JPS6117618A - Fender - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To raise the characteristic of a fender by a method in which a fender is made up of plural rubbery elastic components having different elasticity modulus by arranging the components in such a way as to vary the apparent elasticity modulus in the axial direction of the fender. CONSTITUTION:A fender 10 is made up of rubbery elastic components 11 and 12 having different elasticity modulus by arranging the components 11 and 12 in such a way as to vary the apparent elasticity modulus in the axial direction of the fender 10. The elasticity modulus of the components 11 and 12 is set up to N1>N2. The component 12 is set on the periphery of a cylindrical core A formed of the component 11 and they are integrally vulcanized and bonded to each other. By varying the apparent elasticity modulus in the axial direction by using the same shape of molds in this way, desired reaction characteristics curves can be obtained.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a fender, and more particularly, to a fender main body formed of a rubber-like elastic material that absorbs the impact received when ships come alongside. This invention relates to the improvement of fenders that buffer against buckling deformation.

[Conventional technology]

BACKGROUND ART Generally, fenders are attached to quay walls and the like in order to buffer the impact that ships receive when coming alongside.

One type of fender is shown in Figures 10 (al and 11).
As shown in Figure (a), mounting members 20 are embedded in both ends of the fender main body 10, which is made of a rubber-like elastic body mainly composed of rubber and formed into a hollow cylinder shape, and are integrally vulcanized and bonded. and attach an impact receiving plate (not shown) to the impact receiving side,
It is attached to a quay wall etc. via a quay wall mounting bottom plate (not shown) attached to the quay side, and the fender main body 10, which is formed in a hollow cylindrical shape, is prevented from buckling deformation by the impact received when a ship comes alongside. So-called buckling fenders have been developed and are in use.

(The fender shown in FIG. 11 (al) is one in which the surface of the fender main body 10 is coated with a surface layer rubber S having excellent weather resistance. However, this type of conventional fender is Since the component is made of one type of rubber-like elastic body having a predetermined elastic modulus, the apparent elastic modulus in the axial direction is the first.
As shown in FIG. 0(b) and FIG. 11(b), it is almost constant over the entire axial direction of the fender main body 10.

Therefore, the apparent elastic modulus of one type of rubber-like elastic body does not change, and therefore, the reaction force characteristic curve has been changed by changing the external shape of the fender main body 10.

In other words, it is currently impossible to change the reaction force characteristic curve with molds having the same shape.

[Purpose of the invention]

The present invention was developed as a result of studies to solve the above-mentioned problems.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to improve the internal structure of the fender without changing the external shape of the fender.
That is, the objective is to provide an excellent fender material that can obtain a desired reaction force characteristic curve by changing the apparent modulus of elasticity in the axial direction using a mold of the same shape.

[Structure of the invention]

That is, in the present invention, the fender main body is composed of constituent members made of two or more types of rubber-like elastic bodies having different elastic moduli, and each of the constituent members having different elastic moduli is connected to the fender main body in the axial direction. The gist is a fender characterized by being arranged so that its modulus of elasticity changes.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described by way of examples with reference to the drawings.

1 to 9 show fenders made of each embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1(a) is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram of the first embodiment, and FIG.
b) is a diagram showing the apparent elastic modulus of the same as above, FIG. 2 (al is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram of the second embodiment, FIG. A cross-sectional explanatory diagram of the third embodiment, FIG. 3(b) is a diagram showing the apparent elastic modulus of the same as above,
Figure 4 shows the second embodiment shown in Figure 2(a) and Figure 11+a.
Figure 5 is a reaction force characteristic curve diagram with the conventional example shown in Figure 3 (
A reaction force characteristic curve diagram of the third embodiment shown in a) and the conventional example shown in FIG. 11(a), FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram of the fourth embodiment,
FIG. 7 is an explanatory cross-sectional view of the fifth embodiment, FIG. 8 is an explanatory cross-sectional view of the sixth embodiment, and FIG. 9 is a perspective cross-sectional explanatory view of the seventh embodiment.

In the figure, E1 to E7 are respective fenders according to embodiments of the present invention, and the fender main body 10 is made up of two or more types of rubber-like elastic bodies having different moduli of elasticity. Each constituent member IL 12 is composed of ... and has a different modulus of elasticity.
... are arranged so that the apparent modulus of elasticity in the axial direction of the fender main body 10 changes.

To further explain this structure, in the actual embodiment, the fender main body 10 is composed of constituent members 11 and 12 made of two types of rubber-like elastic bodies with different elastic moduli, and the elastic modulus of the constituent member 11 is When N1 is the elastic modulus of the component 12, and N2 is the elastic modulus of the component 12, the relationship between the elastic modulus N1 and the elastic modulus N2 is set to Nl>N2 or Nl<N2.

The fender E1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention has an elastic modulus of N
,>N2, as shown in Fig. 1(a),
A constituent member 12 made of a rubber-like elastic body having an elastic modulus of N2 is arranged on the outer circumferential side of a cylindrical core body A formed of a constituent member 11 made of a rubber-like elastic body having an elastic modulus of N1, and each of these constituent members 11 and 12 are integrally vulcanized and bonded.

Therefore, the fender E1 in this example has an apparent elastic modulus in the axial direction as shown in FIG. 1(b).
1 can be decreased toward the center.

The fender E2 according to the second embodiment of the present invention has an elastic modulus of N
l>N2, and as shown in FIG. A constituent member 121 made of a rubber-like elastic body is disposed, and a constituent member 1 made of a rubber-like elastic body with an elastic modulus N2 is disposed on the inner peripheral side.
22, and each of these constituent members IL 12+ ,
122 are integrally vulcanized and bonded.

Therefore, the fender E2 in this example has an apparent elastic modulus in the axial direction as shown in FIG. 2(b).
It can be decreased towards the center of 2.

In the fender E3 according to the third embodiment of the present invention, contrary to the first and second embodiments described above, the elastic modulus is set to the relationship Nl<N2, and as shown in FIG. , a component 121 made of a rubber-like elastic body having a modulus of elasticity N2 is disposed on the outer circumferential side of a cylindrical core A formed of a constituent member 11 made of a rubber-like elastic body having an elastic modulus N1, and a constituent member 121 made of a rubber-like elastic body having an elastic modulus N2 is disposed on the inner circumferential side. , elastic modulus N
Two constituent members 122 made of rubber-like elastic bodies are arranged, and these constituent members 11, 12+, 122 are integrally vulcanized and bonded.

Therefore, the fender E3 in this example is the first one described above.
And contrary to the second embodiment, the apparent modulus of elasticity in the axial direction can be increased toward the center of the fender E3, as shown in FIG. 3(b).

In addition, as in each of the above-mentioned embodiments, it is most preferable to configure the fender body 10 with two types of structural members having different elastic moduli; Of course, the fender main body 10 may also be configured.

Figure 4 shows the reaction force on the vertical axis and the strain on the horizontal axis.
This shows the reaction force characteristic curve of this type of fender material, and the reaction force characteristic curve of the fender E2 of the present invention shown in Fig. 2 ta+ with the elastic modulus set to the relationship Nl > N2. .

Curve β...reaction force characteristic curve of a conventional fender G of this kind shown in FIG. 10 (al) whose wall thickness is the same as that of the fender E2 of the present invention.

are shown respectively.

In the figure, when comparing the reaction force characteristic curve α of the fender E2 of the present invention with the reaction force characteristic curve β of the conventional fender G, it is clear that the fender E2 of the present invention has a maximum point reaction force. Since the initial reaction force can be increased, the absorbed energy at the initial stage of the ship's berthing can be increased.

Therefore, as described above, the elastic modulus is set to the relationship Nl>N2, and as shown in FIGS. 1(a) and 2(a), the cylindrical shape A component I2 having an elastic modulus N2 is arranged on the outer circumferential side and/or inner circumferential side of the core body A, and the apparent elastic modulus in the axial direction is set to the first
As shown in Figure (b) and Figure 2 (bl), the fender E2 decreases toward the center because it can absorb more energy at the beginning of the ship's berthing. Even if the ship is large, there is no risk of excessive buckling of the fender during the initial stage of berthing, making it extremely effective for berthing and mooring large ships.

In addition, Figure 5 shows the reaction force characteristic curve of this type of fender, with the reaction force ratio on the vertical axis and the strain on the horizontal axis.Curve γ...The elastic modulus is N ,<N2,
The reaction force characteristic curve of the fender E3 of the present invention shown in FIG. 3(a).

Curve β...reaction force characteristic curve of a conventional fender G of this type shown in FIG. 10 (al) whose wall thickness is the same as that of the fender E3 of the present invention.

are shown respectively.

In the figure, when comparing the reaction force characteristic curve γ of the fender material E3 of the present invention with the reaction force characteristic curve β of the conventional fender material G, it is clear that the fender material E3 of the present invention has a maximum point reaction force. Since the initial reaction force can be reduced, the reaction force per absorbed energy at the initial stage of the ship's berthing can be reduced.

Therefore, contrary to the above embodiment, the elastic modulus is N1<N2
In addition, as shown in FIG. 3(a),
A cylindrical core body A formed of a component 11 with an elastic modulus Nl
A component 1 having an elastic modulus N2 is placed on the outer circumferential side and/or inner circumferential side of
2, and the apparent modulus of elasticity in the axial direction is shown in Figure 3 fb.
), the fender material increases toward the center of the fender E2 because the reaction force per absorbed energy becomes smaller at the beginning of the ship's berthing, even if the ship is small. There is no risk of it being blown off by fenders, making it extremely effective for when small vessels are moored or moored.

In addition, the maximum point reaction force is defined as the state in which the reaction force increases as the strain increases from the origin O in the reaction force characteristic curves shown in FIGS. This is the inflection point when transitioning to a decreasing state, in other words, the reaction force at the first peak point of the reaction force.

Next, other embodiments will be described.

The fender E4 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention has an elastic modulus of N
l>N2 or Nl<N2, and as shown in FIG. N
A structural member 121 made of a rubber-like elastic body with a modulus of elasticity N2 is arranged on the inner peripheral side, and each of these constituent members 11° 12
+, 122 are integrally vulcanized and bonded.

-Furthermore, in this embodiment, grooves 30 continuous in the circumferential direction are arranged near both ends of the fender main body 10, as shown in the figure, and the distance between each groove 30 is M. , if the total length of the fender main body 10 is H, the groove 30
The distance M between them is set in the range of 0.60H to 0.85H.

As shown in the drawings, the grooves 30 described above are formed to have a substantially U-shaped cross section in this embodiment, and are arranged symmetrically about the axial center of the fender main body 10. Moreover, as mentioned above, the distance M between each groove 30 is 0.60H~
It is set within a range of 0.85H, and when compressive force is applied to the hollow cylindrical body 10 by a ship coming alongside, each cross section approximately U
This allows the fender main body 10 to buckle and deform axially symmetrically using the letter-shaped groove 30 as a fulcrum.

As mentioned above, the distance M between each groove 30 is set to 0.60H to 0.60H.
85I (is set in the range of 0.60H).If the distance M between each groove 3θ is less than 0.60H, the distance M between each groove 30 becomes narrow, and compressive force is applied to the fender main body 10 when a ship comes alongside. When this occurs, buckling deformation does not occur axially symmetrically with this groove 30 as a boundary, but the deformation becomes asymmetrical, and the inner circumferential surfaces come into contact with each other at an early stage, resulting in a decrease in absorbed energy and a decrease in cushioning performance. On the other hand, this is because a rapid increase in reaction force is caused, and it is not possible to buffer the impact when the ship comes alongside, which may result in damage to the ship, quay, etc.

In addition, when the distance M between each groove 30 exceeds 0.85H, the distance M between each groove 30 increases, and when a compressive force is applied by a ship coming alongside, the outer surface is quickly damaged by an impact plate or a quay wall. If the ship comes into contact with the quay, the reaction force will suddenly increase, and the impact when the ship comes alongside cannot be buffered, which may not only cause damage to the ship or quay, but also cause the reaction force to suddenly increase. This is because the energy absorption efficiency of the fender as a whole decreases, and the cushioning performance and durability decrease as well.

In addition, the distance M between each groove 30 mentioned above is 0.65H to 0.
．． It is more preferable to set it within the range of 77H in order to cause axially symmetrical buckling deformation and improve the shock absorbing performance and durability.

However, if the ratio of the elastic modulus N1°N2 of each rubber-like elastic body is large, the groove 30 may not be provided (even if the interface plays its role).

Next, the fender E5 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention has flange portions 4 at both ends of the fender main body 1o, as shown in FIG.
This is an example in which 0 is integrally formed.

In this example as well, the elastic modulus is Nl > N2 or N, 1 <
As shown in the figure, the elastic modulus N1
A component 121 made of a rubber-like elastic body having an elastic modulus N2 is disposed on the outer circumferential side of the cylindrical core body A formed of the constituent member 11 made of a rubber-like elastic body of Component members 122 made of a rubber-like elastic body are arranged, and each of these component members 11, 121, and 122 are integrally vulcanized and bonded.

Next, the fender E6 according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention has an elastic modulus set to the relationship of Nl>N2 or Nl<N, 2, and
As shown in WJ, a component 12 made of a rubber-like elastic body with an elastic modulus N2 is arranged inside a cylindrical core body A formed of a constituent member 11 made of a rubber-like elastic body with an elastic modulus N1, and these It is constructed by integrally vulcanizing and adhering each of the constituent members 11 and 12.

Next, a fender E7 according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention is an example in which the fender main body 10 is formed into a trapezoidal cross-section hollow body, as shown in FIG.

In this example as well, the elastic modulus is Nl > N2 or Nl <
As shown in the figure, the elastic modulus N1
A component 121 made of a rubber-like elastic body having an elastic modulus N2 is disposed on the outer circumferential side of the cylindrical core body A formed of the constituent member 11 made of a rubber-like elastic body of It is constructed by arranging constituent members 122 made of a rubber-like elastic body, and integrally vulcanizing and adhering these constituent members IL 121 and 122.

Furthermore, it can also be applied to this type of fender material that faces each other in the form of a plate.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, the present invention comprises a fender main body composed of constituent members made of two or more types of rubber-like elastic bodies having different moduli of elasticity, and each constituent member having a different modulus of elasticity is connected in the axial direction of the fender main body. Since we arranged it so that the apparent elastic modulus of
A desired pain characteristic curve can be obtained without changing the external shape of the fender (that is, by changing the apparent modulus of elasticity in the axial direction using a mold of the same shape.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 to 9 show fenders made of each embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 (al is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram of the first embodiment,
b) is a diagram showing the apparent elastic modulus of the same as above, FIG. A cross-sectional explanatory diagram of the third embodiment, FIG. 3(b) is a diagram showing the apparent elastic modulus of the same as above,
Figure 4 shows the second embodiment shown in Figure 2 (al) and Figure 11 fa.
) shows the reaction force characteristic curve diagram of the conventional example, and Fig. 5 shows the reaction force characteristic curve shown in Fig. 3 (
The third embodiment shown in al and FIG. 11 (reaction force characteristic curve diagram of the conventional example shown in al, FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram of the fourth embodiment,
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram of the fifth embodiment, FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram of the sixth embodiment, FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional perspective explanatory diagram of the seventh embodiment, and FIG. A cross-sectional explanatory diagram of a conventional fender of this kind, FIG. 10(b) is a diagram showing the apparent modulus of elasticity of the same as above, FIG. (b> is a diagram showing the apparent elastic modulus of the same as above. 10... Fender main body, 11, 12... Constituent members made of rubber-like elastic bodies having different elastic moduli.

Claims (1)

[Claims] The fender main body is composed of constituent members made of two or more types of rubber-like elastic bodies having different elastic moduli, and the apparent elastic modulus of each of the constituent members having different elastic moduli in the axial direction of the fender main body changes. A fender characterized by being arranged as follows.