JPS61216623A - Night acceleration greenhouse culture chamber - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a greenhouse cultivation room used for plant cultivation, and particularly to a nighttime cultivation greenhouse cultivation room for growing plants even at night.

[Prior Art and its Problems] When cultivating plants, so-called open field cultivation, in which plants are exposed directly to the outside air, has a limited growing season in response to changes in temperature due to seasonal changes. For this reason, the roofs and exterior walls of steel structures are covered with transparent materials such as vinyl sheets, which allow the light necessary for plant growth to reach them, but block the outside air and reduce the influence of the outside air on the temperature in the sky. Vinyl greenhouses, etc., which are controlled by

With the spread of vinyl greenhouses, it has become possible to grow plants in such a way that their germination and growth periods coincide with the shipping time.
In addition, it has become possible to grow tropical plants that cannot be grown in open fields, helping to enrich the diet of the people. In such greenhouse cultivation, when raising the temperature inside the greenhouse above the outside air, it is common practice to directly heat the greenhouse with kerosene and use the heat of the exhaust gas and radiant heat.

Although this method has relatively low equipment costs, it uses expensive kerosene and therefore has high operating costs. On the other hand, when using geothermal heat or waste heat from factories to raise the temperature inside the greenhouse, this heat is usually obtained in the form of steam or hot water, so the heat medium is transferred to a finned tube installed inside the greenhouse. This is done by circulating it through a type heat exchanger. This method is good if the temperature of the hot water is high and there is a sufficient temperature difference from the indoor temperature, but if the temperature difference is not sufficient, the heat exchanger will be large and the equipment cost will be high, making it impractical. Also, the places where you can get that heat are very limited.

Furthermore, in order to speed up the growth of plants, methods have been adopted that allow plants to grow even at night. In this case, the amount of kerosene m burned during the night is increased to maintain the indoor temperature similar to that during the day, and a large number of lamps are arranged to irradiate the plants with light, resulting in high operating costs.

[Object of the Invention] The present invention was devised in view of the problems of the prior art, and it is possible to control the indoor temperature according to the growth of plants with relatively low equipment and operating costs. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a night-time greenhouse cultivation system that can reduce the consumption of fuel and energy due to the rise in room temperature at night.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the night-time cultivation greenhouse cultivation room of the present invention has a space covered with a transparent member, and in the greenhouse cultivation room in which plants are cultivated in the space, A solar water heater that generates hot water using solar heat during the day, a hot water storage tank that stores hot water from the solar water heater, and a hot water storage tank that is installed indoors and receives hot water from the hot water storage tank and causes it to flow onto the surface of the wet element. , a wet wall type radiator that circulates blank air through the gap between the wet elements and releases thermal energy of hot water to the air.

[Function] The present invention produces hot water using a solar water heater during the day, stores it in a water storage tank, and sends the hot water to a wet wall type radiator at night to transfer the thermal energy of the hot water into the greenhouse cultivation room. It is released into the air and raised in temperature. The temperature of such hot water is usually low and the difference in temperature from room temperature is small, so if a normal fin-tube heat exchanger is used as a radiator, the heat transfer area would have to be enormous and it would be impractical. Type radiators have a high heat transmission coefficient because air and water come into direct contact, and can be made smaller. They also release thermal energy into the air in the form of latent heat of evaporation, so they can be used to raise the indoor temperature and It has a very effective effect when used for heat retention. That is, when the water vapor evaporated in the wet wall cooler becomes colder at night and condenses, it releases latent heat, which helps keep the room warm.

[Example] Fig. 1 is a combination of a sectional view and a piping system diagram of a night-time forced greenhouse cultivation system according to the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a wet wall type radiator.

First, the configuration will be explained. In Figure 1, 1 is a house for cultivation, the skeleton of the building is a steel frame structure, the roof and side walls are covered with transparent materials such as glass or vinyl sheets, and a space is provided inside where plants 2 are placed. It is now cultivated. 3 is a solar water heater, which is placed on or near the roof of greenhouse cultivation 1, and generates hot water during the day using solar heat. 4 is a hot water storage tank for storing hot water produced by a solar water heater, and is provided with an auxiliary heater 7.

Reference numeral 6 denotes a wet wall type radiator, which allows hot water sent by a pump 5 from the hot water storage tank 4 to flow down to release thermal energy into the indoor air, and the cooled water is sent to the side gutter 8 outside the cultivation room 1 of the house R. It is drained to. Reference numeral 9 denotes a gear type electric heat dissipation damper, which is composed of a lower damper 9a and an upper damper 9b, and opens when the indoor temperature rises too much to allow outside air to flow into the room. 10 is a night light source such as a fluorescent lamp or a mercury lamp. 11.12°13 is a temperature controller.

As shown in FIG. 2, the wet wall type radiator 6 is of a countercurrent contact type, and includes a water sprinkler 21 in the upper part, a wet type element 22 in the middle part, a water receiving tank 23 in the lower part, a casing 2γ, and a through fan 26.
It consists of

The watering device 21 is a horizontal pipe 2 with many small holes in the upper part.
1a, and an arcuate reflecting plate 21b installed above the pipe 21a and extending in the horizontal direction. Let water droplets fall. The wet type element 22 provided below the sprinkler equipment 21 is an assembly made up of a large number of plastic plate-like members arranged in the vertical direction and partially joined to each other and has uneven surfaces. The water droplets flow down while wetting the entire surface of the plate-shaped member.

The flowing water is received by a water receiving tank 23 provided below the wet type element 22.

A casing 27 is provided above the wet element 22, and a number of fans 26 are attached to the top of the casing 27, which sucks air upward from the sides of the wet element 22 through gaps between the plate-like members that constitute it. The passing air is then discharged upward.

Next, the effect will be explained.

During the day, the temperature inside the greenhouse cultivation room 1 is usually sufficiently raised by solar heat, so the wet wall type radiator 6 is not used, but especially when the outside air is cold or on cloudy or rainy days, the solar heat is not sufficient to raise the temperature inside the room. If so, either heat kerosene directly in greenhouse cultivation room 1, or
It is also possible to generate hot water using the auxiliary heater 7 and send it to the wet wall type radiator 6 for use.

On the other hand, hot water is produced by a solar water heater 3 during the daytime, and the hot water is stored in a hot water storage tank 4. In that case, the temperature inside the solar water heater 3 is detected by the temperature controller 12, and the control valve 12a provided in the middle of the piping that leads hot water from the solar water heater 3 to the hot water storage tank 4 is adjusted based on the output signal from the controller. By adjusting the amount of water, the temperature of the flowing hot water is adjusted to be equal to or higher than a predetermined value. If the amount of water stored in the hot water storage tank 4 by the evening is insufficient for mold to be used at night, water is replenished from the makeup system 15. In that case, the temperature of the hot water will drop, so the auxiliary heater 7 is used to heat it. The temperature inside the hot water storage tank 4 is adjusted by controlling the amount of steam flowing into the auxiliary heater 7 using a temperature controller 71 and a control valve 1.
This is done by adjusting the opening degree of 3a.

At night, the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 4 is sent by the pump 5 to the wall radiator 6, where the thermal energy held by the hot water is released into the indoor air in the form of explicit and latent heat, and the indoor air is heated. Increases the temperature and humidity of the air. Increasing humidity also helps in keeping warm because latent heat is released when dew condenses.

The temperature in the room is detected by a temperature controller 11, and when the temperature is higher than a predetermined value, the pump 5 is stopped by a signal from the controller 11, and if the temperature still does not drop, the heat radiation damper 9 is opened to pump the air into the room. Bring in outside air. Further, if it is effective to encourage the growth of the plants 2 at night, the night light source 10 is turned on to emit light.

[Modifications] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and the following modifications can be made within the scope of the claims.

(1) The wet wall type radiator 6 is not limited to the counter-current contact type, but may be a cross-flow type as shown in FIG. In this case, the fan 26 is mounted on the side of the wet element 22, and the air flows in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the flow of the falling water.

■If you can install water heater [4] high enough, pump 5
may be omitted. In that case, a flow rate control valve is provided in the middle of the pipe connecting the hot water storage tank 4 and the wet wall type radiator 6 to adjust the flow rate.

Depending on the type of GhM product, nighttime lighting may not be useful for growth, and in that case, a nighttime light source may not be provided.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, the night-time cultivation greenhouse cultivation room of the present invention has the following effects.

(1) By making hot water during the day using solar heat, and using that hot water to heat the cultivation room at night, we can save a lot of heat energy during the night.

■Usually, the temperature of such hot water is low, and heating using a fin-tube heat exchanger would make the equipment too large and impractical, but wet wall radiators directly contact air and hot water, so the heat transfer rate is low. The evaporation is high and the equipment can be made more compact.Thermal energy can also be used as the latent heat of evaporation, and when the evaporated water vapor cools and condenses, it releases the latent heat into the room, helping to keep the room warm.

Since zero solar thermal energy is stored as hot water using water with a large specific heat, the size of the hot water storage tank can be made relatively small.

+41 The indoor humidity increases, making it suitable for growing plants that prefer high humidity.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a combination of a cross-sectional view and a piping system diagram of the night-time forced greenhouse cultivation system of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a counter-current contact type wet wall type radiator, and Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a cross-flow type wet wall type radiator. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a heat sink. 1... House cultivation 2... Plants 3... Solar water heater 4... Hot water storage tank 5... Bon Pro... ...rlA wall type mathematical radiator 1 2 Fig. 2

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a greenhouse cultivation room that has a space covered by a transparent member and in which plants are cultivated, a solar water heater that uses daytime solar heat to produce hot water, and a hot water tank that stores the hot water from the solar water heater. a storage tank, provided indoors, receives hot water from the hot water storage tank and causes it to flow down onto the surface of the wet element;
A night-time cultivation greenhouse cultivation room characterized by being equipped with a wet wall type radiator that circulates indoor air through gaps between wet elements and releases thermal energy of hot water to the air.