JPS6123350B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> This invention relates to a method for excavating a trench by injecting high-pressure jet water into a bedrock to perform rock drilling, etc. , high-pressure jet water of several thousand atmospheres is used to excavate grooves in rock, etc. to weaken the ground, then apply a crushing action, and this process is repeated to form grooves and perform tunnel excavation, rock cutting, etc. This invention relates to a trench excavation method using high-pressure jet water.

<Prior art> Conventionally, various methods such as blasting and rock drilling have been used in rock mining and tunnel excavation.
In both cases, the rock of the walls was damaged due to severe shock vibrations, and there were areas where the walls fell off and collapsed, and subsequent construction required repair lining, etc., which required a lot of man-hours.
The disadvantages are that it takes a long time and costs are high.

In addition, there are many dangers, and there are drawbacks such as cave-ins caused by vibrations.Furthermore, the impact noise and vibration noise are large, which significantly impedes the working environment.

By the way, when high-pressure water is injected, the dynamic pressure is converted into mechanical energy, and when the high-pressure jet water collides with a solid, the impact action can crush and cut the solid very quietly.

<Problems to be solved by the invention> According to the conventional high-pressure water technology, the discharge pressure of jet water is about 50 to 400 kg/ ^cm2 , and therefore the mode of solid crushing and cutting by impact is similar to coal mining. It was only used for cleaning slag, treating rock at faults, etc., and it was impossible to excavate rock.

However, recently it has become technologically possible to increase the discharge pressure of high-pressure jet water to several thousand atmospheres, and depending on the design, it has become possible to cut hard rock such as granite.

The object of this invention is to solve the above-mentioned problem of excavation of rock, and to use the above-mentioned high-pressure jetting technology to cause the high-pressure jet water to crush only in the oriented direction. It is an object of the present invention to provide an excellent trench excavation method using high-pressure jet water that quietly and stably cuts and crushes hard rock, thereby benefiting the field of application of excavation technology in the construction industry.

<Means/effects for solving the problems> In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the structure of the present invention, which is based on the above-mentioned claims in accordance with the above-mentioned object, is to use high-pressure jet water when excavating hard rock. excavation of the groove along the major groove line and inject it into a predetermined part of the rock to excavate and form a groove by the first stage of preliminary cutting of the strip, weakening the ground in the pre-cut groove part, After forming the first stage pre-cut groove to a set depth, the weakened area created by the first stage pre-cut groove is crushed in a second stage using rock drilling, high-pressure water jet, disc cutter, etc. A large groove is formed, the nozzle is faced into the formed large groove, and high-pressure jet water is sprayed and collided with it again, and the process is repeated. By doing so, the groove is formed in an extremely safe condition without damaging the skin and with virtually no vibration. It is a technical means to do so.

<Example> Next, an example of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, a plurality of nozzles 2, 2... (5 units in this embodiment) are installed at the tip of a predetermined boom 1, and the nozzles 2'' are slightly wider than the set width on the crushed surface of the rock. The middle nozzle 2' is formed to face the fracture surface for medium excavation, and is connected to a high-pressure water source (not shown) through a guide hole 3 in the boom 1. Make sure to do so.

Then, when the boom 1 is placed facing the part of the rock 4 where the setting groove is to be excavated as shown in Fig. 2 and high pressure water is fed to the boom 1, the high pressure water flows through each nozzle 2, 2. ...It becomes higher-pressure jet water and blows out as shown by the arrow, colliding with the fracture surface, and due to the energy of the high-speed dynamic pressure, the high-pressure jet water from each nozzle 2, 2... is fragmented and concentrated as set. is applied, and the impact action excavates the rock 4 to form the preceding first-stage cutting grooves 5, 5, . . . to a depth within the energy range.

In this case, for each nozzle 2, the direction of the high-pressure water jet is set at the formation line 6 of the planned excavation groove.
In order to ensure that the boom 1 is inserted easily when digging the latter stage, the outer nozzle 2'' of the 5 unit nozzles 2, 2... is directed outward as set, and the inner medium digging nozzle is 2' is oriented midway between the large groove forming lines 6, 6.

Then, the cutting grooves 5, 5, etc. of the preceding first stage are cut by moving the boom 1 laterally in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 2, that is, in the direction of the arrow in FIG. The grooves are formed in a first step along the large groove forming lines 6, 6, . . .

Therefore, the preceding first-stage cutting grooves 5, 5, . It is being formed.

Next, the cutting grooves 5, 5, . When the rock drilling machine 7 performs the rock drilling action on the cutting grooves 5, 5... along the planned large groove formation lines 6, 6, it becomes weaker due to the preceding first stage cutting grooves 5, 5... The crushed portion is easily crushed, and the rock between the cutting grooves 5, 5 of the outermost preceding first stage is removed by digging to form a large groove 8, and the second stage work is completed.

According to the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the rock drill 7
However, as shown in Fig. 5, the high-pressure water jet 10 is only supplied from the inner high-pressure water nozzle 2' of the 5 units mentioned above. The first one that injects and similarly precedes the
The weak points of the cut grooves 5, 5... of the steps may be easily crushed in a second step and the large grooves 8 can be formed by digging in the middle, or the disk cutter 11 may be used as shown in FIG.
The large groove 10 is also created by the second stage of crushing.
It is also possible to perform digging in the middle of the hole.

The selection of these crushing means may be made as appropriate depending on the quality and properties of the rock, the spacing between the preceding cutting grooves 5, 5, etc., the crushing speed, etc.

In this way, the cutting groove 5 of the preceding first stage,
5... When the second stage medium excavation work by predetermined crushing and removal between 8 and inject high-pressure jet water again in the same manner as described above to excavate the next preceding first stage cutting grooves 5, 5, etc. at the end of the large groove 8, and move the boom 1 to the planned large groove forming line. 6, 6, that is, slide the first-formed large groove 8 as a guide to finish the work, and then, as described above, precede the second-stage crushing by cutting the weak points of the first-stage cutting grooves 5, 5... The process is repeated in the same way, for example, when two cycles of construction are carried out, the first stage cutting grooves 5, 5... of a predetermined depth are applied, and the second stage crushing action is performed. An excavated groove 12 is formed as shown in FIG.

Since the inner surface of the groove 12 is substantially formed by the preceding first-stage cutting grooves 5, 5, etc., the groove surface is extremely smooth and there is no skin drop, and the strength of the ground etc. is also reduced. It never happens.

In the above embodiment, the number of nozzles in the boom 1 is 5 units, but depending on the design, the intermediate nozzle 2' may be 1 unit, and the nozzle number arrangement, diameter, moving speed, etc. It can be selected as appropriate depending on excavation conditions and design conditions.

The embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 is a mode of trench excavation in tunnel construction.
As mentioned above, high-pressure jet water is ejected from the boom 1 which is attached to the movable arm 14 in front, and the impact action of the jet water causes the preceding first-stage cutting groove 5 to be formed along the large groove forming lines 6, 6, and after that. A rock drill 7 is used to trace and excavate the rock, and a second stage of medium digging is performed to form a large groove 8, and in the same manner as described above, a groove 12 is formed between the large groove forming lines 6 and 6 that are planned to form a tunnel. After the groove 12 reaches the set depth, the construction cart 13 is moved backward, and the tunnel forming part A within the planned inner large groove forming line 6 is broken down by blasting, and after the debris is discharged, the forming part A is The construction cart 13 is again advanced into the tunnel to form the groove 12 in the same manner as described above, and this operation is repeated to form the tunnel.

In this case, the wall surface of the tunnel is formed to be extremely smooth by the surface of the first stage cut groove 5 which precedes outward.

It goes without saying that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and various embodiments can be adopted, such as being able to be used for lighting construction, stone quarrying, etc.

<Effects of the Invention> As described above, according to the present invention, in a method of excavating a groove in a rock, high-pressure water that can be pressurized to a discharge pressure of several thousand atmospheres is intensively divided into strips and injected into a predetermined part of the rock. The impact effect causes the first
Step cutting grooves are formed, and then the weak point formed by the preceding first stage cutting groove is appropriately subjected to a second stage crushing action to perform medium digging, and the preceding first stage cutting groove is formed into a large groove. Then, the next leading first-stage cutting groove is formed again from the large groove, and the grooves are repeatedly excavated in the same manner, resulting in virtually no vibration even in extremely hard rock. This has the effect of allowing construction to be carried out without noise.

Therefore, there is no possibility of causing cracks in the bedrock, causing damage to the bedrock, or causing skin to fall off, making the work safe and eliminating the need for repair work.
The groove surface can be finished to a kind of mirror finish by high-pressure water jet cutting, which improves the accuracy of excavation, and has the advantage of making lining work easier afterward, and improves the quality of the cut rock product. effective.

Then, following the preceding first stage cutting, in order to crush the interior weakened by the preceding first stage cutting as a second stage, medium excavation is reliable and deep excavation is performed. It also has the effect of requiring less power, ensuring construction safety, and being economical.

In addition, there have been some so-called smooth blasting methods that use strong pressure, but compared to the smooth blasting method, it does not use a hybrid method and does not apply stress in the perpendicular direction to the cutting surface. It has the effect of providing perfect smoothness and high precision for civil engineering work.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1 is a front view of the nozzle of the boom, FIG. 2 is a side view of the formation of the preceding cutting groove, and FIG. 3 is a side view of the formation of the preceding cutting groove in the lateral direction. Figure 4 is a sectional view of the crushing process, Figures 5 and 6 are sectional views of other embodiments equivalent to Figure 4, and Figure 7 is a sectional view of the crushing process.
The figure is a schematic perspective view of groove formation, and Figures 8 and 9 are side and cross-sectional views of an embodiment of the tunnel excavation mode. 4...Bedrock, 12...Groove, 2''...Outer nozzle,
5... Leading first stage cutting groove, 2'... Nozzle for medium digging, 2... Nozzle, 8... Large groove.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 In a method of excavating a groove of a predetermined width by injecting jet water into rock, etc., outer nozzles on both sides are set slightly wider than the above-mentioned predetermined width at the fracture surface, and a required number of inner nozzles are installed between them. A first-stage cut groove is formed by injecting high-pressure jet water onto the planned excavation site from a plurality of nozzles including an excavation nozzle, and then a second-stage crushing action is applied within the first-stage cut groove. Then, the first stage cutting groove part is dug to form a large groove, and then the nozzle is moved forward and high pressure jet water is injected into the large groove, and then the first stage cutting and second crushing are performed. A trench excavation method using high-pressure jet water, characterized in that the process is repeated to form a trench of a predetermined width.