JPS61254801A - Inner-diameter measuring instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To measure the inner diameter of an object to be measured under a measuring pressure suitable for the material of the object, by using a driving cylinder which is operated by a fluid pressure as a spindle moving means and making it possible to adjust the fluid pressure optionally. CONSTITUTION:A spindle 7 is supported inside a cylindrical body 5 composed of the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd cylindrical bodies 1, 2, and 3 under an advancing- and retreating-free condition and its front end is engaged with a measuring device 16. The moving quantity of the measuring device 16 corresponding to the inner diameter of an object W to be measured is transmitted to a length measuring unit 8 through the spindle 7 and the inner diameter is measured. In this inner diameter measuring instrument which is constituted in such a way, a pair of air cylinders 31 is used as a moving mechanism which moves the spindle 7 and the spindle 7 is operated by means of an adjustable pneumatic pressure. Therefore, objects to be measured of various materials can be measured under the optimum measuring pressure.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to an inner diameter measuring device for measuring the hole diameter of a workpiece, and more particularly to an inner diameter measuring device equipped with a self-aligning mechanism.

[Technical background of the invention and its problems]

Conventionally, as an internal diameter measuring device for measuring the hole diameter of a workpiece, a dial gauge is attached to one end of a cylindrical body, and a spindle that pushes the measuring shaft of this dial gauge is slidably installed inside the body. However, there is one in which a measuring element is provided at the other end of the main body to follow the movement of the spindle and move back and forth in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the spindle.

Normally, this inner diameter measuring device has a spring interposed between the main body and the spindle to always bias the probe in the protruding direction, but the biasing force of this spring cannot be adjusted from the outside. For example, if you want to change the measurement pressure due to the material of the object to be measured, you have no choice but to replace the spring. Therefore, as a means of changing the bias of this spring, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 57-179702
The publication discloses a structure in which the set length of the spring can be changed arbitrarily using an adjustment mechanism.

Since the probe is always protruded by the bias of this spring, when inserting the probe into the hole of the object to be measured, the probe must be moved back using a manual mechanism.

Furthermore, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-85901 discloses a device in which the spring is biased in the opposite direction so that the probe is always in the retracted position.
After inserting the probe into the hole, the probe must be pushed out using a manual mechanism, making it difficult to maintain stable measurement pressure.

Further, in the technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-32641, since the movable filler is constantly urged to protrude by a spring, a series of skilled manual operations are required, and automation is difficult.

There are also displacement meters that provide electrical output instead of dial gauges to improve reliability against misreadings and recordings, but they are still manually operated and cannot be operated automatically. Automatic measurement was impossible because it could not be inserted and automatic alignment could not be performed during measurement.

On the other hand, there are inner diameter measuring devices for mass production that automatically measure a single hole diameter using air microscopy or electric micros, but the measurement range becomes narrower as the precision becomes higher, and they become specialized and expensive. It is difficult to align the air micros and electric micros with the holes, so versatility cannot be expected.

In short, conventional inner diameter measuring devices cannot automatically control the protrusion and retraction of the probe using external power, and it is difficult to change the pressure setting from the outside.
It could not be used as an automatic measuring device. On the other hand, methods that directly and automatically measure using air microscopy or electric microscopy have a narrow measurement range, and although they can be used exclusively for specific inner diameter dimensions, they are highly versatile and can be used over a wide range of measurement ranges. Since there is no automatic measurement function, the user had no choice but to rely on an expensive special-purpose machine6'' [Purpose of the Invention] This invention enables measurement pressure to be adjusted arbitrarily and achieves high accuracy by adjusting the measurement pressure to suit the material of the object to be measured. The purpose is to construct an inner diameter measuring device that can measure the inner diameter.

[Summary of the invention]

A spindle is housed inside the cylindrical body so that it can move forward and backward in the axial direction thereof, and a measurement mechanism is provided in which a measuring element follows the movement of the spindle and moves forward and backward in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the spindle, In the inner diameter measuring device in which the spindle is moved by a moving mechanism, a drive cylinder operated by fluid pressure is used in the moving mechanism, and the fluid pressure can be arbitrarily adjusted to suit the material of the object to be measured. The inner diameter measuring device was constructed to be able to perform highly accurate measurements using a measured pressure.

[Embodiments of the invention]

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on embodiments with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 1 and 2 show a front and side view of an inner diameter measuring device which is an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS.
This inner diameter side, the main part of which is shown in the figure.

The measuring device includes a measuring mechanism, a moving mechanism that moves the spindle and probe that make up this measuring mechanism, an advancing/retracting mechanism that moves the entire measuring mechanism, a self-aligning mechanism, and controls the operations of the above-mentioned moving mechanism and advancing/retracting mechanism. It consists of a control section and a control section.

Each of these configurations will be described below.

A. Measuring mechanism: □ The measuring mechanism consists of a first cylindrical body ■, a second cylindrical body ■ which is removably and coaxially screwed into one end of this 111i body ω, and a spacer at the other end of the first cylindrical body. It has a cylindrical body (■) consisting of a third cylindrical body (A) coaxially screwed together with the cylindrical body (■) in between, and a pair of bearings (6a) and (6b) installed in this cylindrical body (2) is coaxially supported with the cylindrical body (2) and is movable forward and backward in the axial direction thereof. Adjacent to this spindle (in the third cylinder), a length measuring unit (2) consisting of a magnetic scale is installed via a bushing (0), and a measuring tip (10) at the tip thereof is attached.
comes into contact with one end of the spindle ■. As shown in Fig. 3, a cable (11) that connects to a display device (not shown) is led out from this length measuring unit ■ by passing through the third cylindrical body (toward), and its output is displayed on the display device. or be recorded.

Also, inside the second cylinder (2), an actuating body (1) is in point contact with the other end surface of the spindle (1) via a small diameter ball (12).
3) is slidably inserted. This operating body (13)
has a tapered surface (1
4) is formed. Also, on the outside of the tip of the second cylinder (2), as shown in FIG.

Three cylindrical bodies (15) are protruded in the radial direction with their outer surfaces equally spaced at 120 degrees, and inside each of these cylindrical bodies (15), a stepped columnar measuring element (16) is installed in the axial direction. is slidably inserted into the Each measuring element (16) has a large-diameter end face formed into a tapered surface that makes line contact with the tapered surface (14) of the operating body (13), and a small-diameter portion thereof.

A compression coil spring (18) that passes through the end face of a cap nut (17) that is screwed into the tip of each cylinder (15) and is attached around the middle part of the cap nut (17) always maintains the tapered surface of the large diameter part. It comes into pressure contact with the tapered surface (14) of the actuating body (13). In addition, at the tip of the small-diameter portion protruding from the cap nut (17), a portion extending in the same direction as the axis of the cylindrical body (2) is attached to the inner surface of the hole (H) of the object (W) An abutting anvil (19) is provided. This anvil (19
) is inserted into the side surface of each probe (16) from the end surface side of the second cylindrical body (1) along the axis of the probe (16) in order to properly contact the inner surface of the hole (H). A key groove (21) is provided to slidably fit the key (20).

B. Moving mechanism: □ The moving mechanism is, as shown in FIG.
A pair of air cylinders (31) are attached to a pair of joint plates (30) which are screwed so as to face each other on both the left and right sides of one end of the body, and extend parallel to the cylindrical body (2). The pair of air cylinders (31) are operated by regulated air pressure supplied from an air source via a pressure regulating valve. Each rod (
32) is located in the direction of the probe (16),
Each tip is connected to a first
A ring-shaped external engagement member (34) is connected to the outer surface of the cylindrical body ω and slidably fits therein. This external engagement member (
On the side surface of the first cylindrical body (34), an elongated long hole (35) is formed symmetrically in the axial direction of the cylindrical body ω, and inside the first cylindrical body, the above-mentioned external Engagement member (34
), an internal engagement member (36) is provided which is integrally attached to the spindle (2) by screwing, press-fitting, gluing, etc. As shown in FIG. 6, the internal engagement member (36) and the external engagement member (34) are connected by a pair of pins (37) passing through the elongated hole (35).

The forward and backward movement of the rod (32) of each air cylinder (31) is transmitted to the spindle (2).

Further, an external engaging member (3
4), a ring-shaped stopper (38) for regulating the retreating position of the rod (32) of each air cylinder (31) is screwed so that its mounting position can be adjusted, as shown in FIG. There is.

C0 self-aligning mechanism: □ The self-aligning mechanism includes a second aligning section provided on the outside of the first cylindrical body.

The first alignment part includes a tapered part (40) that is integrally provided on the outer surface of the first cylinder body (2) and has a large diameter in the backward direction of the rod (32) of the air cylinder (31), and a taper part (40) that is integrally provided on the outer surface of the first cylinder body A guide hole (41) having a tapered side surface that is in close contact with the tapered surface of the tapered part (40) is formed by freely inserting the second cylindrical body (1) side end part of the body (2) and the second cylindrical part adjacent thereto. A first bracket (alignment seat) (42) is provided.

In addition, the second alignment part is connected to a pair of joint plates (3) on the third cylinder body).
0) A second bracket (alignment seat) (44) provided with a pair of tapered protrusions (43) located between them and erected in the same direction as the axis of the cylindrical body (2); As shown in the figure, it is screwed onto the tips of a pair of joint plates (30).

The guide plate (46) is provided with a pair of through holes (45) that fit into the large diameter portions of the pair of tapered protrusions (43).

Each bracket (42) of the first and second alignment parts, (
44) is attached to a first support plate (47) arranged behind the measuring mechanism and moving mechanism, in particular attached to the second bent first support plate (47), and in particular attached to the second bracket (44). 44) is the guide hole (
When the tapered surface of the tapered portion (40) is brought into close contact with the guide plate (41), the large-diameter portion of the pair of tapered protrusions (43) touches the guide plate (41).
6), and between the substrate surface of the second bracket (44) and the guide plate (46).
It is attached to leave a gap of ~2cm.

Further, when the measuring mechanism is installed vertically, the first bracket (42) automatically aligns and supports the lower part of the measuring mechanism by its own weight. At this time, the second bracket (44) self-aligns the upper part of the measuring mechanism by fitting its pair of tapered protrusions (43) into the through holes (45) of the guide plate (46). , and the rotation around the axis of the cylindrical body (2) is restrained.

D. Advance/retreat mechanism: □ The advance/retract mechanism is parallel to the cylindrical body (■) of the measuring mechanism, and the air cylinder (31) and rod (50) of the moving mechanism are reversed in direction, and the base body (52) is moved by the joint (51). ) and the air cylinder (53) attached to this air cylinder (
and a second support plate (54) extending along the axis of the second support plate (53). This second support plate (54) is connected to the air cylinder (53).
) is connected to the rod (50) of the rod (50) via joints (55) and (56), and as the rod (50) moves forward and backward, it moves in the same direction as the rod (50) along a linear guide (not shown). It has become.

The second support plate (54) supports the measuring mechanism, the movement mechanism, and the self-aligning mechanism via the first support plate (47), and has a pair of protruding positions on the plate surface. Glue pins (57a), (57b) and first support plate (47)
The first support plate (47) is positioned by a pair of positioning holes provided in the
a) to (5111c) allow this to be removably fixed. Thus, when the first support plate (47) and the second support plate (54) are correctly positioned and fixed, the measuring mechanism supported by the self-aligning mechanism is correctly positioned on the axis specific to this inner diameter measuring device. It becomes like this.

E. Control unit: □ Inside the cylinder of the air cylinder (53) of the advance/retreat mechanism,
A magnet for detecting the rod position that moves together with the rod (50) is enclosed and outside this cylinder.

A reed switch (60) that controls the forward stop position of the rod (50) in cooperation with the magnet, and a measuring element (16) of the measuring mechanism located at the measuring position II in the hole (H) of the object to be measured (W). The reed switch (61) detects that the band (62) and (6
3) and reed switch (61)
The mounting position is variable. In addition, the above air cylinder (
At the tip of the air cylinder (53), there is a stopper (
64), a proximity sensor (65), such as a magnetic sensor, is attached by a mounting bracket (66) to detect when the rod (50) stops moving backward.

The control device (not shown) includes the reed switch (60),
Based on the outputs of (61) and the proximity sensor (65), the operation of the moving mechanism and the forward/backward mechanism, the input of the output from the length measuring unit (c) to the display device, etc. are controlled.

Next, the operation of this inner diameter measuring device will be described.

First, when the pair of air cylinders (31) of the moving mechanism are operated in the backward direction, the movement of the rods (32) of these air cylinders (31) is caused by the movement of the joint (33) and the external engagement member (34).
), the pin (37), and the internal engagement member (36) to the spindle ■, causing the measuring element (10) of the length measuring unit (c) to retreat, and the compression coil spring (18
) causes the operating body (13) to follow the movement of the spindle (2) while retracting the probe (16) toward the axis of the second cylinder (2).

On the other hand, when the air cylinder (53) of the advancing/retracting mechanism is operated in the forward direction, the rod (50) of this air cylinder (53)
), the movement of the joints (55), (56), and the second support plate (
54).

The first and second self-aligning mechanisms are connected via the first support plate (47).
It is transmitted to the brackets (42) and (44), and the cylindrical body 0
While the measuring mechanism is supported by the first centering part provided at the bottom of the cylinder, the measuring mechanism is self-aligned by the first centering part and the second centering part provided above the cylindrical body (2).

The air cylinder (53) then stops at its forward end.

The stoppage of forward movement is detected by a reed switch (62) attached to the outside. At this time, the measuring mechanism is supported and centered on the axis unique to the device.

When the air cylinder (53) is operated in the backward direction from this state, the rod (50) of this air cylinder (53) moves and is attached to the second support plate (54) and this second support plate (54). The first support plate (47) is moved, and the first support plate (47) attached to the first support plate (47) is moved.
The measuring mechanism supported by the second brackets (42) and (44) is advanced toward the hole (H) of the object to be measured (W) positioned by a positioning mechanism (not shown).

Thus, the measuring head (1
6) reaches the measuring position in the hole (H).

A reed switch (61) whose mounting position is adjusted to detect this is activated, and a contact signal is sent to the control device. Based on this contact signal, the control device issues a forward movement command to the air cylinder (31) of the moving mechanism, whereby the rod (32) of the air cylinder (31) moves forward at a predetermined adjusted air pressure.

The advancement of the rod (32) of this air cylinder (31) is
Joint (33), external engagement member (34), pin (37)
, are transmitted to the spindle (1) via the internal engagement member (36), and each of the three probes (16) is advanced toward the inner surface of the hole (H) via the operating body (13). On the other hand, the measuring element (10) of the length measuring unit (2) also moves following the movement of the spindle (2).

As the three probes (16) move forward, each probe (1
When the anvil (19) provided at the tip of the hole (H) comes into contact with the inner surface of the hole (H) with a pressing force corresponding to the adjusted air pressure applied to the rod (32) of the air cylinder (31), this The measuring mechanism stops at that position due to the frictional force generated between it and the inner surface.

Even if the measuring mechanism stops as described above, the air cylinder (5
3) continues to retreat, creating a gap between the first bracket (42) and the tapered portion (40) of the first il core formed in the first cylindrical body (2) of the stopped measuring mechanism. At the same time, the tapered protrusion (43) provided on the second bracket (44) of the second alignment part and the guide plate (46) are unfitted. Thus, the rod (5) of the air cylinder (53)
When the stopper (64) attached to 0) comes into contact with the end of the cylinder and stops, the measuring mechanism is released from the self-aligning mechanism and moves to the anvil (19) provided on each measuring point (16). Accordingly, it is aligned and supported on the axis of the hole (H) with reference to the inner surface of the hole (H).

When the stopper (64) attached to the rod (50) of the air cylinder (53) comes into contact with the end of the cylinder as described above, the proximity sensor (65) detects the stopper (64).
Detects the approach of the proximity sensor (65), and based on the output signal sent from the proximity sensor (65), the control device latches the output of the length measuring unit (■), displays it on the display device, and further displays the output of the recording device. can be recorded.

When the measurement of the inner diameter of the hole (H) is completed, the air cylinder (
31) in the backward direction, and the air cylinder (53) in the forward direction. The above air cylinder (
31), the 81g constantor ζ16) follows the movement of the spindle (2) and retreats due to the bias of the compression coil spring (18), and is released from contact with the inner surface of the hole (H). The measuring mechanism, which has been released from contact with the inner surface of the hole (H), is pulled up from the hole (H) while being supported by the first bracket (42) that moves due to the operation of the air cylinder (53), and 53) stops at its forward end and the reed switch (62) is actuated, the measuring mechanism
, and stops in a self-aligned state at the second alignment section.

Configuring the inner diameter measuring device as described above has the following effects.

(B) When measuring the inner diameter of the hole (H) with high precision, it is necessary to change the measuring pressure appropriately depending on the material of the object to be measured (W). An air cylinder (31) is used to adjust the air pressure as desired, and the probe (16) is inserted into the hole (H).
), the measurement pressure can be changed over a wide range, and it can be used to measure various objects made of different materials (
W) can be measured with the optimum measurement pressure. Further, the adjustment is easier than the conventional measurement pressure adjustment using a spring, and therefore it is suitable for automatic measurement.

(b) To measure the inner diameter of the hole (H), the measuring mechanism is inserted so that its axis coincides with the axis of the hole (H) of the positioned object to be measured (W). When the measuring device inserts the measuring tip (16) into the hole (H).

Since it is inserted backwards towards the axis of the measuring mechanism,
Even if the measuring mechanism is eccentric to the hole (H), it can be easily inserted, and even a simple positioning mechanism with low accuracy can automatically measure the inner diameter of the hole (H).

(c) When the probe (16) reaches the measurement position in the hole (H), the moving mechanism operates to move the probe (16) into the hole (H).
At the same time, the self-aligning mechanism is released and the axis of the measuring mechanism automatically aligns with the axis of the hole (H), allowing stable and ideal measurements. be able to.

(d) The cylindrical body ■ that constitutes the housing of the measuring mechanism is
There is a long hole (35) through which the pin (37) of the moving mechanism passes, but this long hole (35) is shielded from the outside of the cylindrical body (3) by an external engagement member (34), making the measuring mechanism a sealed structure. This prevents dust from entering the cylindrical body (2), allowing stable measurements to be made.

(E) The second cylindrical body (2) that supports the measuring head (16) is configured to be detachable, that is, replaceable, and the first support plate (47) that supports the entire measuring mechanism is configured to be detachable and replaceable with respect to the advancing/retracting mechanism. Since the configuration allows for easy positioning, prepare a cylindrical body with multiple types or a measuring mechanism, and select one of them that has a measurement range that matches the inner diameter of the hole (H) of the object to be measured (W). By doing so, it is possible to perform measurements over a wide range.

For example, 06 pairs of cylinders with a measurement interval of 5 cm have an inner diameter of 20 to 50 mm.
■, 05 sets of cylinders with measurement interval of 10■, inner diameter 50~100■
, inner diameter 100~200+ with 4 sets of cylinders with measurement range of 25cm
By preparing three types of measuring mechanisms each equipped with a measuring unit (2) corresponding to the hole (H) of s and matching the above-mentioned measurement interval, it is possible to measure an inner diameter in the range of 20 to 200 mm without any trouble. In this case, the cylinder ■ can be replaced by screwing it in, and the measuring mechanism can be replaced by simple positioning and tightening with a thumbscrew, so the cylinder ■ corresponding to the inner diameter of the hole (H) can be replaced. Alternatively, the measuring mechanism can be quickly and easily replaced.

Next, other embodiments will be described.

In the above embodiment, a pair of air cylinders were placed on both sides of the measuring mechanism to prevent unnecessary unbalanced torque from being applied to the spindle, but the air cylinder of this moving mechanism was placed coaxially with the measuring mechanism on its end. One piece may be arranged, and the connecting member may be detoured and connected to the external engagement member.
In this case, since the measuring mechanism and the moving mechanism can be made thinner than those in the above embodiment, it can be applied to measuring the inner diameter of a small-diameter deep hole.

Further, in the above embodiments, the inner diameter measuring device was configured as an automatic measuring device, but it is also possible to configure this for manual operation. For example, from the inner diameter measuring device, the first. Omitting self-aligning mechanisms such as the second alignment section and first support plate, the manual switch and manual air valve operate the operation of the air cylinder that moves the measurement mechanism, and the latch signal outputs the displacement amount of the length measurement unit. A grip section equipped with a switch or the like can be provided on or outside the end of the measuring mechanism so that it can be operated with one hand.

Furthermore, in the above embodiments, air cylinders were used for the moving mechanism and advance/retreat mechanism, but these air cylinders may be hydraulic cylinders, and the length measuring unit of the measuring mechanism is not limited to the magnetic scale, but may be of other types. But that's fine.

Furthermore, in the embodiment described above, the output of the length measuring unit is sent to the display device so that it can be displayed as 1 and can also be recorded.
This may be sent to an arithmetic unit for more advanced processing such as dimension and shape data.

〔Effect of the invention〕

An inner diameter measuring device having a measuring mechanism configured such that a measuring element follows the movement of a spindle and moves back and forth in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the spindle.

A drive cylinder operated by fluid pressure is used to move the spindle, and the fluid pressure can be adjusted arbitrarily, so the measurement pressure can be changed over a wide range, making it ideal for various objects to be measured made of different materials. The inner diameter can be easily measured with a measurement pressure of

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a partially sectional front view of an internal diameter measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view thereof, and FIG.
The figure is a sectional view taken along the line ■-■ in FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the measuring mechanism of the inner diameter measuring device shown in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 5 to 8 are a sectional view taken along the line ■-■ in FIG. 1. No ■－■
FIG.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A measuring mechanism in which a spindle is installed inside a cylindrical body so that it can move forward and backward in the axial direction, and a measuring element follows the movement of the spindle and moves forward and backward in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the spindle. a moving mechanism that uses a drive cylinder as a power source to move the spindle in its axial direction to advance and retreat the measuring element in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the spindle;
An inner diameter measuring device comprising means for adjusting the fluid pressure of the drive cylinder. (2) The cylindrical body has a long hole on its side in the axial direction of the cylindrical body, and the moving mechanism is slidably fitted on the outer surface of the cylindrical body and attached to the rod of the drive cylinder. a ring-shaped external engagement member located inside the cylindrical body and attached to the spindle; The inner diameter measuring device according to claim 1, further comprising a pin that connects the engaging member.