such a structure, if the circumference of the movable diaphragm is increased in order to increase the storage volume,
The loose part of the movable diaphragm is caught between the rotating plate and the frame, which causes the movable diaphragm to be easily bent and damaged, and the lifting of the rotating plate results in a reduction in storage capacity. arise. Furthermore, if the loose part of the movable diaphragm hangs down above the rotating plate, a large dead space is created by the movable diaphragm, and there is a problem in that this slack part is particularly susceptible to damage due to the load or falling of the loaded object. .

The present invention has been developed in view of the above problems, and when the rotating plate is locked to the inclined portion of the inclined support member, the slack portion of the movable diaphragm is located below the tip of the rotating plate. This is an attempt to solve the above-mentioned problems by forming an accommodation space for accommodating the .

Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a railway hopper car for loading coal and cement will be described with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, 7, and 8, in the hopper car according to this embodiment, the upper part of the hopper body 1 is opened in a large rectangular shape over almost the entire width and length. There is. Inside this rectangular upper opening 2, a distribution plate 3 extending over almost the entire length of the hopper body 1 is provided at the center in the width direction. The distribution plate 3 has a substantially V-shaped cross section, and both ends of the distribution plate 3 in the longitudinal direction are fixedly supported by the front and rear end walls 4 and 5 of the hopper body 1, respectively. The distribution plate 3 is provided with a loading port 9 for cement at substantially the center in its longitudinal direction, and vent holes 10 and 11 are provided near both ends thereof, respectively.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, FIG. 7, and FIG. 8, two rubber diaphragms 14 and 15 are disposed inside the hopper body 1 and extend over almost the entire length of the hopper body 1. The inside of the hopper main body 1 is divided into three storage chambers 16, 17, and 18 along the longitudinal direction by rubber diaphragms 14 and 15. The upper edges of these rubber diaphragms 14 and 15 are connected to the distribution plate 3.
are fixedly supported on the inner surfaces of the hopper body 1, and their lower edges are respectively fixedly fixed to the bottom of the hopper body 1. Although not shown in the drawings, both side edges of these rubber diaphragms 14 and 15 are hermetically fixed to tightening portions provided on both end walls 4 and 5 of the hopper body 1, respectively.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, 7, and 8, the rubber diaphragms 14, 15 have a substantially plate-like structure extending along the longitudinal direction of the hopper body 1 at the lower ends thereof. rotating bodies 21 and 22 are arranged, respectively. As clearly shown in FIG. 5, these rotating bodies 21 and 22 are formed by bending plate-like bodies into a substantially U-shape, and are made of stainless steel cylinders fixed to rotating shafts 26 and 27. It is attached to the shaped body 28 by welding.

The rubber diaphragms 14 and 15 have a storage chamber 1 for coal.
Two tongue pieces 30 and 31 are provided on the sides facing 6 and 18, respectively, by being integrally vulcanized with the diaphragm body parts 14' and 15'. The tips of the rotating bodies 21 and 22 are inserted between the upper tongue piece 30 and the diaphragm body parts 14' and 15', respectively. held between the
Bolts or screws 33 provided through these
It is tightened and installed. On the other hand, the tongue piece 31 on the lower side of the rubber diaphragms 14 and 15 is attached to the strap 3.
4 and bolts or screws 35 to rotate the rotating bodies 21 and 2.
The mounting portions of the lower tongue portions 31 are substantially completely covered by the diaphragm body portions 14' and 15', respectively.

In this way, in this example, the rubber diaphragm 14,
15 is mechanically tightened with straps 32, 34 and bolts or screws 33, 35 through two tongue pieces 30, 31 provided on the surfaces of the coal storage chambers 16, 18. It is attached to rotating bodies 21 and 22. Therefore, the durability and reliability of the installation are extremely high.

As shown in FIG. 4, the rotating shafts 26, 27 of the rotating bodies 21, 22 are rotatably supported by both end walls 4, 5 of the hopper main body 1, and are passed through one end wall 4 to provide rotational shafts 26, 27 of the rotating bodies 21, 22. It extends to the outside of 1. And these rotating shafts 26 extending outside,
Swing levers 38 and 39 are fixed to 27, respectively.
These swing levers 38, 39 are connected to connecting rods 40, 4.
1, respectively, to both ends of a rotating lever 43 whose intermediate portion is pivotally supported by the rotating shaft of a gear 42. Therefore, the rotation of the rotation lever 43 causes the connecting rods 40 and 41 to move in opposite directions, thereby causing the rotating shafts 26 and 27 to rotate in opposite directions. A pinion 44 meshes with the gear 42, and this pinion 44
A handle 45 is provided on the rotating shaft. By rotating this handle 45,
The rotating shafts 26 and 27 are rotated through the pinion 44, the gear 42, the rotating lever 43, the connecting rods 40 and 41, and the swinging levers 38 and 39, respectively, thereby rotating the rotating bodies 21 and 22. Rubber diaphragm 14,1
Perform movement 5. Note that these rotating shafts 26, 27
may be rotationally driven by a motor, an air cylinder, or the like.

As shown in FIGS. 2, 3, 7, and 8, slopes 53 and 54 for discharging the coal are formed at the bottoms of the coal storage chambers 16 and 18, respectively. , and the side walls 48, 4 of the hopper body 1
Opening/closing lids 55 and 56 for discharging coal are provided at the lower end of the casing 9, respectively. On the other hand, the bottom of the cement storage chamber 17 is shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, 7 and 8.
As shown in the figure, the hopper body 1 is constituted by a substantially truncated quadrangular pyramid-shaped recess 57 provided at the center of the lower part of the hopper body 1 along its longitudinal direction. A cement discharge port 58 is provided at the lowest central portion of this truncated pyramid-shaped recess 57. This recess 57 is
It can be provided below the frame on which the hopper body 1 is placed. Although not shown, the hopper vehicle according to this embodiment is equipped with a conventionally known air slide (air floating) in order to efficiently discharge cement.
A method is used in which the cement is guided to the discharge port 46 by applying air slides to the lower inclined surfaces of the truncated quadrangular pyramid-shaped recess 57, respectively.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 and 6 to 8, a structure 61 is disposed above the recess 57 in the cement storage chamber 17. As shown in FIGS. This structure 61
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 8, the rotating body 21,
22 to form a slope for discharging coal, a large number of plate-like bodies 62 formed in a substantially V-shape, and a connecting rod 63 for connecting these plate-like bodies 62 to each other. , 64. 6th
As clearly shown in the figure, each pair of plate-like bodies 62 is arranged so as to face each other, and each pair of plate-like bodies 62 is connected to each other by a connecting rod 63. That is, both ends of each connecting rod 63 are bent into a substantially L-shape, and these bent ends are inserted into insertion holes provided in each plate-shaped body 62 and welded. Each pair of plate-like bodies 62 is arranged parallel to each other in the longitudinal direction of the hopper body 1, and each pair is connected to each other by a connecting rod 64. At that time, the connecting rod 64
are inserted into insertion recesses provided on the back of each plate-shaped body 62 and welded thereto. The upper back portion of each plate-like body 62 is formed into an inclined portion 65 for locking the rotating bodies 21 and 22 to form an inclined surface for discharging coal. In this way, the structure 61 is constructed in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the hopper main body 1, that is, in FIGS. The cross-sectional shape in the plane shown is substantially trapezoidal. On the other hand, an inclined portion 68 is formed on the lower back side of each plate-like body 62 to engage with inclined side plate portions 66 and 67 forming the truncated square pyramid-shaped recess 57 provided at the bottom of the storage chamber 17. and each pair of plate-like bodies 62
These inclined portions 68 in the side plate portions 66,
By engaging with 67, the structure 61 is fixedly supported.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 8, the rotating body 21,
22 is locked to the structure 61, a relatively small gap is formed between the tips of the rotating bodies 21 and 22. At this time, the slack portions of the rubber diaphragms 14 and 15 are accommodated through this gap into a substantially triangular prism-shaped space 69 formed between both rotating bodies 21 and 22 and the connecting rod 63. . That is, in this example, in order to increase the volume of each storage chamber 16 to 18 as much as possible, the distribution plate 3 on which the rubber diaphragms 14 and 15 are attached is made smaller and the circumferential length of the rubber diaphragms 14 and 15 in the vertical direction is made longer. are doing. For this reason, the second
When coal is stored as shown in Figures and Figure 7, and Figures 3 and 8.
Rubber diaphragms 14 and 15 when containing cement as shown in the figure.
There is a difference in the effective length of the rubber diaphragms 14 and 15, and therefore a slack portion is created in each of the rubber diaphragms 14 and 15 when the coal is accommodated.

When such a slack portion is caught between the rotating bodies 21, 22 and the structure 61, the rubber diaphragm 14,
15 is easily damaged by bending, and the rotating body 2
1 and 22 cause a problem in that the coal loading capacity is reduced. Furthermore, when this slack part hangs down above the rotating bodies 21 and 22, the rubber diaphragms 14 and 15 become far apart from each other, and a large dead space is formed between them. The rubber diaphragms 14 and 15 are easily damaged by bending and falling coal, and because there is a large cavity between the rubber diaphragms 14 and 15, for example, when a hopper car receives an impact, these rubber diaphragms 14 and 15 may be damaged by excessive force. There is a risk that severe tension may be applied. Therefore, in this example,
A housing space 69 is provided below the rotating bodies 21 and 22 in a portion that is originally a dead space, and this housing space 6
The slack portions of the rubber diaphragms 14 and 15 are respectively accommodated in the diaphragms 9. Therefore, the above-mentioned problem does not occur at all. Note that the gap formed between the tip portions of the rotating bodies 21, 22 is configured to a size such that coal cannot pass between the rotating bodies 21, 22 and the rubber diaphragms 14, 15.

Next, a case will be described in which cement is loaded onto the hopper vehicle configured as described above.

In this case, first operate the handle 45 provided on the outside of the end wall 4 of the hopper main body 1, and then
As shown in the figures and FIG. 7, the rotating bodies 21 and 22 are rotated to move the rubber diaphragms 14 and 15 outward, thereby reducing the storage chambers 16 and 18 for coal, respectively, and the storage chambers 16 and 18 for cement. Enlarge chamber 17. Next, cement is loaded from the loading port 9 for cement. As shown in FIG. 7, the loaded cement passes through the gaps formed between the constituent members of the structure 61 into the recess 57 below the structure 61.
It is also housed inside.

In this manner, in this example, since there is no dead space below the structure 61, cement can be accommodated within a fairly large accommodation space. For this reason, for example, when the loading capacity is the same, the vehicle specification can be made more compact, thereby making it possible to reduce the vehicle weight. Further, in this example, for example, the hopper body 1 of the hopper vehicle
Since the construction is such that cement can be stored in the recess 57 located below the underframe on which the hopper is placed, the advantage is that in this case, the center of gravity of the hopper vehicle is lowered and its running stability is improved. There is also.

When discharging cement, the discharge port 58 provided at the bottom of the storage chamber 17 is opened. As a result, the cement slides down the lower inclined surface forming the truncated quadrangular pyramid-shaped recess 57 with the aid of the air slide method described above, and is guided to the discharge port 58. At this time,
In this example, as shown in FIG.
Since the rubber diaphragms 14 and 15 at the portions 1 and 22 effectively function as inclined surfaces for discharging cement, cement can be discharged extremely efficiently.
Further, in this case, since the surfaces of the rotating bodies 21 and 22 and the attachment parts between the rotating bodies 21 and 22 and the rubber diaphragms 14 and 15 are not exposed to the cement storage chamber 17,
The above-mentioned inclined surface can be configured to be smooth, so that the cement discharge efficiency can be particularly increased, and the amount of cement remaining after discharge can be greatly reduced.

Next, the case where coal is loaded onto this hopper car will be explained.

In this case, first open either the cement loading port 9 or the ventilation port 10, 11 provided on the distribution plate 3 supported by the front and rear end walls 4, 5 of the hopper body 1, and then Diaphragm 14, 15
moves from the position shown by the solid line to the position shown by the chain line in FIG. 2 due to its own weight. Next, the handle 45 is operated to rotate the rotating bodies 21 and 22 to close the rubber diaphragm 1 as shown in FIGS. 3 and 8.
Move 4 and 15 inward. As a result, the coal storage chambers 16 and 18 are respectively enlarged, and the cement storage chamber 17 is reduced. Coal is dropped from above into the upper opening 2 of the hopper body 1, and is distributed into storage chambers 16, 18 by the distribution plate 3 as shown in FIG.
distributed and housed. As described above, in this example, the rubber diaphragms 14 and 15 are moved by their own weight to the position indicated by the chain line in FIG. 2, and then,
Since the rotating bodies 21 and 22 are rotated, the loose parts of the rubber diaphragms 14 and 15 are always attached to the rotating bodies 21 and 22.
The storage space 69 hangs down inside the storage space 69 and is easily accommodated in the storage space 69 by the rotational movement of these rotating bodies 21 and 22.

When unloading coal from the hopper main body 1, the side walls 48,
It is only necessary to open the opening/closing lids 55 and 56 provided at 49. The coal is stored on an inclined surface formed by the rotating bodies 21 and 22 being locked to the inclined portion 65 of the structure 61, and an inclined surface 53 provided at the bottom of the storage chambers 16 and 18.
54 and fall under their own weight, and are discharged from the open discharge ports of the opening/closing lids 55 and 56.
For this purpose, each slope is preset at an angle necessary for discharging the coal.

Although the present invention has been described above with reference to one embodiment, the above embodiment does not limit the present invention in any way, and various modifications can be made based on the technical idea of the present invention. For example, the tilting means is not limited to the structure 61 as in the above embodiment, but it is also possible to use a frame assembled so that the side surface is trapezoidal, a tilting plate having a large number of round holes or slits, etc. It is. In the latter case, it is preferable that the round holes or slits have a size sufficient to allow the contents to pass therethrough, and are constructed so that the area occupation rate with respect to the inclined plate is as large as possible. Further, as the movable diaphragm, a vinyl sheet, cloth, or the like having relatively low elasticity can also be used.

Further, according to the present invention, the hopper can be configured to be able to load various materials other than coal and cement, and in that case, the angle of inclination of the inclined surface may be changed as necessary.

As explained above, in the present invention, an inclined support member having a substantially trapezoidal cross-sectional shape in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the hopper body is provided between a pair of rotating plates, and the rotating plate is When the inclined parts of the inclined support member are locked on both sides, an accommodation space for accommodating the slack part of the movable diaphragm is formed between the tips of the rotary plates and above the trapezoidal inclined support member. I'm trying to make it happen. Therefore, it is avoided that the loose part of the movable diaphragm is caught between the rotating means and the tilting means, or that the loose part hangs down on the upper surface of the rotating means, and therefore the movable diaphragm is prevented from becoming large. This allows the storage volume to be increased.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention,
Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view along the longitudinal direction of the railway hopper car, Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view along the width direction of the same as above, and Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view along the width direction of the railway hopper car.
The figure is a cross-sectional view similar to Figure 2 in a different state, Figure 4 is a partial schematic perspective view showing the diaphragm moving mechanism, Figure 5 is a partial enlarged sectional view showing the diaphragm mounting structure, and Figure 6 is the structure. FIG. 7 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 2 showing a hopper truck loaded with cement, and FIG. 8 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 2 showing a hopper truck loaded with coal. In addition, in the symbols used in the drawings, 14, 15...
...Rubber diaphragm, 16,17,18...Containment chamber, 2
1, 22... Rotating body, 61... Structure, 69...
It is a storage space.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] A hopper body, a pair of movable diaphragms arranged inside the hopper body along the longitudinal direction to divide the interior of the hopper body into a plurality of storage chambers, and each movable diaphragm disposed inside the hopper body in the longitudinal direction. Each of the plurality of movable diaphragms includes a rotating shaft provided close to the lower end of the diaphragm, and a rotating plate for rotating a portion near the lower end of each of the movable diaphragms around the rotating shaft. In order to expand the volume of a predetermined storage chamber among the storage chambers, the movable diaphragm between the predetermined storage chamber and the adjacent storage chamber is moved between the adjacent storage chambers by rotating the rotation plate. In a hopper configured to be able to be moved toward a storage chamber, the hopper has a substantially trapezoidal cross-sectional shape in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the hopper body, and has a slope having a large number of gaps at least in the vertical direction. A support member is provided between the pair of rotary plates attached to a portion near the lower end of the pair of movable diaphragms, and when an object is stored in a storage chamber in which the tilt support member is disposed, the tilt support The stored object is also stored below the inclined support member through the gap of the member, and when storing the stored object in the other storage chamber, the pair of rotating plates are moved to the trapezoidal inclined support member. The movable diaphragm is supported on both sides of the inclined part to form an inclined surface for discharging the stored material, and is arranged between the pair of rotary plates and above the trapezoidal inclined support member to accommodate the slack part of the movable diaphragm. A hopper characterized by forming a storage space.