JPS6122185A - Cereal drier - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a grain drying apparatus, and particularly to a grain drying apparatus that temporarily stops drying in the middle of drying in order to take advantage of the denparation effect.

[Technical Background of the Invention and Problems Therewith] A conventional grain drying device has a drying system that allows the operator to input the amount of grain to be loaded into a grain tank, the type of grain to be loaded, and a target moisture value. The system automatically calculates a target drying temperature, and automatically controls the combustion device and others so that the actual temperature matches the target drying temperature, thereby drying the grain.

Once the target drying temperature is set, the machine will always dry the grain continuously, without stopping midway, unless the operator stops the machine himself.

However, when forced drying of grains, it is known from experience that shell cracking is generally likely to occur when the moisture content of the grains reaches around 20%. This is thought to be due to the fact that the moisture content on the surface and inside of each grain droplet differs greatly.

(・, If you stop drying for a certain period of time when this moisture value reaches 20% after 11θ, and take care to make the moisture inside and outside of the grains of grain uniform by the tempering effect, then Even if drying is resumed, shell cracking will be less likely to occur.However, in conventional grain drying equipment, no consideration was given to a drying pause period during drying.Therefore, automatic grain drying At times, it was not possible to completely prevent the phenomenon of shell cracking, and improvements were desired in terms of quality.

[Object of the Invention] This invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a grain drying device that can prevent grain shell cracking and dry grain with high quality. .

[Summary of the Invention] The present invention provides calculation means for obtaining initial moisture value data of grains in a grain tank and calculating drying rest time, moisture value measuring means for monitoring the moisture value of grains during drying, and It is equipped with a control means that suspends drying for a period of time set by the calculation means when the moisture value data from the value measuring means reaches a predetermined moisture value, and the drying suspension time is controlled depending on the initial moisture value of the grains poured into the grain tank. This is a grain drying device that prevents shell cracking and cracking of grains and improves quality by suspending drying for an optimal drying suspension time when a predetermined moisture value is reached depending on the size of the initial moisture value.

The second invention also includes a calculation means for obtaining initial moisture value data of the grain in the grain tank and calculating a drying pause start moisture value, and a moisture value measuring means for monitoring the moisture value of the grain during drying. , a control means for suspending drying for a predetermined time when the moisture value data from the moisture value measuring means reaches the drying pause start moisture value set by the calculation means, and the drying pause is started according to the initial moisture value of the grain. This grain drying device can set the moisture value and pause drying for a predetermined period of time at the moisture value most suitable for preventing chest cracking, thereby preventing chest cracking and performing high-quality drying.

[Embodiments of the Invention] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be explained in detail based on the drawings. Second
Figures 4 to 4 show the mechanical structure of a grain drying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. This grain drying device has a combustion @ station 2 installed at the front of the grain tank 1, an air conditioning fan 3 at the rear, and an operation box 4 for controlling each device at the front of the grain tank 1. It is provided. Further, a fuel tank 5, a fuel supply pipe 6, an electromagnetic pump 7, and an electromagnetic valve 8 for supplying fuel to the combustion device 2 are provided. Furthermore, the grain tank 1 is equipped with an elevator 10h (10h) which covers the lower part of the grain tank 1 and returns the fed grain 9 to a part of the grain tank 1.

The details inside the grain tank 1 are shown in Fig. f53 and Fig. 4.
A chamber 712 and a diffusion device 13 are provided. Further, the lower part of the storage chamber 11 is formed in a funnel shape, and the lower end of the leakage part 14 is connected to the upper end of the down-flow type drying chamber 15. A hot air supply chamber 16 is formed between the pair of left and right drying chambers 15, and a hot air drying chamber 1 is provided outside the drying chamber 15.
7 are formed respectively. A rotary valve 18 is installed at the lower end of the drying chamber 15 to adjust the flow rate of the grains 9, and the lower side of the rotary valve 18 is surrounded by a receiving gutter 19 formed at the lowest part of the medium heat portion. A grain chamber 20 is formed. A lower screw conveyor 21 is installed in the center of the receiving gutter 19.

The grains 9 stuffed into the storage chamber 11 in this way are stored in the funnel part 14.
The grains flow down and are collected in the grain collection chamber 20 by the rotary valve 18. Then, in this grain collecting room 2o, the grains are sent out horizontally by the lower screw conveyor 21, transferred to the elevator 1o, and returned to the upper screw conveyor 12 at the upper part of the grain tank 1 again. Then, the grains 9 are sent in the front and back direction in this -V section screw conveyor 12, and are loaded into the storage chamber 11 again while being uniformly spread left and right by the diffusion device 13 at the lower part.

Figure 4 shows a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV, which is one step in Figure 3.
9, which is connected to the yl end of the hot air supply chamber 16.
I22 is provided, and the combustion device 2 is installed in this ventilation pipe 22.
is installed. Further, an air exhaust pipe 23 is attached to the exhaust side, which is the rear end of the hot air drying chamber 17, and an air conditioning fan 3 with a variable rotation speed is installed inside the air exhaust pipe 23. And this air conditioning fan 3 rotates J
Then, as shown by the arrow, the hot air from the combustion device 2 side passes through the hot air supply chamber 16 and the drying chamber 15, reaches the hot air drying chamber 17, and passes through the exhaust pipe 23 to the outside. It circulates hot air.

The supply of fuel from the fuel tank 5 to the combustion device 2 in FIG. 2 is controlled by controlling the on-time of a rectangular pulse wave applied to the electromagnetic valve 8. By controlling the combustion temperature depending on the magnitude of this fuel diversion, the temperature of the heat 8a supplied to the drying chamber 15 can be changed.

In addition, the operation box 4 is centrally equipped with a loading port setting knob, a target moisture setting knob, a power switch, a pilot lamp, a display section 4a, a drying time setting keyboard 4b, and other necessary manual operation means. .

In such a grain drying apparatus, the actual temperature control of the drying chamber 15 is controlled by a 1° microcomputer 10 as shown in FIG.
This is done by 0. This microcomputer 10
0 is equipped with a memory 1o1 and a CPU 102 as a calculation means. Then, the operation unit 103 controls the digital input circuit 1.
04, and an analog input section 105 is connected as input information via an A/D converter 106. Roughly speaking, the mechanical drive system 107 and the temperature control system 109 are connected to the output section via an amplifier circuit 108 and an amplifier circuit 110, respectively. Further, a digital display section 111 is connected via an amplifier circuit 112.

In the operation section 103, there is a set temperature call button 11.
3, staking start button 114, drying start button 115,
and period start button 116 are provided as pushbuttons, and a switch 11 for setting the amount of tensioning is provided.
7. A grain type setting switch 118 and a target moisture value setting switch 119 are each provided as rotary switches. Also, the heating sensor, paddy clogging sensor, full amount i, 17 I? A group of 120 safety rails such as sensors, etc. are also installed [
is being pulled.

Anolog input section 105 and C are hot air temperature sensor 121
, an outside air temperature sensor 122, and a moisture meter 123 are provided.

The mechanical drive system 107 includes an elevator motor, a noan motor, a rotary valve motor, a fuel pump, and an ignition heater.
Contains an N-OFF signal.

Furthermore, the temperature control system 109 has a fuel control valve 0ff-
The OFF signal and the drive signal for the air conditioning fan motor are included. Then, the drive signal for this air conditioning fan motor is obtained by taking the ON-OFF signal of the fuel control valve into the fuel control signal smoothing circuit 124, and further by the motor rotation speed control circuit 124.
No. 5 controls the rotational speed of the fan motor, and the rotational speed of the air conditioning fan motor is controlled by No. 18.

Note that the oscillation circuit 12G provides a clock signal to the microcomputer 100.

The operation of the grain drying apparatus having the above structure will be explained based on the flowchart in FIG. 5 and the time charts in FIGS. 6 and 7. By operating the tensioning button 114, grain tensioning is first started. Then, after completing the pasting, press the dry button 115. Then, to set the input data, the switch 1-17 for setting the filling amount, the switch 118 for setting the grain type, and the switch 119 for setting the target moisture value are set in a predetermined device. microcomputer 10
0 reads and calculates the above input set and sets the target drying temperature. Additionally, the mechanical drive system 107 is operated to start drying. In this way, the drying operation is started.

(Step 31.32) After the drying operation has started, the hot air temperature sensor 121, outside air temperature sensor 122, and moisture meter 123 in the analog human power 811105 each periodically input measurement data to the microcomputer 1oo, and the data is stored in the memory 101. Ru. Immediately after the start of drying, the moisture value measured by the moisture meter 123 is taken in as initial moisture @Mo and stored in the memory 101. (Step 33) Then, the drying pause time Ts is calculated from this initial moisture value MO based on the graph shown in FIG. (Step 34)
Here, the relationship between the initial moisture value MO and the drying pause time TS is as follows:
As shown in FIG. 6, the drying pause time TS is adjusted so that the higher the initial moisture value MO is, the longer the drying pause time TS is. For example, MO is 2
When it is 6% or more, TS is 2 hours, 1ylo is 24% to 2
At 6%, TS is 1.51):', MO is 22%
~24%, l-s takes 1 hour. If the initial moisture value MO is less than 22%, the drying pause time TS
Let's leave O and Z1~. It is assumed that the relationship between the initial moisture value MO - the intercostal space of the dry body 1F - Is is stored in the memory 101 in advance.

After the start of drying, the actual temperature in the left direction of drying is automatically controlled to match the target temperature. Its operation is as follows. In other words, the drying guidance actual temperature from the hot air hot stone sensor 121 is read, compared with the target drying temperature, and the actual temperature is determined.
If it is lower than the standard temperature, C11U 102
issues a control signal to lengthen the on-time of the solenoid valve 8, and at the same time increases the rotation speed of the burner air conditioning engine motor. The combustion temperature of the combustion device 2 is raised to raise the temperature of the hot air. Conversely, if the actual temperature is higher than the target temperature, the CPU,
, 102 shorten the on-time period of the electromagnetic valve 8 and at the same time suppress the rotational speed of the burner air conditioning fan motor, thereby lowering the hot air temperature. In this way, during the drying operation, the temperature of the hot air is automatically controlled to keep it almost constant.

While the drying operation continues in this manner, the moisture value MR from the moisture meter 123 is periodically read and compared with the drying pause start moisture value MT. (Step 35.36> Drying pause start moisture value set here M T L;t
IJ! It is desirable to set the MT to -2'O% in order to begin the drying pause before reaching the moisture value of 17-20%, which is where most of the experimentally known shell cracking begins. Then, when the actual moisture value MI< reaches the drying pause start moisture 1fi MT, a temporary pause in drying is started. (Step 37.
38. ) Here, in step 37, the pause time is 0.
What determines whether or not is the initial moisture [r M
This is because o is less than 22% and it is determined whether to suspend the drying rate in the middle.

If a temporary drying pause is started, the drying is paused until the drying body holding time Ts, which is shut off in step 34, has elapsed. (Step 39) Due to this drying pause state, the tempering effect makes the gradient of the moisture value uniform between the inside and the surface of the grain, making it difficult for shell cracking to occur.

After the drying pause time of 18 hours has elapsed, the drying operation is started again. (Step 40) And grain moisture value MR
is read periodically to compare whether it has reached the target moisture value MF, and when the target moisture value MF is reached, the drying operation is stopped. (Step 4l) In this way, the intermediate drying pause time 1 s can be made variable depending on the initial moisture value MO of the grain, and grain shell i'ilJ i can be effectively prevented.

An embodiment of the second invention will be described below. The circuit configuration of this embodiment of the second invention is similar to the embodiment of the first invention, and has the configuration shown in FIG. The only difference in operation is C.
I) This is the calculation process in U102 (). That is, in this embodiment of the second invention, the CPU 102 changes the drying pause start moisture value Ms, as shown in FIG. 9, based on the initial moisture value Mo of the grain obtained from the moisture meter 123.

Next, the operation will be explained based on a flowchart not shown in FIG. The input data is set by operating the loading port setting switch 117, the grain type setting switch 118, and the 10 minute value setting switches 1-19, and drying is started by pressing the drying button 115. (Steps 51.52)
Here, by operating the drying start button 1'15, the microcomputer 100 starts operating as in the above embodiment.
Operate the mechanical drive system 10°7. Also, the temperature control system 109
Is it too hot to work? The fa degree is automatically controlled to match the target temperature. Furthermore, when the drying operation starts, the heat I! at the analog input section 105! The I temperature sensor 21, the outside air temperature sensor 122, and the moisture meter 123 each periodically input measurement data to the microcomputer 1°O.
It is stored in the message 10'1. At the same time, the initial moisture value of the grain measured by the moisture meter 123 is stored in the memory 101 as an initial moisture value MO. (Step 53) After obtaining the initial moisture value MO, the CPU 102 performs measurement from the initial moisture value MO-dried body starting moisture value MS relationship graph as shown in FIG. 9 stored in the computer 101. First time! 11 Moisture value MS at the start of drying pause corresponding to moisture IMO
Calculate. (Step 54) M in this figure 9
The O-MS relationship is, for example, when MO is 28% or more, Ms is 22%, and when MO is 25-28%, MS is 21%.
%, when MO is 22'-25%, IVIS is 20%,
When the MO is less than 22%, it is set to not pause midway.

Next, in step 55), it is determined whether the initial moisture value MO is low and an intermediate pause is not necessary. If an intermediate pause is necessary, the moisture value MR is periodically read from the memory 101 and the drying pause start moisture value MS is determined. Compare whether it has become 1.

(Steps 56 and 57: At this point, grain drying is continued until the grain moisture value MR reaches the drying body stop start moisture value MS.

When the moisture value MR reaches the drying pause start moisture value MS, a temporary pause in drying is started. (Step 58) When this temporary drying pause starts, the pause continues for a preset certain period of time, for example, 1 hour to 2 hours. (Step 59) J'3 Here, the drying pause time TR may be set uniformly regardless of the initial moisture value MO, or may be variable in length depending on the initial moisture value MO.

When the drying pause time elapses, the drying operation is restarted. (Step 60) After this, the drying operation is continued until the actual moisture value MR of the grain reaches the initially set target moisture value MF, and is completed when the target moisture value MF is reached. (Steps 6l-63) Also in this embodiment of the second invention, temperature control is always performed so that the actual drying temperature in the drying chamber 15 during the drying operation matches the target drying temperature calculated by cpuiO2. As shown in the first embodiment, the temperature control at this time is performed depending on the length of the on-time period of the electromagnetic valve 8 in the temperature control system 109.

1. Effects of the Invention] As described above, this invention has the advantage that for grains with a high initial moisture value, a large moisture gradient of By reducing the resting time, it is possible to make the grain uniform, and the tensing effect can be made more effective, which effectively prevents cracking of the grain. Is it possible to remove moisture during drying with a denburing effect and achieve more efficient drying? It has the advantage of being able to do a lot of things.

Furthermore, according to the second invention, the starting moisture value of the drying body 11 is changed according to the initial moisture value. When starting to rest, the internal and surface areas (゛moisture)
For grains with a high initial moisture value, the moisture value at the beginning of the drying period can be determined.
By doing so, the risk of shell splitting can be prevented.

Therefore, it has the advantage that grains having any initial moisture value can be efficiently dried without causing shell cracking.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a front sectional view of the embodiment.
4 is a sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a flowchart of the operation of the above embodiment, and FIG. The figure is an operation timing chart of the mechanical drive system of the embodiment same as above, FIG. 8 is an operation flowchart of an embodiment of the second invention, and FIG. 9 is a relationship diagram between initial moisture value and drying pause start moisture value used in the embodiment same as above. There are: 1...grain tank, 2...-combustion device, 3...
Air conditioning huff, 4... Operation box, 5... Fuel tank, 7... Electromagnetic pump, 8... Electromagnetic valve, 9
...Grain, 10..."lever, 11...Storage chamber, 15...Drying room, 16...Hot air supply room, 1'7
'... Hot air drying chamber, 18... Rotary valve, 100.
...Microcomputer, 101...Memory, 10
2...CPL11103...Operation unit, 105...
Analog input section, 107... Mechanical drive system, 109.
...Temperature control system, 111... Display section, 123... Moisture meter Fig. 6 Mo Saine-ei, 'H Direct ('/,) Fig. 9 MO initial book reference 010) Fig. 7

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) Calculating means for obtaining initial moisture value data of the grain in the grain tank and calculating drying rest time, moisture value measuring means for monitoring the moisture value of the grain during drying, and moisture value measuring means for monitoring the moisture value of the grain during drying. A grain drying apparatus comprising a control means for suspending drying for a time set by the calculation means when the value data reaches a predetermined moisture value. (2) a calculation means for obtaining initial moisture value data of the grain in the grain tank and calculating a drying pause start moisture value; a moisture value measuring means for monitoring the moisture value of the grain during drying; A grain drying apparatus comprising control means for suspending drying for a predetermined period of time when the moisture value data reaches the drying suspension start moisture value set by the calculation means.