JPS61242969A - Undercoating material composition - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention What) Purpose of the Invention [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to the application of a waterproof sheet such as polyvinyl chloride or butyl rubber to the surface of civil engineering or buildings, or a coating film of acrylic rubber or urethane. The present invention relates to a composition for a base material that is applied under these sheets or coatings in waterproofing treatment carried out by applying waterproofing materials, and can be widely used in the fields of civil engineering and architecture.

[Conventional technology]

When applying waterproofing treatment to buildings and structures in the civil engineering and construction industries, careful preparation of the substrate on which the sheet or coating will be applied is an essential condition in order to ensure high durability. Various materials have been developed for use as a sub-base.

The main functions required of a base material are: - adjusting the unevenness of the surface of a building or structure (hereinafter referred to as the frame), and - mediating the bond between the frame and waterproofing material.Portland cement is a material that satisfies these functions. Generally, a material called resin mortar is widely used, which is mainly composed of cement components such as cement, and also contains a synthetic resin emulsion such as acrylic resin or vinyl acetate resin for the purpose of improving adhesion to the base.

-F, lumber, and one piece of water. The machining and spraying are applied using a machine to a thickness that allows the unevenness of the structure to be adjusted, and then waterproofing is applied using a coating film or sheet.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, conventional base materials have been insufficient for providing highly durable waterproof treatment for the following reasons.

O Disadvantages of conventional base materials for waterproofing■ Generally, drying shrinkage is higher than that of concrete, so the applied base material (hereinafter referred to as the base material layer) cracks easily, forming on the surface of the base material layer. This gives the waterproof layer zero span tension, making it easy to break the waterproof layer.

■ If a crack occurs in the building frame, the crack can easily propagate through the base material layer and cause the waterproof layer to break.

■ If water or solvent stays inside the base material layer, the resulting vapor pressure may cause the waterproof layer to swell or peel.

■ When a PVC sheet or a butyl rubber sheet is spread on the surface of a base material layer via an adhesive, air often remains in the adhesive layer, and once air is trapped, it may cause damage when using a conventional base material. Even if pressure is applied, the air cannot be removed, creating floating areas and causing the sheet to swell.

■ If a material that uses a resin emulsion is applied thickly to improve the adhesion of the base material, drying will be significantly delayed, and if waterproofing is carried out in an undried state, the waterproof layer will deteriorate due to the same reason as in ■. It is easy to swell or peel off.

■ Base materials made only of inorganic materials without emulsions generally have weak adhesion to the structure, so the base material layer tends to float more easily than the structure.

The present invention is an excellent base material that eliminates the drawbacks of the conventional base materials mentioned above, that is, it does not peel off or crack due to shrinkage, minimizes the propagation of the movement of the building frame to the waterproof layer, and has a high vapor pressure. This study was conducted to find a suitable base material that would allow the diffusion of

(B) Structure of the Invention [Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention relates to a composition for base materials that does not have the above-mentioned drawbacks, and is applicable to cement, synthetic resin emulsion, foam, and fibrous materials. The present invention relates to a base material composition for waterproofing, characterized by containing the following. The base material obtained from the composition of the present invention eliminates the drawbacks of conventional base materials, and by using such a composition,
It is possible to form a good waterproof base that does not cause the base material to lift off from the frame or crack, relaxes the movement of the base towards the waterproof layer, and does not cause blistering of the waterproof layer.

[For production]

■ The base material according to the present invention contains cement and a synthetic resin emulsion, so it has good adhesive properties, and because it uses a foam with low strength as an aggregate, it has a relatively low adhesive strength. gives a cured product with low base material strength. As a result, the drying shrinkage of the base material and the movement of the frame are diffused into the base material layer, so no stress is applied to the bonding surface between the base material and the frame, and good adhesive durability can be obtained.

■ In addition, a buffer zone made of relatively low-strength foam is formed within the strong network structure composed of cement, synthetic resin emulsion, and fibrous material, resulting in a strong structure that resists thermal expansion and drying. Buffers the movement of buildings due to contraction,
Improves the crack tracking performance of waterproof materials.

(2) The base material according to the present invention is given good ventilation performance by containing a fibrous substance, and exhibits even better performance when the fiber length of the fiber or fibrous substance is 3 or more.

Furthermore, this ventilation performance is a unique effect that can only be obtained when a foam is used in combination, and is presumed to be because the fibrous material and the foam cooperate with each other to form a continuous ventilation layer.

It is presumed that because the base material according to the present invention has the above-mentioned ventilation performance, vapor pressure is diffused, and as a result, blistering of the waterproof layer can be prevented.

(2) Due to the air permeability of the base material of the present invention, moisture present in the base material layer is easily dried, so the base material of the present invention has a quick drying property.

O Cement The cement used in the present invention includes common cements such as Portland cement, blast furnace cement, silica cement, 7 lya, shucement, and alumina cement.
Among these, portland cement is preferred for the present invention because of its good workability.

O Foam The foam used in the present invention is a natural or synthetically produced granular material containing a large amount of air bubbles inside.Those with a bulk specific gravity of α6 or less have excellent air permeability and are desirable for the present invention. . Specific examples include inorganic foam particles such as crushed perlite, vermiculite, and ALC, and organic foam particles such as expanded polystyrene and expanded polyurethane.

Among them, pearlite is preferred for the present invention because of its excellent miscibility and the strength of the resulting base material.

In addition, the foam should be added in an amount of 10 to 200 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of cement.
It is preferably used in a proportion of parts by weight, more preferably 30 to 100 parts by weight.

If the ratio is less than 10 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight of cement, gas permeability and crack following performance will deteriorate, and if it exceeds 200 parts by weight, the compressive strength of the base material will deteriorate.
There is a risk that the adhesive strength to the building structure will decrease.

O Fibrous substance The fibrous substance used in the present invention is preferably an organic or inorganic fiber made of a material that is not degraded by cement alkali and has a fiber length of 3 m or more. Specific examples include glass fiber,
Examples include inorganic fibers such as steel fibers and organic fibers such as acryltrile and polyamide. Among them, glass fibers are preferred for the present invention because they are excellent in workability and strength of the cured product.

The blending ratio of the fibrous material is preferably 1 to 10 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of cement, more preferably 2 to 7 parts by weight, and even more preferably 3 to 6 parts by weight.

If the amount of fibrous material is less than 1 part by weight per 100 parts by weight of cement, the gas permeation performance will decrease, and if it exceeds 1011 parts by weight, the compressive strength of the base material and the adhesive strength to the structure may decrease. be.

Synthetic resin emulsion Synthetic resin emulsions used in the present invention include acrylic emulsion, vinyl acetate emulsion, ethylene acetate emulsion, styrene butadiene latex, and commercially available cement mortar for mixing with cement. Synthetic resin emulsion which is said to be able to improve the adhesion of mortar by being mixed with it can be used without any problem in the present invention.

Among the various synthetic resin emulsions, it is desirable to use acrylic emulsions, which are excellent in weather resistance and durability, and more preferably cationic acrylic emulsions, which have good adhesive properties and excellent physical strength properties when made into mortar.

Cationic acrylic emulsion is obtained by cationizing an aqueous dispersion of a (meth)acrylic acid ester monomer alone or a copolymer with a monomer copolymerizable with it using a cationic surfactant, or It is manufactured by selecting a cationic monomer as part of the monomers.

Examples of (meth)acrylic acid ester monomers include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, 1so-7' lobil, n-butyl, 1so-butyl of acrylic acid and methacrylate,
These are esters of 5ec-butyl, n-amyl, n-hexyl, n-pentyl, n-octyl, 2-ethylhexyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl, etc., and (meth)acrylic acid ester monomers in all monomers. Acrylic emulsions obtained from monomers having a monomer ratio of 60 or more by weight are desirable for the present invention.

Examples include acrylonitrile, N-methylolacrylamide, acrylic acid glycidyl ester, and copolymerizable monomers such as ethylene, vinyl acetate, vinylidene chloride, styrene, and butadiene.

Examples of cationic monomers copolymerizable with (meth)acrylic acid ester monomers include dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, diethylaminoethyl acrylate, dimethylaminepropylmethacrylamide, and dimethylaminopropyl. Acrylamide, 2-vinylpyridine, 4-vinylpyridine, dimethylallylamine and allylmethylamine or their quaternized ammonium salts.

Examples of cationic surfactants include primary amines such as n-ofthylamine and laurylamine represented by the general formula R-NH, and R, -NR.

R.

Tertiary amine such as dimethyl laurylamine represented by R
Quaternary ammonium salts represented by -NH (-CH, +-NH), other laurylamine acetate, stearylpropylenediamine diacetate, polyoxyethylene laurylamine, polyoxyethylene oleylamine, polyoxyethylene stearylpropylene diamine, etc. Examples include alkylamine conductors.

Among them, a cationic acrylic emulsion using a quaternary ammonium salt is desirable for the present invention because it can improve adhesiveness and strength properties.

Specific examples of quaternary ammonium salts include laphryltrimethylammonium chloride, stearyltrimethylammonium chloride, distearyldimethylammonium chloride, and alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride.

The mixing ratio of the synthetic resin emulsion is such that the solid content of the synthetic resin emulsion is preferably 3 to 50 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of cement, and more preferably 10 to 30 parts by weight.

If the proportion of the emulsion is less than 3 parts by weight, the adhesion to the substrate may be insufficient and the tensile strength of the substrate may be reduced.

If the proportion of the emulsion bottle exceeds 50 parts by weight, gas permeability will decrease and curing will be delayed, which is not preferable.

Basically, materials that have been conventionally mixed into cement mortar can be used in combination with the composition of the present invention. Examples of these materials include nonionic thickeners such as methylcellulose and polyethylene oxide, which are usually used as water-retaining materials. Good workability is often obtained by adding α2 to 1%.

Cement quickening agents such as inorganic salts such as aluminates, carbonates, chlorides, and sulfates can also be used together, and are useful as additives for accelerating hardening in winter.

O Construction method and waterproofing method Waterproofing materials to be applied on the base material layer obtained by the composition of the present invention for waterproofing include polyvinyl chloride,
Examples include waterproof sheets such as Pururu rubber, and waterproof coating materials such as acrylic rubber and urethane. As for their construction methods, standard construction methods for each waterproofing material are applied on the base material layer. For example, in the case of a vinyl chloride waterproof sheet, apply 0.5 - t of chloroprene solvent-based adhesive directly on the base material layer.
A method such as applying the same type of adhesive on the back side of the waterproof sheet and adhering it under pressure is applied after it is applied to the surface and is dry to the touch.

In addition, with acrylic rubber-based waterproof coatings, it is sufficient to spray the primer, main agent, and protective material directly onto the base material layer in that order, but since the concrete that makes up the structure is hydrated, water from the structure is If there is a concern about migration of the base material, apply a resin mortar with good watertightness to the base material layer using a 1 to 3 yen/go sprayer, metal trowel, etc., and after drying, remove the primer base agent and protect It is preferable to perform waterproofing in the order of materials.

The base material made of the composition of the present invention is preferably used for three days or more, mainly from the viewpoint of imparting air permeability to metal irons.

The waterproofing base material according to the present invention can be used as a waterproofing base for parts of all architectural and civil engineering structures that need to be waterproofed.
Although it exhibits good performance, it is most suitable as a waterproof base material for repairing existing waterproof layers of reinforced concrete structures. Most structures that require repair have water-containing structures due to water leakage, and normal waterproofing methods tend to cause the waterproof layer to swell, and in the case of painted waterproof materials, the waterproof layer is formed due to water migration from the structure. Membrane failure occurs, resulting in waterproofing defects, but the base material of the present invention has good air permeability, so these defects can be prevented. Furthermore, when repairing an existing waterproof layer, a material for unevenness that can be applied thickly is required, and if the existing waterproof layer cannot be completely removed, a material that can be applied over it is required.
This is because the base material of the present invention has good adhesion and can be applied directly onto the existing waterproof material.

[Examples and Comparative Examples] The effects of the present invention will be explained in detail below based on Examples and Comparative Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereby.

All parts and parts in the examples are by weight.

Next, the materials used in the test and the test method are described.

Materials used in the O test Cement Ordinary Portland cement Alumina cement made by Nippon Cement ■ Lambda foamed aggregate perlite made by Denki Kagaku Kogyo ■ Class C foamed polystyrene piece made by Mitsui Perlite ■ 3 made by Asahi Kasei Kogyo ■ Fiber glass fiber Nippon no Tawara Kae # -Do type fiber length 15■ Acrylic nitrile mock-chilled fiber length io manufactured by Hoechst Co., Ltd.
m 46 emulsion Cationic acrylic emulsion manufactured by Toagosei Chemical Co., Ltd. Solid content 3096 (manufacturing method is as below) Emulsion for mixing with anionic acrylic cement, manufactured by Dainippon Ink and Chemicals Co., Ltd. #: 4001 Nippon Gosei Chemical Co., Ltd. Hyflex+1000 manufactured by Kogyo ■ Solid content 50 cm (Note) The resin solid content was adjusted to 30% by dilution with water and used.

5. Water retention agent methylcellulose Hymetrose polyethylene oxide manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. Alcox E-160 manufactured by Meisei Chemical Co., Ltd. Aron waterproof sheet Butyl rubber waterproof sheet Neo Roofing acrylic rubber coating waterproofing material manufactured by Mitsuboshi Belting ■ Toagosei Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. ■ Manufactured by Aronko) SA urethane coating waterproofing material Hodogaya Chemical Industry ■ Millionaire) SA O test method ■ Gas permeability test Exhaust air volume 8.97 at one end of a vacuum line with an internal volume of approximately 154
Connect the /- vacuum pump, and the other side has an opening of 100 WI.
II (78,5i), the side surface of the test piece for gas permeability measurement was sealed and attached. After that, the vacuum pump is started, and when the amount of air exhausted by the vacuum pump and the amount of air passing through the test specimen are balanced and the internal pressure becomes constant, the following values are obtained: Gas permeability coefficient (11 parts m-Hr -wxHl) V: Vacuum pump exhaust Air volume (8,94/111m) P: Internal pressure (WHII) R: Differential pressure from atmospheric pressure (1llH#) T: Test specimen thickness (0,04ffl) A: Opening area (7,8x10-3m:)■ Adhesion The base material of the present invention was applied with a metal trowel to a thickness of 5 mm on a test concrete board (30 x 30 x 7 ern).

This was cured for 28 days under conditions of 20° C. and 60% RH, and then the adhesive strength of the F base material to the concrete plate was measured using a Kenken type adhesive strength tester.

In addition, the fracture site in the adhesion test was represented by the following symbol.

Cohesive failure of base material...G, Interface between base material and concrete plate...G/C Cohesive failure of concrete plate...C0 ■ Crack followability test Thickness 6x, length 20crn, width 15'FF+ slate Place the base material of the present invention on a board to a specified thickness, length 15α, width 1
Apply to 0m using a metal trowel and apply at 20℃ for 7 days at 601R.
It was left to cure under H conditions. A predetermined waterproofing material was adhered to this, and the following crack followability test was conducted after it was left at 20° C. and 61:1 RH conditions for 21 days.

First, a notch was made in the center of the long side of the back surface of the slate board, and both ends were attached to a tensile tester to determine the crack width at which a tensile fracture occurred at a rate of 20 mm at a speed of 5 wm/m.

Method for producing cationic acrylic emulsion Emulsion polymerization was carried out using 2 parts of lentzel phenol ether (HLB15.5) and lacryltrimethylammonium salt.
A cationic acrylic emulsion with a resin solid content of 30 cm was prepared.

Example 1 Base material NoG-1 having the composition shown in Table-1, namely, 100 parts of Portland cement, 80 parts of pearlescent cement,
150 parts of tap water was added and kneaded using a mortar mixer to obtain a base material. This base material and the waterproof material M- listed in Table-2
Performance evaluation was performed using 5.

The results are listed in Table-Example-1, and an outline of the evaluation method will be described below.

(2) Gas permeability test The above-mentioned kneaded product was filled into a 150III x 40 mm disc-shaped mold, and molded and cured in an environment of 20° C. and 60% for 7 days.

A gas permeability test was conducted using this, and a gas permeability coefficient value of 1.621 parts m-Hr -wxHl was obtained.

By the way, concrete and ALC were measured using the same method.
The gas permeability coefficients of are respectively 0.09 and 0.351 parts m-
It was Hr-mHI. This shows that the base material of the present invention has excellent gas permeability and has the property that the internal pressure generated in the waterproof base material is quickly discharged.

(2) Adhesion test The adhesive strength of the base material of the present invention was measured by the adhesion test method described in the previous section, and the adhesive strength of the base material of the present invention was 9.8/9/d, and the breakage occurred due to cohesive failure of the base material, indicating that good results were obtained.

■ Crack followability test M-5 acrylic rubber coating waterproofing material was applied on top of the base material of the present invention, and brimer was applied at a rate of 0-3 kl/m as shown in Table-2.
rr? After applying the spray and drying to the touch, it is 2k11/? 71″
A test piece for measuring crack following performance was prepared by spraying.

The crack followability of this product was good, with the waterproofing material not breaking even with a crack width of 20 m.

Examples 2 to 5 Various performance evaluation tests were conducted using the base materials listed in Table-1 and the waterproof materials listed in Table-2.

The results are shown in Table 3 Examples 2 to 5, and good results were obtained in all cases.

A crack followability test was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1 except that Comparative Example 1 was used. The results are shown in Table 6, and fracture occurred at a crack width of 3.5 cods, which was significantly inferior to the Examples.

Comparative Examples 2 to 4 As comparative examples, gas permeability, adhesiveness, and Crack followability was measured. The results are listed in Table 3 and Comparative Examples 2 to 4.
All were significantly inferior to the Examples.

That is, in Comparative Example 2.3, the base material did not contain foamed particles or fibers, so the gas permeation performance was poor;
In Comparative Example 4, the fiber length is shorter than that of the present invention, so the gas permeation performance is inferior.

Furthermore, in Comparative Example 2, the strength of the underlying base material was too high, so the crack following performance was also degraded.

Example 6 On the rooftop slab of a reinforced concrete building that has been constructed for 20 years, the base material of the present invention having the composition G-1 shown in Table 1 was applied to a thickness of 10cm for 100m'' (10X10?).
Fl) Metal trowel application. After curing for 7 days, a vinyl chloride waterproof sheet M-1 shown in Table 2 was crimped using a nitrile rubber solvent-based adhesive.

This waterproof layer maintained good waterproof performance without blistering even after two years had passed.

Comparative Example 5 As a base material, the composition shown in Table 1, Compounder, G-6 was used with a thickness of 1
Waterproofing was carried out in the same manner as in Example 6, except that 01111 was applied with a metal trowel.

After two years, five blisters appeared in this waterproof layer, and the area of the blisters tended to expand.

Table 2 Waterproofing Material (C) Effects of the Invention By using the composition of the present invention as a base material for various waterproofing materials, highly reliable waterproofing construction is possible.

That is, the waterproof base layer formed by applying the base material made of the composition of the present invention has air permeability that allows the vapor pressure generated inside to easily diffuse, so that the waterproof base layer does not bulge or bulge. Since it does not peel off and has excellent adhesion to the building frame, the durability of the waterproofing material can be greatly improved.

In addition, the base material of the present invention is lightweight, so even if it is coated thickly, there will be less load on the structure, and it can be expected to have good heat insulation performance, and since it is a cement-based material, it has a rust-preventing effect. Because of these properties, it can be used in a wider range of applications as a building material.

Examples include repair of slate roofs, insulation coating of iron plates, and repair of ALC.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A base material composition for waterproofing, comprising cement, a synthetic resin emulsion, a foam, and a fibrous substance.