JPS61210999A - Method and device for manufacturing solid body of volume reducer for solid waste - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a solid waste production method and device for a solid waste volume reduction device, and more specifically, to a solid waste production method for a solid waste volume reduction device, and more particularly, to The present invention relates to a method for producing a solidified body of a solid waste volume reduction apparatus, which continuously shapes and solidifies an extrudate extruded from the volume reduction apparatus during volume reduction treatment of waste, and the apparatus thereof.

[Conventional technology] So-called uncombustible garbage, which includes various types of plastics, metals, glass, rubber, etc., discharged from households and factories is disposed of by methods such as incineration, landfill, and resource recovery. However, each of these processes has its own problems. The main causes are often various plastics in the garbage, such as melting during incineration, clogging of the furnace due to adhesion, damage to the furnace due to local heating, and generation of harmful gases such as chlorine and dioxins. In addition, many bulky items, such as styrofoam, polyethylene sheets, and bags, are often disposed of in landfills, which incurs transportation costs, and even after landfilling, they can be exposed from the surface and blown away by the wind, polluting the environment. Recently, various methods for collecting and reusing various plastics have been proposed from the perspective of effective resource utilization.
Municipal waste contains a variety of miscellaneous items, and has the disadvantage that sorting it is rather expensive.

Therefore, we focused on the characteristics of the thermoplastics contained in these municipal wastes and turned them into powdered and granular inorganic materials (
A method has been proposed in which a coarse granular mixed solidified material is obtained by adding sand, crushed stone, incinerated ash, etc. (Japanese Patent Publication No. 11273/1983).

In this method, metal pieces, cloth, etc. are not subject to granulation, and processing after separation is required.

On the other hand, during work at nuclear power plants, etc., radioactive materials such as polysheet, paper rags, cloth rags, concrete pieces, steel materials, high-performance filters, and insulation materials are generated, and these are packed in plastic bags and miscellaneous. As a solid, it has been classified into flammable, non-flammable, or unsuitable combustible substances and stored in drums.

For example, wood, filter media (inorganic substances) like high-performance filters.
, it is necessary to dismantle and sort waste that is made up of metal plates, etc., which complicates the process and increases the possibility of workers being exposed to radiation.

These drums have been stored in storage, but the storage space has become smaller than expected, so we decided to incinerate what can be incinerated among these miscellaneous solid wastes, and store the incinerated ash directly in drums or solidify it with cement. It is a fairly stable solid substance. This incineration process targets bulky items such as polysheets, plastic bags, paper waste, cloth waste, etc., so the volume reduction effect is very large, and nuclear power plants, R
It has been widely adopted for waste treatment in facilities, etc.

However, incineration of a large amount of plastic may cause damage to the furnace, and the incineration equipment must also be equipped with a waste gas treatment equipment, which also generates secondary waste, which also has the drawbacks of high equipment costs.

Another method for treating miscellaneous solid waste is compression and volume reduction using a press.
A high-pressure compression volume reduction device on the order of g/i is being developed. According to this method, poly sheet, plastic bag, paper rag,
Cloth waste etc. can also be compressed with almost no gaps, making it an effective method for volume reduction. However, in this method, the obtained compressed body itself is a collection of heterogeneous objects, which is not preferable for long-term storage.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors
A patent application was filed for a solid waste volume reduction device as shown below (Japanese Patent Application No. 59-98637).

This solid waste volume reduction device houses a rotary shaft equipped with continuous helical blades inside a hollow cylindrical body having a waste input section, an external heating section, and a waste exit section. The upper end side of the rotating shaft is connected to the power unit via a supporting means that allows the shaft to swing, and a clearance is provided so that the solid waste causes bridging in the gap between the blade and the wall surface of the hollow cylindrical body, and The present invention is characterized in that the waste outlet section is provided with a waste outlet nozzle section that enables compression of the waste. Here, FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of this solid waste volume reduction apparatus. In the figure, 1 is a hollow cylindrical body, 1a is a waste input part, 1b is an external heating part, 1C is a waste outlet part,
2 is solid waste, 3 is a blade, 4 is a rotating shaft, 5 is a connector (
6 is a power section, 7 is a free bearing, 8 is a heating means, and 9 is a waste outlet nozzle.

To briefly explain this solid waste volume reduction device, first,
The input solid waste 2 is externally heated 1 by the rotation of continuous helical blades 3 supported by a rotating shaft 4.
It is gradually transferred in direction b. The clearance between the blade 3 and the inner wall of the hollow cylindrical body 1 is set so that the solid waste 2 forms a bridge, and the solid waste 2 is crushed and crushed in this gap.
Grinding is carried out.

According to this solid waste volume reduction device, miscellaneous solid waste can be significantly reduced in volume through integrated processing, and it is possible to obtain a solidified body in which harmful substances such as radioactive substances and heavy metals are sealed in plastic. It has the following advantages.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, when producing a solidified body of solid waste using such a volume reduction device, there are the following problems.

That is, the extrudate that is extruded when reducing the volume of solid waste using this volume reduction device passes through the waste outlet part, has an inner diameter that is approximately the same as that of the cylindrical body, and has a polygonal cross section such as a square. It is molded by being press-fitted into a waste outlet nozzle part while being gradually cooled. If this waste outlet nozzle section is short, the compressive force exerted on the extrudate is released due to its residual heat, and the extrudate may expand at the exit of the waste nozzle section. In this case, the shape of the solidified material is not constant, which is not preferable from the viewpoint of storage efficiency.

On the other hand, if the waste outlet nozzle section is not long, it will be difficult to make the device itself compact, and the resistance force received by the waste outlet nozzle section of the extrudate will increase, so the required power will also increase. becomes an obstacle.

Furthermore, since the extrudate used in volume reduction treatment of solid waste has a high viscosity, a means for cutting the extrudate is required in order to separate the extrudate from the waste outlet of the volume reduction device. As a means for cutting such an extrudate, mechanical means such as shearing with a cutter or the like or cutting with a saw can be considered, but this is not preferable because it results in a mechanically complicated structure. Furthermore, if the waste is radioactive, radioactive fine powder will be generated, which is not desirable from a safety standpoint.

As described above, no apparatus or method for efficiently producing a solidified body obtained from a solid waste volume reduction apparatus has been known so far, and the development thereof has been desired.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems in volume reduction of solid waste volume reduction equipment, and is aimed at forming and forming extrudates discharged from the solid waste volume reduction equipment. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a solidified body and an apparatus therefor that simplify a series of operations such as cutting the molten metal and filling it into a container.

[Means and effects for solving the problems of the invention] The above object is achieved by the following method for producing a solidified body of a solid waste volume reduction device and its device.

That is, the solid waste production device of the solid waste volume reduction device of the present invention includes continuous spiral blades inside a hollow cylindrical body having a waste input section, an external heating section, and a waste exit section. The upper end side of the rotating shaft is connected to a power unit via a supporting means that allows the shaft to swing, and solid waste causes bridging in the gap between the blade and the wall surface of the hollow cylindrical body. A device for producing a solidified body of solid waste using a solid waste volume reduction device provided with such a clearance, the device comprising: a forming tube, a forming tube closing means for closing the forming tube when the extrudate is press-fitted into the forming tube, a forming tube moving means for moving the forming tube; It is characterized by comprising extrudate discharge means for discharging the extrudate to the outside of the tube.

Further, the solid waste production method of the solid waste volume reduction device of the present invention includes a spiral-shaped continuous blade inside a hollow cylindrical body having a waste input section, an external heating section, and a waste exit section. The upper end side of the rotating shaft is connected to a power unit via a supporting means that allows the shaft to swing, and solid waste causes bridging in the gap between the blade and the wall surface of the hollow cylindrical body. A method for producing a solidified body of solid waste using a solid waste volume reduction device provided with such a clearance, the method comprising: a) attaching a formed tube to the waste outlet portion, one end of which is connected to the waste outlet; an extrudate forming step in which the extrudate extruded from the volume reduction device is press-fitted into the forming tube and filled and formed after the forming tube is closed by a forming tube closing means; , b) an extrudate cutting step of cutting the extrudate near the waste outlet by reversing the rotating shaft of the volume reduction device after the extrudate is press-fitted and filled into the forming tube; C) The method is characterized by including an extrudate discharging step of moving the molding tube filled with the extrudate from the press-fitting position and cooling it, and then discharging the molded extrudate out of the molding tube.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of an embodiment of an extrudate molding and processing apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic side view thereof.

In the figure, 20 is a molded tube into which the extrudate discharged from the volume reduction device is press-fitted, and 20a is a flange-structured molded tube end 21 that serves as a cross-section of the molded tube 20 when the extrudate is press-fitted into the molded tube 20. Forming tube closing means for closing, 21a is a push plate, 211) is a piston with the press plate attached, 21c is a pressure cylinder that moves the piston 21b, 22 is a forming tube moving means (belt conveyor) for moving the forming tube, 23 is a A fixing member fixes the forming tube 20 to the belt conveyor 22, 24 is an extrudate discharge means, 24a is an extrusion piston, and 24b is a pressure cylinder that moves the extrusion piston.

First, before starting volume reduction, the forming tube 20 is placed in the waste outlet section 1C so that one end thereof opens to the waste outlet section 1C. In this case, in order to prevent the extrudate from spilling out from the gap between the waste outlet section 1C and the forming tube 20, the forming tube 20
Attach one end firmly to the waste outlet section 1C. Molded tube 2
0 has a flange structure at the end 20a of the formed tube to facilitate continuous work, and connects bottle nuts at 2 to 3 locations 11
A structure in which 2M is simple is preferred. Further, since the waste outlet portion 1C is inclined at a downward angle equal to or less than the angle of repose, it is preferable that the forming tube 20 also match the inclination. Also, the molded tube 20
It is preferable to have a rectangular cylindrical shape for convenience in later filling into a container, and a plurality of them are prepared for continuous processing.

Next, the cross section of the molded tube 20 is closed by the molded tube closing means 21. The forming tube closing means 21 includes a push plate 21a-1 whose cross section is substantially the same as the inner periphery of the forming tube, a piston 21b to which the press plate is attached, and a pressure cylinder 21c that moves the piston within the forming tube at a predetermined pressure. We are prepared. In this case, the cross section of the press plate 21a needs to be substantially the same as the inner periphery of the forming tube 20. The piston 21b has a stroke longer than the length of the forming tube 20, and the pressure cylinder 21G can move the piston 21b within the forming tube 20 at a predetermined pressure. The predetermined pressure varies depending on the type of solid waste (extrudate), so it will be changed as appropriate. Push plate 21
The position a may be set at any position within the forming tube 20 depending on the pressure that supports the press plate 21a. However, the push plate 21
If "a" is set at the other end of the forming tube 20 on the volume reduction device side, the press plate 21a will move according to the predetermined pressure of the pressure cylinder 21c by the amount of extrudate that is press-fitted, and the extrudate "" will be moved into the forming tube 20. In addition, it is also possible to use a push plate whose cross section is equal to or larger than the inner circumference of the molded tube 20 and set it outside the molded tube 20.

After the forming tube 20 and forming tube ms means 21 have been set, volume reduction of the bond is started. The volume reduction device has spiral blades 3
The volume-reduced solid paste is extruded with a certain amount of pressing force. Therefore, the extrudate is forced into the forming tube 2G with a certain amount of pressure. When the push plate 21a is set to be pushed out toward the volume reduction device, the push plate 21a
Since 1a is supported under a predetermined pressure, when the pressing force of the extrudate exceeds the predetermined pressure, it will gradually move backward.

Then, when the push plate 21a is pushed out to the end on the rJIII means side, the volume reduction is once interrupted.

After the extrudate is press-fitted and filled into the molding@20 and molded in this manner, the rotating shaft 4 of the volume reduction device is reversed to cut the extrudate near the waste outlet portion 1c.

Since the viscosity of the extrudate is high to some extent, it can be easily cut by such an operation.

The forming tube 20 containing the extrudate is disconnected from the waste outlet 1c and moved by the belt conveyor 22. Molding! ! Since the device 20 is fixed to the belt conveyor 22 by the fixing member 23, it will not fall even when it is located at the bottom of the belt conveyor as shown in FIG. This belt conveyor 22 also connects the forming tube 20 to the waste outlet section 1.
It can also be sloped to match the slope of C.

As shown in FIG.
0 is air-cooled. By the time the belt conveyor 22 rotates and the forming tube 20 comes to the discharge position where the extrudate discharging means 24 is installed, it is sufficiently cooled, so that the extrudate in the forming tube 20 contracts and becomes solidified. Therefore, mold release by extrusion becomes easy. FIG. 3 is a detailed explanatory diagram of the extrudate discharge means. The cooled molded tube 20 is fixed by a fixture 240 in which the molded tube end 20a is fixed by a fulcrum 24d, and in this state, the piston 24a is pushed out by the pressure cylinder 24b to solidify the extrudate. Punch out and discharge.

The extruded solidified product falls onto a handling table (not shown), and is bundled into several pieces on the table and packed close-packed into a rectangular container. In addition, if the cross-sectional shape of the formed tube 20 is set in advance so that the container can be packed in the closest density, the solidified material 25 after forming can be directly moved and dropped directly into the container 26 as shown in □ and Fig. 4. If so, close packing can be easily achieved.

[Example J] Hereinafter, the method and apparatus for molding an extrudate of the present invention will be explained based on Examples. In the Examples, a volume reduction apparatus shown in FIG. 5 and an extrudate molding apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 were used.

One end of a removable rectangular cylindrical molded tube with a cross section that allowed for closest packing into the container was attached to the outlet of the volume reduction device.

Then, a press plate inscribed with the inner surface of the forming tube with a clearance of 2 ms was attached to the piston, and the piston was inserted into the vicinity of the waste outlet using a hydraulic cylinder.

Next, the waste was put into the volume reduction device and heated and mixed for about 10 minutes, after which the hydraulic cylinder pressure was set at 10 Kw/al and the volume reduced extrudate was press-fitted into the forming tube. When the extrudate reached the exit of the forming tube (hydraulic cylinder side), the rotating shaft of the volume reduction device was stopped, and then the rotating shaft was reversed by about 3 rotations.

Disconnect the connection between the forming tube and the waste outlet, move the forming tube on the conveyor to the position where the extrudate discharge means is installed, and punch out the cooled and solidified extrudate with the extrusion piston to obtain a good solidified product. Obtained.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, the present invention provides the following effects.

■ Solidified bodies with good moldability can be produced continuously and steadily.

■ The handling of the shaped solidified material is automated, resulting in labor savings.

■ When processing radioactive waste, it is possible to automate the process and reduce radiation exposure.

■ No need to add special extrudate cutting equipment (low cost).

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of an embodiment of the extrudate molding processing apparatus according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a schematic side view thereof, Fig. 3 is a detailed explanatory view of the extrudate discharging means, and Fig. 4 is a solidification Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the solid waste volume reduction apparatus used in the present invention. 1...Hollow cylindrical body, 1a...Waste input part, 1b
...External heating section, 1C...Waste outlet section, 2...
Solid waste, 3... impeller, 4... rotating shaft, 5...
Connector, 6... Power unit, 7... Free type bearing, 8...
...Heating means, 9...Waste outlet nozzle, 20...
Formed tube, 21... Formed tube closing means, 21a... Push plate, 21b... Piston, 21c... Pressure cylinder,
22... Forming tube moving means (belt conveyor), 23.
...Fixing member, 24...Extrudate discharge means, 24a...
・Extrusion piston, 24b...pressure cylinder, 24C
... Fixture, 24d... Fulcrum, 25... Solidified body,
26... Container.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A rotating shaft equipped with continuous spiral blades is housed inside a hollow cylindrical body having a waste input section, an external heating section, and a waste exit section, and an upper end of the rotating shaft. A solid waste volume reduction method in which the side is connected to a power unit via a supporting means that allows axial swing, and a clearance is provided between the blade and the wall surface of the hollow cylindrical body so that the solid waste causes bridging. A device for producing a solidified body of solid waste using a volume reduction device, the device comprising: a plurality of forming tubes into which extrudates extruded from the volume reduction device are press-fitted and filled; A molding tube closing means for closing the molding tube during press-fitting, a molding tube moving means for moving the molding tube, and an extrudate discharge means for discharging the extrudate in the molding tube to the outside of the molding tube. An apparatus for producing solid waste from solid waste, characterized by: 2. Claim 1, wherein the molded tube has a rectangular cylindrical shape.
Apparatus described in section. 3. The forming tube closing means includes a push plate whose cross section is substantially the same as the inner periphery of the forming tube, a piston to which the press plate is attached, and a pressure cylinder that moves the piston within the forming tube at a predetermined pressure. An apparatus according to claim 1 or 2. 4. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the extrudate discharge means comprises a piston for punching out the extrudate in the forming tube and a pressure cylinder for moving the piston. 5. A rotating shaft equipped with continuous spiral blades is housed inside a hollow cylindrical body having a waste input section, an external heating section, and a waste exit section, and the upper end side of the rotating shaft can swing. A solid waste volume reduction device is connected to a power unit via a support means, and has a clearance between the blade and the wall surface of the hollow cylindrical body to allow solid waste to form a bridge. A method for producing a solidified body of waste, comprising: a)
A molded tube is arranged in the waste outlet section so that one end of the molded tube opens into the waste outlet section, and after the molded tube is closed by a molded tube closing means, the volume reduction device is inserted into the molded tube. an extrudate forming step in which the extrudate to be extruded is press-fitted and filled to form the extrudate; b) After the extrudate is press-fitted and filled into the forming tube, the rotating shaft of the volume reduction device is reversed to form the extrudate. c) moving the molded tube filled with the extrudate from the press-in position and cooling it, and then discharging the molded extrudate out of the molding tube; A method for producing a solidified body of solid waste, comprising: an extrudate discharge step. 6. Claim 5, wherein the molded tube has a rectangular tubular shape.
The method described in section. 7. The forming tube closing means includes a push plate whose cross section is substantially the same as the inner periphery of the forming tube, a piston to which the press plate is attached, and a pressure cylinder that moves the piston at a predetermined pressure within the forming tube. A method according to claim 5 or 6.