JPS61175512A - Steering angle detection mechanism - Google Patents

Steering angle detection mechanism

Info

Publication number
JPS61175512A
JPS61175512A JP1622185A JP1622185A JPS61175512A JP S61175512 A JPS61175512 A JP S61175512A JP 1622185 A JP1622185 A JP 1622185A JP 1622185 A JP1622185 A JP 1622185A JP S61175512 A JPS61175512 A JP S61175512A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
light
steering
shaft
steering angle
phase
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP1622185A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yasuo Shimizu
康夫 清水
Toshitake Kawai
俊岳 河合
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Honda Motor Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Honda Motor Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Honda Motor Co Ltd filed Critical Honda Motor Co Ltd
Priority to JP1622185A priority Critical patent/JPS61175512A/en
Publication of JPS61175512A publication Critical patent/JPS61175512A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/347Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells using displacement encoding scales
    • G01D5/34707Scales; Discs, e.g. fixation, fabrication, compensation
    • G01D5/34715Scale reading or illumination devices

Abstract

PURPOSE:To facilitate the detection of a steering angle with the miniaturization of the mechanism, by providing light transmitting sections on a steering shaft at an equal interval along the circumference thereof and two units of photoelec tric elements shifted in the phase from each other to detect the transmission light therethrough. CONSTITUTION:Projections 21 are formed on the circumference of the second shaft and serves as light intercepting section to intercept light with the turning of a steering wheel while the clearance thereof transmits light as light transmit ting section 21a. Two units of photoelectric elements 22A and 22B each compris ing light emitting element and a light receiving element are arranged on a steering column 1 sandwitching the light transmitting section 21a, where the light emitting element comprises photodiodes 23 and 25 and the light receiving element does phototransistors 24 and 26. Then, as the elements 22A and 22B are so arranged to be different in the phase from each other, with the turning of the steering wheel, lights of the photodiodes 23 and 25 passing the light transmission section 21a are received with phototransistors 24 and 26 and pulse- like electrical signals shifted in the phase are outputted. This enables the detec tion of the steering angle on the steering shaft.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 (産業上の利用分野) 本発明はステアリングホイールの回転角度を検出する操
舵角検出機構に関する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a steering angle detection mechanism that detects the rotation angle of a steering wheel.

(従来技術およびその問題点) 一般に、ステアリング装置はステアリングホイールを中
立の位置から所定量(通常1.5回転)回転させると、
ステアリングピニオンがラックのエンドに至り、ステア
リングホイールをさらに同一方向に回転できない構造と
なっている。
(Prior art and its problems) In general, when a steering device rotates a steering wheel a predetermined amount (usually 1.5 rotations) from a neutral position,
The steering pinion reaches the end of the rack, making it impossible to rotate the steering wheel further in the same direction.

ところが、本願出願人が先に出願した電動1式パワース
テアリング装置においては、入力軸の操舵トルクに対応
した補助トルクがこれに備えた電動機によって出力軸に
付与されるため、ステアリングホイールの操舵に対応し
た操舵角を検出し、この検出信号によりステアリングエ
ンドでは補助トルクを出力軸に付与しないよう制御する
ことが望ましい、また、車体のステア特性を制御する場
合にも操舵角に応じた制御を行なう場合があり、取付は
スペースをとらず、効率よく操舵角を検出できる操舵検
出機構が望まれている。
However, in the electric single-type power steering device that the applicant previously applied for, an auxiliary torque corresponding to the steering torque of the input shaft is applied to the output shaft by the electric motor provided therein, so that it does not correspond to the steering of the steering wheel. It is desirable to use this detection signal to control the steering end so that no auxiliary torque is applied to the output shaft.Also, when controlling the steering characteristics of the vehicle body, it is desirable to perform control according to the steering angle. Therefore, there is a need for a steering detection mechanism that does not take up much space to install and can efficiently detect the steering angle.

(発明の目的) そこで本発明は、ステアリング角度を容易に検出できる
とともに小型化を可能とする操舵角検出機構を提供する
ことを目的とする。
(Objective of the Invention) Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a steering angle detection mechanism that can easily detect the steering angle and can be downsized.

(問題点の解決手段およびその作用) 本発明の操舵角検出機構は、ステアリングシャフトの円
周方向に等間隔に透光部を設け、この透光部を挾むよう
に設けられ透光部の通過光を検出する2組の光電素子を
互いに位相をずらして配設した構成であり、ステアリン
グシャフトの回転に伴って透光部を通過する通過光が各
光電素子により受光され、これらの光電素子から位相の
異なるパルス信号がそれぞれ出力され、これら位相の異
なる出力信号に基づいてステアリング回転角が検出され
る。
(Means for Solving the Problems and Their Effects) The steering angle detection mechanism of the present invention has transparent parts provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the steering shaft, and is provided so as to sandwich the transparent parts, so that light passing through the transparent parts is provided. It has a configuration in which two sets of photoelectric elements that detect the Different pulse signals are output, and the steering rotation angle is detected based on these output signals having different phases.

(実施例) 以下に本発明の好適な一実施例を添付図面に基づいて説
明する。尚1本実施例では、電動式パワーステアリング
装置に適用した場合を例に採って説明する。
(Embodiment) A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below based on the accompanying drawings. In this embodiment, an example in which the present invention is applied to an electric power steering device will be described.

第1図は、電動式パワーステアリング装置を示す縦断面
図である。第1図において、(1)はステアリングコラ
ム、(2)はステータ、(3)はケースであり、(4)
と(7)は互いに同軸状に配設された入力軸および出力
軸である。また、入力軸(4)の内端部が出力軸(7)
の内端部内に遊嵌される一方、これらの内端がト、−ジ
ョンバー(8)により連結され、入力軸(4)が軸受(
9)、(10)により、出力軸(7)が軸受(11)、
(12)、(13)により、そ°れぞれ回動自在に支承
されている。さらに入力軸(4)の周囲に配設された操
舵角検出機構(20)と、入出力軸(4)と(7)の嵌
合部の周囲に配設された操舵トルクセンサ(36)と、
出力軸(7)の周囲に配設された′電動機(41)、減
速装置(50)、電磁クラッチ(B3)と、操舵トルク
センサ(36)および操舵検出機構(20)の検出信号
に基づき電動機(41)および電磁クラッチ(63)を
駆動制御する制御装置(図示省略)とを備えた構成であ
る。
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an electric power steering device. In Figure 1, (1) is a steering column, (2) is a stator, (3) is a case, and (4) is a case.
and (7) are an input shaft and an output shaft arranged coaxially with each other. Also, the inner end of the input shaft (4) is the output shaft (7).
The input shaft (4) is loosely fitted into the inner end of the bearing (8), and these inner ends are connected by a shaft (8).
9) and (10), the output shaft (7) is connected to the bearing (11),
They are rotatably supported by (12) and (13), respectively. Furthermore, a steering angle detection mechanism (20) disposed around the input shaft (4), and a steering torque sensor (36) disposed around the fitting portion of the input/output shafts (4) and (7). ,
The electric motor (41), the reduction gear (50), the electromagnetic clutch (B3) arranged around the output shaft (7), the electric motor based on the detection signals of the steering torque sensor (36) and the steering detection mechanism (20) (41) and a control device (not shown) that drives and controls the electromagnetic clutch (63).

更に詳述すると、入力軸(4)の端部に固定されたステ
アリングホイール(不図示)を回動すると、そのときの
操舵トルクが操舵トルクセンサ(3B)で検出され、こ
の検出信号により不図示の制御装置が前記検出信号に対
応した補助トルクを出力軸に付加するように電動機(4
1)および電磁クラッチ(63)を制御する。このとき
電動機(4I)の発生する補助トルクは減速装置(50
)および電磁クラッチ(83)を介して出力軸(7)に
伝達される。そして、操舵角検出機構(20)の検出信
号によりステアリングエンドを検知すると上記制御装置
は操舵トルクセンサ(36)の検出信号にかかわらず電
動機(41)および電磁クラッチ(63)を駆動しない
ように制御する。
More specifically, when the steering wheel (not shown) fixed to the end of the input shaft (4) is rotated, the steering torque at that time is detected by the steering torque sensor (3B), and this detection signal is used to detect the steering torque (not shown). The control device of the electric motor (4) applies an auxiliary torque corresponding to the detection signal to the output shaft.
1) and an electromagnetic clutch (63). At this time, the auxiliary torque generated by the electric motor (4I) is
) and the electromagnetic clutch (83) to the output shaft (7). When the steering end is detected by the detection signal of the steering angle detection mechanism (20), the control device controls the electric motor (41) and the electromagnetic clutch (63) so as not to drive regardless of the detection signal of the steering torque sensor (36). do.

上記操舵角検出機構(20)は、第2図に示すように、
第2軸(6)の外周に放射方向に向は等間隔に複数の突
起(21)が突設されており、この突起(21)がステ
アリングホイールの転舵に伴って光を遮断する遮光部と
なる一方、これらの突起(21)の隙間が透光部(21
a)となる、また、発光素子と受光素子とからなる2組
の光電素子(例えば、フォトカブラ) (22A、22
B)が前記透光部(21a)を挾むようにステアリング
コラム(1)に固着して配設されている。これらの2組
の光電素子(22A 、22B)は、第3図に示すよう
に、発光素子がフォトダイオード(23)、(25)に
より、受光素子がフォトトランジスタ(2U、(2Et
)により構成されおり、これらの光電素子(22A)と
(22B)は互いに位相が異なるように配設されている
。例えば、本実施例では、互いに90°位相がずれる配
置となっている。したがって、ステアリングホイールが
転舵されると、これに伴って透過部(21a)を通過し
た各フォトダイオード(23,25)の光がそれぞれフ
ォトトランジスタ(24,28)に受光され、各フォト
トランジスタ(24)と(2B)からは、互いに90°
位相がずれたパルス状の電気信号が出力される。
The steering angle detection mechanism (20), as shown in FIG.
A plurality of protrusions (21) are protruded from the outer periphery of the second shaft (6) at equal intervals in the radial direction, and these protrusions (21) are light shielding parts that block light as the steering wheel is turned. On the other hand, the gap between these protrusions (21) is the transparent part (21).
a), and two sets of photoelectric elements (for example, photocoupler) consisting of a light emitting element and a light receiving element (22A, 22
B) is fixedly disposed on the steering column (1) so as to sandwich the light-transmitting portion (21a). As shown in FIG. 3, these two sets of photoelectric elements (22A, 22B) have light emitting elements made up of photodiodes (23) and (25), and light receiving elements made up of phototransistors (2U and (2Et)).
), and these photoelectric elements (22A) and (22B) are arranged so that their phases are different from each other. For example, in this embodiment, the arrangement is such that the phases are shifted by 90° from each other. Therefore, when the steering wheel is turned, the light of each photodiode (23, 25) passing through the transmission part (21a) is received by each phototransistor (24, 28), and each phototransistor (24, 28) receives the light of each photodiode (23, 25). 24) and (2B), 90° to each other
A pulsed electrical signal with a shifted phase is output.

このように本実施例の操舵角検出機構(20)は光電素
子(22A)と(22B)とを位相をずらして配設する
ことにより、操舵角に応じた検出信号が得られるので、
全体構造の小型化を図ることができ、ステアリングシャ
フトの周囲に配設できる。
In this way, the steering angle detection mechanism (20) of this embodiment can obtain a detection signal according to the steering angle by arranging the photoelectric elements (22A) and (22B) with different phases.
The overall structure can be made smaller and can be placed around the steering shaft.

また、本実施例では、第3図に示す信号処理回路を通じ
てマイクロコンピュータに入力されている。この処理回
路は、各光電素子(22A)と(22B)に電源を供給
してパルス信号として出力するパルス変換回路(27)
と、このパルス信号を整形する2つのシュミットトリガ
回路からなる波形整形回路(28)と、マイクロコンピ
ュータのクロックパルスCPに基づいて動作するD型フ
リップフロップ(29,30,31,32)’および2
回路4チャンネルタイプのマルチプレクサ回路(33)
と、イクスクルーシブオア回路(34)とからなるドラ
イブユニツ) (35)により構成されている。そして
、N端子からは回転速度検出用のパルス信号が出力され
る。また、ステアリングホイール右転舵された場合には
R端子からパルス信号が出力され、左転舵された場合に
はL端子からパルス信号が出力される。尚、マルこのよ
うな操舵角検出機構(38)においては、各光電素子(
22A、22B)および処理回路には常時電源が供給さ
れており0例えばステアリングホイールが右方向に転舵
されると、入力軸(4)とともに透光部(21a)が右
方向に回転し、同一の透光部(21a)を通過した各フ
ォトダイオード(23)又は(25)の通過光が90°
の位相をずらしてそれぞれのフォトトランジスタ(24
)又は(2S)に受光される。したがって、一方のフォ
トトランジスタ(26)から出力される出力信号は他方
のフォトトランジスタ(25)から出力される出力信号
よりも90°位相が遅れたものとなり、波形整形回路(
28)、各フリップフロップ回路(29,30,31,
32) 、マルチプレクサ回路(33)およびエクスク
ル−シブオア回路(34)等の各回路からは第4図(a
)〜(文)に示すパルス信号がそれぞれ出力される。つ
まり、ステアリングホイールが右方向に転舵された場合
には、R端子から第4図(文)に示すパルス信号B5が
出力される一方、L端子からは出力されない、また、ス
テアリングホイールが左方向に転舵された場合には逆に
L端子から第4図(文)に示すパルス信号A5が出力さ
れ、R端子からは出力されない、そして、マイクロコン
ピュータにおいては、パルス信号B5又はA5に基づい
て、操舵方向が検出されるとともに、操舵角が計数処理
される。また。
Further, in this embodiment, the signal is input to the microcomputer through the signal processing circuit shown in FIG. This processing circuit is a pulse conversion circuit (27) that supplies power to each photoelectric element (22A) and (22B) and outputs it as a pulse signal.
, a waveform shaping circuit (28) consisting of two Schmitt trigger circuits that shape this pulse signal, and D-type flip-flops (29, 30, 31, 32)' and 2 that operate based on the clock pulse CP of the microcomputer.
Circuit 4 channel type multiplexer circuit (33)
and an exclusive OR circuit (34) (35). A pulse signal for rotational speed detection is output from the N terminal. Furthermore, when the steering wheel is turned to the right, a pulse signal is output from the R terminal, and when the steering wheel is turned to the left, a pulse signal is output from the L terminal. In addition, in such a steering angle detection mechanism (38), each photoelectric element (
22A, 22B) and the processing circuit. For example, when the steering wheel is turned to the right, the transparent part (21a) rotates to the right along with the input shaft (4), and the same The light passing through each photodiode (23) or (25) that has passed through the transparent part (21a) is 90°
The phase of each phototransistor (24
) or (2S). Therefore, the output signal output from one phototransistor (26) is delayed in phase by 90 degrees than the output signal output from the other phototransistor (25), and the waveform shaping circuit (
28), each flip-flop circuit (29, 30, 31,
32), the multiplexer circuit (33), the exclusive OR circuit (34), etc.
) to (sentence) are output, respectively. In other words, when the steering wheel is turned to the right, the pulse signal B5 shown in Figure 4 (text) is output from the R terminal, but is not output from the L terminal. Conversely, when the steering wheel is turned to , the steering direction is detected and the steering angle is counted. Also.

N端子から出力される第4図(i)のパルス信号Eに基
づいて操舵速度が演算処理される。
The steering speed is calculated based on the pulse signal E shown in FIG. 4(i) output from the N terminal.

つまり、ステアリングホイールを中立位置から右又は左
方向に転舵すると、マイクロコンピュータにおいてはパ
ルス信号B、又はA5のパルス数を計数することにより
ステアリングエンドに至る操舵角が検知される。したが
って、ステアリング装置がステアリングエンドに至ると
、このエンド位置をステアリングシャフト上で検出する
ことができ、例えば、電動式パワーステアリング装置の
電動機がエンド位置では補助トルクを発生しないよう電
動機を適切に制御することが可能となる。
That is, when the steering wheel is turned from the neutral position to the right or left, the microcomputer detects the steering angle that reaches the steering end by counting the number of pulses of the pulse signal B or A5. Therefore, when the steering device reaches the steering end, this end position can be detected on the steering shaft, and, for example, the electric motor of an electric power steering device can be appropriately controlled so that it does not generate auxiliary torque at the end position. becomes possible.

尚、本発明は、上記実施例の如き電動式パワーステアリ
ング装置に限らず、他の制御、例えば車体のステア特性
等の制御にも適用することができる。
Note that the present invention is not limited to the electric power steering device as in the above embodiment, but can also be applied to other controls, such as control of steering characteristics of a vehicle body.

(発明の効果) 以北の説明で明らかなように本発明によれば、ステアリ
ングシャフトの円周方向に透光部を設け、この透光部の
通過光を検出する2組の光電素子を?Lいに位相をずら
して配設したことにより、構造の小型化を図ることがで
きるため、ステアリングシャフトの周囲に配設できるこ
ととなり、ステアリングシャフト上で操舵角を検出する
ことができる。また、透光部および光電素子を付与する
だけでマニュアルステアリング装置からパワーステアリ
ング装置(電動式タイプに限らない)に対応することが
できるため、マニュアルステアリング装置との互換性も
損なうことがない。
(Effects of the Invention) As is clear from the following explanation, according to the present invention, a transparent portion is provided in the circumferential direction of the steering shaft, and two sets of photoelectric elements are provided to detect light passing through the transparent portion. By arranging them with a phase shift in the L direction, the structure can be made smaller, so that they can be arranged around the steering shaft, and the steering angle can be detected on the steering shaft. Further, since it is possible to adapt from a manual steering device to a power steering device (not limited to an electric type) by simply adding a light transmitting portion and a photoelectric element, compatibility with a manual steering device is not impaired.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図ないし第4図は本発明の一実施例に係り、第1図
は電動式パワーステアリング装置を中心部で90@切開
して示す縦断面図、第2図は操舵角検出機構を示す第1
図中のII−IT矢視断面図、第3図は操舵角検出機構
を示す回路構成図、第4図(a)〜(!L)はステアリ
ングホイールを右回転した場合の各部の出力信号を示す
タイムチャートである。 図面中(4)、(?)・・・ステアリングシャフト(入
力軸、出力軸) 、 r2’1a)−・透光部、(22
A)、(22B) −・・光電素子である。
Figures 1 to 4 relate to an embodiment of the present invention, in which Figure 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an electric power steering device cut out at 90° in the center, and Figure 2 shows a steering angle detection mechanism. 1st
3 is a circuit configuration diagram showing the steering angle detection mechanism, and FIGS. 4 (a) to (!L) show the output signals of each part when the steering wheel is rotated clockwise. FIG. In the drawing (4), (?)... Steering shaft (input shaft, output shaft), r2'1a) - Transparent part, (22
A), (22B) --- Photoelectric element.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] ステアリングシャフトの円周方向に等間隔に透光部を設
け、該透光部を挾むよう配設される発光部と受光部とか
らなる光電素子を、互いに位相をずらして2組設けたこ
とを特徴とする操舵角検出機構。
Light-transmitting parts are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the steering shaft, and two sets of photoelectric elements each consisting of a light-emitting part and a light-receiving part are arranged so as to sandwich the light-transmitting parts, and the phases are shifted from each other. Characteristic steering angle detection mechanism.
JP1622185A 1985-01-30 1985-01-30 Steering angle detection mechanism Pending JPS61175512A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1622185A JPS61175512A (en) 1985-01-30 1985-01-30 Steering angle detection mechanism

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1622185A JPS61175512A (en) 1985-01-30 1985-01-30 Steering angle detection mechanism

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS61175512A true JPS61175512A (en) 1986-08-07

Family

ID=11910472

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP1622185A Pending JPS61175512A (en) 1985-01-30 1985-01-30 Steering angle detection mechanism

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS61175512A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4955228A (en) * 1987-12-03 1990-09-11 Kabushiki Kaisha Tokai-Rika-Denki Seisakusho Device for detecting rotation of steering wheel for automobiles

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4955228A (en) * 1987-12-03 1990-09-11 Kabushiki Kaisha Tokai-Rika-Denki Seisakusho Device for detecting rotation of steering wheel for automobiles

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