JPS59232746A - Numerical control machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To aim at enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of machining, by providing such an arrangement that after a detection signal for the position of the spindle of a numerical control machine coincides with an instruction signal, that is, each axial signal at predetermined steps is completed, axial feeds are further carried out in accordance with the successive program steps. CONSTITUTION:A numerical control machine which carries out machining of a workpiece under the control of a predetermined program, comprises a table 12 on which the workpiece is set, and a spindle 34 which is carried by the table 12, movably in the directions of X, Y and Z axes, and which is attached with a tool 38. In such a numerical control machine, there are provided a plurality of axial-feed motors 14, 30, 36 for feeding the spindle 34 relatively to the table 12, at least one axial motor 30 of them consisting of an A.C. motor. Further, there is provided a detector 56 for detecting the position of the spindle which are driven by the motors, thereby after a detection signal from the detector coincides with an instruction signal, that is, each axial feed at predetermined program steps is completed, axial feeds are further carried out in accordance with the successive program steps.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a numerically controlled processing machine, and particularly to a numerically controlled processing machine that sequentially processes a workpiece according to a predetermined program.

BACKGROUND TECHNOLOGY The table includes a table on which a workpiece is placed, and a main shaft supported by the table and to which a tool is attached. A processing machine that processes a workpiece by changing the positional relationship between the main shaft and the main shaft is well known.In conventional processing machines, an AC motor (induction motor) was used. Therefore, in order to automate processing machines by numerical control (NO), it is necessary to replace the AC motor with a DCC motor, which makes the modification to numerical control complicated and even more expensive. There was a problem with becoming.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and its purpose is to provide a numerically controlled processing machine that can be numerically controlled easily and at low cost.

Structure of the Invention In order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes a table on which a workpiece is placed, and a
A numerically controlled processing machine that sequentially processes a workpiece according to a predetermined program, including a spindle supported so as to be capable of feeding in 11 directions and to which a tool is attached; At least one of the feed drive motors of each feed drive motor is an AC motor, and a detector is provided to detect the main shaft position caused by the drive of each feed drive motor, and a detection signal from the detector is provided. The present invention is characterized in that, after the command signal and the command signal match and each transport according to a predetermined program stage is completed, each transport according to the continuing program stage is performed.

Embodiments Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

11 shows the external appearance of a numerically controlled processing machine according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows its block circuit. In addition, in the examples, the present invention
applied to the board.

In FIG. 1, a table 12 on which a workpiece (not shown) is placed is provided on a base 10 so as to be movable in the X-axis direction. A feed drive motor 14 and an X-axis fine feed motor 16 are provided, and the PX-axis feed screw 18 is rotated by driving one or both of the motors 14, 16, so that the table 12 is fed in the X-axis force direction. It will be driven by υ. Further, two support columns 20 and 22 are erected on the base 10, a top plate 24 is fixed to the upper surface of the support columns 20 and 22, and a guide body 26 is provided along the Y-axis direction. That is, one end of the guide body 26 is supported and fixed to the support column 20, and the other end is supported and fixed to the support column 2i. A head 28 is provided on the guide body 26 so as to be movable in the Y-axis direction, and an X-axis feed drive motor 30 is used to feed and drive the head 28.
and Y-axis fine feed motor 32 are provided, and motor 30 .
By driving one or both of 32, it becomes possible to move the head 28 relative to the guide body 26 in the Y-axis direction.

The head 28 is provided with a main shaft 34 movable in the Z-axis force direction, and a two-axis feed drive motor 36 is provided to drive the main shaft 34. 9. Driving the two-axis feed drive motor 36 Alternatively, the main shaft 34 can be driven to feed the head 28 in the Z-axis direction. And, on the main shaft 34,
A tool 38 is detachably attached to the head 28, and the head 28 is further provided with a spindle rotation motor 40. The tool 38 is rotated by the drive of the spindle rotation motor 40, so that the tool 38 can machine the workpiece. It will be carried out.

Therefore, in the processing machine shown in FIG. 1, by driving the It is understood that since the main spindle 34 is driven to feed the table 12 by a desired amount in the direction of the X-axis, yI:+t+, 2-axis, the workpiece can be machined in a desired manner.

In the present invention, in order to numerically control the processing machine easily and at low cost, the feed drive motor for at least one axis of the above-mentioned feed drive motors is an AC motor, and in the embodiment, the X transport drive motor is 14. The Y transport drive motor 30 consists of an AC motor, and a two-axis feed drive motor 36
consists of a DC motor. Therefore, the two-axis feed drive motor 3
6 only needs to be replaced with a DC motor, and the X-axis feed drive motor 14 and X-axis feed drive motor 30 can continue to use AC motors, making numerical control easy and inexpensive. It becomes possible to do so.

The X-axis feed drive motor 14 and the x-axis fine feed motor 16
, X-axis feed drive motor 30, Y-axis fine feed motor 32.
A main controller 42 and a sequencer 44 are provided to control the drive of the two-axis feed drive motor 36, and the main controller 42 receives a command signal 10 according to a predetermined program.
Outputs 0.

Therefore, each motor 14, 16, 30, 32, 36 is driven based on the command signal 100, and thereby each axis is sequentially fed according to a predetermined zologram.

In the embodiment, in order to create a predetermined program, the main controller 42 includes a programming operation panel 4.
6 is connected, and the programming operation panel 46 can be used to create a program consisting of a plurality of program stages.

The programming operation panel 46 has a built-in microcomputer (not shown) that can process programs, and the processed programs are transmitted to the main controller 42.
Similarly, a microcomputer (not shown) is built into the main controller 42, and programs from the programming operation panel 46 are processed by the microcomputer and then stored in a memory (not shown) built into the main controller 42. Everything will be remembered. That is, all zolograms consisting of a plurality of program stages are temporarily stored in the memory within the main controller 42. Therefore, each motor 14.16.30.32.3 according to the zologram stored in the memory in the main controller 42
6 is driven, and as a result, each shaft feed 9 is performed in sequence according to a program consisting of a plurality of program stages.

Furthermore, in the present invention, a detector is provided to detect the main shaft position due to the drive of each feed drive motor, and the detection signal from the detector and the command signal match, and each axis path according to the Df zologram stage is After the completion of the zologram stage, each axis travels by continuing the zologram stage, thereby performing feedback control.In the embodiment, the table 12
In order to detect the position of the main shaft 34 in the X-axis direction, the base 1o is provided with an In order to detect the position in the Y-axis direction, the guide body 26 is provided with a Y-axis magnetic scale 52, the head 28 is provided with a Y-axis slider 54, and both sliders 50, 54 are connected to the detector 56. The detector 56 provides a detection signal 102 to the main controller 42 . Also,
In order to detect the position of the main @134 in the ZIII11 direction, the two-axis feed drive motor 36 is provided with a pulse encoder 58, and the pulse encoder 58 is connected to a detector 6o. 10'4 to the main controller 42.

Therefore, the feed drive of the table 12 and main 1il 134 by each motor 14.16.3o, 32.36 is controlled by the detector 5.
6.6o can be detected and fed back to the main controller 42.1. This allows feedback control to be performed. That is, the main controller 42
supplies a command signal 100 to each motor 14, 16.30.32.36 to cause each axis to travel through a predetermined zologram stage in the program, with the command signal 1oo- and the detector 56. Detection signal 10 from 60 and 104 are compared, and the command amount of command signal 100 and detection signal IQ2.104 are compared.
Each motor 14.16 only when the detected amount matches the detected amount.
．． 30.32.36 to supply the next command signal to perform each axis traverse of successive program stages within the program.

As described above, according to the embodiment, feedback control is performed by comparing the detected amount of the detection signal 102.104 from the detector 56.60 with the command amount of the command signal 100 in the main controller 42. As a result, each axis passage in the zologram stage continues after each axis passage in the predetermined program stage is completed. In FIG. 1, a pendant 62 is connected and fixed to the programming operation panel 46, and current is supplied to the pendant 62 and the main control device 42 from a high-power electrical panel 64.

Next, in the example, each axis is controlled in three stages (high speed,
The deceleration control is performed at a medium speed or very slow speed, and this deceleration control will be explained below.

FIG. 3 shows a flowchart of 31-step deceleration control according to the embodiment.

In FIG. 3, a program is created by operating the gear switch in step 200, the program (processing data) is displayed in step 202, and the program is started in step 204.
As a result, each axis of the processing machine moves at high speed in step 206.

Then, in step 208, the microcomputer checks whether the position of the axis movement has reached the first deceleration point (high speed → medium speed), and in step 210, the position of the axis movement has reached the first deceleration point. If so, proceed to the next Stella 7° 212, and if the first deceleration point has not been reached, proceed to step 2 again.
Return to 08 and maintain high speed.

In step 212, the speed is reduced from high speed to medium speed, and step 2
At step 14, the microcomputer checks whether the position of the axis movement has reached the second deceleration point (medium speed→low speed). Step 2
If the axis movement position reaches the second deceleration point in step 16, the process proceeds to the next step 218, and if the second deceleration point has not been reached, the process returns to step 214 again to maintain the medium speed. do.

In step 218, the speed is reduced from medium to very slow, and step 2
At step 20, the microcomputer checks whether the position of the axis movement matches the set point. In step 222, if the position of the axis movement matches the set point, the process proceeds to the next step 224 and the machining is stopped; if it does not match the set point, the process returns to step 220 again and maintains the slow speed.

As described above, the three-stage deceleration control is performed, and FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the moving position and the speed at this time. From the graph in Figure 4, three stages of deceleration control (
High speed→medium speed→slow speed) can be easily interpreted as follows.

In the graph of FIG. 4, the high-speed flow rates are in six orders, the medium-speed flow rates are o, t m, and the stopping accuracy at the time of stopping is within 0.01 mm. In addition, in the processing machine of the embodiment, two motors, the X-axis feed drive motor 14 and the X-axis fine feed motor 16, are used for the Since two motors, the drive motor 30 and the Y-axis fine feed motor 32, are used, automatic positioning for arbitrary command values in the X-axis and Y-axis directions can be easily performed with three-stage deceleration control. It can be carried out.

As described above, according to the embodiment, automatic positioning for an arbitrary command value can be performed by three-stage deceleration control, and highly accurate machining can be performed.

Next, according to the programming operation panel 46, a program can be easily created even during processing, and the functions of this programming operation panel 46 will be explained in detail below.

Conventionally, when a general-purpose processing machine was numerically controlled, it lost its function as a general-purpose machine, and the machine could not be operated manually; it had to be programmed all the time, which made the operation of the processing machine very difficult. This is complicated and takes a long time. Furthermore, the processing machine cannot be operated during the programming operation, and as a result, the operating efficiency of the processing machine is significantly reduced.

As mentioned above, when a general-purpose processing machine is modified into a numerically controlled processing machine, the versatility of manual operation is almost lost, and the processing efficiency is extremely low when processing a wide variety of small quantities and a wide variety of products. was there.

Therefore, in the embodiment, a programming operation panel 46 is provided that allows a program to be created arbitrarily even during machining. According to the programming operation panel 46, the operator can perform simple programming operations quickly and reliably. It is possible to create highly accurate programs, and furthermore, even during machining, the operator can create the next program. Therefore, the gramming operation panel 46 allows
It becomes possible to improve the processing efficiency of a wide variety of products in small quantities and a wide variety of products. The creation of a program using the programming operation panel 46 will be described below.

In FIG. 2, the programming operation panel 46 has a programming key portion 66;
Zorogramming of processed data is performed by operating . When programming, processing data is programmed according to the pattern shown in FIG.

In order to display the program, the deprogramming operation panel 46 is provided with a display section 68, and the operator can check the program by looking at the display section 68, thereby allowing the operator to perform appropriate programming operations. It can be carried out. In addition, in Zorogramming of processed data, the above-mentioned '? It is possible to input 15 consecutive patterns in turn units. A program can be easily created as described above, and this program consists of a plurality of program stages.

As mentioned above, all programs created on the programming operation panel 46 are supplied to the main controller 42, are temporarily stored in the memory within the main controller 42, and then
Feedback control is performed by the main controller 42.

That is, the main controller 42 performs each transport based on a predetermined program stage in the program, and compares the command amount of the command signal 1000 with the detected amount of the detection signal 102 at the time of each transport. If the detected amount matches the detected amount, carry out each transport according to the successive program stages in the program,
As a result, after each transport according to a predetermined program is completed, each transport according to the program stage continues. Therefore, since the program created with the programming operation panel 46 is stored in the memory within the main controller 42, even when the main controller 42 is processing,
The following program can be created using the programming operation panel 46. It should be noted that the programming operation panel 46 is provided with a switch section 70, and by operating the switch section 70 appropriately, it is possible to select various machining states.For example, the machining state can be selected as one block instead of continuous. Accordingly, the processing machine can be stopped every time each transport according to one program stage is completed.

Therefore, according to the programming operation panel 46 of the embodiment,
Programs can be created easily, and furthermore, programs can be created even during processing.

As described above, according to the embodiment, since the AC motor is conveniently used as the X-axis feed drive motor and the Y-transport drive motor, the processing machine can be numerically controlled easily and at low cost. For example, the numerical control according to the embodiment is less expensive than conventional numerical control. Then, by comparing the command amount of the command signal 100 and the detected amount of the detection signals 102 and 104 in the main controller 42, it becomes possible to perform appropriate feedback control.

In addition, in the embodiment, since programs can be easily created using the programming operation panel 46,
An operator can easily create a highly reliable program without requiring a programmer. Further, the programming operation panel 46 allows the operator to create a program even during machining. Therefore,
It is possible to improve the working time efficiency of the operator and the processing efficiency of the processing machine. In processing a wide variety of products in small quantities and a wide variety of products, the numerical control according to the embodiment has a processing efficiency more than twice that of the conventional numerical control.

As described in detail, according to the present invention, processing machines can be numerically controlled easily and at low cost. Then, a detector is provided to detect the main shaft position due to the drive of each feed drive motor, and the detection signal from the detector and the command signal match,
Since each transport according to the continuing program stage is performed after each transport according to a predetermined program stage is completed, appropriate feedback control can be performed, and processing by the processing machine can be performed efficiently and with high precision. .

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external view of a numerically controlled processing machine according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block circuit diagram of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing three-stage deceleration control according to an embodiment, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a graph diagram showing three-stage deceleration control, and FIG. 12...Table, 14...X-axis feed drive motor, 30...X-axis feed drive motor, 34...Main shaft, 36...2-axis feed drive motor, 38...Tool, 42. ...Main control device, 46...Programming operation panel, 56...Detector, 60...Detector. Agent Patent Attorney Yoshi 1) Kenji ((lpt)/Nsho 1st plan 4

Claims (1)

[Claims] +11 It includes a table on which a workpiece is placed, and a main shaft supported on the table so that it can be driven in the Y-axis and Z-axis directions and to which a tool is attached, and machining the workpiece in a predetermined manner. A numerically controlled processing machine that performs processing sequentially according to a program includes a plurality of feed drive motors that feed and drive the main axis with respect to the table, at least one feed drive motor of at least one axis among each feed drive motor is an AC motor, and each A detector is provided to detect the position of the main shaft due to the drive of the feed drive motor, and the program continues after the detection signal from the detector and the command signal match and each axis has completed a predetermined program step. A numerically controlled processing machine whose percentage is determined by each stage of transportation.