JPS61237971A - Heat pump device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention: Industrial Application Field The present invention uses a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant and changes the refrigerant composition flowing through the main circuit of the refrigeration cycle using a refrigerant rectification column, thereby constantly generating capacity corresponding to the load. The present invention relates to a possible heat pump device.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been a configuration shown in FIG. 2 in which a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant is used and the refrigerant composition flowing through the main circuit of a refrigeration cycle is changed by a refrigerant rectification column. In Fig. 2, 1 is a compressor, 2 is a condenser, 3, 4.5 is a throttling device,
6 is an evaporator, 7 is a refrigerant rectification column, a bottom reservoir 8, and a heating source 9.
, a tower top reservoir 10, and a cooling source 11.

Here, 12, 13, and 14 are solenoid valves.

The action of the heat pump device constructed as described above was as follows.

The refrigerant gas discharged by the compressor 1 flows in the direction of the solid arrow, is condensed in the condenser 2, and enters the throttling device 3.

During normal operation, the solenoid valves 12, 13, and 14 are closed, and the refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 1 again through the throttling device 4 and the evaporator 6 as it is. When changing the refrigerant composition of the main circuit, the solenoid valve 12 is opened to allow a part of the refrigerant flowing through the main circuit to flow into the refrigerant rectification tower 7, and the heating source 9, cooling source 11
During the operation of the refrigerant, the inflowing refrigerant is separated into low-boiling point components and high-boiling point components by rectification action, and the refrigerant is separated into the top reservoir 1.
The refrigerant is stored in the 0° column bottom reservoir 8, and by operating the solenoid valves 13 and 14, the refrigerant having the desired composition is allowed to flow out into the main circuit through the throttling device 6. By doing so, the composition of the refrigerant flowing through the main circuit can be freely varied from a composition rich in low boiling point components to a composition rich in high boiling point components. In general, if a refrigerant rich in low boiling point components is flowed into the main circuit during operation, the capacity will increase, whereas if a refrigerant rich in high boiling point components is flowed, the capacity will decrease. Therefore, by simply opening and closing the solenoid valve, the capacity can always be generated in accordance with the load.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention Electric heaters, compressor discharge gas, etc. have been used as heating sources for refrigerant rectification columns in conventional heat pump devices. This resulted in an increase in power consumption (decreased coefficient of performance), and also caused problems such as burnout due to dry heating of the heater. In addition, when compressor discharge gas is used, the gas leaving the compressor passes through the heating source of the refrigerant rectification column before entering the condenser, which increases pressure loss and lowers the coefficient of performance. However, since heat is taken away by the heating source, the temperature of the refrigerant gas entering the condenser drops, making it impossible to sufficiently raise the temperature of air, water, etc., which is the original purpose.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a heat pump device that can sufficiently raise the temperature of the load, such as air or water, without reducing the coefficient of performance, and can generate a capacity according to the load. shall be.

Means for solving the problems and the technical means of the present invention for solving the above problems are:
The lubricating oil inside the compressor is used as the heating source for the refrigerant rectification column.

Effect According to the above configuration, the high temperature lubricant oil in the compressor is used as the heating source for the refrigerant rectification column, and the low temperature lubricant oil returned to the compressor is used to lubricate the sliding parts inside the compressor or It can be used to seal clearances, improve compressor performance, and further improve the coefficient of performance while maintaining the functionality of the refrigerant rectification column.

Embodiment FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a refrigerant circuit according to an embodiment of the heat pump device of the present invention. In the figure, a compressor 15, a condenser 16, throttle devices 17 and 18, and an evaporator 2o are connected to form a main circuit of a refrigeration cycle. Further, 21 is a refrigerant rectification column, 22 is a top reservoir, 23 is a cooling source, and 24 is a bottom reservoir.

The heat source 26 is connected to the piping 26 and connected to the bottom and sides of the compressor 15 to form one circulation path.

Here, 27, 28, and 29 are solenoid valves. The inside of the figure shows an oil pump 3 at the bottom of the compressor 16, as shown in
0 and is connected to piping 26.

The operation of the heat pump device configured as described above will be explained. The high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 16 flows in the direction of the broken line arrow, is condensed and liquefied in the condenser 16, and flows into the expansion device 17.

During normal operation, the solenoid valves 27, 28, and 29 are closed, and at this time, all the refrigerant enters the throttling device 18, evaporates in the evaporator 20, and is sucked into the compressor 16 again.Refrigerant composition of the main circuit When changing the temperature, the solenoid valve 27 is opened to allow a part of the refrigerant in the main circuit to flow into the refrigerant rectification column 21, where it undergoes rectification and is separated into low-boiling point components and high-boiling point components. It is stored in the reservoir 22 and the bottom reservoir 24. Further, by opening and closing the solenoid valves 28 and 29, the water flows out through the throttle device 19 into the main circuit. By doing so, the composition of the refrigerant flowing through the main circuit can be freely varied from a composition rich in low boiling point components to a composition rich in high boiling point components.

On the other hand, the high-temperature lubricating oil in the compressor 15 flows in the direction of the solid line arrow through a pipe 26 connected to the bottom of the compressor 16, and is stored in the bottom reservoir 24 by the heating source 25 of the bottom reservoir 24. This heats the refrigerant in the tank and generates refrigerant gas. In addition, the heating source 26
The lubricating oil that has passed is cooled by the refrigerant and returns to the bottom of the compressor 15 in the direction of the arrow. The compressor 16 acts as a pump to circulate this lubricating oil.
The oil pump 3o in the shaft is usually configured to have twisted vanes or the like in a hollow part within the compressor shaft, whereby the cooled lubricating oil rises inside the oil pump 30. This serves to lubricate and seal the sliding parts or clearances of the compressor 15.

In general, the factors that affect compressor performance are loss due to heat reception of refrigerant gas, pressure loss, and friction loss.

Re-expansion losses can be cited, but among these losses, the loss due to heat reception of the refrigerant gas is extremely large. This is because heat transfer or leakage of lubricating oil from the clearance causes a polytropic change while receiving heat rather than an adiabatic change, and it is known that cooling the cylinder and lubricant is the most effective way to reduce this loss. It is being In this embodiment, the refrigerant can be lowered to the refrigerant rectification column 21, and the characteristics of the compressor are also significantly improved.

Therefore, by combining the above-mentioned means for varying the refrigerant composition of the main circuit and the cooling effect of the lubricating oil, it is possible to obtain a heat pump device with an extremely high coefficient of performance and the ability to constantly respond to changes in load. become.

Further, by using a conventionally used in-compressor oil pump for circulating lubricating oil, the lubricating oil can be reliably circulated with a simple configuration.

Although the in-compressor oil pump of this embodiment has not been described in detail, other pumps that utilize the compressor shaft, oil pumps that use other pistons/cylinders, etc. may be used.

Furthermore, this embodiment shows an example in which the refrigerant rectification column operates at an intermediate pressure between the condenser internal pressure and the evaporator internal pressure; however, it may also operate at the condenser internal pressure. Further, if a solenoid valve or the like is provided in the middle of the piping 26 to stop oil circulation during startup, characteristics at startup can be improved.

Effects of the Invention As described above, the heat pump device of the present invention introduces a part of the refrigerant flowing through the main circuit into the refrigerant rectification column, performs a rectification action, and changes the refrigerant composition in the main circuit to a low boiling point. It is possible to create the desired composition from a composition rich in components to a composition rich in high boiling point components, and the capacity can always be generated according to the load.In addition, since the lubricating oil inside the compressor is used as a heating source, the characteristics of the compressor can be improved. can be significantly improved.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a refrigerant circuit of a heat pump device according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a refrigerant circuit of a heat pump device using a conventional refrigerant rectification column, and FIG. FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view showing details of section A in FIG. 1; 15... Compressor, 21... Refrigerant rectification column, 25... Heat source, 3o... Oil pump in compressor, 24...・Bottom reservoir.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A refrigerant rectification column that connects a compressor, a condenser, a throttle device, and an evaporator to form a main circuit of a refrigeration cycle, uses a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant as a refrigerant, and has piping for inflowing the refrigerant from the main circuit. , a top reservoir having a pipe disposed at the upper part of the refrigerant rectification column and discharging the refrigerant into the main circuit; and a pipe disposed at the bottom of the refrigerant rectification column discharging the refrigerant into the main circuit. A heat pump device comprising: a tower bottom reservoir; and a heat source that heats the inside of the tower bottom reservoir; the heat pump device is configured to use lubricating oil in the compressor as the heat source.