JPS61205504A - Air conditioner for automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make improvements in comfortableness ever so better, by making heating capacity in a heating apparatus controllable, while constituting the downstream of the heating apparatus as being bisected into a ventilation flue with an air flow regulating door mixing cold air with hot air and feeding an upper blowoff port with this mixed air and another ventilation flue feeding a lower blowoff port with the hot air directly. CONSTITUTION:In case of a by-level mode, an air-mix damper 7, a deflector door 15, a vent deflector damper 9 and a floor door 17 are all seat to a full-line position each and a blower motor 2 is driven, taking in the outside air. This fresh air is dehimified and cooled, then a part of it is bisected into the foot blowoff port side and the vent deflector side at the deflector door 15 after passing through a heater core 4. On the other hand, cold air bypassing the heater core 4 at the air-mix damper 7 is mixed with hole air branched off at the deflector door 15 and blown to a deflector blowoff port. When the vent deflector damper 9 is selected, it comes to a vent blowoff. With this constitution, unevenness in blowoff temperature at the upper and lower sides is eliminated, thus comfortableness is improvable even so better.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to an air conditioner for a vehicle, and more particularly to a temperature control device for controlling the temperature of air blown out from an upper outlet of a vehicle interior and the temperature of air blown out from a lower outlet. .

[Background of the invention]

As a conventional air conditioner for automobiles, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-13
As shown in Publication No. 0809, a part of the air that has passed through the evaporator and a heater core as a heating device are reheated to the upper blow-off duct connected to the upper blow-off port and the lower blow-off duct connected to the lower blow-off port, respectively. At the same time, the air mix door installed on the inflow side of the heater core and the air mix door installed on the outflow side of the heater core control the inflow rate of the cold and hot air from each outlet. A device configured to control the temperature of the blown air is known.

According to this conventional device, the air that has passed through the evaporator is reheated by the heater core more than necessary, so the temperature difference between cold and hot air that joins in each duct becomes too large, making it impossible to achieve a perfect air mix within the duct. There was a problem in which temperature unevenness occurred in the blowing air.

Furthermore, since two passages bypassing the heater core are required, the volume of the device increases, and if the volume is limited, the cross-sectional area of the cold air passage becomes small, resulting in an increase in cold air passage resistance.

[Purpose of the invention]

An object of the present invention is to eliminate temperature unevenness in the conditioned air blown out from the upper and lower outlets, thereby improving comfort and downsizing the device.

[Summary of the invention]

A feature of the present invention is that the amount of reheating can be adjusted while saving the heating capacity of the heating device itself, thereby minimizing the temperature difference between the hot air and cold air to be mixed, and the hot air passage downstream of the heating device. is branched into two, one of which is connected to the upper blow-off duct, where it mixes with the cold air that has bypassed the heating device.

The other hot air passage is directly connected to the lower blowout duct,
The above object is achieved by configuring the system so that the heated air-mixed conditioned air is blown out from the upper outlet and the fully reheated conditioned air is blown out from the lower outlet.

[Embodiments of the invention]

An embodiment of the present invention will be explained in detail below based on the drawings.

A blower 2 is provided at the inlet of the casing 1, and an inside/outside air switching duct 5 is provided upstream of the suction port 2a of the blower 2, and has an inside air intake port 5a that communicates with the inside of the vehicle interior and an outside air intake port 5b that communicates with the outside air of the vehicle interior. is provided. A switching damper 5c operated by a negative pressure actuator 6 is rotatably supported within the internal/external air switching duct 5.

The evaporator 3 cools and dehumidifies the air sucked into the casing 1 by the blower. The cooled air is reheated by a heater core 4 that uses engine cooling water as a heat source.

The air mix door 7 controlled by the actuator 8 adjusts the amount of reheating by the heater core 4 by controlling the ratio of the amount of cold air flowing into the heater core 4 and the amount of cold air bypassing the heater core 4.

Hot water valve 19 whose opening degree is controlled by actuator 19
a controls the flow rate of hot water flowing into the heater core 4 and adjusts the heating capacity of the heater core 4.

The hot air passage on the downstream side of the heater core 4 is branched into two parts, one of which is connected to an upper air outlet duct LDU that leads to a vent outlet 1a that blows out conditioned air toward the upper part of the passenger compartment, that is, toward the upper body of the passenger. The other side is a foot air outlet 1 that blows out conditioned air relatively below the passenger compartment, that is, at the feet of the passengers.
It communicates with the lower blow-out duct 1dΩ which leads to b.

The cold air that has bypassed the heater core 4 and a portion of the warm air that has been reheated by the heater core 4 flow into the air mix chamber IM through the upper blowout duct ldu, where they become mixed conditioned air and are blown out from the vent outlet 1a. .

The upper blow-off duct LDU further communicates with a defroster duct LDD which communicates with a defroster blow-off port for blowing air toward the inner surface of the windshield.

A switching damper 9 operated by an actuator 10 is provided at a branch point between the upper blow-off duct LDU and the defroster duct LDD, and directs the flow direction of the conditioned air to the vent blow-off port 1.
Switch between a and defroster duct LDD.

When the switching damper 9 switches to the dotted line position to open the defroster duct LDD, the door 11 controlled by the actuator 12 also switches to the dotted line position to open the vent outlet 1a.
Block the airflow to.

Moreover, this door 11 can be switched to the dotted line position even when the switching damper 9 is in the solid line position, and in this case, the hot air from the hot air passage is guided to the upper position in the figure of the upper blowing duct LDU, and inside the same duct LDU. This function is effectively achieved within the Miras Champa IM with cold air flowing into the air.

Furthermore, this door 11 can also be switched to the solid line position when the switching damper 9 is switched to the dotted line position. In this case, the cold and hot air flowing into the upper blowout duct LDU is
The air can be blown out through the part 1 to the vent outlet 1a.

The defroster damper 13 operated by the actuator 14 blows out conditioned air to the defroster outlet 1c by switching to the dotted line position when the switching damper 9 switches to the dotted line position connecting the defroster damper LDD and the upper blowing duct LDU. .

Diverter door 1 operated by actuator 16
5 controls the amount of hot air reheated by the heater core 4 that flows toward the upper blowing duct LDU side, and controls the temperature of the conditioned air that is mixed in the mix chamber 1M and blows out from the vent outlet 1a.

Floor door 17 operated by actuator 18
is composed of double doors, and controls the blowing of conditioned air from the lower blowing duct ldu to the foot blowing outlet 1b.

The vacuum tank 20 is connected to an intake manifold of an engine (not shown) via a check valve 20a. A three-way switching solenoid valve 21 is provided at the output part of the vacuum tank 20.
is provided so that it can control whether negative pressure or atmospheric pressure is output from the vacuum tank 20. For example, the vacuum tank shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-3964 can be used.

Negative pressure or atmospheric pressure, which is the output of the vacuum tank 20, that is, the output of the electromagnetic valve 21, is supplied into the sealed valve assembly VA via the tube 21c.

Eight ON-OFF solenoid valves are incorporated in the valve assembly VA, and in principle, the valve assembly V
Input nipple 22 of each built-in valve formed in A
Valve bodies 22c to 29c which are energized by springs 22b to 29b to normally close a to 29a, and valve bodies 22c to 29c.
The electromagnetic attraction force generated when the electromagnetic coils 22e to 29a acting on the magnetic members 22d to 29d supporting the magnetic members 22d to 29d is energized by the power supply causes the valve bodies 22c to 29c to overcome the force of the springs 22b to 29b and open the input nipple. magnetic circuit means for pulling back in the direction of This allows each valve 2
The output states of the output nipples 22f to 29f are controlled.

The opening degree of the inside/outside air switching door 5c is controlled by the actuator 6 to three positions: the 8th position, the 5th position, and the C position. The actuator 6 consists of a bellows-shaped telescopic pressure vessel, into which negative pressure to atmospheric pressure is supplied from the output nipple 22f of the valve assembly VA through the input nipple of the actuator 6. .

Application of negative pressure to the actuator 6 is performed by operating the solenoid valve 22 based on the output of the control circuit 37. The input nipple side end of the actuator 6 is fixed, and the rod 6b of the actuator 6 is moved by the spring 6a as shown in FIGS.
It is locked to the door that is pulled in the direction of the arrow in Figure P1. When atmospheric pressure is acting on the actuator 6, the rod 6b is pulled to the left in FIG. 1 by the spring 6a, and the door 5c is eventually controlled to the 8th position. At this time, outside air is taken into the casing 1 of the air conditioner by the blower 2. When negative pressure is supplied to the actuator 6 through the nipple 22f, the rod 6b is pulled to the right in FIG. 1 against the force of the spring 6a, and as a result, the door 5c moves to the 5th position. At this time, the air inside the vehicle (
Half of the air (inside air) and half of the outside air are taken in. When negative pressure is further supplied to the actuator, the rod 6b is further drawn to the right in FIG. 1 against the force of the spring 6a, and as a result, the door 5c moves to the C position.

At this time, the inside air is drawn into the casing 1 of the air conditioner by the blower 2.

If the compressor 3a is driven, the air sucked in by the blower 2 is cooled and dehumidified when passing through the evaporator 3. Here, 3b indicates a coil of an electromagnetic clutch, which receives an output from the control circuit 37 at a terminal 81 to connect and disconnect the compressor and engine.

The air that has passed through the evaporator 3 flows into the heater core 4 or passes through a detour formed around the heater core 4 and flows into the upper blow-off duct LDU.

Air mix door 7 provided on the inflow surface of heater core 4
is the amount of air that has passed through the evaporator 3 that flows into the heater core 4 and the amount of air that bypasses the heater core 4 and flows into the upper blow-off duct ldu.
Control the amount and proportion that leads to.

The actuator 8 controls the opening degree of the feeder 7 from the output nipple 23f of the valve assembly VA based on the output of the control circuit 37.

Similarly, the actuator 10 has the output nipple 24f, the actuator 14 has the output nipple 25f, the actuator 12 has the output nipple 26f, the actuator 16 has the output nipple 27f, and the actuator 18 has the output nipple 2.
8f and the actuator 19 are operated by the switching damper 9, defroster damper 13, door 11, and diverter door 1 according to the negative pressure and atmospheric pressure supplied from the output nipple 29f, respectively.
5. Control the floor door 17 and hot water valve 19a, respectively.

As the hot water valve 19a controlled by the actuator 19, a hot water cock disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 45-4532 can be used.

The control circuit 37 includes a vehicle interior upper and lower temperature sensor 30°31, an outside air temperature sensor 35. Upper outlet duct temperature sensor 32. Defroster outlet temperature sensor 33, solar radiation sensor 36, hot water temperature sensor 34, and temperature setting device 6 provided on the operation panel 60
Based on each electrical signal from 1.62, the opening degree of the air mix door 7, the ON-FF of the compressor 3a, and the switching damper 9.
Position of door 11 and diverter door 15 Blower motor 3
It outputs a control signal that determines the zero rotation speed and hot water flow rate.

Furthermore, the operation panel 60 has a mode setting device AUTO63 for switching between economy mode EC0N, which controls air conditioning by stopping the compressor, near conditioning mode A/C, which controls air conditioning by operating the compressor, and dehumidification mode Dt! [There is a mode setter 64 that switches between ST and defroster mode DEF,
These two mode setting devices are composed of push buttons,
- The above-mentioned two modes can be selected and switched alternately by pressing the button twice. Indicators 65-68 display which mode is selected.

The OFF switch 69 controls the operation and shutdown of the air conditioner. When the LO mode setter 7o is operated to fix the blower speed to a low air volume, the blower speed is fixed to a predetermined low rotational speed regardless of other mode settings. When the HI mode setter 71 is operated to fix the blower speed to a high air volume, the blower speed is fixed to a predetermined high rotational speed regardless of other modes. When operating the resanikyu timer mode REC setting @73, the internal/external air switching door is switched to internal air circulation regardless of other mode settings.

Indicators 73 to 75 display the operating states of the blower speed LO and HI mode setters and the recirculation timer mode setter 72.

The indicator 76 for changing the set temperature is the temperature setting device 61.6.
Each time 2 is pressed, the position of the scale illuminated by the lamp rises and falls, indicating the rise and fall of the set temperature. The set temperature display 77 numerically displays the temperature set by the temperature setting devices 61 and 62.

The outside air temperature setting device 78 reads the output of the outside air temperature sensor 55 using the control circuit 37 and displays it.

The mode display 79 displays the operating mode of the air conditioner.

What is important here is that the solenoid valve 2 and the eight ON-OFF solenoid valves 22 to 29 in the valve assembly VA are synchronously controlled by the output of the control circuit 37.

When the solenoid valve 21 is not energized by the power source, the valve 21a is biased to the atmospheric pressure introducing position by the force of the spring 21b. For this reason, atmospheric pressure is supplied within the valve assembly VA.

The eight 0N-OFF valves are connected to coils 22e to 2 in steady state.
9θ is not energized by the power supply, resulting in springs 22b-29
The force b causes the valves 22c to 29c to close the input nipples 22a to 29
It is controlled to the position indicated by a. When determining that it is necessary to output negative pressure to one of the output nipples of the control circuit 37, the control circuit 37 energizes the solenoid valve 21, and the control circuit 3
A signal is intermittently output to energize the coil of the ON-OFF valve corresponding to the output nipple that requires negative pressure a predetermined number of times calculated in step 7. As a result, while the coil is energized, the valve body of the ON-FF valve corresponding to the output nipple is pulled back against the force of the spring, and negative pressure is intermittently output to the output nipple. Negative pressure is thus required, and negative pressure is applied to the actuator according to the number of interruptions, and the actuator contracts and displaces due to the negative pressure, thereby moving the door or the hot water valve to the target position.

ON-〇FF when the specified control is completed after a specified period of time has elapsed.
The valve is de-energized and its output nipple's corresponding input nipple is occluded. As a result, the pressure inside the actuator is maintained at the current pressure state, and the positions of the doors and valves are fixed.6 Next, the power to the solenoid valve 21 is cut off, and the valve element 21a closes the negative pressure introduction passage and increases the pressure. The air pressure introduction passage is opened and atmospheric pressure is supplied to the valve assembly VA via the tube 21c.

If it is determined that atmospheric pressure needs to be supplied to any actuator, the control circuit 37 confirms that the solenoid valve 21 is de-energized, and then
The N-OFF valve is energized an intermittent number of times given as a control signal to open the input nipple, and atmospheric pressure is supplied to a predetermined actuator from the output nipple.

Incidentally, if it is determined that atmospheric pressure is required for other actuators while negative pressure is being supplied to one of the actuators, the control circuit 37.

The control priority of both is determined, and the control is applied to the latter actuator after the negative pressure supply to the former actuator is terminated, the solenoid valve 21 is de-energized, and the inside of the valve assembly becomes atmospheric pressure. Control to determine whether to open the input nipple by energizing the 0N-OFF valve corresponding to the output to output atmospheric pressure to the output nipple, or to interrupt the control of the aforementioned actuator and control the latter actuator. do.

In this way, the solenoid valve 21 and the eight ON-FF valves are not energized by the power supply until the temperature control signal changes or a mode switching request occurs after the air mix door and other mode doors have transitioned to a steady state. can be in a disconnected state,
Power consumption can be reduced.

In the above embodiment, the output from the pressure source was switched between negative pressure and atmospheric pressure according to the request of each actuator, but the pressure source is configured so that it can alternately output negative pressure and atmospheric pressure at a predetermined period. However, by operating an ON-OFF valve synchronized with the output of the pressure source, either negative pressure or atmospheric pressure can be supplied to each actuator.

That is, energization and de-energization of the solenoid valve 21 are switched at predetermined intervals, for example, every 0.2 seconds. As a result, negative pressure and atmospheric pressure are alternately output from the pressure source to the tube 21a.

The control circuit 37 then outputs negative pressure to the output nipple corresponding to each actuator requesting negative pressure during a period of 0.2 seconds while negative pressure is being supplied to the valve assembly VA through the tube 21a. Pressure should be output (ON-〇Turn on the FF valve. If the actuator's negative pressure request does not end just once, operate the ON-OFF valve again the next time the output of the pressure source becomes negative pressure. Negative pressure is supplied, and this is repeated until the negative pressure request disappears.Also, the control circuit 37
In order to output atmospheric pressure to the output nipple corresponding to each actuator that requests the supply of atmospheric pressure during the 0 and 2 seconds when atmospheric pressure is supplied to the valve assembly VA, the 0N corresponding to this nipple is outputted. - Energize the OFF valve.

With this configuration, all actuators can be controlled without waiting time (at most, a waiting time of 0.2 seconds is sufficient for switching the output of the pressure source), resulting in excellent responsiveness of temperature control and mode control. You can obtain an air conditioner with a high temperature.

In addition, the 0N-OFF solenoid valves 22 to 29 are energized for about 1/20 seconds by - times of energization, and each actuator 6.8, 110
, 12, 14, 16, 18, and 19 are configured to stroke approximately 1/20 of the total stroke when energized once. Therefore, each actuator will make a full stroke when energized 20 times. This complete stroke takes approximately 2 seconds.

Furthermore, the control circuit 37 is continuously energized as necessary.

It is configured to output a continuous de-energization signal.

For example, if the set temperature has changed significantly.

Or, if you want to switch to a predetermined one-turn state as quickly as possible, such as during a temperature control transition such as when starting up a device, or when switching modes of a defroster, etc., a control signal for continuous energization or continuous de-energization is output.

In this case, if the control mode of the solenoid valve 21 is the former, negative pressure is continuously supplied to the actuator depending on whether atmospheric pressure or 0N-OFF solenoid valve is continuously energized or not.
The time required for a full stroke of the N-OFF solenoid valve is shortened by the absence of rest time. By the way, 0N-OF
If the rest time of the F solenoid valve is set to 1/20 seconds, the time required for the entire stroke of the actuator is reduced to about 1.0 seconds.

The control signals for the opening degree of the air mix door and the flow rate of hot water can be calculated by a microcomputer constituting a control circuit according to the idea shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 57-130809.

First, when the temperature is set using the temperature setting devices 61 and 62 on the operation panel, the set temperature T6 and the outside temperature sensor 35
The detected temperature T1 and the amount of solar radiation Q detected by the solar radiation sensor 36
The target vehicle interior temperature T, according to the following calculator programmed into the ROM of the microcomputer based on: is calculated.

However, the target temperature T. and outside temperature T, the unit is [℃],
The value of α is 115 when the outside temperature T is 25°C or higher, and 1/15 when the outside temperature is 25°C or lower, and the amount of solar radiation Q (kcajl/
hl is 20 per 1°C difference between the temperature TQ detected by the solar radiation sensor 36 and the temperature T1 detected by the vehicle interior temperature sensor (average temperature calculated from the outputs of the upper sensor 30 and lower sensor 31).
The value converted as the amount of heat (kca12/h) is used.

Target temperature T. , outside temperature T1, lower interior temperature sensor 3
The target hot air temperature TdL0 to be blown from the foot outlet 1b is calculated from the foot temperature TL detected in step 1 using the following equation.

(However, T11O, is the target temperature at the feet) ΔT, = T,
. , -T, ...(3) (However, T
When dL0≦0 [℃], TdL0=0('C), Td
When L0≧60('C), TdL0=60(''C).) Then, the control signal for the hot water flow rate to obtain the target hot air temperature Td is the number of times the valve 29 is operated (i.e., the number of energizations). NW is calculated using the following formula.

ΔTd,. =Td,. -Td, ...(
5) N,=3γ1ΔTd,. ...(
6) (However, when N≦-20 times, N = continuous energization at negative pressure, and when Nw ≧ +20 times, N = continuous energization at atmospheric pressure. When in defroster mode, N, = atmospheric (Continuous energization on the hour. Also, γ is a constant.) The microcomputer calculates in which direction and by how much the hot water valve 19a should be moved from its current position, and turns ON-〇F.
The F solenoid valve 29 is energized intermittently or continuously a number of times determined by calculation when the output of the solenoid valve 21 is in a predetermined state, such as when the output is in a negative pressure state or in an atmospheric pressure state.

For example, if you want to reduce the amount of hot water flowing into the heater core 4 from its current state, the amount of hot water flowing into the heater core 4 can be reduced by a predetermined number of times calculated by a microcomputer while the solenoid valve 21 is outputting negative pressure.
The N-OFF solenoid valve 29 is energized. Actuator 19
A predetermined negative pressure is introduced, and as a result, the hot water valve shifts in the direction of reducing the flow rate.

Conversely, if you want to increase the amount of hot water flowing into the heater core 4 from the current state, when the solenoid valve 21 is outputting atmospheric pressure, the flow rate is 0N- for a predetermined number of times calculated by the microcomputer.
The OFF solenoid valve 29 is energized. A predetermined atmospheric pressure is introduced into the actuator 19, and as a result, the hot water valve moves in the direction of increasing the flow rate.

This control is repeated until the foot temperature reaches the target foot blow temperature.

On the other hand, the target temperature T8°, the outside air temperature Ta, the upper body temperature Tu detected by the upper inside air temperature sensor 30, and the cold air duct internal temperature T detected by the sensor 32 in the mix chamber 1M.
From du, the target cold air temperature T in the mix chamber 1M
du0 is calculated using the following equation.

(However, T, .. is the upper body temperature target value) ΔT, = T, . -T, -(8)
(However, when Td, 0≦0 [℃], Td, 0=Q
("cl, 'rd,. When ≧30 ("C), Td,, = 30 ("C1")) Then, the target opening degree of the air mix door 7 to obtain the target cold air temperature Td, . The control signal NLI of the ON-OFF solenoid valve 24 to obtain the following equation is calculated.

JTdu0=Td, o-TdU −・−(
10) N, = λ ΔTdu0... (11) (However, when Nu≦-20 times, NU = continuous energization during negative pressure, and when Nu≧20 times, N = continuous energization when atmospheric pressure is positive) (In addition, when in the defroster mode, Nu=atmosphere is continuously energized.) The microcomputer calculates in which direction and by how much the air mix door 7 should be moved from its current position, and
The N-OFF solenoid valve 29 is energized intermittently or continuously a number of times determined by calculation when the output of the solenoid valve 21 is in a predetermined state such as a negative pressure state or an atmospheric pressure state.

For example, when it is necessary to further move the air mix door 7 from the current position to the full cool side, the ON-OFF solenoid valve 24 is energized a predetermined number of times while the solenoid valve 21 is outputting atmospheric pressure. A predetermined atmospheric pressure is introduced into the actuator 8, and as a result, the air mix door 7 moves to the full cool side.

Conversely, when it is necessary to move the air mix door 7 from the current position to the full hot side, the ON-FF solenoid valve 24 is energized a predetermined number of times while the solenoid valve 21 is outputting negative pressure. A predetermined negative pressure is introduced into the actuator 8, and as a result, the air mix door 7 moves to the full hot side.

In this way, the harmonized air blown out from the vent outlet 1a located on the upper body side and the foot outlet 1b located on the foot side are controlled to a desired temperature according to the set temperature (target vehicle interior temperature).

Indoor temperature TR1 target vehicle interior temperature T, written in RAM in the microcomputer. In response to a command from the microcomputer, the control circuit 37 outputs a control output that energizes the ON-OFF solenoid valve 22 so that the condition shown in Table 1 is satisfied, and the inside/outside air switching door 5c is controlled.

Table 1 Further, the voltage applied to the blower motor 2 is controlled as shown in Table 2 by the output of the control circuit C based on instructions from the microcomputer, thereby controlling the amount of air blown and the stoppage of the drive.

Table 2 In addition, the drive stoppage of the cooling device (compressor) is controlled as shown in Table 3 by the output of the control circuit C based on the commands from the microcomputer.

Table 3 Below, the door, damper position, and air flow will be explained for each mode of the air conditioner shown in FIG.

FIGS. 2 to 7 are schematic diagrams for specifically explaining the air flow and temperature adjustment of the embodiment of the automatic air conditioner according to the present invention. Figure 2 shows the state of airflow at maximum cooling.In order to circulate the indoor air and cool the cabin as quickly as possible, the blower motor 2 sucks in the indoor air, and the blown air is evaporated in step 3. In this mode, the air mix damper 7 is in the full cool position as shown in the figure, and the vent differential damper 9 and air conditioner damper 11 are open as shown in the figure. There is. Figure 3 shows the air conditioner mode, and this mode is in a stable state when the outside temperature is relatively higher than the middle season, when temperature-controlled air is blown out from the vent outlet to regulate the temperature inside the car. Now let's talk about automotive air conditioners (below).

Generally speaking, the intake air of an air conditioner (abbreviated as "air conditioner") is taken into consideration by introducing outside air as shown in the figure, considering the ventilation of the vehicle interior, and the air is dehumidified and cooled by an evaporator 3 as shown in FIG. The cold air bypassing the heater core 4 and the reheated hot air passed through the heater core 4 are divided and mixed at an appropriate ratio (to obtain the necessary blowing temperature). At this time, the vent differential damper 9 is placed in the position shown in FIG. 3 to restrict the vent blowing air and change the direction of the air passage to facilitate air mixing to obtain a stable blowing temperature. In addition, in this air conditioner mode, the maximum temperature of the air blown out from the vent outlet is naturally limited due to the feeling, so the temperature of the cold air and hot air is adjusted by adjusting the blowing temperature downstream of the heater core 4 to below the allowable vent blowing temperature. This is to reduce the difference and obtain a stable air mix blowing temperature. Figure 4 shows the pie level mode, which is used from the middle of the season to the period when the outside temperature is relatively low. The intake air is set to outside air introduction mode with emphasis on ventilation.

The air blown by the blower motor 2 is dehumidified and cooled by the evaporated air 3, and is divided by the airmic damper 7 into cold air that bypasses the heater core 4 and air that is reheated by the heater core 4. In this pie level mode, the hot air passage downstream of the heater core is divided by the diverter door 15. In pie level mode, the temperature of the hot air blown from the feet is adjusted by adjusting the flow rate of hot water, and the temperature of the cold air blown from the vent outlet is adjusted by combining the bypass cold air of the heater core 4 and the warm air that has passed through the heater core. This is done by air mixing, and the warm air mixed at this time is the same level as the warm air blown directly to the feet, and the temperature is regulated in advance.

In pie level mode, the temperature of the hot air is mainly controlled by the temperature at your feet, and this temperature-controlled warm air is guided to the vent outlet and mixed with air with a small temperature difference between cold air and hot air to maintain a stable vent outlet temperature. get. In the pie level mode, as in the air conditioner mode, the vent differential damper is closed to obtain a stable air mix.Also, since hot air is blown from the foot of the user, the floor door 17 is naturally opened as shown in the figure. FIG. 5 shows the heater mode used when the outside air is low, and the temperature control section of the blowing air is similar to the pie level mode shown in FIG. 4, with only the upper outlet being different. Therefore, as shown in the figure, the differential damper 13 opens and the air conditioner damper closes. Figure 6 shows the operating state of the floor mode when it is necessary to blow hot air only from the feet, and the air mix damper 7 is fixed at the full hot position.

This mode ovens the diverter damper 15 and blows hot air only from the feet.The temperature is adjusted by controlling the hot water in the heater core 4.In the floor mode, the air mix damper is heated between full cool and full hot. This can also be done steplessly, but in order to obtain a stable air-mixed blowout, the hot water control method described above is the best. FIG. 7 shows the operating state of the differential mode, which is used when the windows are fogged or frozen. Therefore, as shown in the figure, the airflow heats all the cold air and blows it out from the differential air outlet. In general, defroster mode emphasizes emergency elements, introducing all outside air,
It is normal to run the cooler and make it fully hot, but
By operating the air mix damper 7, the differential outlet temperature can also be adjusted.6 Figure 8 shows an embodiment of the control device used in the air conditioner according to the present invention. The zero line control system that operates from the inside/outside air switching damper 5 to the floor damper 17 based on the control signal issued is an example of negative pressure control.
The vacuum tank check valve (built-in) stabilizes fluctuations in engine negative pressure6.For example, let's take a case where the internal/external air switching damper 5 is operated steplessly.First, the three-way valve 21 is controlled by the control unit 37 The two-way valve 22 is intermittently turned ON and OFF after being turned ON by a signal from the section.

When the number of times the two-way valve 22 is turned on and off is determined, the air inside the actuator 6 for operating the inside and outside air is discharged in proportion to the number of times the two-way valve 22 is activated, and the inside and outside air switching damper is moved to an arbitrary position against the force of the return spring. The internal/external air switching damper can be pulled up to When returning the inside/outside air switching damper 5, the three-way valve 21 is turned OFF and the two-way valve 22 is intermittently turned 0N-.
Turn it off. If the number of intermittent operations of the two-way valve is determined in the same way as when pulling the inside/outside air switching damper 5, air (atmosphere) proportional to the number of activations of the two-way valve is introduced into the actuator 6 for operating the inside/outside air switching damper, thereby switching between inside and outside air. The damper 5 is pulled back by a return spring.

Similarly, for the other dampers, each damper can be operated to any desired position by performing the above operation using a combination of the three-way valve 21 (common) and the two-way valve (dedicated) that operates each actuator. Since each actuator is operated by sharing the three-way valve 21, the control unit 37 performs time-sharing control to prevent interference between each actuator.If this special damper operation is prioritized, better control can be achieved. For example, if the order of priority is the manual control signal on the operation panel, then the automatic operation mode switching signal, then the temperature control signal, then the automatic air volume signal, etc., you can achieve good air conditioning. It can be done. Next, to show an example of temperature control, Fig. 9 shows block lines that control the temperature of the upper part of the passenger compartment. A vehicle interior target temperature is determined. On the other hand, the upper room temperature is fed back to the control unit 37 by the upper vehicle interior sensor, and a complementary deviation from the upper interior target temperature is determined, and the arithmetic circuit 37
7 to calculate the target blowing temperature for the upper room temperature to become the upper target room temperature. At this time, the temperature of the air blowing out from the upper outlet (vent outlet) is detected by the vent outlet sensor 32, the deviation from the target distillate temperature is determined, and the two-way valve 23 shown in FIG. 1 is operated. Calculate the number of times. The two-way valve 23 is operated based on the calculation result of the number of operations of the two-way valve 23, and the air mix damper 7 which is linked to the actuator 8 is operated to control the upper blowing temperature so that the upper room temperature becomes the upper target room temperature. Figure 10 is a block diagram showing lower room temperature control, and the concept is exactly the same as upper room temperature control.
In contrast to the upper air mix damper control, in the lower room temperature control, the water valve 19 is controlled so that the lower room temperature matches the lower target room temperature, but the details will be omitted.

According to this embodiment, the three-way valve 21 is used in common to control each damper, and the two-way valves controlling each damper are time-sharing controlled, so an inexpensive control system can be provided. The water valve 19 detects the deviation between the target outlet temperature (or target water temperature) and the actual outlet temperature (actual water) without controlling the position, and adjusts the outlet temperature so that the difference between the target room temperature and the actual room temperature disappears. Or, since it is a system that controls water temperature, it is possible to completely eliminate the need for adjusting equipment.
Improved reliability and low cost air conditioners can be provided. Furthermore,
By providing the air conditioner damper 11, the direction in which the cold air flows changes so that it collides with the hot air that is flowing downwards, and by closing the vent differential damper 9, the air mix air is narrowed and the air is blown out. This has the effect of making the wind more uniform.

Next, the control flow of the microcomputer of the same embodiment will be explained.

An example of software in which a microcomputer (hereinafter abbreviated as microcomputer) is applied to control this air conditioner will be described below.

Figure 12 shows the PAD flow of the main program.
(Program analysis diagram), Ilo, memory initialization routine 1, which is executed only once after microcomputer reset
01, 102, and a control routine that is repeatedly executed thereafter. First, when power is supplied by operating the ignition key switch of the vehicle, the microcomputer is reset and control is forcibly transferred to the beginning of the initialization routine. This I10 initialization routine 1
01 sets the internal conditions of the microcomputer itself and the signal states of input/output terminals to predetermined conditions.Next, the memory initialization routine 102 sets the internal data of the memory, which is a storage circuit, as necessary. When the microcomputer is set or cleared to 0 or more, the microcomputer is ready to perform control, so it moves on to the control routine and repeats a series of arithmetic controls until the power is turned off. The general operation of the block will be explained below.

First, an input signal reading routine 103 performs an operation to input input signals such as an operation signal from a passenger and a humidity signal from a sensor into the microcomputer.

Here, the operation signal from the passenger is 0N1 for the air conditioner.
There are 0FF, set temperature selection signal, operation mode (switching of air inlet and outlet) signal, air volume selection signal, etc. or,
Temperature signals include outside air temperature, cabin temperature, outlet air temperature, engine cooling water temperature, air temperature before and after the evaporator, as well as solar radiation and vehicle speed signals. Load into the microcontroller.

Next, correction of read data and conversion routine to internal data 1
04, the nonlinear characteristic part of the A/D conversion data is corrected and the unit is converted, and the data is converted into data that can be easily handled inside the microcomputer.

Next, in the control target temperature calculation routine 105, the target vehicle interior temperature T, is determined. Here, based on the set temperature selected by the occupant, the outside air temperature, solar radiation, and driving mode conditions are taken into account to calculate the occupant's setting so that a comfortable temperature space can be maintained without any operation by the occupant. Shift and adjust the set temperature.

Next, in the routine 106 for calculating the blowout target temperature using proportional and integral calculations, proportional and integral calculations are performed based on the already read cabin temperature and the signal of the actual control target temperature adjusted in the previous section. Blowout target temperature Td required to maintain the temperature space. .

Calculate Tdtlo.

Next, the diverter door, A/M (air mill) door, W
/C (water cock) opening calculation routine 107 reads the actual outlet air temperature To, T, and the target outlet temperature Td calculated in the previous section. -Tdb. By the comparison calculation, it is determined whether the opening degrees of the converter doors A/M door and W/C are excessive or insufficient.

Signal data Nw for correcting each excess and deficiency.

By creating Nゎ, etc. 1 or above, you are ready to perform temperature control, but since the operation of the A/M differential etc. requires time-based control, in the main program, after the calculations above, The process moves on to the next item, and the actual opening control of the A/M door, etc. is carried out in a timer interrupt routine to be described later.

Next, the main program calculates the blower applied voltage for determining the blowout air volume using the blower motor applied voltage calculation routine 108. Here, when the set target temperature T1° and the vehicle interior temperature T are approximately equal, a low air volume is set, and as the difference between them increases, a high air volume is set. Other details are as shown in Table 2.

Next, in the suction/outlet switching determination routine 109 and the compressor/display content switching determination routine 110, opening/closing of each switching door, 0N10FF, etc. of the compressor are determined based on the passenger's settings and comparative judgment of temperature conditions. At the same time, the operating status is displayed to the occupant via the monitor display device.

The inside/outside air switching door is as shown in Table 1, and the compressor is as shown in Table 3.

Finally, in the output signal output routine 11, output signals are actually output from the microcontroller for each item of the operations determined in the above routine, excluding items that require time-based control, and each device is make it work. In reality, the above-mentioned control routines are repeatedly executed at extremely fast processing speeds, and the control routines are executed repeatedly at extremely high processing speeds, and are
Temperature control is carried out while each device responds immediately.

FIG. 12 is a PA diagram explaining the flow of the timer interrupt routine.
In D, the hardware function of the microcomputer is configured to forcibly shift the processing from the main routine to the main routine at regular intervals. Therefore, processing after a certain period of time or processing related to one hour can be realized by using this routine.

In this figure, first, the timer count processing routine 112
Because the time interval at which processing moves to the zero routine that measures time is usually about a few ms, it is necessary to create a long time such as once every minute or to stop output after 10 minutes. Each time the processing shifts to this routine, the timer counter is counted up to create standards for use in various time-related controls.

Next, in the A/V (air valve) 0N10FF control routine 113, output signals of items such as the A/M door that require time-based control are processed.

Here, each output signal is sequentially switched according to the elapsed time of the timer counter described above based on the excess/deficiency data of the opening degrees of the converter door, A/M door, and water cock calculated by the main program. Since it is particularly related to time sharing control, it will be explained in detail again with reference to FIG.

Finally, there is a return routine 114, which returns the state to the state before the processing was forcibly transferred, and the main program processing is continuously executed.

Here, in this embodiment, a software example of echo time sharing control will be described below.

As explained in Figures 1 and 8, the time sharing control operates by providing a two-way valve for each actuator in contrast to one three-way valve connected to a negative pressure source, and controlling each A/V.
When implementing zero time sharing control, which operates three-way valves and two-way valves over time and supplies appropriate negative pressure to each actuator, the following items should be clarified in the software. There is a need.

(1) Determine the operation required for each actuator (stopping, opening to the atmosphere, and conducting negative pressure).

(2) Prioritize each air valve according to the decision in (1) and perform ON/FF control in chronological order.

Here, regarding item (1), there is no direct relationship with one hour, and the calculation can be determined repeatedly in the main program shown in FIG. 11, while regarding item (2), time series, In addition, since it is necessary to manage the control time according to each control amount, processing in the timer interrupt routine shown in FIG. 12 described above is necessary. Therefore, there is a need for means for transmitting the results of calculations determined in the main routine to the timer interrupt routine, and an example in which this is implemented using part of the memory in the microcomputer as a flag will be described below.

As shown in Fig. 18, when controlling seven actuators <Actl to Act7, A/
Seven two-way valves (○N10FF valve) from v1 to A/v7,
One three-way valve connected to a negative pressure source is required. On the other hand, as shown in FIG.
- Set the eight flag areas of M7. Here, each flag has a size of 8 bits, from -129 to 0 to +1.
1 Functionally, MO corresponds to a three-way valve connected to a negative pressure source, and M1 to M7 are each A
/V1 to A/V7. Flag MO has a positive value (0
) indicates that the three-way valve is open to the atmosphere, and conversely, a negative value indicates that the three-way valve is conducting negative pressure. This flag is used during the timer interrupt routine. On the other hand, for flags M1 to M7, if the value is O, it indicates the stop of the corresponding actuator, and if it is positive, it is released to the atmosphere, and if it is negative, negative pressure is introduced, and its absolute value is Let it represent the required control amount.

That is, if the content of the flag M1 is 20, it is necessary to operate the actuator Actl to the atmosphere opening side by an amount equivalent to 20, and if the content of the flag M5 is -15, it is necessary to operate the actuator Actl to the atmosphere opening side by an amount equivalent to 15. Only, actuator Ac
Indicates that it is necessary to operate t5 to the negative pressure introduction side.
The contents of each flag are determined and written in the main program as described above, and the A/V operation is determined by referring to the values of these flags in the timer interrupt routine.

In order to operate each actuator by the amount corresponding to the value in each flag, the following two methods can be considered.

(1) Each A/V is configured to repeat 0N10FF at a constant period, and the number of times each 0N10FF is determined according to the absolute value in each flag. (Control based on the number of energizations of the ON-FF valve explained in the above embodiment) (2) Control the ON time of each A/V according to the absolute value in each flag.

Here, method (2) is adopted for the purpose of A/V operation durability conditions and A/V operation noise reduction, and a method that performs control based on priority order within the timer interrupt routine. This will be explained in detail. The embodiment of FIG. 1 can be controlled either way.

FIG. 20 shows the PAD of the control program.

Actually, this routine is incorporated into the A/V 0N10FF control block in the time interrupt routine shown in FIG. The routine in Fig. 20 is executed by the hardware function at regular intervals (for example, every Ioms). First, in the first block, flags M1-M7 are checked, and if the flag value is 0, A certain way corresponds to A
/V to 0FFL, 0th order M to stop the actuator
After checking the contents of the flags in order from 1 to M7, I came across flag M whose contents were not 0 for the first time.

Check the sign of (x=1 to 7). If this sign is negative, branch to the upper block of PAD and the corresponding A c
It operates to conduct negative pressure to tx. Specifically, all A/Vs that are open to the atmosphere (A/Vs corresponding to flags with positive values) are set to 0FFL, and the operation of opening to the atmosphere is stopped. Next, switch the three-way valve to the negative pressure conduction side, and then operate the A/V corresponding to the flag MYO checked earlier. Through the above operations, negative pressure flows into Actx via the three-way valve and A/V, and necessary operations begin. In the program, in order to control the time of main negative pressure conduction, the content of flag M is simultaneously incremented by 1 (1 in the direction of 0).
) and the timer interrupt routine exits.
When the processing of this timer interrupt routine is started again after Ioms, if the content of flag M8 checked last time is not 0, the exact same operation will be performed, and this will be 10.
This is repeated every ms until the contents of the flag become 0. In other words, A for a time of 110m5X (absolute value of the contents of )
Negative pressure is introduced into ctx.

When the content of flag M becomes O, the content of flag M(,,□,) is checked in the next timer interrupt routine.

Flag M. , 1. If the content of is positive.

It branches to the block below the PAD in Figure 20 and operates to release the corresponding Aet(m+xl) to the atmosphere.This specific operation corresponds one-to-one to the negative pressure conduction operation as shown in the PAD. , these operations are executed from flag M1 to flag M7. From the above.

If the operation of the A/V corresponding to flag M1 is not completed, the A/V corresponding to flag M2 will not operate, and as a result, flag M
1 has the highest priority, and flags M2 to N3 have lower priorities.

Note that the other A/Vs will not operate until the operation of the A/V with higher priority, which has lower operating priority in the order of M1 → M7, stops (however, the longest continuous operating time of each A/V ( The value of the set flag) is limited to 1 fixed value or less) If the flag is 0
By continuously operating the A/V, the time A/V is proportional to the value of the set flag.
It is possible to make N.

In the previous section, an example of the time interrupt routine for implementing time sharing control was explained.Next, we will explain the specific example of the main routine that calculates and determines the flag data to be transmitted to this tie 27 interrupt routine. The operation will be explained.

First of all, as an example of an element that continuously controls the opening degree according to the discharge temperature, the 14th section regarding the opening degree calculation of the A/M door.
The zero routine explained with the drawing is included in the opening calculation routine of the converter door, A/M-A, and W/C in the main program.

The case where only 0N10FF is controlled, such as other bed doors, is significantly different in that the actual blowout temperature etc. is detected by a temperature sensor and the actuator is controlled based on a negative feedback signal. In other words, the change in the opening degree of the A/M door is caused by electrical negative pressure and takes a relatively short time (ls
ec or less), but it takes several seconds to more than ten seconds for the temperature sensor to detect the actual temperature, and the temperature signal during this time is meaningless as a negative feedback signal. Therefore, special care is required to handle the control signals during this time. In order to solve this problem, in this embodiment, 1
After controlling the opening of the A/M door.

The time t is sufficient for the blowout temperature sensor to detect the temperature.
□Fix the opening of the A/M door during the waiting time.

After that, the process of calculating the opening degree correction amount of the A/M door again based on the temperature condition is repeated.

To explain the processing on the software web using PAD, in Fig. 14, it is first determined whether t1 time has elapsed since the previous A/M door processing, and if >1 hour has not elapsed, the A/M door is If so, proceed to the next step without performing any processing. On the other hand, if more than t□ time has elapsed, calculate ΔTdu0, which is the difference between the blowout target temperature Tdu calculated in the previous step in the main program and the actual blowout temperature T detected by the temperature sensor, Depending on the result, a numerical value is written in the flag position for transmitting data to the timer interrupt routine.

Specifically, if ΔTdu0, it is necessary to increase the blowout temperature, so a value corresponding to γ×JTd, is written as the value of the flag, where γ is a constant and ATd
This is a value determined experimentally from the amount of correction of the A/M door opening degree required to correct the temperature difference of uo. On the other hand, J.T.
If duo<<O.

Similarly, write the value of γ×ΔTd,, into the flag, and
In the case of Td, , = O, by writing O in the flag, the subsequent A/M door control processing is automatically executed by the timer interrupt routine.

Next, as an example of an element that controls only 0N10FF in the main program, the six routines explained in FIG. It is included in the vent, blowout and switching determination routine, but the basic operation is to set the vent blowout target temperature Td. and a predefined constant temperature Tduz (actually set at about 20 to 30°C), and if Tdu0≦Td, □, the blowing temperature is a comfortable temperature of 20 to 30°C or less. Therefore, open the vent outlet and conversely, if Td, 0≦Td1.

Since the blowing temperature is so high that it would be uncomfortable if it directly hits the upper body of the human body, the vent outlet is closed and the hot air is switched to be blown out from the differential outlet.

In fact, in order to make the time sharing operation work effectively, the numerical value written in the flag is adjusted. In other words, in the case of Td, J0≦Td, the previous calculation judgment result is (0 pen), and if the vent door was open last time, 1 to 2
K is a constant of small magnitude.

The value of is written to the flag. This serves to correct negative pressure leakage in the actuator during time sharing. On the other hand, if the previous calculation result was that the vent door was closed, the value is written to the flag. Write 3 values into the flag corresponding to the necessary and sufficient time to move to full throttle.
In contrast to the above, when T d uo > T d ut is established and the vent door is to be closed, the actual vent door control process in which the value of - or - is similarly written as the value of the flag is Similarly, it is automatically executed by the timer interrupt routine.

Although the calculation of the opening degree of the A/M door and the calculation of the opening degree of the vent door have been described above as typical examples, calculation processing for other actuators related to time sharing can be realized using a similar method.

By the way, the control flow of the diverter door 15 is shown in Fig. 13.
The control flow for the floor door 17 is shown in FIG.
The control flow of each is shown in FIG. 17.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the present invention, in an automotive air conditioner that controls the temperature inside the vehicle interior independently of the upper and lower parts, the lower temperature control is a full reheat type temperature control that controls the temperature by controlling the heating capacity of the heater itself. The upper temperature is controlled by controlling the mixing ratio of the warm air and the cold air that bypasses the heater core, or by using a heat air mix type temperature control, so that there is no temperature unevenness in the blowing air. We were able to obtain an air conditioner with a small volume.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of an air conditioner according to the present invention;
Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, and Fig. 7 are schematic diagrams showing the air flow of the same embodiment, and Fig. 8 is the negative pressure control that controls the air conditioner of this embodiment. Explanatory diagram of the system, Figure 9,
FIG. 10 is a block diagram for explaining temperature control of an air conditioner according to the present invention. Fig. 11 shows the main control flow of the control circuit of the same embodiment, Fig. 12 shows the interrupt flow, Figs. 13 to 17 show the control flow of each control element, and Figs. 18 to 20 show the negative pressure control. 3 is a drawing showing the control flow of FIG. 2...Blower, 3...Evaporator, 4...Heater core, 5c...Inside/outside air switching door, 7...Air mix damper, 15...Deverter door, 19a...Hot water valve,
22-29...0N-OFF solenoid valve, 21...3-way switching solenoid valve, 31-35...temperature sensor, 36...
Solar radiation sensor. 37...control circuit.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. It has an evaporator, a heating device that reheats the air cooled by the evaporator, and a reheating degree control device that controls the degree of reheating in the heating device to control the amount of cold heat supplied to the passenger compartment. In the device, the hot air passage downstream of the heating device is branched into two, and one of the hot air passages is connected to an upper blow-off duct connected to an upper air outlet of the passenger compartment, so that the heating device is bypassed. The air flowing into the upper blowing duct and the hot air from the one hot air passage are mixed and blown into the vehicle interior from the upper blowing outlet, and the other hot air passage is connected to the lower blowing outlet of the cabin. door means configured to connect to a lower blow-off duct and blow out from the lower blow-off port, and to adjust the amount of hot air flowing into the upper blow-off duct from the one hot air passage; and air flowing into the heating device. and a heating capacity control means for controlling the heating capacity of the heating device itself. 2. In the invention described in claim 1,
An automobile characterized in that the heating device is composed of a heater core that uses vehicle engine cooling water as a heat source, and the heating capacity control means is composed of a flow control valve that controls the amount of engine cooling water flowing into the heater core. air conditioning equipment.