JPS6124489Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] This invention relates to a garbage storage and discharge device that stores a large amount of municipal waste mainly discharged from ordinary households, compresses it, and then discharges it in a crushed or block state. .

When transporting municipal waste from a storage tank that stores a large amount using a vacuum transport system, it is necessary to crush the waste to avoid clogging the transport route.

Furthermore, when adopting a system in which municipal waste is transported from the storage tank to a landfill or incineration plant by a collection vehicle, it may be necessary to crush the waste.

Therefore, in the past, garbage was crushed by installing a crusher in the garbage storage tank, but since garbage crushers are usually of the shear type, hard objects such as bottles get mixed into the garbage. However, not only could it not be crushed, but it also caused problems such as clogging the transportation system.

Based on the above-mentioned viewpoint, this invention provides a garbage storage and discharge device that can fully automatically and highly efficiently discharge a fixed amount of crushed garbage at a desired degree of crushing, and has a garbage receiving port at the top. A horizontal cylindrical storage chamber whose tip is formed as a waste extrusion port, a plunger whose retracted position is a fully open position of the waste reception port and can be freely pushed into the storage chamber, and a plunger that can freely close the waste ejection port. a discharge valve having a crushing blade on a surface facing into the storage chamber and capable of moving forward and backward and rotating with power; a garbage crushing chamber formed on the back surface of the discharge valve; and a garbage crushing chamber connected to the lower end of the garbage crushing chamber. It is characterized in that it is equipped with a pneumatic main pipe for pneumatically transporting crushed waste.

Next, the apparatus of this invention will be explained by way of examples with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the device according to the invention in a longitudinal sectional side view, and FIG. 2 shows a sectional view taken along the line of FIG. As shown in the drawings, the device of this invention has a horizontal cylindrical storage chamber 1 with a garbage reception port 1A at the top and a garbage pushout port 1B at the tip, and a position where the garbage reception port 1A is fully opened. A plunger 2 which is in a retracted position and can be freely pushed into the storage chamber 1, a plunger 2 which can freely close the waste extrusion port 1B, and a crushing blade 3 on a surface facing into the storage chamber 1 for forward and backward displacement and power rotation. The discharge valve 4 is equipped with a discharge valve 4 which can be freely switched.

A garbage input chute 5 is provided in the garbage reception port 1A.
The garbage input chute 5 is opened at the top of the cylinder immediately before the plunger 2 reaches its maximum retraction position.

The plunger 2 has a non-circular cross-sectional shape with an open rear end, and is housed in a plunger chamber 6 formed by extending the cylinder chamber toward the rear end of the cylinder 1. Wheels 7, 7 are disposed on the horizontal lower surface of the plunger 2. is provided.

The plunger chamber 6 has one end of a hydraulic cylinder 8 fixed to a rear end wall 6A.
is designed to have a stroke that prevents the rear end of the plunger 2 from entering the cylinder 1 even when the plunger 2 to which the tip of the ram 8A is fixed is pushed forward to the maximum.

On the left and right side surfaces of the cylinder 1 and the plunger chamber 6, protrusions 9, 9 for preventing dust from turning are provided in correspondence with the vertical side surfaces of the plunger 2.

Further, rollers 10, 10, which are rotatable on the protrusions 9, are attached to the vertical side surfaces of the plunger 2, while a hard rubber piece that closes the gap with the inner surface of the cylinder 1 is attached to the front end surface of the rollers 10, 10. etc. closing member 11
is attached to prevent dirt from entering the plunger chamber 6.

The discharge valve 4 has a screw rod 12 protruding from the center of the back surface thereof, the axis of which is aligned with the extension of the axis of the cylinder 1.

The screw rod 12 is inserted into a sleeve 15 rotatably supported by a group of bearings 14 on the frame 13, and a sliding key 16 fixed to the sleeve 15 side is inserted into a key groove 17 of a required length parallel to the axis.
It is fitted into the sleeve 15 and can freely rotate integrally with the sleeve 15 and can be displaced in the axial direction with respect to the sleeve 15.

The sleeve 15 is formed integrally with a large-diameter groove pulley 18 facing the rear of the frame 13.

The groove pulley 18 has an output shaft 1 of a reversible motor 19.
A V-belt 21 is stretched across a small-diameter groove pulley 20 fixed to 9A.

In Figure 1, to simplify the diagram, V-belt 2
1 is shown as having only one belt, but in reality, the belt has three to four belts, and the groove pulleys 18 and 20 are also pulleys with three to four grooves.

At the rear end of the screw rod 12, there is provided a discharge valve control mechanism 22, which is shown in a vertical rear view in FIG.

The discharge valve control mechanism 22 includes, as shown in a plan view in FIG. 4, a control member 23 having a half-nut-shaped tip 23A that can be freely screwed into the threaded groove of the screw rod 12, and a control member 23 as shown in FIG. Head 24A as shown in plan view in
It has a stopper 24 which is cut in half vertically and engages the rear end of the screw rod 12 to prevent the screw rod 12 from moving backward.

The control member 23 has a rear portion 23B formed as an iron core inserted into a coil 25, and the stopper 24 also has a rear portion 24B formed as an iron core inserted into a coil 26, and operates like a solenoid.

The control member 23 and the stopper 24 are connected to the coil 2
By applying a voltage to 5 and 26, the screw rod 12 is moved in a direction that acts on it, and becomes in an operating state.

On the other hand, the discharge valve 4 blocking the waste outlet 1B
The space facing the back side is formed in a garbage crushing chamber 27, and the lower end of this garbage crushing chamber 27 is connected to a vent pipe 28.
It is connected to the pneumatic main pipe 29 via.

Since this device has the above-mentioned configuration, the plunger 2 is retracted into the plunger chamber 6, and the discharge valve 4 is advanced to the maximum to close the waste outlet 1B, as shown in FIG. , through Shoot 5,
When municipal waste is sequentially introduced, the waste gradually accumulates in the cylinder 1.

When a certain amount of dust has accumulated inside the cylinder 1, this is detected by, for example, an ultrasonic level meter (not shown), and the hydraulic cylinder 8 is activated.
When the plunger 2 is pushed forward, the plunger 2 advances into the cylinder 1 and compresses the waste between it and the discharge valve 4.

The operating pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 8 at this time is, for example,
If the pressure is set to 30Kg/ ^cm2 and the hydraulic line is automatically switched to the reverse direction when this pressure is reached, the waste compressed at 30Kg/ ^cm2 will gradually flow into cylinder 1.
increases within.

Eventually, when it is detected by means such as counting the stroke of the plunger 2 or measuring the return time that the cylinder 1 is filled with debris compressed at 30 kg/cm ² , the plunger 2 If the hydraulic pressure applied to the hydraulic cylinder 8 is switched to a high pressure (for example, 70 kg/cm ² ), the dirt will be compressed even more strongly and become a hard lump.

At this point, once the ram 8A is retracted, the cylinder 1
While keeping the pressure applied by the plunger 2 to zero against the dirt inside, the control member 23 is moved forward by applying voltage to the coil 25 to be screwed into the screw rod 12, and at the same time, the stopper 24 is moved to the engagement position with the screw rod 12. By applying a voltage to the coil 26, the screw rod 12 is released from being prevented from moving backward.

In this state, start the motor 19 and pull the groove pulley 1.
When 8 is rotated, a thrust is generated in the screw rod 12, which rotates while being screwed into the half-nut-shaped control member 23 in a fixed position, and moves backward.

The retreat of the screw rod 12 is the retreat of the discharge valve 4 that is integrated with it, and the retreated discharge valve 4 is connected to the waste outlet 1B.
to open.

The retraction limit of the discharge valve 4 at this time is the sliding key 1.
6 and the length of the keyway 17. For example, if the inner diameter of the pneumatic main pipe 29 is 300 mm, it is set to about 200 mm.

When the discharge valve 4 is retracted to the maximum retraction limit, the control member 23 is returned to the old state, and then, when the hydraulic pressure is supplied to the hydraulic cylinder 8 again to force the plunger 2 forward, solid waste is discharged from the opened garbage extrusion port 1B. The dirt is forced out and pressed against the front of the discharge valve 4, which continues to rotate due to the rotation of the motor 19.

At this time, the dirt is removed from the cylinder 1 by the protrusions 9, 9.
is prevented from rotating within the

Since the crushing blade 3 is attached to the front of the discharge valve 4, the hardened garbage that is pushed out is crushed sequentially from the tip and scattered into the crushing chamber 27, and becomes crushed pieces from the bend pipe 28. It is sucked into the pneumatic main pipe 29 and transported to the target processing equipment.

The rotational speed of the discharge valve 4 is determined depending on the degree of crushing, and for example, it is set to about 10 rpm when it is only necessary to break down hardened garbage, but it is set to a high rotation speed when pulverization is necessary.

On the other hand, the degree of crushing is determined by the pressing force of the plunger 2.

That is, the higher the hydraulic pressure supplied to the hydraulic cylinder 8, the more finely pulverized the particles can be.

When the hardened garbage has been crushed in this way, the plunger 2 is retracted to the maximum retraction position, the motor 19 is stopped, and the control member 2 is retracted.
3 to the screw rod 12, and the motor 19
When the screw is rotated in the opposite direction, the screw rod 12 moves forward due to the generated thrust, so that the integrated discharge valve 4 moves forward and closes the waste outlet 1B.

When the control member 23 is moved back at the moment when the discharge valve 4 closes the waste extrusion port 1B, the discharge valve 4 remains at the extrusion port closed position, and eventually comes to rest as the motor 19 stops.

In this state, move the stopper 24 forward and tighten the screw rod 12.
prevents the vehicle from retreating and waits for the next garbage compaction.

Thereafter, the above operation is repeated to supply the crushed waste to the pneumatic main pipe 29.

FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment of this invention, and a second embodiment of the invention.
Only the parts that differ from the embodiment are shown in a longitudinal sectional side view.

This embodiment differs from the first embodiment only in the drive mechanism for opening and closing the waste outlet 1B by driving the discharge valve 4 in the axial direction.

That is, the screw rod 12, the control member 23, and the stopper 24
In contrast to the first embodiment in which the axial movement of the screw rod 12 was controlled by, etc., in this second embodiment,
The difference is that a plurality of hydraulic cylinders 30 are used.

The hydraulic cylinder 30 is fixed to the frame 13 side, and a receiver 31 is attached to the tip of the rod 30A.

As shown in the enlarged side view of FIG. 7, the receiver 31 has a groove 32 for catching the peripheral edge of the discharge valve 4, and thrust bearings 33 are mounted on the inner surface of this groove. This is the installed member.

The movement of the discharge valve 4, that is, the opening and closing of the waste outlet 1B, is driven by the hydraulic cylinder 30, and the rotation of the discharge valve 4 is controlled by the sliding key 16 fixed to the sleeve 15, as in the first embodiment. This is because the straight rod 12' instead of the screw rod 12 is engaged with the keyway 17'.

Incidentally, instead of using the sliding key 16 and the keyway 17', the sleeve 15' and the straight rod 12'' are fitted in a non-circular sliding fit, as shown in the enlarged longitudinal sectional front view in FIG. You can also achieve your goals by doing this.

In addition, when transporting by truck instead of using the pneumatic main pipe 29, a belt conveyor is installed as appropriate in place of the crushing chamber 27, except for the bend pipe 28 and below, and the falling crushed waste is sequentially supplied to the truck. I'm going to go to the middle of the day.

As is clear from the above explanation, the device of this invention can compress and crush garbage fully automatically and effortlessly, and can intermittently crush or break down and discharge a quantity of garbage determined by the volume of the cylinder. This method has the advantage of being extremely effective not only in truck transportation, but especially in small-diameter pneumatic tube transportation.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a vertical side view showing the first embodiment of the device of this invention, Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken from the line shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional rear view of the discharge valve control mechanism, and Fig. 4 is a control FIG. 5 is an enlarged plan view of the stopper; FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway side view showing the second embodiment; FIG. 7 is an enlarged side view showing the tip of the receiver; FIG. FIG. 8 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional front view showing the fitting of the sleeve and the straight rod in a modified example. In the drawings, 1... cylinder, 1A... garbage reception port, 1B... garbage extrusion port, 2... plunger, 3... crushing blade, 4... discharge valve, 5... chute, 6... plunger chamber, 8...Hydraulic cylinder,
8A...Ram, 9...Convex strip, 12...Screw rod, 1
2', 12''...straight rod, 13...frame, 15,
15'...Sleeve, 16...Sliding key, 17,
17'...Keyway, 18,20...Groove pulley, 1
9...Reversible motor, 21...V belt, 22...
Discharge valve control mechanism, 23... Control member, 24... Stopper, 25, 26... Coil, 27... Crushing chamber, 28... Bend pipe, 29... Pneumatic feed main pipe, 30
... Hydraulic cylinder, 31 ... Receiver, 32 ... Groove,
33...Thrust bearing.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A horizontal cylindrical storage chamber having a garbage reception port at the top and a garbage extrusion port at the tip, and a plunger whose retracted position is when the garbage reception port is fully opened and can be freely pushed into the storage chamber. and a discharge valve capable of freely closing the waste extrusion port and having a crushing blade for crushing the waste by rotation on a surface facing into the storage chamber, which can be freely moved forward and backward and can be rotated by power.
Garbage storage and discharge comprising a garbage crushing chamber formed on the back side of the discharge valve, and a pneumatic main pipe connected to the lower end of the garbage crushing chamber for pneumatically conveying the crushed garbage. Device.