JPS61195631A - Water purifying apparatus of system for producing fishes andshellfishes - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to the breeding of fish and shellfish, in particular, a production system for fish and shellfish,
Regarding water purification devices for aquariums and ponds.

Conventional technology seafood gE, water purification device in the isthmus system, filter,
Combinations of settlers, pumps, water supply and recovery piping are known. Contaminated water from the fish container is sent to a settler, from where it is fed by a pump to a filter,
(see US Pat. No. 3,661,119).

This device only reduces the amount of impurities contained in small baths.
The degree of contamination of resolution's trade does not actually decrease. As a result, soluble contaminants accumulate in the recirculating water and have a detrimental effect on the growth and health of the fish and shellfish, thereby completely damaging the yield of the system.

French Patent No. 2342025 (International Classification A01 f (
62i 00 ) includes aquatic animals, such as seafood.
A water purification device for a water cultivation system is disclosed that includes a first stage settler, an aeration tank, a second stage settler, a pump, a conveyor, and water inlet and outlet piping. After sedimentation separation in the first stage settler, the contaminated water undergoes biological t4h conversion with activated sludge in an aeration tank supplied with air. Activated sludge is separated from the purified water in the second blowdown vessel and returned to the d vessel.

Meanwhile, the activated sludge is returned to the aeration tank to maintain the biological filter. A colleague's device in which an aeration tank was added to the denitrification zone with suspended sludge was published in British Patent No. 14852.
Known for 54.

However, all the above-mentioned devices do not have sufficient water purification efficiency, and the evolution of biological processes is low and, as a result, the body time of the water purification device is considerably reduced due to the low degree of microorganisms in the free suspended sludge. It becomes a thing. VC because the impurity fraction of water supplied for purification is relatively low.
The sludge produced in the first aeration tank has a low sedimentation separation capacity, which results in insufficient separation in the second stage settler and when it is flushed into the purified water stream.

West German Patent No. 2,638,665 discloses a water purification device for a fish and shellfish extraction system, in which a biological filter equipped with a filtration medium, a settler, a pump and respective piping supply water to be purified;
Disclosed are pipe networks for recovering purified water and removing sludge. The filtration material of the biological filter is a circular disk supported on a rotatable shaft. In this device, water is subjected to LA in a biological filter in the form of a disc, subjected to physical purification in a precipitator, and organic contaminants are removed from the surface of the disc in a biological sieve. Supported by (
Oj! Oxidized under 1# of living organisms. Because the biological needle is fixed to the filter medium, its 11112 can be raised, so that the throughput of the device can be increased compared to an aeration tank.

A disadvantage of the apparatus described below is that it does not completely purify water from nitrates, nitrates, carbonates, floating and soluble contaminants that are harmful to seafood.

Furthermore, if the rotation of the biological filter should be interrupted, the biological needles may die. It is troublesome to manufacture the zero-disk type biological filter, and the volume utilization rate of the device housing equipment is insufficient. Problems to be Solved by the Invention The purpose of the present invention is to efficiently purify contaminated water from floating and soluble compounds in a water purification device of a seafood production system. The processing needle of the device is able to provide a commercial product.

Means for Solving the Problem The first objective is achieved in the water purification device for the fish and shellfish farming system described below. The water purification system consists of a biological filter that uses a thin film filter, a settling tank, a pump, and a piping network that supplies water to be purified, collects purified water, and removes sludge. and having communication between the components and the seafood production system, and according to the invention further includes a mixing tank provided with a filtration material, the tank being a biological filter. It is located upstream and in communication with a settling tank, which houses a floating filter made of granular polymeric material, and a biological filter whose lower part is buried in the settling tank, υ, 1.
It is arranged vertically and has an open bottom to communicate with the internal space of the sedimentation tank.

Advantageously, the height of the part of the biological filter that is submerged in the settling tank is at least 173 to 1/2 of the total height of the biological filter.

The mixing tank in the disclosed device mixes Pi (direct conditioning agent) into the contaminated water flowing out from the seafood production container and attempts to separate suspended solids from it, thereby changing the overall structure of the device. simplification and reduction in size; supply of filter media in the mixing tank quickly separates most of the insoluble impurities from the water, and maintains a steady flow of water to the biological filter; The workload on the equipment can be reduced, resulting in increased operating efficiency.

Since the mixing tank is in communication with the settling tank, it is possible to obtain the initial water that is sent to the mixing tank to remove the necessary carbon-containing impurities, which are essential for the optimization of the denitrification process.

Surface area with high properties (150-200m27m3)
By using a biological filter equipped with a membrane type or surface filter medium having a filtration medium, the active biomass supported by p1 can be kept high, and as a result, the amount of biomass supported by p1 can be kept high. It is possible to increase the progress of llJ overgrowth and improve water purification efficiency. Advantageously, because the membrane filter media is placed vertically, a vertical flow of treated water occurs, purifying the filter media from excess and dead biomass.

Since a part of the biological filter is buried in the sedimentation tank, the surface of the filter material in the buried part of the biological filter is oxidized to nitrite and nitrate, where nitrogen in ammonium is oxidized and converted to nitrite and nitrate. Develop the amount of raw vIJ that performs @.

Since the buried part of the biological filter communicates with the internal space of the settling tank via the open bottom, an improved filtering condition for the separation of excess and dead biomass is achieved in the settling tank. and by filtration of water through a floating filter made of particulate polymeric material.

The above-mentioned ratio of the height of the buried part of the biological filter to the total height is determined by the difference in degree a of the respective oxidation processes occurring in the biological filter.

a particulate polymeric material is housed outside the buried portion of the biological filter;
Advantageously, its thickness is smaller than the height of the buried part of the biological filter. This increases the efficiency of purification from suspended solids, simplifies and improves the regeneration of filter media, and makes water distribution easier throughout the cross-sectional area of settling tanks and biological filters. .

In an embodiment of the invention, the settling tank houses a denitrifier therein, the denitrifying device having a thin film-like filter medium and having an open bottom to separate the internal space of the settling tank and the biological filter. It communicates with the buried part and its top communicates with the mixing tank.

Since the denitrifier is placed outside the buried area, the control conditions for the water purification process from nitrates and nitrates in the denitrifier can be optimized due to the low concentration of dissolved oxygen. As a result, process progress and efficiency are enhanced.

In addition, the volumetric efficiency is increased as well, the uniformity of water distribution into the denitrifier is maintained at t4, and the problem of recovery and removal of excess biomass is solved.

The top of the denitrifier is in communication with the mixing tank, which prevents unsalted water from flowing into the seafood saliva container when the water is returned from the denitrifier for purification, and In the denitrifier the original water is partially purified from already oxidized impurities.

It is practical to provide a biological filter with rotatable air and water distributors located at the top and bottom of the filter media, respectively, so that one part of the buried portion of the biological filter is The volume can be used more effectively by water distribution and aeration. This prevents the formation of wasted or inactive areas in the biological filter and enhances the process of water purification from organic and ammonia compounds. clogging of the filter media is prevented.

Conveniently, a rotatable sludge collector is housed within the settler adjacent to its bottom. In this way, the settling sludge can be collected regularly, the dead volume of the settler can be reduced, and the sediment from biological filters, settlers and denitrifiers can be collected. Since only one and the same collector is housed, the occurrence of secondary contamination of water by decomposition products of the sediment can be prevented.

It is practical to mount the rotatable water and air distributor and the sludge collector coaxially within the device (12°), which simplifies the construction of these components; The energy invested in these operations can be reduced.

The filtration material in the mixing tank may include a calcium-containing material, or may be cedar with either a sloped partition or a granular polymeric material. This allows the agent to be mixed into the water while retaining the primary function of the mixing tank, maintains stable water purification from suspended impurities in the same volume, reduces the workload of the biological filter, and at the same time The operating efficiency and throughput of the target filter can be increased.

The thin film filtration side of the biological filter and denitrifier is in the form of a vertically extending membrane of a polymeric thin film, and the spacing between the rows of membranes in the denitrifier is larger than that in the biological filter. It is advantageous to prevent clogging of the filter medium provided with the biological thin film in this manner.

EXAMPLE The present invention will be further described in connection with an example of a water purification device for a seafood production system with reference to the accompanying drawings.

A water purification device for a seafood production system includes a biological filter 1 (first
), a mixing tank 5 with a filter medium 6, a pump 7, a piping network 8.9.10 in which the respective piping supplies the water to be purified, collects the purified water and removes sludge, and meters the drug. The mixing tank 5 is located upstream of the biological filter 1, and the fish and shellfish production vessels (numbered and pointed out) include a device 11 (Fig. ) and is connected to settling tank 3.

The biological filter 1 is placed upright in the sedimentation tank, and the cedar in the top view is square or circular, and its bottom is open and communicates with the internal space of the sedimentation tank 3.

The biological filters 10 and 2 are made of vertical membranes, preferably corrugated polymeric thin membranes, or filter membranes.

Filtration [2'! ! The il-constituting membranes may be grouped together in cases placed on top of each other with the valley cases having vertical passages through them.

The height of the buried part of the biological filter 1 in the sedimentation tank 3 is 1/3 to 1/2 or more of the total height of the biological filter, and depends on the progress of oxidation filtering that occurs in the biological filter 1. It is determined.

The settling tank 3 has a cross-sectional shape corresponding to that of the biological filter 1, and a floating filter 4 made of particulate polymeric material, e.g. expanded polystyrene, serves for secondary purification of the water from residual suspended solids and excess biological wrinkles. For this reason, it is arranged outside the buried part of the biological filter l around the settling tank 3. The thickness of the floating filter 4 does not reach the height of the buried part of the biological filter 1, so that during washing of the filter medium 4 with running water, the structural elements of the filter 4 enter the biological filter 1 and its opening. Access through the bottom is prevented and an air supply pipe 12 is provided for flushing with running water.

In the embodiment illustrated by FIG. 1, the mixing tank 5 has a filtration medium 6 composed of calclum-containing @#+ (marble, dolomite, white mould), decomposed by the neutralization of carbonic acid and the released ammonia. partial reduction of ammonium ion to ammonium hydroxide. The mixing tank 5 has a hinged bottom 13.

In the embodiment illustrated by FIG. 2, the mixing tank 5 is in communication with a metering feeder 11 which introduces a pH adjusting agent into the mixing tank 5 and is equipped with a filter medium 6 for separating suspended solids from the water. have. In this way, when the device is incorporated into a breeding system for rearing young fish, the filter medium 6 of the mixing tank 5 comprises a corrosion-resistant slant or a polymeric material. This type of filter media is easily poured for the removal of settled particles.

When this device is incorporated into a continuous breeding and growing system for highly marketable fish and shellfish, the filter material 6 of the mixing tank 5
(FIG. 1), it is preferable to use either a granular polymeric material or a calcium-containing material, but in this case, the filter material is periodically recycled in the water distribution step a.

A pipe 14 connects the top of the biological filter 2 with the mixing tank 5 and terminates in a rotating water distributor 15 for uniformly watering the membrane filter medium of the biological filter 1.

A tray 16 for collecting purified water is arranged around the top of the settling tank 3 and pours the purified water into the collection pipe 9. The bottom of the settling tank 3 is connected to the mixing tank 5 via a perforated pipe 17 inside the settling tank 3, providing partial recirculation of the water in the apparatus.

A fan 18 is included to aerate the sprinkler section of the biological filter and remove carbon dioxide and ammonia from the device.

In order to prevent the occurrence of clogging of the filter media of the biological filter 1, the device of the embodiment illustrated in FIG. Incorporating the air distributor 19 and the air supply piping 20,
Piping 10 for removing sediment at the bottom of the settling tank 3
and a rotatable silt collector 21 are arranged.

The water distributor 15, the air distributor 19 and the silt collector 21 can be operated by any suitable drive device (not shown) known per se.
Or a common one installed for rotation due to the reaction of the water jet from the water jet nozzle of the water distributor 15! 11122
Preferably, it is pivotally supported.

In order to purify the water from nitrates produced by increasing the density of the seafood in the seafood production vessel, the settling tank 3 of the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2 is equipped with a biological filter l.
It houses a chamber remover 23 equipped with a thin film filter material similar to the thin film filter material of , and communicates with the internal space of the sedimentation tank 3 and the buried part of the biological filter 1 through the open bottom. .

The top of the denitrifier 23 is connected to the mixing tank 5 via piping 24, and water that has been subjected to denitrification is injected to purify residual contaminants and gaseous substances due to the denitrifying action. Remove product.

The spacing between the membranes of the filtration material of the chamber escaper 23 is larger than that of the biological filter 1 to prevent the chamber escaper 23 from clogging due to silt.

Operation The operation of the device of the embodiment illustrated by FIG. 1 is as follows.

Contaminated water from the associated seafood production vessel or tank (not numbered and indicated) enters the mixing tank 5 via piping 8, where it comes into contact with a filter medium 6 consisting of a calcium-containing material. The carbonic acid is neutralized and ammonium ions are partially reduced to ammonium hydroxide. The pump 7 injects water into the top of the biological filter 1 via a pipe 14, and the water distributor 15 sprinkles water on its surface. While trickling down the surface of the membrane filter medium 2 of the biological filter 1, the water comes into contact with the air flow directed by the fan 18, which removes residual diacid and ammonia from the water. At the same time, soluble iron salts are oxidized by air. Aerobic organisms immobilized on the surface of the thin film filter medium 2 are cultured, and they oxidize residual ammonium salts to nitrite and nitrate, converting the water into biochemical contaminants. The purification process of this water is enhanced by the air supply to the biological filter 1.The water then enters the buried part of the biological filter 1, where each part of the filter media 2 Due to the action of anaerobic microorganisms immobilized on the water, a dehydration process occurs, in which nitrite and nitrate are reduced to nitrogen in the separated atomic state and eliminated from the water.

Further water enters the settling tank 3 and is filtered in an upward flow through the floating filter 4. Suspended solids brought about by the original water flow in the settling tank and filter 4, the slag washed off from the filter media 2 of the biological filter 1, and iron hydroxide formed by oxidation in the biological filter. The amount of spears contained in water is reduced. Purified water is in tray 1
6, and returned to the seafood production container while undergoing aeration and disinfection along the way.

The sludge is periodically removed from the settling tank 3 via piping 10 and used as organic fertilizer or as a basis for hydroponically grown plants.

The filter 4 is cleaned by flushing water with air supplied through the air pipe 12f.

In order to ensure further purification of the recirculated water, a portion of the recirculated water is injected into the mixing tank 5 via the vibrator 17 after purification in the biological filter 1 and is initially added to the top of the biological filter 1. Another +i will be sent along with the water. Meanwhile, the carbon-containing organic pollutants carried by the water enter the biological filter 1, which acts as a denitrifier, enhancing the decomposition of nitrite and nitrate tb'. The denitrification process also involves the P E
The P Hli is maintained in the range of P H7.0-8.2 where the progress of denitrification is maximized (due to contact of water with the calcium-containing filter medium 6).

The spent calcium-containing filter media 6 is replaced by being removed from the mixing tank 5 via the hinged section 13.

The operation of the apparatus of the embodiment illustrated by FIG. The water flows into the mixing tank 5 through the mixing tank 5.

Here, the suspended solids quickly settle out due to the sedimentation process in the thin layer of water between the partition walls of the filter medium 6.

Whenever required, the pH of the water is directly introduced into the mixing tank 5 from the metering device 11, so that the pH of the water reaches 6.
．． 5-7.5, metering and dispensing is automatically started. The water is then pumped to the top of the biological filter 1 by the pump 7 and evenly distributed over the surface of the filter media 2 by the rotary distributor 15. When the water comes into contact with the microorganisms supported on the filter medium 2 of the biological filter 1, organic pollutants are oxidized and ammonium compounds are also oxidized. The water then enters the buried part of the biological filter 1 where it is further purified and the oxidation of ammonium salts to nitrates is completed. The air required for this process is supplied via the pipe 20 and the distributor 19, which is rotated by the cap 22 and aerates the entire volume of the biological filter 1. To purify the water from nitrates, a portion of the water is sent from the buried part of the biological filter 1 to the denitrifier 23, where the action of anaerobic microorganisms supported by the filter medium converts the nitrates into free nitrogen. is returned,
The nitrogen is then excreted. The carbon-containing compounds required for the denitrifier N are added to the denitrifier 23 by means of a stream of contaminated water from the mixing tank 5 via the pipe 17. Denitrifier 2
3, the water enters the mixing tank 5 via pipe 24 and is sent for further purification along with the general flow of contaminated water. The flow rate of water into the denitrifier 23, the oil quality time, and the required oxygen efficiency are controlled by gate valves (not labeled with a symbol) in the corresponding pipes 17 and 24.

The recirculated water purified in the biological filter 1 is treated with residual suspended solids and excess biosensitivity washed away from the filter medium 2 of the biological filter 1 in a settling tank 3 and a floating blemish filter 4; The water is returned to the seafood production vessel via a pipe 9 through an extinguishing barrel (not shown) and an aeration device. The sediment is collected by a rotating silt collector 21 and discharged via pipe 10'f:.

Effects of the Invention The purification efficiency of recirculated water in this device is approximately 15-15% in terms of ammonium-containing nitrogen, organic contaminants, and nitrites.
20%, and 40-50% in terms of nitrates, compared to prior art devices and all of the hitherto known efficient recirculating water purification devices for fish production tanks. Historically, the enhancement of the purification process and the elimination of dead areas increases the efficiency of the device by 30%, while reducing the volume of the enclosure required to accommodate device i1.

By using the disclosed equipment, the yield of fish and shellfish production can be increased by improving the quality of purification, and the construction and operation costs of 10,000 tP water equipment can be reduced.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 briefly explains the Isui equipment of the main wave system for fish and shellfish, which is an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a water purification device for a seafood production system incorporating a denitrifier according to the present invention. 1: Biological filter 2: Filter medium 3: Sedimentation tank 4:
Floating filter 5: Mixing tank 6: Filter material 7: Pump
8.9.10: Piping network in which each pipe supplies water to be purified, collects purified water, and removes sludge 11: # supply device 12: Air supply piping 13:
Hinge-type moving part 14: Piping 15: Water distributor 16: Tray 17: Pipe 18: Fan 19: Air distributor 20: Air supply distribution v 21: Sludge harvester 22: Cap 23: Denitrifier 24: Piping Patent applicant representative Patent attorney Fumio Sato (and 1 other person) (c)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Biological filter (1) equipped with a thin film filter material (2)
), settling tank (3) Pump (7) and its respective piping network (8, 9, 10) for supplying the water to be purified, collecting the purified water and removing sludge, as well as the mutual interaction of the components. In a water purification system for a seafood production system that has communication between the
) with a mixing tank (5) located upstream of the biological filter (1) and with a settling tank (
3), which settling tank houses a floating filter (4) made of granular polymeric material and also a biological filter (1).
A water purification device characterized in that its lower part is buried in a sedimentation tank (3), and is placed upright and has an open bottom to communicate with the internal space of the sedimentation tank (3). 2. The height of the part of the biological filter (1) buried in the sedimentation tank (3) is 1/3 of the total height of the biological filter (1).
2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the amount is from 1/2 to 1/2 or more. 3. The granular polymeric material of the floating filter (4) is transferred to the biological filter (1).
2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is housed outside the buried part of the biological filter, the thickness of which does not extend to the height of this buried part of the biological filter. 4. A denitrifier (23) equipped with a thin film filter material and having an open bottom and communicating with the internal space of the sedimentation tank (3) and the buried part of the biological filter (1) is housed in the sedimentation tank. The upper part of the denitrifier (23) is connected to the mixing tank (5).
).
Section equipment. 5. The biological filter (1) is equipped with rotatable air and water distributors, which are respectively arranged at the upper and lower parts of the filter medium (2) of the biological filter (1). 2. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that: 6. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the settling tank (3) accommodates a rotatable sludge collector (21) adjacent to the bottom. 7. Rotatable air and water distributor, sludge collector (21
7. A device according to claim 5, characterized in that the two (2) are pivoted on the same shaft (22). 8. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the filter medium (6) of the mixing tank (5) comprises a calcium-containing material. 9. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the filter medium (6) of the mixing tank (5) comprises an inclined partition. 10. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the filter medium (6) of the mixing tank (5) comprises a granular polymeric material. 11. The thin film filtration media (2) of the biological filter (1) and the denitrifier (23) include membranes of a vertically extending polymeric thin film, and the spacing between the rows of membranes in the denitrifier (23) is Target filter (1
5. The device according to claim 1, wherein the device has a relatively large diameter.