JPS61193205A - Numerical controller - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To attain manually the oblique cutting, arc cutting and other processes as well as the discontinuation of tool operations, by securing the shift of a tool also with a feed speed pulse given from a manual pulse generating means. CONSTITUTION:A tool 3 is stopped at a place near a point (a) and a changeover switch 19 is changed to the manual operation mode. Under such conditions, a manual switch 20 of a manual pulse generator 17 is changed to a coupled feed mode and a handle is turned for output of a feed speed pulse HP. This pulse HP is supplied to a microcomputer 10 and also to an axis control unit 12 in the form of a feed speed pulse FP2 via a switch circuit 18. As a result, the minimum unit position is set to an interpolator of the unit 12 from the computer 10 for each output of the pulse HP. Then the feed pulses are supplied to each axis drive unit 13 from the unit 12 in response to the pulse FP2. thus the tool 3 is shifted by the minimum unit amount.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention provides a method for controlling a tool along a preprogrammed tool trajectory.
The present invention relates to a numerical control device for operating a machine, and in particular to a numerical control device capable of accurately checking a trajectory by manually controlling the feed rate during automatic operation.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, there is an override function as a function for changing the feed rate of a machine during automatic operation. By changing the changeover switch, the programmed feed rate can be adjusted from 0 to 200%, usually in 10% increments.
It is possible to change the degree.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] By the way, in this type of device, since a changeover switch is used, it is not possible to have a large number of change stages, and furthermore, it is difficult to control the feed rate by the ratio to the programmed feed rate. Therefore, there was a problem that it was not possible to maintain a constant feed rate.

Further, even if the override setting is set to the lowest value, the feed rate is too fast to confirm the value on the display device, and there is a problem that the accurate position cannot be read from the display. For example, if the programmed feed rate is 1200 mm/mi
When n, even if the speed is reduced to 10%, the speed is 120mm/
It moves at a speed of 2mm per second, so when the minimum unit of movement is 0.01mm, it takes only 5m5ecL to move the minimum unit, and the accurate position can be determined visually from the value on the position display device. It was impossible to do so.

Furthermore, with conventional numerical control devices, diagonal cutting and circular arc cutting cannot be performed manually. Therefore, when performing such machining, if there is a slight dimensional deviation for each workpiece, the tool should be stopped before and after the position of the dimensional deviation, measure the dimensions of that part of the workpiece, and then move the tool. I had to re-enter the measured values into the program. In this case, it is almost impossible to stop the tool at the target position, and it is extremely complicated because it requires measurement, re-manpower, and debugging of input values.

This example will be explained with reference to FIG. In this figure, a groove is carved with an end mill from point O to C on work l, and there are bosses (protrusions) 2 along the way.
Assume that the position of the boss 2 is slightly different for each work. When carving a groove avoiding boss 2, conventionally, the distance from point O to point a in Fig. 2 was measured for each workpiece, and
The program was divided into blocks as shown below, and cutting was performed for each block.

(1) Cut points 0 to a.

(2) Raise the tool 3 higher than the boss 2 to release the boss 2.

(3) In this state, move from point 8 to point 8.

(4) Lower tool 3 until it lights up.

(5) Cut points 6 to C.

In this case, since the position of the boss 2 varies from work to work, the positions of points a and b had to be measured each time, and the measured values had to be re-entered into the movement program. As mentioned above, it is necessary to debug the input values at this time.

This invention was made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and aims to provide a numerical control device that can accurately check the movement locus of the tool 3 and perform efficient machining.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a pulse generating means for automatically generating a first feed speed pulse and a pulse generating means for manually generating a second feed speed pulse. The present invention is characterized by comprising a manual pulse generating means for generating a pulse, and a switching means for selecting the first or second feed rate pulse and supplying the selected one to the interpolating means.

[Operation] According to the above configuration, manual pulses can be supplied to the interpolation means by switching the switching means to the manual pulse generation means side. As a result, by rotating the manual pulse generating means by the operator, it becomes possible to operate each drive shaft according to the programmed tool trajectory. That is, if the manual pulse generating means is rotated l pitch, I
Since the machine moves only in pulse units and does not move beyond that,
Accurate tool trajectory checking becomes possible.

In addition, if you input the machining start point, end point, and movement trajectory in advance and start automatic operation, then switch the switching means to the manual pulse generation means side and operate the manual pulse generation means, you can perform machining as if it were done manually. It becomes possible to do so. That is, by rotating the manual pulse generating means quickly, the feed rate can be increased, and by rotating the manual pulse generating means slowly, the feed rate can be decreased. Therefore, when machining workpieces with slightly different dimensions, by slowly rotating the manual pulse generator before and after the location where the dimensions differ, diagonal cutting, circular arc cutting, etc. can be performed along the movement trajectory. It is extremely convenient.

[Example] Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention. In this figure, IO is a microcomputer. The microcomputer 10 stores data input manually from the input device 11, and controls the machine tool's movement axes X, Y,
Data such as the amount of movement in Z, the direction of movement, and the contents of interpolation (linear interpolation, circular interpolation, etc.) are supplied to the axis control unit I2. The axis control unit 12 has a memory and an interpolator,
It stores data supplied from the microcomputer IO and outputs a feed pulse in accordance with a feed rate pulse FP2 to be described later. That is, the interpolator independently outputs the number of feed pulses necessary to realize the trajectory specified by the microcomputer 10 to each of the moving axes X, Y, and Z. Shaft drive Unisol l-13
supply to These axis drive units 13 independently drive the moving axes of a machine tool table, etc., and are composed of a servo motor or the like, and move the moving axes by an amount proportional to the feed pulse.

Next, 14 is an override switch, which is used to change the feed rate set by the program. This override switch 14 is capable of setting a range of 0 to 200% of the above-mentioned feed speed in units of 10%. The override register 15 divides the clock CP in order to control it at the feed rate set by the override switch 14. That is, when the microcomputer 10 reads the set value of the override switch I4 and sets a frequency division value that realizes this in the override register 15, the override register 15 divides the clock CP by this frequency division value and divides the clock CP. feed rate register I6. The feed rate register 16 divides the output of the override register 15 and outputs a feed rate pulse FPI corresponding to a preprogrammed feed rate, and this frequency division value is specified by the microcomputer 10.

On the other hand, I7 is a manual pulse generator, which is composed of a manual handle 17a10, a tally encoder 17b, and a waveform shaping circuit 17c.By turning the manual handle 17a, a rotary encoder 171+ attached to the manual handle L7a generates a feed rate pulse. Generates H and P. This feed speed pulse HP is used for interlocking feed and each movement axis x, y.

2, it is turned on/off by a manual switch 20 provided on the manual pulse generator 17 and output. In this case, each axis of movement X.

The feed speed pulse HP for y and z is supplied to the x, y, and z axis drive units 13, while the feed speed pulse HP for interlocking feed enters the microcomputer 10 as an interrupt signal and is also sent to the switching circuit 18. Supplied. Switching circuit! Reference numeral 8 is provided for each axis of movement, each consisting of two analogue gates 18a, 18b, and an OR gate 18c, and when the changeover switch 19 is on the override side, it selectively outputs the feed rate pulse FPI, and the changeover switch When I9 is on the manual side, the feed speed pulse HP is selected and output, and these are used as the feed speed pulse FP2 for the axis 1i.
1J is designed to be supplied to the control unit 12.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained by taking the work shown in FIG. 2 as an example.

First, a work start point 0, a work end point C, and the type of trajectory connecting these two points (a straight line in this example) are input from the human-powered device 2. The microcomputer 10 reads this data and supplies these data to the axis control unit 12.

Then, when the changeover switch 19 is switched to the override side and automatic operation is started, the tool 3 is moved to the axis control unit 1
According to the value (movement trajectory) set by the interpolator in 2, the robot starts moving linearly from point O toward point C, and performs processing such as cutting.

Next, when the tool 3 approaches point a, it is stopped and the changeover switch 19 is switched to the manual side.

In this state, when the manual switch 20 of the manual pulse generator I7 is switched to interlocked feed and the handle is turned, a feed speed pulse HP is output. This feed rate pulse HP is supplied to the microcomputer 10 and, via the switching circuit 18, to the axis control unit 12 as a feed rate pulse FP2. As a result, each time the feed rate pulse HP is output, the microcomputer 10 sets the minimum unit amount to the interpolator of the axis control unit 12, and according to the feed rate pulse FP2, the axis control unit
A feed pulse is supplied from 2 to each axis drive unit 3,
A movement of the smallest unit amount is performed.

Thus, when point a is reached, the manual switch 20 of the manual pulse generator 17 is turned on, only the Z axis is turned on, and the handle is turned, so that the tool 3 can move upward and pass over the top surface of the boss 2. Here again, the manual switch 2
When the handle is turned with the interlocking feed set to 0, the tool 3 moves on a trajectory and the boss 2 can be released. Then, when the point is directly above the point, switch the manual switch 20 to the Z axis again, lower the tool 3, set the changeover switch 19 to the override side, and start the process. Machining will be performed automatically up to point C. .

In this way, in this embodiment, by switching the feed rate pulse to that from the manual pulse generator 17 near the target position, manual movement can be performed while checking the feed amount and position according to a pre-programmed trajectory. This makes it possible to easily and accurately process and position workpieces with misaligned dimensions or check their trajectories.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, in the present invention, the tool can be moved also by the feed rate pulse from the manual pulse generating means, so that the following effects can be obtained.

(1) Machining such as diagonal cutting and arc cutting and tool stopping can be performed with the feeling of manual operation.

(2) The tool path can be checked accurately.

(3) It is possible to easily deal with cases where manual cutting is more efficient, such as when there is a dimensional deviation of the workpiece or in the case of a small lot.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of one embodiment of the present invention,
FIGS. 2A and 2B are a plan view and a side view, respectively, showing an example of processing. 12... Axis control unit (interpolation means), 13... Axis drive unit (driving means), 16... Feed rate register (pulse generation means), 17... Manual pulse generator (
manual pulse generation means), 18... switching circuit (switching means), FPI... first feed rate pulse, HP... second feed rate pulse.

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a numerical control device having interpolation means for outputting a feed pulse based on a feed rate pulse and drive means for driving each drive shaft according to the feed pulse, a pulse generating means for automatically generating a first feed rate pulse. and manual pulse generation means for manually generating a second feed rate pulse;
A numerical control device comprising: switching means for selecting the first or second feed rate pulse and supplying the selected one to the interpolation means.