JPS61257395A - Ship and water jet propeller for ship - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The invention relates to a ship fitted with a water jet propulsion device according to the introduction part of claim WI7, and also relates to a water jet propulsion device for a ship. This relates to propulsion devices.

Conventional technology and problems In principle, waterjet propulsion systems for ships are
a pump, usually a propeller pump, mounted at a suitable location, usually at the aft end of the ship, and connected to a water supply channel extending from an inlet opening usually located at the bottom of the ship; be done. The outlet of the pump is located aft of the transum and outboard of the ship's hull, such that the water jet generated by the pump exits the outlet in an approximately straight aft direction so as to propel the ship forward. Directed. At the outer end of the outlet external to the ship's hull there is usually a pipe or tube located which is connected to the outlet opening and which is generally configured to change the direction of the propelling water jet for steering the ship. It can be swung around a vertical axis. Furthermore, a reversing device is usually arranged near the outlet, for example in the form of a scoop [5coopl or a flap [flapl] or similar device, which reversing device is used to deflect the water jet diagonally forward. either in a fixed exit channel or in a pivotable tube placed aft of this channel for steering the ship, or in the path of a warjet immediately aft of the exit orifice of the tube. can be swung inward, thereby slowing the ship and/or generating reverse propulsion to reverse the ship.

In these conventionally known waterjet propulsion devices, the reversing device, when assuming its active position, directs the waterjet downwardly and forwardly in an approximately vertical plane so that it is directed directly below the bottom of the ship. It is made to be warped. This has certain disadvantages, which are particularly obvious in the case of certain types of ships. For example, in this known configuration, a water jet directed forward and diagonally downward will pass close to the bottom of the ship and at the same time close to the inlet opening of the water supply channel of the propulsion device. A significant amount of this water jet will therefore be drawn back into the water supply channel and fed to the pump, which means that in reality the water cannot be recirculated through the device by the pump. It means something that could happen. As will be understood, by this
The reverse propulsion generated by this device is significantly reduced,
As a result, the reverse propulsion created drops below the desired level, so that the forces acting on the vessel to slow it down and/or reverse it become less than desired.

The level of reverse propulsion produced under these conditions is quite satisfactory for many Φ types of ships, but for other ships the maximum possible reverse propulsion is Facilitation may be required. This is especially true, for example, for military landing craft, but also for other ships that can propel the ship to the shore for unloading and/or loading purposes and then reverse the ship away from the shore. That's true. With the front part of the ship aground on the shore, or in any case with the ship resting on the bottom in shallow water near the shore, it takes considerable force to reverse the ship away from the shore. It will be understood that when using the reversing device configured in the conventional manner described above, the water jet traveling diagonally downward and forward is directed by the reversing device) This makes it all the more difficult to reverse a ship that runs aground because it naturally creates an upward force that tends to lift the stern, thereby pressing the forward part of the ship more firmly against the shore or the bottom of the water. Make it. These drawbacks make waterjet propulsion systems for ships of this type very desirable, even though such waterjet propulsion systems themselves are highly desirable, precisely because of the damage often encountered with conventional propellers on ships of this type. This raised serious doubts about the usefulness of In the case of ships used for military purposes, a waterjet propulsion system with a reversing device constructed in the manner described above may be used to avoid the downward and forward directed thrust produced when the reversing device is placed in its active position. The disadvantage is that the water jets entrain large amounts of air into the water, which creates undesired disturbances and makes the use of hydrophones on board ships difficult.

In order to obviate some of the above-mentioned drawbacks, the art has proposed, for example, U.S. Pat.
No. 75, such that the water jet generated by the pump is divided by an active reversing device into two jets symmetrically directed diagonally forward on each side of the jet pipe of this propulsion device; It is proposed to design a reversing device. According to this configuration, water recirculation through the propulsion device is avoided, but it inherently encounters several drawbacks. For example, two water jets, each guided by a reversing device on either side of the jet pipe of this propulsion device, impinge on the ship's transom and give it forward propulsion, which results in a total reverse flow from the propulsion device. Reduce propulsion. In the case of ships with a relatively low transtum, there is also a risk that a significant amount of water will be injected into the ship.

Object and structure of the invention Therefore, the object of the invention is to provide a ship equipped with a water jet propulsion device and of the type mentioned in the introductory part of claim 1, which eliminates the above-mentioned disadvantages or It is an object of the present invention to provide a ship which is constructed so as to at least significantly reduce and avoid the disadvantages introduced by the device described and illustrated in the above-mentioned U.S. Pat. No. 4,252,075. .

These objects, according to the invention, are formed and arranged on a pivotable tube in such a way that the reversing devices of each of the two water jet devices are deflected diagonally forward, so that said The deflected water jet
This is achieved by passing substantially outward from the side of the hull near the propulsion device.

Other advantageous features of the ship and of the waterjet propulsion device according to the invention will be apparent from the claims.

DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to one embodiment thereof, which is illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

1 and 2 schematically show the stern of the ship, including the transom 1 and the bottom 2. FIG. The illustrated vessel is equipped with two jet propulsion units, generally designated 3 and 4, which are mounted symmetrically at the stern on either side of the vessel's centerline.

Each of the jet propulsion devices comprises a propeller pump with a pump housing 5, which pump housing 5 is located within the transom 1 with an inlet for the pump housing 5 in the hull and, on the other hand, an inlet from the pump housing. is mounted in such a way that its outlet opening is located on the outside of the transtum 1 and is directed substantially straight to the rear. A water supply channel 6 is connected to the inlet of the pump housing 5, which water supply channel 6 is connected to the bottom 2 of the ship.
It extends from the water intake lower. The impeller located within the pump housing 5 is driven by a shaft 8 from a drive (not shown) mounted inside the ship. Connected to the outlet opening of the pump housing 5 is a pipe or tube 9, which tube 9 is generally configured to direct the water jet exiting the outlet opening of the pump housing 5 in a ridge direction for steering the ship. It can be swung by the piston-cylinder arrangement 10 about a vertical axis 11 .

In this regard, the illustrated jet propulsion device is of a previously known construction. These jet propulsion devices are described, for example, in Swedish Patent Specification No. 424.
No. 845. Many other examples of similar types of jet propulsion devices are known in the art. Two jet propulsion devices 3 and 4 installed on a ship shown as an example in the drawings
It will be understood that they are constructed similarly to each other in the respects described above.

A reversing device is provided, by means of which the propulsion water jets, which are directed generally rearward during the normal running of the ship, can be deflected so that they are directed substantially forward, when viewed in the normal direction of travel of the ship; BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION It is known and conventional to provide such jet propulsion systems, with which ships can be slowed down and reversed. This reversing device may have several different forms and is configured to move from a rest position to an active position located within the path of the water jet, thereby deflecting the jet approximately forward. was done, for example,
Devices such as scoop-like members or flaps may also be provided. This reversing device is usually mounted on a pivotable steering duplex, so that the redirection of the jet takes place in or behind the tube, just behind the exit orifice, thereby , which can be used to steer the ship even when the ship is moving backwards. As mentioned above, in the conventional, known inversion @ when the stomach occupies its active state, the water jet is normally deflected diagonally downward and forward, i.e. in an approximately vertical plane, whereby the water jet It passes downwards, just below the bottom of the ship.

In the water jet propulsion device according to this invention,
The reversing device, when occupying its active state, is designed such that the water jet is deflected diagonally forward and towards the side remote from the ship's centerline, whereby the deflected water jet is directed toward the side of the ship. Passing substantially outward from the near side of the hull.

In the illustrated embodiment of the invention, each reversing device of the respective propulsion bags W13 and 4 has a scoop [5co
op]-shaped member 13, which can be swung into the tube 9 by means of a hydraulic piston-cylinder arrangement W112 and which allows the water jet to be moved away from the above-mentioned center line by means of an active reversing device. It is placed on the side of the tube 9 far from the ship's centerline so that it is deflected diagonally forward in a substantially horizontal plane. Therefore, when reversing or moving the ship backwards, the water jets 14, 15 deflected by the reversing scoop 13 and ejected from the propulsion units 3, 4, as shown diagrammatically in FIG. Directed obliquely outward and forward on the sides.

Effects of the Invention The ship reversing device with this configuration has the above-mentioned advantages, namely:
When reversing the ship, it offers the advantage that there is no recirculation of water through the propulsion unit, resulting in a reduction in propulsion, and the stern of the ship is not exposed to forces that would cause it to be lifted. Additionally, very little air is drawn into the water around the boat. Also, the water jets would pass outside the hull on both sides of the ship to avoid hitting the ship's transum and some water being jetted into the ship.

When a reversing device W113 is installed on the pivotable tube 9 used for steering a ship, the reversing device 13 deflects and rotates the 2
Another advantage is that the water jets 14 and 15 emerging from the individual jet propulsion devices 3 and 4 can also be directed in different directions from one another by swirling the tubes 9. In this case, the ship is not only subjected to a force acting backwards, but also a rotational or torsional force,
This causes the ship to rock or “rock” away from the shore.
It can be twisted. By swinging the tubes 9 of the two jet propulsion devices 3.4 in opposite directions, the deflected water jets emanating from the two propulsion devices are directed along the length of the ship, as shown in FIG. It is also possible to orient it approximately parallel to the axis, thereby exerting a greater rearward thrust on the ship.

If desired, a cavity or recess 16 can be formed in the side of the hull in the stern section of the ship to allow the water jet to pass through this location.

From the foregoing, it will be understood that many other embodiments and modifications are possible within the scope of the invention, particularly with respect to the structural design of the reversing device. Although shown as directing the water jet in a substantially horizontal plane, this is not an absolute requirement of this invention.

This is because the primary intention is to direct the water jet to one side and away from the centerline of the ship, so that the jet passes outside the side of the ship.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view of the stern section of the ship from above, partially in section, taken along line I--4 in FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional side view of the stern portion of the ship along the line ■-■ of FIG. 3, 4 and 5 are diagrammatic views from above of the stern part of the ship, in which the reversing devices of the respective water jet propulsion devices are shown in their active state. In the figure, 1 is a transtum, 3.4 is a water jet propulsion device, 5 is a pump housing, 6 is a water supply channel, 9 is a tube, 13 is a reversing device, 14.15 is a water jet, and 16 is a recess. (2 idiots)

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) At least two water jet propulsion units (3, 4
), each propulsion device (3, 4) comprising a pump and a pump housing (5), the pump housing (5) having an inlet opening connected to a water supply channel (6) and a transom (1) of the ship. an outlet opening located outwardly and rearwardly of the outlet opening, to which a tube (9) is connected, which tube (9) is adapted to carry a propellant water jet ejected through said outlet opening. and a reversing device (13) mounted on said tube (9) and said water jet In a ship, the reversing device (13) of each propulsion device (3, 4) is arranged to move between a rest position and an active position in order to deflect the formed and arranged on the pivotable tube (9) so that when the device assumes its active position, the propulsion water jet is directed diagonally forward and towards the side remote from the center line of the ship in question; Ship, characterized in that the deflected water jets (14, 15) are adapted to pass substantially outside the sides of the hull of the propulsion device. (2) On the sides of the ship, close to the stern of the ship, allow water jets (14, 15) to pass, deflected by the reversing devices of the two propulsion devices (3, 4). 2. Ship according to claim 1, characterized in that a recess (16) is formed which acts in a similar manner. (3) a pump having a pump housing (5);
This pump housing (5) has a water supply channel (6)
an inlet aperture for connection to a tube (9) and an outlet aperture for connection to a tube (9), the tube (9) having a substantially vertical axis for directing the propellant water jet exiting from the outlet aperture in a selected direction. further comprising a reversing device (13) which deflects the water jet obliquely forward when viewed in the normal direction of propulsion of the propulsion device and mounted on said tube (9). In a ship's water jet propulsion device, which can be adjusted between a rest position and an active position, a reversing device (13) is provided, in which the water jet is directed diagonally forward in the active position of the reversing device. water jet propulsion of a ship, characterized in that it is formed and mounted on the pivotable tube (9) in such a way that it is deflected laterally on only one side of the pivotable tube (9); Device. (4) A ship according to claim 3, characterized in that the reversing device (13), when occupying its active position, deflects the water jet diagonally forward and to the side in a substantially horizontal plane. Waterjet propulsion device.