JPH0522154B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a grain dryer that dries grains such as paddy and wheat to a target moisture level.

[Conventional technology]

In such a grain dryer, if hot air drying is stopped during the drying process, grains are subjected to a refining action and quality can be improved.

[Problems to be solved by this invention]

However, if the drying time is fixed, the drying time may be longer.
Disturbs the worker's work plan. Therefore, the operator may have to take the harvested grains scheduled for drying out of the grain bag and take the effort to prevent them from getting stuffy.

[Means to solve the problem]

This invention aims to solve such technical problems and has taken the following technical measures.

That is, in a grain dryer configured to stop hot air drying when the moisture content of grains subjected to drying reaches a preset rest moisture value M _R while reaching the target moisture value M _L , the drying process is changed from the initial moisture value. Resting moisture value M _R
A means for calculating the drying time T1 to reach the target moisture value M L and a drying time T2 to reach the target moisture value M _L from the resting moisture value M _R
a means for calculating a desired drying time T, a means for inputting a desired drying time by which an operator can input a desired drying time T, the desired drying time T, the drying times T1, T2, and a rest time T.
3, and the drying time Tn and the desired drying time T substantially match each other.

[Effect]

The desired drying time T input by the operator, the drying time T1 to reach the resting moisture value M _R , the drying time T2 to reach the target moisture value M _L from the resting moisture value M _R , and the rest time T
The drying operation time Tn consisting of 3 is compared, and the rest time T3 is changed by the variable means so that the drying operation time Tn and the desired drying time T substantially match.

[Effect] Since it is possible to maximize the rest time within the desired drying time T input by the operator in advance, the quality of the grain to be dried can be improved by the tempering effect. Furthermore, since the drying work can be completed within the desired drying time, it is easier to plan the drying work and improve work efficiency.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings.

First, to explain its configuration, the dryer 1
A particle storage chamber 2 is provided in the upper part of the granule storage chamber 2, and a pair of left and right drying chambers 3 which are elongated in the front and back are connected to each other in the lower part thereof, and the lower end of each drying chamber 3 is rotatably driven at a constant low speed. A feed-out valve 4 is provided so that the grains in the drying chamber 3 are fed out little by little into a collection chamber 5 at the bottom. The left and right side walls of both drying chambers 3 are each made of a mesh or a perforated plate, so that the drying chamber 3 can be ventilated from side to side. Further, the hollow chamber formed between the left and right drying chambers 3 is configured as a hot air chamber, and is configured to uniformly dry the grains by drying air from a burner 6 and a fan 7. Further, a screw conveyor 8 is installed in the lower part of the collection chamber 5 facing forward and backward, and after the grains that have undergone the drying process are once transferred to the rear, they are lifted up and transferred upward by a grain lifting device 9. After that, the grains are sent to the upper center of the storage chamber 2 by the transverse conveyor 10, and the diffuser 11
It is configured to be diffused and discharged through.

A control box 12 and an automatic moisture meter 13 are arranged side by side on the outer wall of the machine at a position above the burner 6 on the left and right sides. The control box 12 also includes a digital display section 14 that can digitally display hot air temperature, grain moisture value detected by an automatic moisture meter 13, and a drying switch 15 that can drive the dryer 1. Stop switch 16 that can be stopped
A grain type switch 18 that can select the type of grain such as wheat or paddy, a loading amount switch 19 that inputs the amount of grain to be dried, and a desired drying time T. Timer (desired drying time input means) 20 and target moisture value (for example, 13.5%)
A setting moisture switch 21 etc. for inputting M _L is provided.

Next, to explain the block circuit of Fig. 4,
The arithmetic control unit (hereinafter referred to as CPU) 22 includes a memory (not shown) for storing necessary data such as a control program, a drying curve corresponding to the initial moisture value of grains, a resting moisture value M _R , and input/output. It is provided with corresponding input ports 23, 24 and output ports 25, 26, 27, and performs arithmetic and logical operations and comparison operations. Then, via input ports 23 and 24
The information taken into the CPU 22 includes output information from the digital input circuit 28 and the A/D conversion circuit 29, and the drive command signal from the CPU 22 is
Digital output circuit 30 via output port 25
Then, the signal is output to the drive circuit 30 via the output port 26 and to the display section 14 via the output port 27.
The information inputted to the digital input circuit 28 includes operation information outputted from the operation switch 17 consisting of the drying switch 15 and stop switch 16, and amount information outputted from the amount amount switch 19. Grain type information output from the grain type switch 18, desired drying time T information output from the timer 20, and output from various safety sensors 31 such as a sensor for detecting grain clogging and a sensor for detecting abnormal overheating. There is safety information and target moisture information output from the setting moisture switch 21. Further, as information input to the A/D conversion circuit 29, outside air temperature information outputted from the outside air temperature sensor 32, outside air humidity information outputted from the outside air humidity sensor 33, and hot air outputted from the hot air temperature sensor 34. There are temperature information, grain temperature information output from the grain temperature sensor 35 that detects grain temperature, detected grain moisture information output from the automatic moisture meter 3, and the like.

Next, the drive command signal is sent to the digital output circuit 30.
an electromagnetic pump 36 which keeps the pressure on the discharge side constant through the action of a relief valve; an ignition heater 37 which ignites the mixed gas in the burner 6; a suction fan motor 38 which drives the suction fan 7; The signal is output to an elevator motor 39 that drives the grain machine 9, a rotary valve motor 40 that drives the rotary valve 4, and the like. Further, via the drive circuit 30, the fuel supply amount (on time) of the burner 6 is changed so as to correspond to the hot air temperature calculated from the above-mentioned charging amount information, grain type information, and outside air temperature information. A drive command signal is output to the electromagnetic valve 41 that can control the combustion amount), and the primary air combustion fan motor 4 is outputted via the primary air control circuit 43.
A drive command signal is output at 4. The primary air combustion fan 44 is configured to be controlled by the primary air control circuit 43 so as to have a preset rotation speed based on the on-time of the electromagnetic valve drive signal. Although not shown, the automatic moisture meter 3 is configured to receive a drive command signal from the CPU 22 every few minutes and obtain grain moisture data.

The CPU 22 has the functions described below. Set a resting moisture value M _R corresponding to the initial moisture value Mo of the grain. (For example, when Mo≧22%, M _R =20%,
When Mo<22%, M _R =Mo−2). Resting moisture value
Calculate whether M _R is larger or smaller than 17%.
The drying time (initial drying time) T1 from the initial moisture value Mo to the rest moisture value M _R is calculated. (T1
= (initial moisture value Mo - resting moisture value M _R / (initial drying rate), however, initial drying rate = set drying rate (e.g. 0.8
+ (0.2 to 0.4)) Target moisture value from resting moisture value M _R
The drying time (re-drying time) T2 until reaching M _L is calculated. T2 = (resting moisture value M _R - target moisture value
M _L )/(set drying rate). Calculate the pause time T3. T3=desired drying time T-(T1+T2) If the pause time T3 is greater than 0, a drying pause is entered. If it is smaller than 0, an error message will be displayed on the display section 14 (see Figure 7) and the desired drying time T
Wait for re-input. Note that the display means may be a buzzer, a lamp, a voice synthesizer, or the like. The assumed drying time is automatically set to Tn until input again at . Tn=T1+T3+2 Next, the control action will be explained based on the time chart of FIG. 5 and the flow chart of FIG. 6.

First, the operator sets the loading amount switch 19 to a scale corresponding to the amount of grain loaded into the machine, and then sets the grain type switch 18 to the normal paddy side. Then, these grain amount information, grain type information, and outside temperature information are taken into the CPU 22 from each input port 20 via the digital input circuit 28 or the A/D conversion circuit 29, and the hot air temperature is calculated.
The operator then uses the timer 20 to set the desired drying time T.
Set.

Next, the operator sets the target moisture value with the setting moisture switch 21, and then turns the drying push button switch 15 to "ON". Then, this operation information is taken into the CPU 22 via the digital input circuit 28 and input port 23, so
The CPU 22 connects an electromagnetic pump 36 and an ignition heater 37 via an output port 25 and a digital output circuit 30.
A drive command signal is sequentially output to the carburetor motor (not shown) of the burner 6, the suction fan motor 38, the elevator motor 39, and the valve motor 40 to drive them, respectively. After a few minutes, an on-time drive command signal corresponding to the hot air temperature is outputted from the CPU 22 to the electromagnetic valve 42 via the output port 26 and the drive circuit 30.
A drive command related to the on-time signal is output to the primary air control circuit 43 to drive the primary air combustion fan motor 44 to rotate a primary air combustion fan (not shown). After the primary combustion air supplied by this fan and the vaporized gas supplied through the valve 42 and vaporized in the vaporization cylinder (not shown) are mixed to form a mixed gas,
It is ignited by the ignition heater 37 and combusts. Then, the outside air sucked into the burner box by the suction fan 6 is heated by the combustion flame and becomes hot air.
Hot air is sent into a chamber to dry the grains. At the beginning of such drying work, the moisture data detected by the automatic moisture meter 3 is taken into the CPU 22 via the A/D conversion circuit 29 and the input port 24 (step S10) and becomes the initial moisture value Mo. Then, after a resting moisture value M _R is set from this initial moisture value Mo (step S20), a comparison calculation is made to determine whether this resting moisture value M _R is larger or smaller than 17% (step S20).
S30), and when it is determined that it is small, a drying operation without resting action is performed (step S40). Conversely,
If it is determined that the initial drying time T1 is long, the initial drying time T1 is calculated (step S50), then the re-drying time T2 is calculated (step S60), and then the rest time T3 is calculated (step S70).

This resting time T3 is compared with "0" (step S80), and if it is determined to be greater than 0, the grain moisture is reduced to the resting moisture value during the drying process.
When M _R matches, the drive of the dryer 1 is stopped and paused (step S90). That is, the drive stop command signal of the CPU 22 is output to the electromagnetic pump 36, the carburetor motor (not shown), and the elevator motor 39 via the output port 25 and the digital output circuit 30 to stop the drive, and the output port 26・
The signal is output to the electromagnetic valve 42 via the drive circuit 30, and the drive is stopped. After a few minutes, the output port 26, drive circuit 30, and primary air control circuit 43
Since the drive stop command signal is outputted from the CPU 22, the primary air combustion fan 44 is also stopped.

Then, when the pause time T3 has elapsed, CPU2
From step 2, a drive command signal is output according to the sequence of the time chart shown in Fig. 5, and each rotating part of the machine is driven, and the drying operation is started again from the resting moisture value M _R to the target moisture value M _L. I will continue.
Therefore, the drying work can be completed near the drying time T set in advance by the timer 20, so that the operator can easily plan the drying work and improve work efficiency.

When it is determined that the pause time T3 is smaller than 0, that is, it is determined that the pause time T3 cannot be taken,
An error message is displayed on the display section 14, and a request is made to re-enter the desired drying time T (step S100).

Therefore, the operator can easily know whether or not a pause is possible, and can easily re-enter the desired drying time T.

Subsequently, it is determined whether the desired drying time T has been input again (step S110), and if it has been input again, the rest time T3 is calculated again. If not, the drying time Tn is automatically added to 2 hours (Tn=T1+T2+2) and the drying operation continues with an error display. Therefore, without interrupting the drying process,
To notify an operator that the desired drying time is too short, and to prevent abnormalities in the quality of dried grains.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The figure shows an embodiment of the invention,
Figure 1 is a front view of the grain dryer, Figure 2 is a partially cutaway side view, Figure 3 is a front view of the control box, Figure 4 is a block circuit diagram, Figure 5 is a time chart, FIG. 6 is a flow chart, FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a drying curve, FIG. 8 is a diagram showing error output of the display section, and FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of the grain type switch. M _L is the target moisture value, M _R is the rest moisture value, T is the desired drying time, T1 and T2 are the drying times, T3 is the rest time, and Tn is the drying work time.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 The moisture content of the grains subjected to the drying effect is the target moisture value.
In a grain dryer configured to suspend hot air drying when a preset resting moisture value M _R is reached during reaching M _L , means for calculating a drying time T1 from an initial moisture value to a resting moisture value M _R ; , a means for calculating the drying time T2 from the resting moisture value M _R to the target moisture value M _L , a desired drying time input means that allows the operator to input the desired drying time T, and the desired drying time T.
and a comparison calculation means for comparing the drying operation time Tn consisting of the drying times T ₁ and T ₂ and the rest time T3, and configured so that the drying time Tn and the desired drying time T substantially match. Machine.