JPS61180658A - Production of centrifugal casting pipe - Google Patents
Production of centrifugal casting pipeInfo
- Publication number
- JPS61180658A JPS61180658A JP2141885A JP2141885A JPS61180658A JP S61180658 A JPS61180658 A JP S61180658A JP 2141885 A JP2141885 A JP 2141885A JP 2141885 A JP2141885 A JP 2141885A JP S61180658 A JPS61180658 A JP S61180658A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- mold
- centrifugal casting
- casting
- pipe
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D13/00—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force
- B22D13/10—Accessories for centrifugal casting apparatus, e.g. moulds, linings therefor, means for feeding molten metal, cleansing moulds, removing castings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/003—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting by using inert gases
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、二層の遠心鋳造管、例えば高温強度と耐食性
とを兼ね備えた二層鋳造管、耐摩耗性と耐食性とを兼ね
備えた二層鋳造管、高強度と耐食性とを兼ね備えた二層
鋳造管等の遠心鋳造管を製造する方法に関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a two-layer centrifugally cast pipe, such as a two-layer centrifugally cast pipe that has both high temperature strength and corrosion resistance, and a two-layer centrifugally cast pipe that has both wear resistance and corrosion resistance. The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing centrifugally cast pipes, such as cast pipes and double-layer cast pipes that have both high strength and corrosion resistance.
二層管を製造する従来の方法としては、遠心鋳造法を用
いて内外層を形成し、二層の遠心鋳造管を得る方法が広
く用いられている。As a conventional method for manufacturing a double-layered pipe, a widely used method is to form inner and outer layers using a centrifugal casting method to obtain a two-layered centrifugally cast pipe.
かかる遠心鋳造管を得る方法について第4図を用いて具
体的に説明する。先ず、回転している遠心鋳造用鋳型(
1)の鋳込側(図における左側)に配されたホッパー(
4)から該遠心鋳造用鋳型(1)内へ外層形成用溶湯を
鋳込んで外層(A)を形成する。そして、該外層(A)
の内側へ内層形成用溶湯を、前記ホッパー(4)から鋳
込んで内層(B)を形成する。A method for obtaining such a centrifugally cast tube will be specifically explained using FIG. 4. First, the rotating centrifugal casting mold (
1) The hopper (
From step 4), the molten metal for forming the outer layer is poured into the centrifugal casting mold (1) to form the outer layer (A). and the outer layer (A)
The molten metal for forming the inner layer is poured into the inner layer from the hopper (4) to form the inner layer (B).
然るに、遠心鋳造用鋳型(1)内には一般に大気が存在
するので、外層(A)が形成されてから内層形成用溶湯
が鋳込まれるまでの間に、外層(A)の内面は大気と接
することとなり、該内面には酸化膜が生じることとなる
。そして、上述したように内面に酸化膜が生じた外層(
A)の内側に内層(B)を形成すると、内外層の境界部
、特にその湯先側(図における右側)に接合不良部が生
じる。However, since the atmosphere generally exists inside the centrifugal casting mold (1), the inner surface of the outer layer (A) is exposed to the atmosphere from the time the outer layer (A) is formed until the molten metal for forming the inner layer is cast. As a result, an oxide film is formed on the inner surface. Then, as mentioned above, the outer layer (
When the inner layer (B) is formed inside A), a bonding failure occurs at the boundary between the inner and outer layers, especially on the tip side (the right side in the figure).
かかる接合不良部の発生を抑えるために、従来は、外層
形成用溶湯を鋳込む際に、又は外層形成用溶湯を鋳込ん
だ直後に、外層(A)の内面が酸化するのを防止するた
めにフラックス(例えば、Sin、−CaO−Na、O
系のフラックス)を供給している。In order to suppress the occurrence of such defective joints, conventional methods have been used to prevent the inner surface of the outer layer (A) from oxidizing when or immediately after casting the molten metal for forming the outer layer. flux (e.g., Sin, -CaO-Na, O
system flux).
このようにフラックスを供給した上で内層形成用溶湯を
鋳込んで二層の遠心鋳造管を製造する場合は、フラック
スを供給しない場合に比し、内外層の境界部に前記酸化
膜に起因する接合不良部が生じるのを大幅に抑えること
ができるが、内層形成用溶湯を鋳込む際に鋳込側から湯
先側へと流れる該溶湯が、前記フラックスを浮上させて
湯先側へ移動させる結果、第4図に示す如く、湯先側に
フラ・7クス集積部4(C)を生じさせる。また、一部
のフラックスは浮上せず、内外層の境界部にフラックス
残留部(D)となって残存する。When producing a two-layer centrifugally cast tube by supplying flux and then casting the molten metal for forming the inner layer, the oxide film at the boundary between the inner and outer layers is more likely to be produced than when no flux is supplied. The occurrence of poor joints can be greatly suppressed, but when the molten metal for forming the inner layer is poured, the molten metal flowing from the casting side to the tip side causes the flux to float and move to the tip side. As a result, as shown in FIG. 4, a flux accumulation portion 4 (C) is formed on the tip side. Further, some of the flux does not float and remains as a flux residual portion (D) at the boundary between the inner and outer layers.
かかるフラックス集積部(C)やフラックス残留部(D
)を減少させるには、内層形成用溶湯を鋳込む際の溶湯
温度を上昇させ、溶湯量を増加させることが有効である
が、溶湯温度を上昇させ、溶湯量を増加させると、鋳込
側において既に凝固している外層(A)が再溶融し、該
外層(A)が薄肉化するという問題が生じる。Such flux accumulation part (C) and flux residual part (D
), it is effective to raise the molten metal temperature and increase the amount of molten metal when pouring the molten metal for forming the inner layer. A problem arises in that the outer layer (A), which has already solidified in the process, is remelted and the outer layer (A) becomes thinner.
従って、無闇に内層形成用溶湯の溶湯温度を上昇させ、
溶湯量を増加させることはできず、またその溶湯温度を
上昇させず、溶湯量を増加させない場合には、前記フラ
ックス集積部(C)やフラックス残留部(D)が多発す
る。Therefore, the temperature of the molten metal for forming the inner layer is increased indiscriminately,
If the amount of molten metal cannot be increased, and if the temperature of the molten metal is not increased and the amount of molten metal is not increased, the flux accumulation portion (C) and flux residual portion (D) occur frequently.
本発明は、かかる問題点を解決することを目的とする。The present invention aims to solve such problems.
かかる目的を達成するために創案さ耗た零発′明方法は
、遠心鋳造用鋳型の鋳込側に枝管付きガス流出管を配し
、該枝管付きガス流出管から非酸化性ガスを流出させて
溶湯を鋳込むことを特徴としている。In order to achieve this purpose, a method invented from scratch was to arrange a gas outlet pipe with a branch pipe on the casting side of a centrifugal casting mold, and to supply non-oxidizing gas from the gas outlet pipe with a branch pipe. It is characterized by pouring out the molten metal and casting it.
以下、本発明方法を添付図面を参照しながら詳細に説明
する。Hereinafter, the method of the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
第1図は、本発明方法の実施に使用する遠心鋳造用鋳型
の一例を模式的に示す縦断面図であり、第2図はその要
部拡大図である0図中、(1)は略円筒状の遠心鋳造用
鋳型であり、該遠心鋳造用鋳 1型(1)は
、回転ローラー(2) (2)上を転勤し得るように横
設されている。更に、該遠心鋳造用鋳型(1)の鋳込側
(図における左側)及び湯先側(図における右側)の各
端部には、内径が若干拡径された拡径部(la) (l
a)が夫々形成されており、該拡径部(la) (la
)には中心孔付きバンド(3) (3)が夫々装着され
ている。Fig. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of a centrifugal casting mold used in carrying out the method of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of the main parts thereof. This is a cylindrical centrifugal casting mold, and the centrifugal casting mold 1 (1) is placed horizontally so that it can be moved over rotating rollers (2) (2). Further, at each end of the casting side (left side in the figure) and tip side (right side in the figure) of the centrifugal casting mold (1), there is an enlarged diameter part (la) (l) whose inner diameter is slightly enlarged.
a) are formed respectively, and the enlarged diameter portions (la) (la
) are each fitted with a band (3) (3) with a center hole.
畝上の如く遠心鋳造用鋳型(1)の鋳込側端部に装着さ
れたバンド(3)の中心孔(3a)には、ホッパー(4
)の下端開口部(4a)を遠心鋳造用鋳型(1)の内部
へ向けてのぞませてあり、該ホッパー(4)からは溶湯
が遠心鋳造用鋳型(1)内へ鋳込まれるようになってい
る。A hopper (4) is installed in the center hole (3a) of the band (3) attached to the casting side end of the centrifugal casting mold (1) like a ridge.
) has a lower end opening (4a) looking toward the inside of the centrifugal casting mold (1), and the molten metal is poured from the hopper (4) into the centrifugal casting mold (1). It has become.
更に、鋳込側端部に装着されたバンド(3)の中心孔(
3a)の残余の空間には、枝管付きガス流出管(5)の
型内向はガス流出口(5a)が遠心鋳造用鋳型(1)の
内部へ向けてのぞませてあり、該型内向はガス流出口(
5a)からはArガス、Co2ガス等の非酸化性ガスが
遠心鋳造用鋳型(1)内へ向ぽて流出するようになって
いる。なお、枝管付きガス流出管(5)は、前記バンド
(3)の中心孔(3a)において前記型内向はガス流出
口(5a)と反対方向へ開口する型外向はガス流出口(
51a) ・・(51a)を有する枝管(51)・・
(51)をその先端近傍から四方へ分岐させており(第
2図の■−■線による断面図たる第3図参照)、核型外
向はガス流出口(51a) ・・(51a)からもA
rガス、CO,ガス等の非酸化性ガスが遠心鋳造用鋳型
(1)外へ向けて流出するようになっている。Furthermore, the center hole (
In the remaining space of 3a), the gas outlet (5a) of the gas outlet pipe (5) with a branch pipe is directed toward the inside of the centrifugal casting mold (1), and the gas outlet (5a) is directed toward the inside of the mold. is the gas outlet (
Non-oxidizing gas such as Ar gas and Co2 gas flows out from 5a) into the centrifugal casting mold (1). In addition, the gas outlet pipe (5) with a branch pipe opens in the center hole (3a) of the band (3) in the direction opposite to the gas outlet (5a) on the inside of the mold, and opens in the direction opposite to the gas outlet (5a) on the outside of the mold.
51a)...branch pipe (51)... having (51a)...
(51) is branched in all directions from near its tip (see Figure 3, which is a cross-sectional view taken along the line ■-■ in Figure 2), and the outward direction of the nucleus is also from the gas outlet (51a)... (51a). A
Non-oxidizing gas such as r gas, CO, gas, etc. flows out of the centrifugal casting mold (1).
而して、本発明方法におい°ζは、前記枝管付きガス流
出管(5)の各ガス流出口(5a) (51a) ・
・(51a)からArガス、CO2ガス等の非酸化性ガ
スを流出させつつ、ホッパー(4)から溶湯を鋳込んで
外層(A)及び内層(B)を形成し、遠心鋳造管を製造
する。Therefore, in the method of the present invention, °ζ is each gas outlet (5a) (51a) of the branched gas outlet pipe (5).
・While non-oxidizing gas such as Ar gas and CO2 gas flows out from (51a), molten metal is poured from the hopper (4) to form an outer layer (A) and an inner layer (B) to manufacture a centrifugally cast tube. .
かくして遠心鋳造管を製造する場合は、遠心鋳造用鋳型
(1)内へ型内向はガス流出口(5a)から非酸化性ガ
スが送り込まれる上、それが送り込まれるときに近傍の
大気が巻き込まれるのを防止すべく、鋳込側のバンド(
3)の中心孔(3a)において型外向はガス流出口(5
1a) ・・(51a)から非酸化性ガスが流出され
ているので、該遠心鋳造用鋳型(1)内は非酸化性雰囲
気となり、ホッパー(4)から外層形成用溶湯を鋳込ん
で外層(A)を形成した状態においても、該外層(A)
の内面に酸化膜が生じることがない。その結果、フラッ
クスを供給しないで内層形成用溶湯を鋳込んで内層(B
)を形成しても、内外層の境界部における接合不良部(
酸化膜に起因する接合不良部)の発生を抑えることがで
きる。また、フラックスを供給しないので、第4図に示
す如きフラックス集積部(C)やフラックス残留部(D
)も生じない。When manufacturing a centrifugally cast tube in this way, non-oxidizing gas is fed into the centrifugal casting mold (1) from the gas outlet (5a), and when it is fed, the surrounding atmosphere is drawn in. In order to prevent this, the band on the casting side (
In the center hole (3a) of 3), the gas outlet (5) faces outward from the mold.
1a) Since the non-oxidizing gas is flowing out from (51a), the inside of the centrifugal casting mold (1) becomes a non-oxidizing atmosphere, and the molten metal for forming the outer layer is poured from the hopper (4) to form the outer layer ( Even in the state where A) is formed, the outer layer (A)
No oxide film is formed on the inner surface of the As a result, the molten metal for forming the inner layer was cast without supplying flux, and the inner layer (B
), there will still be poor bonding at the boundary between the inner and outer layers (
It is possible to suppress the occurrence of defective joints caused by oxide films. In addition, since no flux is supplied, the flux accumulation part (C) and flux residual part (D) as shown in Fig.
) also does not occur.
なお、大気が巻き込まれるのを防止するために型外向は
ガス流出口(51a) ・・(51a)から非酸化性
ガスを流出させる場合は、そのガス圧は1気圧以上にす
る必要があるのはいうまでもないが、2〜5気圧にする
のが望ましい。2気圧よりも低い場合は、遠心鋳造用鋳
型(1)内を非酸化性ガスで充満させる上で圧力不足と
なるからであり、5気圧よりも高い場合は、そのガスの
圧力を外層形成用溶湯がもろに受け、外層(A)の肉厚
が薄くなったり偏ったりする可能性が高くなるからであ
る。In addition, in order to prevent air from being drawn in, if non-oxidizing gas is to be flowed out from the gas outlet (51a) (51a) facing outside the mold, the gas pressure must be at least 1 atm. Needless to say, it is desirable to set the pressure to 2 to 5 atmospheres. If it is lower than 2 atm, there will be insufficient pressure to fill the centrifugal casting mold (1) with non-oxidizing gas, and if it is higher than 5 atm, the pressure of the gas will not be enough to fill the mold (1) for centrifugal casting with non-oxidizing gas. This is because there is a high possibility that the outer layer (A) will become thinner or uneven because the molten metal will be absorbed.
外径が160鶴であり、外層(C:0.4%、Si:1
.3%、Mn:1.0%、Cr:25%、Ni:20%
)の肉厚が10鶴であり、内層(C: 1.5%、Si
:1.8%、Mn:1.0%、Cr:1B%)の肉厚6
鶴であり、全長が3000mである遠心鋳造管を従来方
法及び本発明方法を用いて夫々製造し、本発明方法のメ
リットを確認した。The outer diameter is 160 mm, and the outer layer (C: 0.4%, Si: 1
.. 3%, Mn: 1.0%, Cr: 25%, Ni: 20%
) has a wall thickness of 10 mm, and the inner layer (C: 1.5%, Si
: 1.8%, Mn: 1.0%, Cr: 1B%) thickness 6
A centrifugally cast tube having a total length of 3000 m was manufactured using the conventional method and the method of the present invention, respectively, and the merits of the method of the present invention were confirmed.
その鋳造条件を第1表に、鋳造結果を第2表に夫々示す
。The casting conditions are shown in Table 1, and the casting results are shown in Table 2.
第1表
なお、肉厚形成用溶湯は外層の内面温度がその凝固温度
から120℃低下した状態で鋳込んだ。Table 1 Note that the molten metal for forming the wall thickness was cast in a state in which the inner surface temperature of the outer layer was lowered by 120° C. from its solidification temperature.
第2表
なお、外層再溶融層の長さは、外層が内層形成用溶湯に
影響されて1fi以上再溶融した部分の長さを示してい
る。In Table 2, the length of the outer remelted layer indicates the length of the portion of the outer layer that is remelted by 1 fi or more under the influence of the molten metal for forming the inner layer.
また、不健全部とは接合不良部(外層内面の酸化膜に起
因するもの)やフラックス集積部やフラックス残留部等
をさす。In addition, the unsound parts refer to defective joint parts (caused by the oxide film on the inner surface of the outer layer), flux accumulation parts, flux residual parts, and the like.
これらの結果から次のことが分かる。The following can be seen from these results.
従来方法による場合、例えばフラックスを使用しない阻
1では、不健全部(主に外層内面の酸化膜に起因する接
合不良部)の長さが1800mと長く、またフラックス
を添加したN12では、不健全部(主にフラックス集積
部やフラックス残留部)の長さが1000箇と長かった
。In the case of the conventional method, for example, in N1, which does not use flux, the length of the unsound part (mainly a defective joint caused by the oxide film on the inner surface of the outer layer) is as long as 1800 m, and in N12, which has added flux, the length of the unsound part is as long as 1800 m. The length of the parts (mainly the flux accumulation part and the flux residual part) was as long as 1000 parts.
これに対して本発明方法による場合は、不健全部(主に
外層内面の酸化膜に起因する接合不良部)の長さが20
0〜300日にとどまり、健全部の長さが大幅に増加し
、本発明方法のメリットが大きいことが分かった。On the other hand, in the case of the method of the present invention, the length of the unsound part (the defective joint part mainly caused by the oxide film on the inner surface of the outer layer) is 20
It was found that the length of the healthy part remained within 0 to 300 days, and the length of the healthy part increased significantly, indicating that the method of the present invention has great merits.
以上詳述した如く、本発明方法を用いて遠心鋳造管、例
えば高温強度と耐食性とを兼ね備えた二層鋳造管、耐摩
耗性と耐食性とを兼ね備えた二層鋳造管、高強度と耐食
性とを兼ね備えた二層鋳造管等の遠心鋳造管を製造する
場合は、枝管付きガス流出管から非酸化性ガスを流出さ
せることにより、遠心鋳造管の外層が形成された遠心鋳
造用鋳型内を非酸化性雰囲気となした上で、内層形成用
溶湯を鋳込むので、フラックスを供給しなくとも前記外
層の内面に酸化膜が発生するのを抑えることができ、該
酸化膜に起因する内外層の接合不良を抑えることができ
る。その上、フラックスを供給しないのであるから、フ
ラックス残留部やフラックス残留部は勿論発生しない、
このように、本発明方法によれば、不健全部の少ない遠
心鋳造管を製造することができ、その工業的価値は極め
て大きい。As detailed above, the method of the present invention can be used to produce centrifugally cast pipes, such as double-layer cast pipes that have both high-temperature strength and corrosion resistance, double-layer cast pipes that have both wear resistance and corrosion resistance, and high strength and corrosion resistance. When manufacturing centrifugally cast pipes such as double-layer cast pipes, the inside of the centrifugal casting mold in which the outer layer of the centrifugally cast pipe is formed is made non-oxidizing by letting non-oxidizing gas flow out from the gas outlet pipe with branch pipes. Since the molten metal for forming the inner layer is cast in an oxidizing atmosphere, the formation of an oxide film on the inner surface of the outer layer can be suppressed without supplying flux, and the formation of the inner and outer layers caused by the oxide film can be suppressed. Bonding defects can be suppressed. Moreover, since no flux is supplied, there will of course be no residual flux or residual flux.
As described above, according to the method of the present invention, it is possible to manufacture a centrifugally cast pipe with few unhealthy parts, and its industrial value is extremely large.
第1図は本発明方法の実施に使用する遠心鋳造用鋳型の
一例を模式的に示す縦断面図、第2図はその要部拡大図
、第3図は第2図のm−m線による断面図、第4図は従
来の遠心鋳造用鋳型を示す縦断面図である。
1:遠心鋳造用鋳型、4:ホッパー、5:枝管付きガス
流出管、5a:型内向はガス流出口、51:枝管、51
a:型外向はガス流出口、A:外層。
B:内層。Fig. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of a centrifugal casting mold used in carrying out the method of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of the main parts thereof, and Fig. 3 is taken along the line m-m in Fig. 2. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a conventional centrifugal casting mold. 1: Centrifugal casting mold, 4: Hopper, 5: Gas outlet pipe with branch pipe, 5a: Gas outlet facing inward of the mold, 51: Branch pipe, 51
a: Gas outlet facing outward from the mold, A: Outer layer. B: Inner layer.
Claims (1)
配し、該枝管付きガス流出管から非酸化性ガスを流出さ
せて溶湯を鋳込むことを特徴とする遠心鋳造管の製造方
法。(1) A centrifugal casting tube characterized in that a gas outflow pipe with a branch pipe is arranged on the casting side of a centrifugal casting mold, and molten metal is cast by letting non-oxidizing gas flow out from the gas outflow pipe with a branch pipe. manufacturing method.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2141885A JPS61180658A (en) | 1985-02-05 | 1985-02-05 | Production of centrifugal casting pipe |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2141885A JPS61180658A (en) | 1985-02-05 | 1985-02-05 | Production of centrifugal casting pipe |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS61180658A true JPS61180658A (en) | 1986-08-13 |
Family
ID=12054456
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2141885A Pending JPS61180658A (en) | 1985-02-05 | 1985-02-05 | Production of centrifugal casting pipe |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS61180658A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2695581A1 (en) * | 1992-09-16 | 1994-03-18 | Saed Manfredi Spa | Method of working with metallic materials in a controlled atmosphere. |
-
1985
- 1985-02-05 JP JP2141885A patent/JPS61180658A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2695581A1 (en) * | 1992-09-16 | 1994-03-18 | Saed Manfredi Spa | Method of working with metallic materials in a controlled atmosphere. |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
KR880004877A (en) | Mold and casting device for user hollow casting | |
JPS61180658A (en) | Production of centrifugal casting pipe | |
JPS6330155A (en) | Refractory path connector for transporting molten steel to casting wheel continuous casting machine | |
US1678931A (en) | Production of pipe couplings by centrifugal casting | |
US2720022A (en) | Method of making tubing from strip metal stock | |
US441375A (en) | Art of making metal tubing | |
JP3714135B2 (en) | Cooling pipe casting method | |
JP2989492B2 (en) | Manufacturing method of double-layer pipe | |
KR100478819B1 (en) | A gasket for collector nozzle | |
JPS6127158A (en) | Centrifugal casting mold | |
JPS61172652A (en) | Casting mold for production of rolling roll | |
US464077A (en) | Manufacture of blooms for rolled-steel tires | |
JPS6140289B2 (en) | ||
KR200277277Y1 (en) | A gasket for collector nozzle | |
JPH01138049A (en) | Mold for centrifugal casting | |
US1476734A (en) | Process of making pipe and in a special form of pipe | |
JPH0638592Y2 (en) | Cooling channel internal casting mold | |
US894164A (en) | Compound metal body and process of producing same. | |
JPH0235391Y2 (en) | ||
JPH03184656A (en) | Method for manufacturing clad billet | |
JPH02431Y2 (en) | ||
JPS58184038A (en) | Pipe of gating system made of metal | |
JPS59183963A (en) | Centrifugal casting method | |
JPH0780600A (en) | Method for continuous casting of composite ingot | |
JPH0155070B2 (en) |