JP3231208B2 - Waste plastic waste treatment facility - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste disposal facility for waste plastics separated and collected from municipal solid waste, in particular, those waste plastics that are not suitable for oiling.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, a recycling system has been developed in which waste plastics are processed to be liquefied and reused. However, if polyvinyl chloride is contained in waste plastics, hydrogen chloride is generated during the liquefaction. In addition, there is a problem that the oiling device is deteriorated and hydrogen chloride is contained in the produced oil, thereby deteriorating the quality of the oil.

[0003] When this polyvinyl chloride is incinerated, it has many environmental problems such as generation of hydrochloric acid gas and dioxin, and it is directly used for landfill.

[0004]

However, the collected waste plastic is crushed into flakes, and if it is used as landfill, it is very liable to be scattered and diffused, which may cause new environmental problems. It is also conceivable to reduce the volume by heating, but the air in the flakes is solidified without being able to escape completely, causing problems such as floating in water.

[0005] In a refuse incineration plant, fly ash containing a large amount of harmful heavy metals and slag obtained by melting the fly ash are not suitable for landfill because the harmful heavy metals are melted out.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above problems and separates waste plastics unsuitable for oiling together with fly ash and slag containing harmful heavy metals in a landfill.
An object of the present invention is to provide a waste plastic disposal treatment facility .

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems] disposal facilities fractionation waste plastic of the present invention to solve the above problems, the waste
A crushing device for crushing the plastic;
Waste plastics crushed into flakes are converted to oil
Suitable plastic that can be supplied to
And polyvinyl chloride that is not supplied to the oiling equipment.
Plastics to be separated into unsuitable oily plastics
Add another device and the flake-like unsuitable waste plastic
Hot-melt and wrap ash or slag containing harmful heavy metals
And a capsule forming apparatus for forming the capsule cellular I
Then, the capsule forming apparatus puts plastic in the upper part.
A conical shape with a chute and a reduced diameter at the bottom
And a vertical casing having a die at the lower end.
Heating heater provided at the reduced diameter part
Is located at the shaft center of the
Fixed screw cylinder and screw drive for kneading
Placement, the die formed inside the screw cylinder
An ash supply hole opening at the inlet, and the ash supply hole
Ash supply screw and screw drive for ash supply
And a cutter provided at the exit of the die .

[0008]

In the above configuration, before adding the oil conversion device,
Unsuitable oily flakes separated by a tic separator
Plastic is supplied to the capsule molding machine and the capsule
In the molding equipment, the flakes are
Unsuitable oily plastic is fed into the casing
Is heated and melted by a heater,
Kneading screw blades rotated by the Liu drive
It is further kneaded and sent to the entrance of the die to be formed into a cylindrical shape.
On the other hand, fly ash or granulated slag supplied to the screw cylinder
Is a supply screw rotated by a supply screw drive.
It is cut out by a fixed amount from Clew, and the center position at the entrance of the die
And sent into the molded cylindrical plastic
I will. At the exit of the die, a cutter
And both ends are sealed, fly ash or granulated slag
Is formed. these
The plastic capsule 35 is transported to a landfill and discarded.
It is used for landfill.

[0009] Therefore, flake-like unsuitable for oiling plus
By molding the tic into a capsule containing ash and slag, the air contained in the plastic is extruded and the slag is included, so that the specific gravity of the capsule becomes 1 or more and it can be stably discarded in the landfill. Also, since the plastic covers the ash or slag, elution of harmful heavy metals contained in the ash or slag is prevented. This makes it possible to simultaneously safely dispose of unsuitable oily waste plastic and ash or slag containing harmful heavy metals in a landfill.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, waste plastic waste according to the present invention will be discarded.
An embodiment of the disposal facility will be described with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, collected municipal waste 1
The waste plastics 2 separated from the waste plastics and the waste plastics 2 recovered for recycling are crushed into flakes by a crushing device 3 and then supplied to, for example, a specific gravity type plastic separation device 4, and a high-quality Oil-compatible plastic 6 that can produce oil of the type described above, and unsuitable plastic material mainly composed of polyvinyl chloride that generates chlorine gas at the time of oil-forming and adversely affects the oil-forming apparatus 5 and lowers the quality of the generated oil. 7 and a specific gravity difference. At this time, the sorting accuracy may be reduced due to the air adhering to the flake-shaped waste plastic, and an unsuitable oil-based plastic 7 mainly composed of polyvinyl chloride containing some other acrylic plastic or the like is obtained.

On the other hand, the incinerated waste 11 is incinerated in a waste incinerator 12. The fly ash 13 entrained in the exhaust gas contains many harmful heavy metals.
Captured at 5. In some cases, the fly ash 13 is further heated and melted in an ash melting furnace 16 for volume reduction and detoxification to form granulated slag 17 containing harmful heavy metals.

[0013] The flake-shaped unsuitable oily plastic 7 is
Since it is extremely easy to scatter and landfill may cause secondary pollution, fly ash 13 or granulated slag 17
And into the capsule forming apparatus 21.

As shown in FIG. 2, the capsule forming apparatus 21 has a conical vertical casing 22 with a reduced diameter at the lower part.
Is provided with a plastic charging chute 23, a heater 24 is provided at a reduced diameter portion, and a die 25 is provided at an outlet at a lower end. The casing 22
A screw cylinder 27 having a kneading screw blade 26 fixed to the outer periphery thereof is hung down at the axial center of the screw cylinder 27. It is open. The screw cylinder 2
Reference numeral 7 denotes a rotating cylinder portion 27a rotatably supported via a bearing in the casing 22 and a fixed cylinder portion 27b on an upper portion thereof. A kneading screw drive device 29 for rotating the rotating cylinders 27a by rotating the rotating cylinders 29c and 29d is provided. An ash supply screw 30 is built in the ash supply hole 28,
7b is provided with a gear box 3 by an ash supply motor 31a.
An ash supply screw drive device 31 for rotating the worm 21 and the worm gear 31d to rotate the ash supply screw 30 via 1b is provided. Reference numeral 32 denotes an ash supply chute provided on the upper portion of the fixed cylindrical portion 27b.
Further, a cutter 34 driven by a cutter motor 33 is provided at an exit of the die 25.

In the above configuration, when the flake-shaped unsuitable oily plastic 7 is supplied from the plastic charging chute 23 into the casing 22, it is heated to 160 to 250 ° C. by the heater 24 and melted, and the kneading screw driving device is used. The mixture is kneaded by the kneading screw blades 26 rotated by 29 and compressed, sent to the inlet of the die 25 and formed into a cylindrical shape. On the other hand, the fly ash 13 or the granulated slag 1 supplied to the screw cylinder 27 from the ash supply chute 32
7 is cut out by the feed screw 30 rotated by the feed screw driving device 31, and the die 2 is cut out.
5 is discharged to the center position of the entrance and fed into the molded cylindrical plastic. Then, at the exit of the die 25, it is cut to a predetermined length by a cutter 34, and both ends are sealed to form a plastic capsule 35 containing fly ash 13 or granulated slag 17. These plastic capsules 35 are carried to a landfill, discarded, and provided for landfill.

The reason why the heating temperature of the unsuitable oily plastic 7 is set to 160 to 250 ° C. is that if the temperature is lower than 160 ° C., the unsuitable oily plastic 7 does not melt sufficiently. This is because cyan gas is generated from the acrylic plastic contained in the unsuitable plastic 7.

EXPERIMENTAL EXAMPLE Unsuitable oily plastic 7 having a particle diameter of 8 mm after being pulverized.
Then, fly ash 13 as a dry sieved classified product (20 mesh) was supplied to a capsule forming apparatus 21 to produce a plastic capsule 35. At this time, the supply amount of the unsuitable oily plastic 7 is 60 kg / h, and the supply amount of the fly ash 13 is 20 kg / h.
The outer diameter of the plastic capsule 35 was 18 mm and the length was 25 mm.

The specific gravity of the plastic capsule 35 is 1
It was confirmed that it sinks more than water. In addition, as a result of performing a dissolution test in water on the plastic capsule 35 obtained in this experiment, no dissolution of heavy metals was observed.

In the above embodiment, in particular, fly ash 13 containing a large amount of harmful heavy metals and granulated slag 1 obtained by heating and melting fly ash 13
However, the invention is not limited to this, and incineration ash or slag containing harmful heavy metals discharged from a refuse incinerator can also be used.

[0020]

As described above, according to the present invention, the flake-shaped unsuitable oil-based plastic is heated and melted, and furthermore, is contained in the plastic by being formed into a capsule containing ash and slag. Because the air is pushed out and contains slag, the specific gravity of the capsule is 1
As described above, the ash or slag can be stably disposed of in the landfill, and the plastic covers the ash or slag, thereby preventing the harmful heavy metals contained in the ash or slag from being eluted. Therefore, ash or slag containing unsuitable oily waste plastic and harmful heavy metals can be simultaneously safely disposed of in landfills.

Further, in the capsule molding apparatus, when flake-shaped unsuitable oily plastic is supplied from the plastic charging chute into the casing, the plastic is heated and melted by the heater, and the kneading screw blade is rotated by the kneading screw drive. And fed to the entrance of the die to form a cylinder. On the other hand, fly ash or granulated slag supplied to the screw cylinder is cut out by a fixed amount from a supply screw rotated by a supply screw driving device, discharged to a center position at an entrance of a die, and formed in a molded cylindrical plastic. Sent to. Then, it is cut to a predetermined length by a cutter at the exit of the die, and both ends are sealed to form a plastic capsule containing fly ash or granulated slag. These plastic capsules 35
Will be transported to landfills and disposed of for landfill.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a waste treatment facility for sorting waste plastic according to the present invention.
It is a flowchart showing an example of equipment .

FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of a capsule forming apparatus of the waste treatment equipment .

[Explanation of symbols]

Reference Signs List 4 Specific gravity type separation device 5 Oil conversion device 6 Oil conversion suitable plastic 7 Oil conversion inappropriate plastic 16 Ash melting furnace 17 Granulated slag 21 Capsule forming device 24 Heater 25 Die 26 Kneading screw blade 27 Screw cylinder 28 Ash supply hole 29 Kneading screw Drive device 30 Ash supply screw 31 Ash supply screw drive 34 Cutter 35 Plastic capsule

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of front page (56) References JP-A-2-144184 (JP, A) JP-A-1-254285 (JP, A) JP-A-48-95476 (JP, A) JP-A-2- 307584 (JP, A) JP-A-6-277645 (JP, A) JP-A-4-182579 (JP, A) JP-A-2-12494 (JP, U) WO 94/20232 (WO, A1) ( 58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B29B 17/00-17/02 B09B 1/00-5/00

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A crushing device for crushing waste plastic, and a waste plastic crushed into flakes by the crushing device.
Can be supplied to a liquefier to produce high quality oil
It is produced by supplying oil-compatible plastics and oil-supplying equipment.
Based on polyvinyl chloride that reduces the quality of oil
Plastic separation equipment for sorting unsuitable plastics
If, melted by heating the flakes Yuka unsuitable waste plastic
The ash or slag containing harmful heavy metals
A capsule forming device for molding into a cell shape, wherein the capsule forming device is provided with a plastic charging chute at an upper part thereof.
Vertical with a conical shape with a reduced diameter at the bottom and a die at the bottom
A mold casing; a heater provided at a reduced diameter portion of the casing;
-Screw cylinder with fixed blades and kneading screw
-A driving device , formed at the inside of the screw cylinder and at the entrance of the die.
An ash supply hole that opens, an ash supply screw and an ash supply built in the ash supply hole;
And feeding screw driving device, that has a cutter provided at the outlet of the die
Characterized waste disposal equipment for waste plastic sorting.