JPS61175378A - Four-way valve apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce the electric-power consumption and reduce the dimension of the apparatus by allowing an electromagnetic coil whose polarity is reversed between normal and reverse and a plunger consisting of a permanent magnet to be interlocked with a pilot valve for opening and closing a balance part. CONSTITUTION:Onto the undersurface of a bracket 29, a pilot valve 30 for opening and closing a differential pressure port 27 and a balance port 28 is integrally installed oppositely to the both ports. A driving mechanism 32 is constituted of an electromagnetic coil 34 whose polarity is reversed between normal and reverse and a plunger 35 consisting of a permanent magnet. When negative pulses are applied onto the electromagnetic coil 34, a fixed magnetic pole 33 forms N-pole, and the pilot valve 30 opens the balance port 28. When negative pulses are applied again when the pressure difference reduces sufficiently, a slide valve 25 is shifted.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a four-way valve device used for switching flow paths in a heat pump type air conditioner.

[Technical background of the invention and its problems]

There are various structures for the four-way valve device used to switch between cooling, heating, and dehumidifying operation in a heat pump type air conditioner, but the applicant has already developed a four-way valve device that is small, lightweight, and reliable in operation. For example, a four-way valve device has been filed as Japanese Patent Application No. 159681/1983. This four-way valve device is constructed as shown in FIG. That is, 1 is a compressor, 2 is a four-way valve device, 3 is an outdoor heat exchanger, 4 is a capillary tube, and 5 is an indoor heat exchanger. The valve body 6 of the four-way valve device 2 has a first port 7 and three switching ports 8a18b and 8C arranged in parallel. The first port 7 is connected to the discharge side of the compressor 1. Further, the switching port 8a is connected to the indoor heat exchanger 6, the switching port 8b is connected to the suction side of the compressor 1, and the switching port 8C is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger 3. Further, a slide valve 9 is slidably provided in the valve body 6 to communicate two adjacent switching boats among the switching boats 8a, 8b, and 8c. Furthermore, this slide valve 9 has a connecting rod 11 with a spring 10 interposed in the middle.
It is connected to the plunger 12 via. The plunger 12 is housed in an electromagnetic coil 13 and constitutes a solenoid 14. Furthermore, the connecting rod 11
A return spring 15 is provided in the middle, and urges the plunger 12 in a direction opposite to the suction force of the solenoid 14. Further, the slide valve 9 is provided with a balance boat 16 that communicates between the inside and outside of the slide valve 9, and this balance port 16 is provided with a pilot valve 17 that is opened before the switching operation of the boat.

During the heating operation, the plunger 12 is attracted by turning on and energizing the solenoid 14, and the slide valve 9 communicates with the first boat 7 and the switching boat 8a, as shown by the solid line, and also connects the switching boat 8b. and 8
0 is connected. In addition, during cooling operation, by turning off the solenoid 14, the slide valve 9 moves forward by the biasing force of the return spring 15, thereby communicating the first boat 7 with the switching boat 8c as shown by the broken line, and connecting the switching boat 8a with the switching boat 8a. 8b. Therefore, by turning the solenoid 14 ON and OFF, the slide valve 9 can be moved forward and backward, and the flow path can be switched, but since the return spring 15 is required, the suction force of the solenoid 14 is required accordingly. As the solenoid 14 becomes larger, it is necessary to constantly energize the solenoid 14 in order to hold the slide valve 9 against the restoring force of the return spring 15 during heating operation. The present applicant is
No. 9-130681 has also been filed for a solenoid valve that eliminates the above-mentioned return spring.

As shown in FIG. 11, this is a plunger 19 consisting of an electromagnetic coil 18 to which a DC pulse voltage is applied and a permanent magnet.
The plunger 19 is provided with a slide valve 9 for switching the passages of the switching boats 8a18b and 8C. According to this, the slide valve 9 can be moved forward and backward simply by changing the polarity of the pulse applied to the electromagnetic coil 18, but the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the slide valve 9 is large, and a large driving force is required.

[Purpose of the invention]

This invention was made with attention to the above-mentioned circumstances, and its purpose is to forcibly balance the pressure by a drive mechanism that drives the slide valve, and to make it possible to forcibly balance the pressure by sliding the slide valve. It is an object of the present invention to provide a four-way valve device capable of switching paths, reducing power consumption and downsizing the device.

[Summary of the invention]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a four-way valve device in which a slide valve is provided with a balance port that communicates between the inside and outside of the valve, in which a DC pulse voltage is applied to a drive mechanism that drives the slide valve so that its polarity is correct. It is composed of a plunger consisting of an electromagnetic coil that is reversed and a permanent magnet that is attracted and repelled by the electromagnetic coil, and this plunger is linked to a pilot valve that opens and closes the balance port.

[Embodiments of the invention]

The present invention will be described below based on an embodiment shown in the drawings.

In FIGS. 1 to 3, 21 is a cylindrical valve body, and a first boat 22 and three switching boats 23a, 23b12'3C are provided at the bottom along the longitudinal direction of the valve body. These boats are connected to the cycle of a heat pump type air conditioner as in FIG. 10. Furthermore, a valve seat 24 is provided integrally with the valve body 21 of the opening lower portion of the switching boats 23a123b, 23c, and a slide valve 25 is slidably provided on the valve seat 24. This slide valve 25 has a recess 26 that communicates two adjacent switching boats among the three switching boats 23a, 23b, and 23C, and communicates the first boat 22 and switching boat 23c when moving forward. At the same time, the switching boats 23a and 23b are connected to each other, and the first boat 22 and the switching port 23a are connected to each other when backing up.
The switching boats 23b and 23c are communicated with each other. Further, on the upper surface of the slide valve 25, a differential pressure port 27 and a balance port 28 are provided adjacent to each other, which communicate the inside and outside of the valve.

Furthermore, a bracket 29 is fitted into the upper part of the slide valve 25 so as to extend in the longitudinal direction. This bracket 29
is constructed by bending a plate into a trowel shape, and is fitted into the slide valve 25 so as to be slidable in the front and rear directions. A pilot valve 30 that opens and closes the differential pressure port 27 and the balance port 28 is integrally provided on the lower surface of the bracket 29.

Further, a spring 31 is interposed between the rear bent portion 29a of the bracket 29 and the rear end of the slide valve 25, so that the bracket 29 can be moved rearwardly with respect to the slide valve 25.
That is, the pilot valve 30 biases the differential pressure port 27 and the balance port 28 in a direction to close them. Further, the bent portion 29a of the bracket 29 is connected to a drive mechanism 32 that drives the slide valve 25.

The drive mechanism 32 includes a DC type electromagnetic coil 34 having a fixed magnetic pole 33 provided at the end of the valve body 21, and a plunger 35 made of a permanent magnet housed in the electromagnetic coil 34. One magnetic pole N of this plunger 35 faces the fixed magnetic pole 33, and the tip end is formed at the bent portion 29a of the bracket 29.
is connected to. A DC pulse voltage of positive pulses and negative pulses is applied to the electromagnetic coil 34, and the polarity of the fixed magnetic pole 33 is reversed by the positive and negative pulses to attract or repel the plunger 35. It is supposed to be done. In other words, the positive pulse is the electromagnetic coil 34
When a negative pulse is applied, the fixed magnetic pole 33 becomes an S pole and attracts the plunger 35, and when a negative pulse is applied, the fixed magnetic pole 33 becomes an N pole and repels the plunger 35. The slide valve 25 moves forward and backward by the suction and repulsion of the plunger 35, and its stroke is set to el, and the stroke of the bracket 29 is set to β2. That is, β1 is a stroke necessary to switch the flow path, and 122 is a stroke necessary to open and close the balance port 28.

Next, the operation of the four-way valve device configured as described above will be explained. First, FIG. 1 shows heating, FIG. 2 shows cooling, and FIG. 3 shows the transition from heating to cooling. When switching from heating operation to cooling operation as shown in FIG. 1, when the compressor is stopped and a negative pulse is applied to the electromagnetic coil 34 as shown in FIG. 4, the fixed magnetic pole 33 changes as shown in FIG. The N pole becomes the N pole, rebounds against the plunger 35, overcomes the urging force of the spring 31 and the differential pressure of the balance port 28, and the bracket 29
moves forward. Therefore, the pilot valve 3o integrated with the bracket 29 opens the balance port 28. The equation at this time, as shown in FIG. 5, may be as long as N≧ΔP·μ(82+S!)+. However, Sl Nislide valve cross-sectional area S2: Balance port cross-sectional area Sl: Differential pressure port cross-sectional area: Spring force N: Electromagnetic coil power μ: Friction coefficient.

Since S2, Sl, and K are sufficiently small, the balance port 28 will surely open even if the pressure difference is large. After that, the pressure difference decreases, but during this time ΔP・μ・S3≧
During this period, the balance port 28 remains open due to the differential pressure. When the negative pulse is applied again when the pressure difference has decreased sufficiently, the slide valve 25 moves. In this case, it is sufficient if N≧ΔP・μ・Sl. When the pressure further decreases, balance port 2 when K>ΔP・μ・Sl
8 is closed, resulting in the state shown in FIG. That is, the slide valve 25 is moved forward by the plunger 35 to communicate the first port 22 and the switching boat 23c, and also to communicate the switching ports 23a and 23b. After the flow path is switched in this manner, cooling operation can be performed by restarting the compressor.

Further, when switching from cooling to heating operation, contrary to the above, a positive pulse may be applied to the electromagnetic coil 34 to set the fixed magnetic pole 33 as the S pole and attract the plunger 35.

In the above embodiment, the differential pressure port 27 and the balance port 28 were provided adjacent to each other, but as shown in FIGS. A balance port 36 may be provided, and only half of the balance port 36 may be opened and closed by the pilot valve 30.

8 and 9 show another embodiment of the present invention, in which a balance port 37 is bored at the rear end of the slide valve 25, and a pilot consisting of a needle valve is provided in a bracket 38 facing the balance port 37. A valve 39 is provided and the spring is eliminated. FIG. 8 shows the heating operation state. When switching from this state to cooling operation, stop the compressor and apply a positive pulse to the electromagnetic coil 34 as shown in FIG. 9. According to the equation 82, the balance port 37 is opened and the pressure balance advances.

If a negative pulse is further applied here, N≧ΔP・μ・Sl
When this happens, the slide valve 25 moves forward. Therefore, when the compressor is restarted, the balance port 37 becomes the pilot valve 3.
9 to keep it closed. Further, when switching from cooling operation to heating operation, first, a positive pulse is applied to attract the plunger 35, and the pilot valve 39 integrated therewith is retreated to open the balance port 37. When the pressure is further balanced and a positive pulse is applied again, the slide valve 25 retreats, switching to the cooling operation state, and the balance port 37 remains open. Therefore,
When the compressor is restarted, N≦∆P・μ・Sl (slide valve 25 is locked). When a negative pulse is applied, the slide valve 25 does not move and the balance port 3
Only 7 can be occluded. In this case, in order to reliably move the slide valve 25, a pulse may be applied a plurality of times and the switching may be performed by impact.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the present invention, in a four-way valve device in which a slide valve is provided with a balance port that communicates the inside and outside of the slide valve, a DC pulse voltage is applied to the drive mechanism that drives the slide valve, and the polarity thereof is corrected. It is characterized by comprising a plunger consisting of an electromagnetic coil that is reversely reversed and a permanent magnet that is attracted and repelled by the electromagnetic coil, and that the plunger is provided with a pilot valve that opens and closes the balance port. Therefore, the opening/closing of the balance port and the driving of the slide valve can be staggered to ensure reliable operation. Moreover, there is no need to constantly energize the electromagnetic coil, which reduces power consumption, eliminates the need for a spring for returning the plunger, and reduces the number of parts, making it possible to simplify and downsize the configuration.
It also has the effect of producing a large amount of power with a small coil.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 to 5 show an embodiment of the present invention,
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal side view of the four-way valve device during heating, Fig. 2 is a longitudinal side view of the four-way valve device during cooling, and Fig. 3 is a longitudinal side view of the four-way valve device during transition from heating to cooling. Figure 4 is a time chart when switching the four-way valve device, Figure 5 is a graph showing the relationship between driving force and pressure, Figures 6 and 7 are variations of the balance port; The figure is a vertical side view of the slide valve, FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the balance port and the pilot valve, and FIGS. 8 and 9 show other embodiments of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a time chart of the switching operation, and FIGS. 10 and 11 are longitudinal side views showing prior art examples of the four-way valve device. 21... Valve body, 25... Slide valve, 28...
Balance port, 30...Pilot valve, 32...
Drive mechanism, 33... Fixed magnetic pole, 34... Electromagnetic coil, 35... Plunger. Figure 1 Figure 4 (“IN Figure 5 G: lkMA71 difference (]] C Kunsune M) Figure 6
Fig. 7 Fig. 8 Fig. 9 Fig. 1”IN Fig. 10 Fig. 11

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A four-way valve device including a slide valve provided in a valve body to switch a flow path, a drive mechanism that drives the slide valve, and a balance port that communicates the inside and outside of the slide valve with the drive mechanism. , consisting of an electromagnetic coil to which a DC pulse voltage is applied and whose polarity is reversed, and a plunger consisting of a permanent magnet that is attracted and repelled by the electromagnetic coil, and this plunger is linked to a pilot valve that opens and closes the balance port. A four-way valve device featuring: (2) When switching the flow path, DC pulse voltage is applied to the electromagnetic coil multiple times with different polarities in multiple directions to open/close the balance port and switch the slide valve. The four-way valve device described.