JPS61197684A - Prevention of coal shortage at coke side of coke oven - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent shortage of coal at the coke side in a coke oven and avoid damage to the coke oven, by inserting a leveller into a carbonizing chamger at a controlled speed when the carbonizing chamber is charged with raw material coal. CONSTITUTION:A carbonizing chamber of a coke oven is charged with raw material coal and a leveller 8 which can be moved forward and backward by a wire rope 14 under reciprocating revolution of a drum 12, is inserted into the carbonizing chamber through a levelling hole 9 for levelling of coal. Revolution of a motor 17 which rotates the drum 12 is controlled by signals sent from a control device 22. The leveller 8 is inserted from starting point A at a slowly increasing speed. The speed is reduced at point C away from the coke side 16 in the carbonizing chamber and the leveller is stopped at stopping point D just before the coke side 16. Thus, insufficient advance and overunning of the leveller 8 are controlled and shortage of coal near the coke side 16 is prevented.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a method for preventing charcoal running out on the coke side of a coke oven. More specifically, by controlling the insertion speed of the leveler when charging the raw material coal into the coke carbonization chamber, it is possible to eliminate the coal breakage that occurs on the coke side in the coke chamber, and to ensure that the raw material coal in the coke chamber is properly loaded. This relates to a method of ensuring the charging condition.

[Prior art] A coke oven has a structure in which a carbonization chamber for carbonizing coking coal is sandwiched between a combustion chamber, and a large number of such carbonization chambers and combustion chambers are arranged side by side alternately. It is formed. Carbonization is performed by burning fuel gas in a combustion chamber and supplying heat to raw coal charged in a carbonization chamber through a brick furnace wall. The charging of raw material coal into the carbonization chamber during carbonization of raw material coal in such a coke oven will be explained based on FIG. 3.

FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional explanatory view showing raw material coal being charged into a coke oven. Reference numeral 1 designates a carbonization chamber, which consists of a roughly rectangular parallelepiped space closed on both sides by furnace lids 2 and 2', into which raw coal 3 is charged. The raw material coal 3 is charged from a hopper 5 of a charging car 4 that runs on a rail above the furnace installed in the direction of the furnace bed of the coke oven, to a plurality of charging ports 6. 6. 7 is an extruder that runs on a rail installed on the side (machine side) of the carbonization chamber 1 along the direction of the furnace of the coke oven, and the leveler 8 provided in the extruder 7 is It horizontally enters the coking chamber 1 through the leveling port 9 located at the top of the furnace 1t2'', which is opened only when charging and leveling the raw material coal from the charging car 4, and moves forward and backward repeatedly. Then, the top surface of the raw material coal 3 charged into the carbonization chamber 1 and undulating at each charging port 6 is leveled.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The leveler 8 has a rear portion 10 connected to a wire row 114 that is stretched endlessly through a pulley 11, a drum 12, and a pulley 13.

By rotating the drum 12 forward and backward using the driving force of an electric motor (not shown), the leveling leveler 8 is pulled by the wire row 114 and moves forward and backward. However, the leveling leveler 8 itself has a considerable weight. There is also a large inertia force due to forward and backward movement.

Therefore, when the leveler 8 moves forward into the carbonization chamber 1,
Taking into account that inertial force, the cutting edge part 15 of the leveler 8 is
However, the rotation of the drum 12 is braked before reaching the coke side 16 in the carbonization chamber 1.

However, the top surface of the charged coal 3 in the coking chamber 1 has undulations and changes for each charging port 6.6 from the start to the end of charging, and as a result, the top surface of the charged coal 3 changes during the advance. The resistance that the leveler 8 receives also changes.

Therefore, due to this change, the forward movement distance of the leveler 8 due to inertia after the drive of the drum 12 is stopped is not constant. In other words, the stopping position of the leading edge portion 15 of the leveler 8 is not constant. Therefore, to ensure safety, the tip end 15 of the leveler 8 reaches the position closest to the coke side 16 in the coking chamber 1 by inertia force, and the drum 12 The drive is now stopped. The detection is performed when a kicking metal fitting (not shown) provided at the rear of the leveling leveler 8 comes into contact with a limit switch (not shown) provided in the extruder 7.

With this structure, the greater the leveling resistance of the top surface of the charged raw material coal 3 that the leveler 8 receives, the more the forward inertia of the leveler 8 is canceled, and the most A section 15 is a coke side 1 in the carbonization chamber 1.
6, it will stop at a position quite far away.

As a result, for example, as shown in the partially enlarged cross-sectional view of FIG.
(Dead space) This causes so-called coal shortage, and this area is not filled with raw material coal. The volume of this space Y usually occupies 5 to 6% of the volume of the coking chamber 1, which not only reduces coke productivity, but also air-heats the upper part of the furnace lid 2, causing distortion, and causing air leakage from the furnace lid. It also causes gas leaks.

[Means for solving the problem] The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems in the conventional method,
This system effectively utilizes the volume of the coke oven to increase coke production efficiency and extend the useful life of the furnace lid. , a method for preventing charcoal breakage seen on the coke side of a coke oven, characterized by inserting a leveler into a coking chamber while controlling the speed.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail based on FIGS. 1 and 2. Note that the explanation will be made with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4 as necessary.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a mechanism for carrying out the method of the present invention. As mentioned above, the rear part 1 of the leveler 8
0 is connected to a wire rope 14 that is stretched endlessly through a pulley 11, a drum 12, and a pulley 13, and the wire rope 14 is tightly wound around the drum 12 several times, so that the drum 12 rotates in the forward direction (clockwise), the leveler 8 is pulled by the moving wire loaf 14 and advances toward the left in FIG. 1, that is, toward the carbonization chamber 1. , hearth 2
It enters into the carbonization chamber 1 through the leveling port 9 provided at the top of the chamber 1 to level the top surface of the raw material coal being charged. Also, drum 12
When the leveler 8 rotates in the opposite direction, the leveler 8 retreats and is pulled back out of the carbonization chamber. The forward movement of the leveler 8 like this,
Retreating is repeated a predetermined number of times during charging of raw coal 3 to perform a leveling operation.

The rotation of the drum 12 drives the rotation of the electric motor 17.
This is carried out by a device consisting of the same motor and the variable rotation speed joint 18, but in more detail, the variable rotation speed joint 1
The rotational drive of the electric motor 17 is transmitted to the drum 12 via the drive device 19 through the worm gear 20 provided at the tip of the rotating shaft of the motor 8 and the flat gear 21 fixedly attached to the side of the drum 12. It will be done.

22 controls the drive device 19 for its operation, speed increase, deceleration,
This is a control device that issues instruction signals such as stop, etc., and the drive device 19 is controlled by the signals from the control device 22 and performs a desired function.

In FIG. 1, a dotted line a indicates an input signal to the control device 22 to start the leveling operation. This input signal a may be generated manually by the operator (for example, by pressing a button on the operation panel inside the extruder), or automatically, for example, by
The control device 22 detects the opening operation of a small lid (not shown) that normally closes the leveling port 9 of the furnace lid 2' and sends a signal, and uses this signal as the leveling operation start signal a. You may also enter

Next, the control device 22 that received the leveling operation start signal a
A signal @b is sent to the electric motor 17 to operate it, and a signal d is sent to the variable rotation speed joint 18 to transmit the driving force of the electric motor 17 to the drum with maximum efficiency. Upon receiving the signal, the electric motor 17 starts driving, and the variable rotational speed joint 1B transfers its driving force to the worm gear 20 and flat gear 2 with an efficiency of 100%.
1 to rotate the drum 12 in the forward direction. Therefore, the drum 12 starts rotating while gradually increasing the rotational speed, and eventually maintains a constant rotational speed. still,
The variable rotational speed joint 18 is generally referred to as a fluid coupling, and by controlling the pressure of oil filled in the joint 18, the driving rotational speed of the electric motor 17 can be adjusted to an arbitrary value. Although it is a device that transmits a value, it is not limited to a fluid coupling as long as it has a similar control function.

As described above, upon input of the leveling operation start signal a, the drum 12 maintains a constant rotational speed after a period of increasing rotational speed, so the wire row 114 also moves in the direction of the arrow according to this rotation. , leveler 8
enters the carbonization chamber 1 at a constant speed. In this case, the rotation speed of the U7t-Mugya 20 is detected and the detection signal is always transmitted to the control device 22, so that the control device 22 that receives this detects the rotation speed set in advance. When the value is reached, that is, when the tip end 15 of the leveler 8 reaches a predetermined position in the carbonization chamber 1, it is sensed, the signal C is changed into a deceleration signal, and the rotation speed variable joint is activated. Send a call on 18. The variable rotational speed joint 18 that receives the deceleration signal C gradually lowers the oil pressure in the joint 18 at a preset rate and lowers the rotational speed of the worm gear 20, so that the leveler 8 moves forward accordingly. The speed also gradually decreases. Therefore, in this deceleration operation, the tip end portion 15 of the leveler 8
It is assumed that the speed is set to zero immediately before the start.

Also, the worm gear 20 after the deceleration signal C is issued.
The rotational speed of
2, and the control device that received the signal,
The number is counted and a predetermined value is determined, that is, the worm gear 2 immediately before the leading edge 15 of the leveler 8 reaches the coke side 16 in the carbonization chamber 1.
When the rotational speed reaches 0, the control device 22 issues a signal b to the electric motor 17 to reverse the rotational direction.

The electric motor 17 that receives this signal b starts to rotate in reverse, and the leveler 8 that is interlocked therewith starts to move backward, returns to its original position, and stops.

The forward and backward operations of the leveling leveler 8 as described above are repeated a preset number of times, and the leveling operation is completed.

As described above, regarding the drive device 19 that controls the speed at which the leveler 8 is inserted into the carbonization chamber 1, an example in which the drive speed is controlled by the variable rotation speed joint 18 has been described in detail, but the invention is not limited to this. Of course, any mechanism may be used as long as the drive speed can be controlled.

Another example of a drive device is a so-called thyristor motor that controls the rotational speed of the electric motor itself to a desired rotational speed by chopping the primary voltage of the electric motor. When this is used as the drive device of the present invention, the rotation speed of the motor is directly adjusted to a desired value by receiving a predetermined signal from the control device 22 without using the variable rotation speed joint 18 as described above. The advantage is that it can be done.

Figure 2 shows the movement of the leveling leveler when the speed of the leveling leveler 8 is controlled when it is inserted into the carbonization chamber by the method of the present invention, and when the conventional method does not control the insertion speed of the leveling leveler 8. FIG.

In the figure, the vertical axis represents the insertion speed (+) and retraction speed (=) of the leveler 8, and the horizontal axis represents the gap between the coke side (C/S) and extrusion side (M/S) of the carbonization chamber 1. represents the distance,
The dotted line represents the locus of movement of the leading edge 15 of the leveler 8. 16 represents the same meaning as in FIGS. 1 and 2 above. Further, FIG. 2(a) shows the movement of the leveling leveler 8 in the conventional method, and FIG. 2(b) shows the movement of the leveler 8 in the method of the present invention.

Before explaining the method of the present invention, first let's talk about the conventional method.The cutting edge part 15 of the leveler 8 starts from point A, gradually increases the insertion speed, reaches point B, and then continues at a constant speed. It is released from the drive restraint by the drive device 19 at a point C away from the coke side 16 in the coking chamber 1, moves forward by inertia while being decelerated by the resistance of the raw coal 3, and stops at point D.

Therefore, the reason why the leveling leveler 8 is released from the drive device 19 at point 0 is to release the raw coal 3 in the coking chamber 1 relative to the leveling leveler 8, as described in the explanation section of the prior art. If the resistance is uneven and the 0 point is set close to the coke side or 16, the stopper will repeatedly collide with the stopper each time it moves forward, eventually leading to its breakage. This is because there is a risk that the tip 8 may overrun and the leading edge 15 may collide with the furnace lid 2 on the coke side. On the other hand, if the resistance to the leveler 8 is particularly large, as shown in FIG.
5 stops, and a sufficient leveling operation cannot be achieved.As a result, in the conventional method, a dead space Y is generated, reducing productivity, and the upper part of the furnace lid 2 is suddenly distorted. Invite
It also causes gas leaks.

On the other hand, in the method of the present invention, the leveler 8 starts from point A, gradually increases the insertion speed, reaches point B, and then advances at a constant speed inside the coke chamber 1 to remove the coke in the coke chamber T. When it reaches the 0 point away from the side, it is constrained by the deceleration control by the drive device 19, and while decelerating, it reaches the stop point just before the coke side 16 and stops. In other words, since it is restrained by the drive device 19 until it comes to a stop, there is no variation in the forward distance such as insufficient forward movement or overrun, as in the conventional method, and the
The leading edge 15 of the leveler 8 reaches just before the coke side 16. Therefore, it is possible to completely prevent coal breakage that occurs due to the formation of a blind space near the coke side 16 in the coking chamber 1 as in the conventional method. In addition, leveler 8
The trajectory E-F→A of the leading edge part 15 when retracting is,
The method of the present invention and the conventional method are almost the same.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, the present invention solves the problem of coal breakage that occurs on the coke side when charging raw coal into a coke oven by controlling the insertion speed of the leveler. As a result, it has the effect of improving coke productivity and preventing sudden damage to the furnace cover, and has great industrial utility value.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an example of a leveling leveler operating mechanism for carrying out the method of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the movement of the leveling leveler in the method of the present invention and the conventional method, and FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a part of FIG. 3. 1... Carbonization chamber 2.2'... Furnace lid 3...
Raw material coal 4... Coal loading car 5... Hopper
6...Charging lower...Extruder 8...
Leveler 9... Leveling port 15... Leveler tip end 16... Carbonization chamber coke side 22... Control device

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. When charging coking coal into the carbonization chamber of a coke oven,
A method for preventing coal breakage occurring on the coke side of a coke oven, characterized by inserting a leveler into a carbonization chamber while controlling the speed. 2. The method for preventing coal breakage on the coke side of a coke oven according to claim 1, wherein the insertion speed of the leveler is controlled by drive control of a drive device equipped with a thyristor motor. 3. A method for preventing coal running out on the coke side of a coke oven according to claim 1, wherein the insertion speed of the leveler is controlled by drive control of a drive device equipped with a fluid coupling.