JPS61200821A - Perforated mat - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a perforated mat easy to process, transport and construct, by forming not only a large number of parallel fluid channels to plate shaped rubber so as to pierce therethrough from one end surface thereof to the other end surface thereof but also small apertures communicated with the fluid channels from the single surface or both surfaces of said rubber. CONSTITUTION:A perforated mat 2 is layed on the bottom part of a filter bed 11 and a filter bed 14 comprising a particulate material for collecting the suspended substance in raw water 13 such as sand is provided on said mat 12. The filter bed 14 is constituted of an upper small particle size bed 14A, and intermediate medium particle size bed 14B and a lower large particle size bed 14C. Small apertures 13 are formed only to the single surface of the perforated mat 12 and headers 4A, 4B are provided to both ends of said mat 12. Raw water supplied from above is filtered during a time when fallen through the filter bed 14 and the treated water is flowed into the fluid channels 2 within the mat 12 through the small apertures 3 and gathered in the headers 4A, 4B at both ends of said mat 12 to be taken outside.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] 〔Technical field〕 The present invention relates to the structure of a plate-shaped porous mat.

[Prior art]

Porous members are widely used to supply and withdraw fluids such as water or air.

For example, in a filtration tank, an unglazed porous block is laid on the bottom, and sand and other materials in the raw water are placed on top of it. −];t=
There is a structure in which a filtration layer is deposited in different ways, and the filtered liquid is taken out through the porous block while the filtration layer is settling. That is, the porous member (porous block) in this case is used to take out the processing liquid.

In addition, in an aeration tank for temporary treatment of sewage, a pipe with many small holes is installed at the bottom of the tank, air is sent into this pipe, and air is ejected from the small holes to perform activation treatment. . That is, in this case a porous member (pipe) is used to supply air.

However, such conventional porous members have different structures depending on the purpose of use, and lack versatility.

Furthermore, since the porous block is a hard and large member hardened with cement or the like, it is inconvenient to transport, and there are also problems in that a large number of blocks are laid and workability during construction is poor.

In the pipes used in the aeration tank, a large number of pipes must be reinstalled in order to aerate the entire surface, and the processing and construction of the pipes requires a great deal of effort, leading to an increase in equipment costs.

(Objective) The object of the present invention is to solve the problem of porous members used for supplying or extracting fluids, and to provide a porous mat that is easy to process, transport, and install, and has excellent versatility. That's true.

〔overview〕

The present invention provides a porous mat by forming a plurality of parallel fluid passages penetrating from one end face to the other end face and a large number of small holes communicating with each of the fluid passages from one or both surfaces in a plate-shaped rubber or plastic. By obtaining this, the above object is achieved.

In this case, depending on the purpose of use, headers communicating with each fluid passage are provided at both ends of the porous mantle.

〔Example〕

The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a porous mat according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which a plurality of fluid passages 2 and a large number of small holes 3 are formed in a plate-shaped rubber or plastic (hereinafter simply referred to as a mantle) 1. It has a structure that

The plurality of fluid passages 2 are formed by parallel holes penetrating the mantle 1 from one end surface to the other end surface. Further, the large number of small holes 3 are formed so as to communicate with each fluid passage 2 from one or both surfaces of the mat 1.

FIG. 2 shows a partial cross section along the fluid passage 2 when the small holes 3 are formed only on one side, and FIG. 3 shows a similar partial cross section when the small holes 3 are formed on both sides.

The cross-sectional shapes and dimensions of the fluid passage 2 and the small hole 3 can be set as appropriate depending on the case, but the diameter in the case of a circular cross section is set to, for example, 4 to 8 diameters for the fluid passage 2 and 1 to 2 diameters for the small hole 3. can do.

As an example of the method for manufacturing the porous mat shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, for example, when the material is rubber, a strip having a cross-sectional shape having fluid passages 2 is made by extrusion molding, and rollers having needle-shaped protrusions are attached on one side or A method of obtaining a product by applying pressure on both sides to form a large number of small holes 3 at predetermined positions, and then vulcanizing and cutting to a predetermined length, or cutting to a predetermined length and vulcanizing. will be adopted.

Rubber or plastic is used as the material for the porous mantle according to the present invention, and its hardness can be set as appropriate. In addition, in the case of particularly hard materials, in addition to flat ones,
It is also possible to form it into a plate shape having curves, warps, irregularities, or steps depending on the purpose of use.

FIG. 4 shows a porous mat according to another embodiment, which has a structure in which headers 4A and 4B communicating with each fluid passage 2 are fixed to both ends of the porous mat of FIG. 1 by adhesive or vulcanization. The other parts are substantially the same as those of the porous mat described in FIGS. 1 to 3, and corresponding parts are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed explanation thereof will be omitted.

The headers 4A, 4B are provided with ports 5.5 at appropriate positions for supplying or removing fluid.

Also, please select the material of these headers 4A and 4B appropriately.)
One end (1 inter-ma,, t 1 voice t) -/+1 imperial jet 1 temporary base iron or metal such as aluminum can be used.

In the case of FIG. 4 as well, the small holes 3 can be formed on one or both sides of the mat 1 as shown in FIG. 2 or 3.

Next, examples of the use of the porous mat explained above are shown in Figures 5 to 8.
This will be explained with reference to the figures.

FIG. 5 shows a case where the device is used to take out a processing liquid (water, etc.) from a filtration tank.

In FIG. 5, the filtration tank has a porous mat 12 spread on the bottom of the tank 11, and a filtration layer 14 made of granular materials for trapping suspended matter such as sand in the raw water 13 on top of the porous mat 12. In the illustrated example, the filtration Fi 14 has an upper layer 14A having a small particle size.
It is constructed by depositing three layers of different grain sizes: an intermediate layer 14B with an intermediate grain size and a lower layer with a large grain size.

The porous mat 12 has small holes 3 formed only on one side (the upper surface in the figure) (see Figure 2), and headers 4 at both ends.
Those having A and 4B are used.

The raw water supplied from above is filtered while settling in the filtration layer 14, and the treated water flows into the fluid passage 2 in the porous mantle 12 through the small holes 3, and flows through the headers 4A, 4 at both ends.
After being collected in B, it is taken out to the outside.

As described above, by using the porous mat 12 according to the present invention, treated water can be taken out more smoothly than in conventional methods. Furthermore, compared to unglazed porous blocks, the processing, transportation, and construction of the members are easier.

FIG. 6 shows the case where the porous mantle according to the present invention is used in an aeration tank.

In FIG. 6, in the aeration tank, a porous mat 22 is placed at the bottom of a tank 21, and water 23 containing pollutants is stored in the tank 21. The porous mat 22 used has small holes 3 formed only on one side (the upper surface in the figure) (see FIG. 2) and has headers 4A and 4B fixed to both ends.

Air for activating (aerating) the sludge water 23 is pumped into the fluid passage 2 from one or both of the headers 4A and 4B, and is ejected from a large number of small holes 3 formed on the upper surface, forming small bubbles. Rise through the sludge water.

In this way, fresh air is supplied to the sludge water and bacterial treatment is activated.

As shown in FIG. 6, by using the porous mat 22 according to the present invention as an air supply means for an aeration tank, it is possible to more easily achieve aeration over the entire planar surface than when using a conventional perforated pipe. can.

Furthermore, compared to the conventional perforated pipe installation type or other types, it has the advantage of being easier to construct and having lower equipment costs.

FIG. 7 shows the case where the porous mat according to the present invention is used as a crack prevention device during hardening of cement.

In FIG. 7, a porous mat 32 is laid on the cement 31 that is being cured, and water supplied from one or both of the headers 4A, 4B is allowed to penetrate into the cement 31 through the fluid passage 2 and the large number of small holes 3.

In this case, the porous mat 32 usually has small holes 3 formed only on one side (the lower side in FIG. 7).

In particular, in the case of fast-setting cement, the temperature rises during curing, e.g.
℃) and cracks may occur due to temperature differences.
To prevent this, an appropriate amount of water is supplied.

In the conventional method, water was supplied from time to time by people using sprinklers or perforated pipes, which required large-scale equipment, but as shown in Fig. 7, the perforated mat 32 of the present invention
By using this, it is possible to easily and uniformly supply a predetermined amount of water over the entire surface. Furthermore, the amount of water sprayed can be easily controlled, and the installation and removal of equipment can be performed extremely easily.

In this way, although the structure is simple, it can be used as a means for reliably preventing cracks in cement.

FIG. 8 shows the case where the porous mat according to the present invention is used as means for draining underground water.

This groundwater drainage is performed to reduce or eliminate the groundwater pressure acting on retaining walls and buried tanks, and FIG. 8 shows the case of retaining wall protection.

In FIG. 8, a retaining wall 41 is constructed on the surface of a cliff, and a porous mat 42 according to the present invention is vertically buried in the ground behind the retaining wall 41 as shown.

In this case, the porous mat 42 used has a structure in which a header 4A is fixed to one end (lower end in FIG. 8) and each fluid passage 2 of the mat 1 is sealed without providing a header at the other end. .

There is a water pipe 43 in the underground heft 4A that leads to the outside under the cliff.
is connected.

In addition, in the case of this porous mat 42, there are many small holes 3 on both sides.
It is preferable to use a material formed with the following.

According to the configuration shown in FIG. 8, groundwater enters the fluid passage 2 in the mat 1 through the small holes 3, is collected in the header 4A, and is discharged to the outside through the water conduit 43. thus,
By draining the groundwater, the retaining wall 41 can be protected from groundwater pressure, and the possibility of collapse can be eliminated.

In the prior art, water was drained by installing pipes extending underground from the retaining wall 41 at desired locations, but with the use of the porous mat 42 of the present invention, groundwater can be drained uniformly from the entire surface area. Therefore, the effect of reliably draining groundwater can be obtained.

Although not shown, the effect of groundwater pressure can be reduced or eliminated using the same principle in the case of a buried tank, and in this case, a porous mat 42 is usually buried in a wall-like arrangement around the buried tank.

As is clear from the embodiments and usage examples described above,
According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a porous member (cloak) that can be used in various devices and equipment that supply and take out fluids such as water and air, and is therefore highly versatile.

In addition, since it is a relatively thin plate, it is easy to process, transport, and install.In particular, if it is made of a flexible material like rubber, it can be rolled into a roll, making it even easier to handle and construct on-site. It's easy.

In addition, in each of the usage examples shown in FIGS. 5 to 8, a porous mat having headers 4A and 4B at one end or both ends is shown, but this does not mean that the mat has acnotments that can supply fluid to or take it out from each fluid passage 2. By using header 4
A and 4B can be omitted, and furthermore, each fluid passage 2 can be used in a sealed state at one end of the mat 1, if necessary.

〔effect〕

As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a porous member for fluid circulation that has excellent versatility, is easy to process, transport, and construct, and is easy to handle.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing one embodiment of a porous mat according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged sectional view in the case where small holes are provided on one side, and Fig. 3 is a partially broken perspective view showing one embodiment of the porous mat according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing another embodiment of the porous mat according to the present invention, and FIGS. 5 to 8 are explanatory diagrams showing examples of use of the porous mat according to the present invention, respectively. . 1.--..--mat, 2-..--fluid passage, 3
...--Small hole, 4A, 4B...Header, 12
, 22, 32.42 - Porous mat. Agent Patent Attorney Yasushi Oto Grain cylinder Fig. 1 Fig. 2 Fig. 3 Fig. 4

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A porous mat formed by forming a plurality of parallel fluid passages penetrating from one end face to the other end face and a large number of small holes communicating with each of the fluid passages from one or both surfaces in a plate-shaped rubber or plastic plate. (2) The porous mat according to claim 1, wherein a header is provided at one end or both ends to communicate with each fluid passage.