JPS61200096A - Hydraulic driving device for diving boat - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To easily introduce a hydraulic driving device into a diving boat, by applying a depth pressure of the diving boat to a low-pressure line in a hydraulic circuit of the hydraulic driving device. CONSTITUTION:A hydraulic pump 10 and a hydraulic motor 7 are connected through an electromagnetic valve 14 by a high-pressure line 15 and a low- pressure line 16 in a hydraulic circuit 13. In a depth pressure compensating mechanism 18, a piston 20 is mounted in a cylinder 19 so as to be slidable by means of a spring 21. An inside chamber 22 defined by the piston 20 in the cylinder 19 is connected to the low-pressure line 16. An outside chamber 23 defined by the piston 20 is opened through a shell 1a of a hull to the outside. Thus, the sea water is introduced into the chamber 23, and accordingly, a depth pressure of the diving boat is applied through the piston 20 to the low-pressure line 16. As the depth pressure, that is, the pressure in the low-pressure line 16 is increased, generation of aeration may be prevented.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention mainly relates to improvement of a hydraulic drive device that is most suitable for being installed in a submersible that moves underwater, or an underwater robot.

(Prior Art) Conventional submarines and the like typically simply navigate underwater by combining vertical and horizontal rudders with a single propulsion device, for example.

However, in recent years, what are called submersibles or underwater robots have gradually come to be expected to have more advanced maneuverability underwater.

For this reason, due to the propulsion type structure, submersibles and underwater robots (underwater robots) equipped with multiple propulsors have improved maneuverability in the low speed range by adding one or two turning functions to the propulsors themselves.
A submersible (hereinafter referred to as a submersible) is also available.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) As mentioned above, in a propulsion device that has one or two turning functions added to the propulsion device itself, in order to reduce interference with the hull, it is necessary to A configuration in which the propeller is separated from the hull as much as possible is preferable, but if the propeller is separated from the hull in this way, the power transmission from the power source inside the hull to the propeller will not be possible using the normal mechanical method. In this case, various technical restrictions arise.

Therefore, this type of propulsion device is generally driven by a hydraulic drive or an electric drive system.

The above-mentioned hydraulic drive system has the advantage of being flexible in terms of power transmission and can also be used as a pressure medium for the water pressure compensation mechanism that is essential in deep areas, so it will be considered extremely useful for future submersibles. considered to be a thing.

However, equipment that uses conventional hydraulic drive systems usually requires a large oil storage tank in the low-pressure pipeline of the hydraulic circuit, and in the case of submersibles that dive to great depths, the tank itself is indispensable. It is also necessary to have a pressure-resistant container that can withstand that depth.

Furthermore, the existence of this oil sump tank has the disadvantage that it significantly impedes the economic efficiency of the entire submersible in terms of weight and installation space.

This invention has been made in consideration of the above points, and in this invention, the low pressure pipes in the hydraulic circuits included in the hydraulic drive device are made common, and depth pressure is applied to the low pressure pipes. As a result, it is possible to absorb the temperature expansion of the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic circuit, maintain the pump suction head, and prevent aeration.The oil sump tank can be omitted, eliminating the influence of the tank on the submersible, and reducing the impact on the submersible. It is an object of the present invention to provide a hydraulic drive device that makes it easy to introduce the hydraulic drive device into the system.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The gist of the present invention to achieve the above object is to make the low pressure pipes of the hydraulic circuits constituting a hydraulic drive device such as a propulsion unit common, and to A hydraulic drive device for a submersible boat is characterized in that a depth pressure compensating mechanism for applying depth pressure to a road is arranged and connected thereto.

(Example) Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a submersible vessel to which the present invention is applied.

In the figure, 1 is the hull of a submarine, etc., and this type of hull 1
In general, seawater exists both inside and outside the hull 1, and each device arranged inside the hull is almost directly subjected to water pressure based on the depth.

Reference numeral 2 denotes a propeller, and the illustrated example shows a configuration in which one propeller with screw set is installed at the stern for simplicity.

3 shows the entire thruster drive unit, its main components are:
Propeller shaft 4, shaft sealing device 5, reducer 6, hydraulic motor 7,
It consists of a propeller drive unit casing 8, etc.

When navigating at great depths, the shaft seal device 5 is usually a mechanical seal type, and the outside is in contact with seawater and the inside is in contact with oil, and the internal oil pressure is changed in response to changes in seawater pressure, so that both of them can be roughly maintained. By balancing, the shaft sealing function is perfected.

The hydraulic motor 7 is generally of the axial plunger type, which can achieve the highest pressure and reduce weight, and the rotation of the hydraulic motor 7 is slowed down in order to improve the propulsion efficiency of the propulsion device 2. It is decelerated by the aircraft 6 and transmitted to the propeller shaft 4.

The propeller drive unit casing 8 contains a set of drive devices for the propeller 2, and seawater pressure corresponding to the depth acts on this, so that the internal and external pressures are balanced.

Note that this propulsion drive unit casing 8 does not necessarily have to be constructed separately, and the hydraulic motor 7 and the speed reducer 6
The weight is reduced by integrating the casing of the
You can save space.

Reference numeral 9 indicates the entire power unit, and its main components include a hydraulic pump lO1 drive electric motor 11, a power unit casing 12, etc. In the illustrated example, the hydraulic pump 10 is of a constant discharge type.

Reference numeral 13 indicates a hydraulic circuit that supplies pressure oil from the hydraulic pump 10 to the hydraulic motor 7, and connects the hydraulic pump 10 and the hydraulic motor 7 through a high-pressure pipe 15 and a low-pressure pipe 16 with an electromagnetic switching valve 14 interposed therebetween. , a pressure regulating valve 17 is connected between the high pressure pipe 15 and the low pressure pipe 16.

As the electromagnetic switching valve 14, a 4-bottom, 3-position electromagnetic switching valve is used, and controls forward movement, backward movement, and stop +h of the propulsion device 2.

Further, an electromagnetic proportional pressure regulating valve is used as the pressure regulating valve 17, and functions to maintain the differential pressure between the high pressure pipe 15 and the low pressure pipe 16 at a required value.

However, in the hydraulic drive of the propulsion device 2, the hydraulic pressure is proportional to the torque or thrust of the propulsion device 2, and therefore, in this type of control, the thrust of the propulsion device 2 is controlled.

Note that the electromagnetic switching valve 14 and the pressure regulating valve 17 described above are activated by electric signals and are remotely controlled.

Next, 18 is a depth pressure compensation mechanism arranged and connected to the low pressure pipe 16 of the hydraulic circuit 13, and a piston 20 is slidably fitted into the cylinder 19 with a spring 21 interposed therebetween. The piston inner chamber 22 is connected to the low pressure pipe line 16, and the piston outer chamber 23 is opened to the outside through the hull outer plate 1a, and by introducing seawater into the piston outer chamber 23, depth pressure is caused to flow through the piston 20. It is configured to act on the low pressure pipe line 16.

A bellows 24 disposed between the piston 20 and the hull outer plate 18 in the piston outer chamber 23 partitions the seawater introduction chamber and prevents the piston 20 from becoming stuck due to intrusion of underwater products. and be equipped as necessary.

However, if the pressure in the low-pressure pipe 16 increases with the depth of the submersible, and if there is temperature expansion of oil in the hydraulic circuit 13, the piston 20 will be pushed toward the piston outer chamber 23 against the spring 21. This prevents the low pressure line 16 from becoming overpressured.

The spring pressure is set to maintain the pressure in the low-pressure pipe 16 to a certain extent when the submersible is near the water surface, and serves to maintain the suction head of the hydraulic pump 10 and prevent oil aeration. Do it like this.

(for production) The operation in the above configuration will be explained.

When the propulsion device 2 is driven, when the hydraulic pump 10 is rotated by the electric motor 11, the entire fixed amount of oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 10 is discharged to the high pressure pipe 15, and is transferred to the suction side of the hydraulic motor 7 via the switching valve 14. It is supplied and the cycle repeats.

Now, regarding the electromagnetic switching valve 14 and the pressure regulating valve 17, both are controlled as shown in FIG.

In the figure, the horizontal axis indicates the position of the control handle (not shown), and the vertical axis indicates the valve opening a of the electromagnetic switching valve 14 and the set differential pressure b of the pressure regulating valve 17, that is, the thrust of the propulsion device 2. .

Now, when the control handle is set slightly forward, the pressure oil initially discharged from the hydraulic pump lO is bypassed by the pressure regulating valve 17 and returns to the hydraulic pump 10, but since the differential pressure is set by the pressure regulating valve 17, the pressure A portion of the oil is supplied to the hydraulic motor 7 via the solenoid valve 14, and the hydraulic motor 7 starts rotating, and this rotation is transmitted to the propulsion device 2 via the reducer 6 and propeller shaft 4 to generate thrust. do.

Further, when the set differential pressure of the pressure regulating valve 17 is increased, the bypass amount of pressure oil from the pressure regulating valve 17 is decreased, the rotation of the propulsion device 2 is increased, and its thrust is increased.

On the other hand, when the depth of the submersible increases, the pressure in the low pressure pipe 16 increases due to the depth pressure compensation mechanism 18, but the pressure regulating valve 17 keeps the differential pressure between the high pressure pipe 15 and the low pressure pipe 16 constant. Therefore, the pressure in the high-pressure pipe 15 increases by that amount, and eventually,
The pressure in the entire circuit only increases by the depth, and the drive function itself operates without being affected.

Note that although water pressure is applied to the outside of each device according to the depth, similar hydraulic pressure is applied to the inside of each device, and the internal and external pressures are balanced, making it less susceptible to the effects of depth.

(Other Embodiments) FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a main part showing a modification of an example of arrangement and connection of a depth pressure compensation mechanism to a hydraulic circuit.

This example is for a case where a double eccentric variable discharge rate pump is used, in which the two pipes connected to the hydraulic pump are switched as high and low pipes when the propulsion unit moves forward and backward. In use, two check valves 25 are connected in series between two high-pressure pipes 15a connected to a hydraulic pump, and a low-pressure pipe 16a is connected from the connection point of both check valves 25.
A depth pressure compensation mechanism 18 is connected to the low pressure pipe 16a.

(Effects) As is clear from the above explanation, in this invention, the low-pressure pipes of the hydraulic circuits of hydraulic drive devices such as propulsors are shared, and a depth compensation pressure mechanism is installed to apply depth pressure to the pipes. Because they are connected, the pressure in the entire hydraulic circuit changes in proportion to the depth of the submersible, keeping the differential pressure between the high-pressure pipe and low-pressure pipe constant and not affecting the drive function. In addition to absorbing thermal expansion of the hydraulic pump, maintaining the suction head of the hydraulic pump and preventing aeration can be achieved by omitting the oil sump tank that is essential in conventional hydraulic circuits, making it possible to build submersibles. This makes it easy to introduce a hydraulic drive device and has a remarkable practical effect that contributes to making the device more compact.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a submersible using this invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a depth compensation pressure mechanism, and FIG. 3 is a switching valve and a pressure regulating valve. Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of a main part showing a modification of an example of arrangement and connection of a depth pressure compensation mechanism to a hydraulic circuit showing another embodiment. ■... Hull, 2... Propulsion unit, 3... Propulsion type drive unit, 4... Propeller shaft, 5... Shaft sealing device, 6...
...Reducer, 7. Hydraulic motor, 8. Propulsion drive unit casing, 9. Power unit, lO.
... Hydraulic pump, 11... Drive motor, 12... Power unit casing, 13... Hydraulic circuit, 14...
... Solenoid switching valve, 15... High pressure pipe line, 16... Low pressure pipe line, 17... Pressure regulating valve, 18... Depth pressure compensation mechanism,
19...Cylinder, 20...Piston, 21...
Spring, 22... Piston inner chamber, 23... Piston outer chamber, 24... Bellows, 25... Check valve.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A hydraulic drive system for a submersible, characterized in that low pressure pipes of hydraulic circuits constituting a hydraulic drive system such as a propulsion device are shared, and a depth pressure compensation mechanism for applying depth pressure to the low pressure pipes is arranged and connected. .