JPS6121881A - Stockless type anchor for ship - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain an anchor with stability and a large holding force by providing upper and lower inclined surfaces starting from the intersection of the extension of a mounting shaft with the peripheral edge of a fluke, on the outside of said fluke and crown which are constructed in an integrated form and swingably mounted on a shank. CONSTITUTION:A stabilizer is formed by a fluke 1 which is parted right and left and a crown 2 which is constructed in an integrated form with the fluke 1. The point of gravity of this stabilizer is swingably connected to a shank 3 with a mounting shaft 4 as a center. Upper and lower inclined surfaces 8, 9 are outwardly projected with the intersection of the extension 5 of the axis of the mounting shaft 4 with the peripheral edge 6 of the fluke 1 as a starting point. Effective soil-pressure acting force is generated due to the upper and lower inclined surfaces 8, 9, enabling an anchor to have a large holding force as well as excellent stability.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a marine vessel for mooring a vessel on the ocean and connecting it to the seabed, and its configuration. The purpose of using an anchor on a ship is to prevent the ship from moving due to external forces such as wind and currents, which could lead to an unexpected accident. It is difficult to say that this has been achieved.

Anchors have been researched and put into practice to find out which ones are suitable for the purpose based on various factors related to their use, but the most important thing common to all anchors is the anchoring force, which is the ability to keep the anchor horizontal and stable at all times. Unless this assumption is made, sufficient functionality cannot be expected.

Therefore, it is used on today's large ocean-going ships. All so-called ship anchors are stockless, even the JIS type, which is Japan's industrial standard product.

This behavior on the seabed is not necessarily desirable8
At times, pronounced rotation and upward pawl phenomena have been reported, posing serious problems from the standpoint of safe anchoring of ships.

The effect of a stock has been known since ancient times as a mechanism for keeping the anchor level. However, as the means of propulsion changed to steamships, handling and storage became more important, leading to the spread of stockless types. In this case, a stabilizer is required instead of the long rod-shaped stock. Stabilizers such as the Halls type, which became the main component of the next revolution in anchors, have a flat plate-shaped guard and dripping palms on both ends of the crown, which generate upward lift from the soil and prevent the claws of freaks from scratching. The structure is designed to suppress the deflecting force.

As the freak spread wide from side to side, the soil layer in front of the stabilizer was scraped up and moved.

Once the anchor begins to drag, its ability to maintain stability is largely lost.

In response to this, due to the need for on-level innovation, we moved the Freak closer to the center shank, improved the stabilizer to suppress the upward lifting force, and created a bridge-like slope that acts on the soil in the front, achieving good stability. There are AC-i4 type and Stokes type crowns with box-shaped crowns, and the inventors left behind a mechanism with questionable stability. This was also used, and this had a significant effect on keeping the anchor horizontal.

The development of a stockless type anchor that can effectively press down on the cheeks of the structure over the entire range by controlling the soil pressure from the side requires a perfect balance between each part of the anchor structure and the soil acting force, preventing freak claws and crowns. Figure 1 shows the stabilizer mechanism that leads to this tertiary improvement with a change in shape, and A is JI.
S-type Horus. B is AC-14 type. C indicates DA-1 type.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a marine pot using two stabilizers of the present invention. The stabilizer, which is a feature of this anchor, consists of a freak claw 1 that is branched to the left and right, and a crown 2 that is integrated with the freak claw 1. It is provided with a shank 6 that is axially mounted at this center of gravity, and has upper and lower slopes 8 and 9 projecting outward from the intersection 7 between the axial center extension line 5 of the mounting shaft 4 and the freak claw peripheral edge 6. soil pressure in contact with the ridge.

The configuration below uses Tonosho.

The present invention has previously introduced a mechanism as a stockless type according to Patent No. 1127762, but it has not been possible to elucidate the effective slope configuration angle with the applied earth pressure and this effect.

Here, this will be described in detail, and if the frame is extremely large or small, it is necessary to reduce the weight for handling reasons, and the anchor shown in Figure 1 is based on this purpose.

Stabilizers provided at both ends of the crown are connected to the dripping palm 10 to form the outer shell of the dripping palm 10, and are provided with a hollow portion 11 of the crown. The mounting shaft of the shank base is mounted by a fixing pin 12 so that the jaw part 13 and the occlusal part 14 are upside down and in contact with each other, and a shackle 15 is attached to the upper end of this shaft.
is attached to form the main body, the thickness of the freak claw is reduced as much as necessary, and four openings are provided in the crown to reduce the overall weight. When used for offshore oil drilling rigs or offshore oil drilling rigs, the pot body becomes large and the increased weight places a burden on the hull structure and anchor lifting machine, resulting in an increase in holding power per unit weight. .

Figure 3 describes the working relationship between the JIS type and the claws in this soil layer and the framework. If tension is applied, the anchor loses its force balance with the soil and begins to move due to excess energy. If the claws are tilted, a moment is generated in the direction of the arrow that rotates the body toward the deeper claw side, and the soil is stirred up by the movement of the claw tips, and the stabilizer is introduced into this to become more effective. As a result, the lifting force that suppresses the reversal is not generated on the downwardly configured working surface 6, and the inclination gradually increases and the frame rotates.

Figure 5 also explains this using the AC-14 type; in this case, the pot body 1 is located inside the stabilizers 5 at both ends of the crown 4 extending from the base 6 of the claw 2, and when moving, The influence of nails can be relatively reduced. Figure 6 shows that in this tilted position, the stabilizer receives a lifting force from the arrow direction due to the tonosho on the lower slope A, and since the right tonosho located in the deep part acts strongly, the acting force is exerted by this claw side and the stabilizer is tilted. It is possible to correct the problem, but in reality, it does not restore the structure horizontally and reduces the holding power. This is because the earth pressure applied to the claw side of the stabilizer is greater than the force applied to the lower slope of the stabilizer, and the acting forces are unequal.

The off-line diagram describes the development of a more effective stabilizer based on these references, and the frame 1 that behaves in soil is
It consists of three cylindrical slopes 6 and 7 whose base point 5 is the extension intersection of the attachment axis 4 of the free hook 2 and the shank 6, and as shown in Fig. The claw moves further to the center via the AC-14 type, suppresses the rotational moment generated due to the uneven distribution of soil pressure, and the stabilizer '-, which extends from the base point, Due to the earth pressure applied to the upper slope 6 whose ridge surface is in contact with the ridge line 8 and the force pressing the free claw 2, this constituent angle a becomes a slightly backward angle of attack. By adding the weight of the structure to the structure, a large supporting capacity can be obtained from the soil that is in contact with the lower slope. Figures 10 and 11 show the behavior in the tilted position, and when the skeleton moves forward under the force of attraction, the force of tension acts in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the shank.

The structure moves in the direction of the arrow along the edges of the leak claws, that is, along the periphery, and at this time, the slopes 6 and 7 of the stabilizer ride on the soil, generating upward lifting force. Further explaining this in detail with reference to A in FIG. 11, when the anchor body is positioned vertically, the acting force from the soil is applied evenly from the direction of the arrow, and as the anchor body moves forward, it pushes up the side slope. In this state, the body's own weight applies heavy pressure to the tip of the claw, and it restores itself while digging into the soil, reaching B in the same figure, and the left slope turns downward, and the Tonosho continues to act in the direction of the arrow, and the right side of the body As it rises, the left side applies pressure due to its own weight, and eventually returns to horizontal.

FIG. 12 shows the frame being restored from horizontal to horizontal. Here, the configuration angle of each part of the mechanism where the acting force applied to the stabilizer works effectively is particularly important. 6 indicates the direction of rotation to restore.

FIG. 16 specifically illustrates this, and is a top view A.
The angle a of the stabilizer's ridge line is 45 degrees with respect to the vertical center line of the frame, and the angle of the side slopes that sandwich the ridge is 90 degrees.
At the straight line B° parallel to the vertical center line, this slope angle C is 3
5 degrees, and the angle d is also 3 at the horizontal center line C' in front view B.
5 degrees, and the ridge angle with respect to the longitudinal direction of the structure is 10 to about 1
0 degrees. The slope angle with respect to the vertical and horizontal axes requires a margin of about 10-5 degrees.

The feature of the present invention is as explained above: The stabilizer, which is a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the conventional anchor structure, generates a lift force in the direction parallel to the gravitational force on the soil.

In addition to canceling out the downward force that the free claws scrape into the soil, which becomes a holding force, and reducing this effect; This is to complete research on the function of the stabilizer.

In this configuration, the earth pressure force applied to the building frame is handled by a freak surface whose entire surface slopes from side to side. It is described in Patent No. 1151618. This effect of concentrating force from a wide volume on the claw surface, and the moderate outward slope of the left and right claw surfaces invented in Patent No. 65022, incorporates the effect of controlling the posture horizontally with respect to the soil quality. is placed on the top surface of the stabilizer at both ends of the crown, and at the same time, there is a slope that slopes outward on the bottom surface.

The free Kuzume and this upper slope are pressed against the soil by the force of their own weight added to the acting force, and the frame that presses it against the ridge surface is in a horizontal position with 9 cars [4! It is possible to invent a method in which equal pressure from I acts.

The force acting on this lower slope is most effective on the upper slope in the vertical and horizontal directions relative to the soil quality. Patent No. 151 that can be cited here
The slope of No. 618 was found to have a rising angle of 3 as a result of subsequent research.
A value of 5 degrees is considered good, and in the configuration of the stabilizer, the best slope angle is around 35 degrees for both the upper and lower surfaces. This mechanism compensates for and increases the action of the free dowel in the normal position when the anchor moves in the seabed soil, thereby strengthening the holding force. In this tilted state, the tonosho action acting in the vertical direction creates unequal pressure on both sides that always pushes the deviation back to the horizontal, and when the bottom is tilted, equal pressure is applied on both left and right sides in the normal posture.

When the frame is tilted, the earth pressure supporting force on the lower slope increases, and the force supporting the lower slope at the top decreases, acting in the exact opposite direction to the acting force applied to both upper slopes of the stabilizer, and extremely effectively maintaining the horizontal position. A shank mounting shaft is provided at the center of the acting force and mass of the main body, which causes a rolling phenomenon, and the book consists of four sloped surfaces divided into nine equal parts with the intersection of the extension of this shaft center and the end of the free claw as the base. The stabilizer invention is extremely practical as it explains the configuration angle most suitable for the soil type and the function of the slope. Thus, the present invention is based on the practical effects of a stabilizer in a stockless type.

Regardless of the stock, the frame structure of the anchor itself brings about a significant improvement in the anchoring force and stability without losing its original function, and this provides the completeness of the stabilizer as explained in the text.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

In Figure 1, A is JIS type and B is AC-14 type. c (Explanatory diagram of each stockless anchor of 4D A-1 type. Fig. 2 is an overall perspective view of the stockless type two-jaw anchor according to the present invention. Fig. 6 and Fig. 4 are behavior diagrams of the JIS type. Figure 5 and Figure 6 are behavior diagrams of the AC-14 type.Off diagram and Figure 8
9 and 9 are explanatory diagrams of the structure of the anchor and stabilizer of the present invention. Figure 10 and Figure 11 A and B are also explanatory views of the effect of the stabilizer. Figure 12 shows the behavior of the main anchor frame. FIG. 16 is a top view and a side view of A of the anchor. B is shown as this front view. Patent applicant Soji Nakamura Department 1WA Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 5

Claims (1)

[Claims] The stabilizer, which is branched from the base where the outer periphery of the freak claw intersects with the axial center line of the shank mounting shaft, has two slopes that tilt backwards provided at both ends of the crown, and the angle of this backward tilt is is 45 degrees to the horizontal axis of the frame. Both slopes protruding from the base have a ridgeline angle of 90 degrees. The vertical axis and the horizontal axis of the slope are each 35 degrees, and the backward inclination angle of the ridgeline is +-10 degrees. A stockless marine anchor with an allowable angle range of +-5 degrees on the vertical and horizontal axes of the slope.